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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Summary Of The Special Issue “Neutrosophic Information Theory And Applications” At “Information” Journal, Florentin Smarandache, Jun Ye Feb 2018

Summary Of The Special Issue “Neutrosophic Information Theory And Applications” At “Information” Journal, Florentin Smarandache, Jun Ye

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Over a period of seven months (August 2017–February 2018), the Special Issue dedicated to “Neutrosophic Information Theory and Applications” by the “Information” journal (ISSN 2078-2489), located in Basel, Switzerland, was a success. The Guest Editors, Prof. Dr. Florentin Smarandache from the University of New Mexico (USA) and Prof. Dr. Jun Ye from the Shaoxing University (China), were happy to select—helped by a team of neutrosophic reviewers from around the world, and by the “Information” journal editors themselves—and publish twelve important neutrosophic papers, authored by 27 authors and coauthors. There were a variety of neutrosophic topics studied and used by the …

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Neutrosophic Soft Rough Graphs With Application, Florentin Smarandache, Muhammad Akram, Hafsa M. Malik, Sundas Shahzadi Feb 2018

Neutrosophic Soft Rough Graphs With Application, Florentin Smarandache, Muhammad Akram, Hafsa M. Malik, Sundas Shahzadi

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Neutrosophic sets (NSs) handle uncertain information while fuzzy sets (FSs) and intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFs) fail to handle indeterminate information. Soft set theory, neutrosophic set theory, and rough set theory are different mathematical models for handling uncertainties and they are mutually related. The neutrosophic soft rough set (NSRS) model is a hybrid model by combining neutrosophic soft sets with rough sets. We apply neutrosophic soft rough sets to graphs. In this research paper, we introduce the idea of neutrosophic soft rough graphs (NSRGs) and describe different methods of their construction. We consider the application of NSRG in decision-making problems. In …

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Progenitors Involving Simple Groups, Nicholas R. Andujo Feb 2018

Progenitors Involving Simple Groups, Nicholas R. Andujo

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

I will be going over writing representations of both permutation and monomial progenitors, which include 2^{*4} : D_4, 2^(*7) :L_2 (7) as permutation progenitors, and monomial progenitors 7^(*2) :_m S_3 \times 2, 11^{*2} :_m (5:2)^{*}5, 11^{*3} :_m (25:3), 11^{*4} :_m (4 : 5)^{*}5. Also, the images of these different progenitors at both lower and higher fields and orders. \\ We will also do the double coset enumeration of S5 over D6, S6 over 5 : 4, A_5 x A_5 over (5:2)^{*}5, and go on to also do the double coset enumeration over maximal subgroups for larger constructions. We will also …

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Mathematical Arguments In Favor Of Risk In Andy Weir's The Martian, Sarah C. Cobb, Jeff B. Hood Jan 2018

Mathematical Arguments In Favor Of Risk In Andy Weir's The Martian, Sarah C. Cobb, Jeff B. Hood

Journal of Humanistic Mathematics

In Andy Weir’s novel The Martian, the characters encounter high-stakes, life-or-death situations, in which they must make choices based on their assessment of risk and likely outcomes. They have different reactions to risky situations, based on their approaches to assessing risk and their perspectives on the stakes involved. In this paper, we examine the ways that characters in The Martian intuitively assess risk and compare them to mathematical analysis of the situations in the book.

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Predicting The Next Us President By Simulating The Electoral College, Boyan Kostadinov Jan 2018

Predicting The Next Us President By Simulating The Electoral College, Boyan Kostadinov

Publications and Research

We develop a simulation model for predicting the outcome of the US Presidential election based on simulating the distribution of the Electoral College. The simulation model has two parts: (a) estimating the probabilities for a given candidate to win each state and DC, based on state polls, and (b) estimating the probability that a given candidate will win at least 270 electoral votes, and thus win the White House. All simulations are coded using the high-level, open-source programming language R. One of the goals of this paper is to promote computational thinking in any STEM field by illustrating how probabilistic …

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Numerical Approximation Of Diffusive Capture Rates By Planar And Spherical Surfaces With Absorbing Pores, Andrew J. Bernoff, Alan E. Lindsay Jan 2018

Numerical Approximation Of Diffusive Capture Rates By Planar And Spherical Surfaces With Absorbing Pores, Andrew J. Bernoff, Alan E. Lindsay

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

In 1977 Berg and Purcell published a landmark paper entitled Physics of Chemore- ception, which examined how a bacterium can sense a chemical attractant in the fluid surrounding it [H. C. Berg and E. M. Purcell, Biophys J, 20 (1977), pp. 193–219]. At small scales the attrac- tant molecules move by Brownian motion and diffusive processes dominate. This example is the archetype of diffusive signaling problems where an agent moves via a random walk until it either strikes or eludes a target. Berg and Purcell modeled the target as a sphere with a set of small circular targets (pores) that …

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Analytical Approaches To Improve Accuracy In Solving The Protein Topology Problem, Kamal Al Nasr, Feras Yousef, Ruba Jebril, Christopher Jones Jan 2018

Analytical Approaches To Improve Accuracy In Solving The Protein Topology Problem, Kamal Al Nasr, Feras Yousef, Ruba Jebril, Christopher Jones

Computer Science Faculty Research

To take advantage of recent advances in genomics and proteomics it is critical that the three-dimensional physical structure of biological macromolecules be determined. Cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) is a promising and improving method for obtaining this data, however resolution is often not sufficient to directly determine the atomic scale structure. Despite this, information for secondary structure locations is detectable. De novo modeling is a computational approach to modeling these macromolecular structures based on cryo-EM derived data. During de novo modeling a mapping between detected secondary structures and the underlying amino acid sequence must be identified. DP-TOSS (Dynamic Programming for determining the …

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Truancy In High School, Itzel Ruiz, Jason Mink, Xochitl Aleman Jan 2018

Truancy In High School, Itzel Ruiz, Jason Mink, Xochitl Aleman

SPACE: Student Perspectives About Civic Engagement

The main focus of this project is to analyze students’ poor attendance in order to understand the applicable factors as to why upperclassmen tend to miss more school than students in younger grades. We will be focusing on how students relationships with parents and teachers affect upperclassmen attendance. An anonymous ten question survey was given to five Junior and Senior Civics and U.S. History classes at Steinmetz College Prep high school. The questions were geared towards the students days absent during the school year, and their relationship with teachers and parents. Majority of the students surveyed missed more than 20 …

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Modeling Mayfly Nymph Length Distribution And Population Dynamics Across A Gradient Of Stream Temperatures And Stream Types, Jeremy Anthony, Jennifer Baccam, Imanuel Bier, Emily Gregg, Leif Halverson, Ryan Mulcahy, Emmanuel Okanla, Samira A. Osman, Adam R. Pancoast, Kevin C. Schultz, Alex Sushko, Jennifer Vorarath, Yia Vue, Austin Wagner, Emily Gaenzle Schilling, John M. Zobitz Jan 2018

Modeling Mayfly Nymph Length Distribution And Population Dynamics Across A Gradient Of Stream Temperatures And Stream Types, Jeremy Anthony, Jennifer Baccam, Imanuel Bier, Emily Gregg, Leif Halverson, Ryan Mulcahy, Emmanuel Okanla, Samira A. Osman, Adam R. Pancoast, Kevin C. Schultz, Alex Sushko, Jennifer Vorarath, Yia Vue, Austin Wagner, Emily Gaenzle Schilling, John M. Zobitz

Spora: A Journal of Biomathematics

We analyze a process-based temperature model for the length distribution and population over time of mayfly nymphs. Model parameters are estimated using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation method utilizing length distribution data at five different stream sites. Two different models (a standard exponential model and a modified Weibull model) of mayfly mortality are evaluated, where in both cases mayfly length growth is a function of stream temperature. Based on model-data comparisons to the modeled length distribution and the Bayesian Information Criterion, we found that approaches that length distribution data can reliably estimate 2–3 model parameters. Future model development …

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Motion Planning For Educational Robots, Ronald I. Greenberg, Jeffery M. Karp Jan 2018

Motion Planning For Educational Robots, Ronald I. Greenberg, Jeffery M. Karp

Ronald Greenberg

This paper considers various simple ways of navigating in a 2-dimensional territory with a two-wheeled robot of a type typical in educational robotics. We determine shortest paths under various modes of operation and compare.

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An Interval Arithmetic Newton Method For Solving Systems Of Nonlinear Equations, Ronald I. Greenberg, Eldon R. Hansen Jan 2018

An Interval Arithmetic Newton Method For Solving Systems Of Nonlinear Equations, Ronald I. Greenberg, Eldon R. Hansen

Ronald Greenberg

We introduce an interval Newton method for bounding solutions of systems of nonlinear equations. It entails three sub-algorithms. The first is a Gauss-Seidel type step. The second is a real (non-interval) Newton iteration. The third solves the linearized equations by elimination. We explain why each sub-algorithm is desirable and how they fit together to provide solutions in as little as 1/3 to 1/4 the time required by a commonly used method due to Krawczyk.

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The Entrance Times Of Feigenbaum's Map, Akhtam Dzhalilov, Khamza Kudratov Jan 2018

The Entrance Times Of Feigenbaum's Map, Akhtam Dzhalilov, Khamza Kudratov

Acta of Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent

It is well known that the Feigenbaum's map ϕ plays main role in theory of universality. The map ϕ is unimodal, even, analitic map of the interval [-1; 1] with one critical point. It is important that the Feigenbaum's map ϕ have infinitely many unstable periodic points and an attractor K of "Cantor type". In present work we investigate the behaviour of entrance times to the set F:

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Uniform Distribution For Piecewise-Linear Herman's Maps With Two Breaks, Akhtam Dzhalilov, Khamza Tashkulov Jan 2018

Uniform Distribution For Piecewise-Linear Herman's Maps With Two Breaks, Akhtam Dzhalilov, Khamza Tashkulov

Acta of Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent

Let h be a piecewise-linear (PL) circle homeomorphism with two break points a0 , c0 and irrational rotation number ρh . Denote by qn , n ≥ 1 the first return times of h and 000(0)():(0)hhaahaσ′−=′+ the jump of h at the point a0 . We prove that for every 1xS∈ the sequence 01log()mod1,1log()nqhDhxnaσ≥ is uniformly distributed on [0,1].

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Communication Based Control For Dc Microgrids, Mahmoud S. Saleh, Yusef Esa, Ahmed Mohamed Jan 2018

Communication Based Control For Dc Microgrids, Mahmoud S. Saleh, Yusef Esa, Ahmed Mohamed

Publications and Research

Centralized communication-based control is one of the main methods that can be implemented to achieve autonomous advanced energy management capabilities in DC microgrids. However, its major limitation is the fact that communication bandwidth and computation resources are limited in practical applications. This can be often improved by avoiding redundant communications and complex computations. In this paper, an autonomous communication-based hybrid state/event driven control scheme is proposed. This control scheme is hierarchical and heuristic, such that on the primary control level, it encompasses state-driven local controllers, and on the secondary control level, an event-driven MG centralized controller (MGCC) is used. This …

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Quasi-Symmetric Distribution Function Of Invariant Measure Of Circle Homeomorphisms With Singularities, U.A. Safarov Jan 2018

Quasi-Symmetric Distribution Function Of Invariant Measure Of Circle Homeomorphisms With Singularities, U.A. Safarov

Acta of Turin Polytechnic University in Tashkent

Let f be a circle homeomorphism with single critical point of non-integer order, that is, 1()()||()dcrcrcrfxxxxxfx−=−−+, 2d>, for some δ-neighborhood ()crUxδ. We prove that, if the homeomorphism f is P-homeomorphism on the set 1\()crSUxδ with irrational rotation numberfρ, then f is topologically conjugate to the pure rotation fρ . Moreover, ϕ is quasi-symmetric if and only if fρ is of bounded type.

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Reproducible Research For Computing In Science & Engineering, Lorena A. Barba, George K. Thiruvathukal Jan 2018

Reproducible Research For Computing In Science & Engineering, Lorena A. Barba, George K. Thiruvathukal

George K. Thiruvathukal

The editors of the new track for reproducible research outline the parameters for future peer review, submission, and access, highlighting the magazine’s previous work in this field and some of the challenges still to come.

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Markushevich Bases And Auerbach Bases In Banach Spaces, Apala Mandal Jan 2018

Markushevich Bases And Auerbach Bases In Banach Spaces, Apala Mandal

Major Papers

This paper studies Markushevich bases and Auerbach bases in Banach spaces. Firstly, a countable 1-norming Markushevich basis is constructed for any infinite-dimensional separable Banach space. Secondly, an Auerbach basis is constructed for any finite-dimensional Banach space. Thirdly, a Markushevich basis is constructed for a class of non-separable Banach spaces by applying projectional generators and projectional resolution identities, and the transfinite induction on the density character of the space.

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Models For Decision-Making, Steven Cosares Jan 2018

Models For Decision-Making, Steven Cosares

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

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Existing And Regularity Of Minimizers For Nonlocal Energy Functionals, Mikil D. Foss, Petronela Radu, Cory Wright Jan 2018

Existing And Regularity Of Minimizers For Nonlocal Energy Functionals, Mikil D. Foss, Petronela Radu, Cory Wright

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

In this paper, we consider minimizers for nonlocal energy functionals generalizing elastic energies that are connected with the theory of peridynamics [19] or nonlocal diffusion models [1]. We derive nonlocal versions of the Euler-Lagrange equations under two sets of growth assumptions for the integrand. Existence of minimizers is shown for integrands with joint convexity (in the function and nonlocal gradient components). By using the convolution structure, we show regularity of solutions for certain Euler-Lagrange equations. No growth assumptions are needed for the existence and regularity of minimizers results, in contrast with the classical theory.

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Diagnostic Effects Of An Early Mastery Activity In College Algebra And Precalculus, Nathan Wakefield, Joe Champion, Jessalyn Bolkema, Douglas Dailey Jan 2018

Diagnostic Effects Of An Early Mastery Activity In College Algebra And Precalculus, Nathan Wakefield, Joe Champion, Jessalyn Bolkema, Douglas Dailey

Department of Mathematics: Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate implementation of an early intervention mastery activity during the first two weeks of college algebra and precalculus courses at a large U.S. public university. Statistical modeling of (N = 935) students’ performance in the courses, including a logistic regression model of pass/fail course achievement with students’ high school rank, ACT Mathematics scores, and performance on the intervention as explanatory variables, suggested significant independent differences in course performance across performance levels on the early mastery activity. An evaluation of diagnostic validity for the model yielded a 19% false negative rate (predicted to …

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Modeling Mayfly Nymph Length Distribution And Population Dynamics Across A Gradient Of Stream Temperatures And Stream Types, Jeremy Anthony, Jennifer Baccam, Imanuel Bier, Emily Gregg, Leif Halverson, Ryan Mulcahy, Emmanuel Okanla, Samira A. Osman, Adam R. Pancoast, Kevin C. Schultz, Alex Sushko, Jennifer Vorarath, Yia Vue, Austin Wagner, Emily Gaenzle Schilling, John Zobitz Jan 2018

Modeling Mayfly Nymph Length Distribution And Population Dynamics Across A Gradient Of Stream Temperatures And Stream Types, Jeremy Anthony, Jennifer Baccam, Imanuel Bier, Emily Gregg, Leif Halverson, Ryan Mulcahy, Emmanuel Okanla, Samira A. Osman, Adam R. Pancoast, Kevin C. Schultz, Alex Sushko, Jennifer Vorarath, Yia Vue, Austin Wagner, Emily Gaenzle Schilling, John Zobitz

Faculty Authored Articles

We analyze a process-based temperature model for the length distribution and population over time of mayfly nymphs. Model parameters are estimated using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation method utilizing length distribution data at five different stream sites. Two different models (a standard exponential model and a modified Weibull model) of mayfly mortality are evaluated, where in both cases mayfly length growth is a function of stream temperature. Based on model-data comparisons to the modeled length distribution and the Bayesian Information Criterion, we found that approaches that length distribution data can reliably estimate 2–3 model parameters. Future model development …

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How Often Does The Best Team Win? A Unified Approach To Understanding Randomness In North American Sport, Michael J. Lopez, Matthews J. Gregory, Baumer S. Benjamin Jan 2018

How Often Does The Best Team Win? A Unified Approach To Understanding Randomness In North American Sport, Michael J. Lopez, Matthews J. Gregory, Baumer S. Benjamin

Mathematics

Statistical applications in sports have long centered on how to best separate signal (e.g. team talent) from random noise. However, most of this work has concentrated on a single sport, and the development of meaningful cross-sport comparisons has been impeded by the difficulty of translating luck from one sport to another. In this manuscript, we develop Bayesian state-space models using betting market data that can be uniformly applied across sporting organizations to better understand the role of randomness in game outcomes. These models can be used to extract estimates of team strength, the between-season, within-season, and game-to-game variability of team …

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Modeling The Disappearance Of The Neanderthals Using Concepts Of Population Dynamics And Ecology, Michael F. Roberts, Stephen E. Bricher Jan 2018

Modeling The Disappearance Of The Neanderthals Using Concepts Of Population Dynamics And Ecology, Michael F. Roberts, Stephen E. Bricher

Faculty Publications

Current hypotheses regarding the disappearance of Neanderthals (NEA) in Europe fall into two main categories: climate change, and competition. Here we review current research and existing mathematical models that deal with this question, and we propose an approach that incorporates and permits the investigation of the current hypotheses. We have developed a set of differential equations that model population dynamics of anatomically modern humans (AMH) and NEA, their ecological relations to prey species, and their mutual interactions. The model allows investigators to explore each of the two main categories or combinations of both, as well as various forms of competition …

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Theoretical Open-Loop Model Of Respiratory Mechanics In The Extremely Preterm Infant, Laura Ellwein Fix, Joseph Khoury, Russell R. Moores Jr., Lauren Linkous, Matthew Brandes, Henry J. Rozycki Jan 2018

Theoretical Open-Loop Model Of Respiratory Mechanics In The Extremely Preterm Infant, Laura Ellwein Fix, Joseph Khoury, Russell R. Moores Jr., Lauren Linkous, Matthew Brandes, Henry J. Rozycki

Mathematics and Applied Mathematics Publications

Non-invasive ventilation is increasingly used for respiratory support in preterm infants, and is associated with a lower risk of chronic lung disease. However, this mode is often not successful in the extremely preterm infant in part due to their markedly increased chest wall compliance that does not provide enough structure against which the forces of inhalation can generate sufficient pressure. To address the continued challenge of studying treatments in this fragile population, we developed a nonlinear lumped-parameter respiratory system mechanics model of the extremely preterm infant that incorporates nonlinear lung and chest wall compliances and lung volume parameters tuned to …

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Sdes, Jumps And Estimates, Jose L. Menaldi Jan 2018

Sdes, Jumps And Estimates, Jose L. Menaldi

Mathematics Faculty Research Publications

Long Title: Stochastic Ordinary Differential Equations with Jumps: Theory and Estimates. Chapters: Stochastic Integrals - Initial Approach to SDEs - Estimates of SDEs - Other Formulations of SDEs - SDEs with Reflection - PDE Connections.

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Concavity In Fractional Calculus, Paul W. Eloe, Jeffrey T. Neugebauer Jan 2018

Concavity In Fractional Calculus, Paul W. Eloe, Jeffrey T. Neugebauer

Mathematics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Resistance Temperature Detectors In A Cryostat Refrigeration System, Kirsten Marie Manahan, Alice Callen Jan 2018

Resistance Temperature Detectors In A Cryostat Refrigeration System, Kirsten Marie Manahan, Alice Callen

STAR Program Research Presentations

The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) is a ground-based telescope that will survey the Southern sky every few nights. Located in the telescope will be a 3.2 gigapixel digital camera. To ensure proper instrumentation of the camera, there must be a monitored stable temperature. As part of my research, I assembled resistance temperature detectors and tested them to verify their reliability in measuring temperature in the camera’s cryostat refrigeration cooling system. Resistance temperature detectors function by the principle of thermal resistivity, in which their electrical resistances vary as temperature varies. Through testing, I was able to determine whether these particular …

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Data-Driven Predictive Framework For Modeling Complex Multi-Physics Engineering Applications, Arturo Schiaffino Bustamante Jan 2018

Data-Driven Predictive Framework For Modeling Complex Multi-Physics Engineering Applications, Arturo Schiaffino Bustamante

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Computational models are often encountered in multiple engineering application, such as structural design, material science, heat transfer and fluid dynamics. These simulations offer the engineers the capability of understanding complex physical situations before putting them to practice, either through experimentation or prototyping. The current advances in computational sciences, hardware architecture, software development and big data technology, have allowed the construction of sturdy predicting frameworks for analyzing a wide array of natural phenomena across different disciplines, either through the implementation of statistical methods, such as big data, and uncertainty quantification, or through high performance computing of a numerical model. The objective …

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A Novel Method For Fabricating Material Extrusion 3d Printed Polycarbonate Parts Reinforced With Continuous Carbon Fiber And Improvement Of Strength By Oven And Microwave Heat Treatment, Md Naim Jahangir Jan 2018

A Novel Method For Fabricating Material Extrusion 3d Printed Polycarbonate Parts Reinforced With Continuous Carbon Fiber And Improvement Of Strength By Oven And Microwave Heat Treatment, Md Naim Jahangir

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The study of continuous carbon fiber-based material extrusion FDM printed materials can eliminate the problem of lower strength of additive manufactured part. Additive manufacturing, the process of fabricating complex shaped specimen with a layer-by-layer manufacturing technique, is being utilized in industrial application rapidly. Though the biomedical application may not be literally dependent on strength property, the factor is not deniable for the structural uses of 3D printed polymers. Insufficient neck growth and adhesion between layers are the driving factors of lower strength. The presence of porosity in the 3D printed parts is a major drawback and studies showed that the …

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When Numerical Analysis Crosses Paths With Catalan And Generalized Motzkin Numbers, Paul W. Eloe, Catherine Kublik Jan 2018

When Numerical Analysis Crosses Paths With Catalan And Generalized Motzkin Numbers, Paul W. Eloe, Catherine Kublik

Mathematics Faculty Publications

We study a linear doubly indexed sequence that contains the Catalan numbers and relates to a class of generalized Motzkin numbers. We obtain a closed form formula, a generating function and a nonlinear recursion relation for this sequence. We show that a finite difference scheme with compact stencil applied to a nonlinear differential operator acting on the Euclidean distance function is exact, and exploit this exactness to produce the nonlinear recursion relation. In particular, the nonlinear recurrence relation is obtained by using standard error analysis techniques from numerical analysis. This work shows a connection between numerical analysis and number theory, …

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