Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Surfactant Incorporated Preyssler Polyoxoanion: A Transition Metal Substituted Mo-Php Complex And Its Applications, Bharath Samannan, Jothi Selvam, Yi-Li Lin, Praveen Peter, Jeyabalan Thavasikani

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The complex was prepared with preyssler polyoxoanion and transition metal (Mo), a cationic surfactant as a connector. It has tuneable physical and chemical potential which has been exploited to study novel properties. A new technique of shock wave impulses is also used on the Mo-PHP complex. Extensive use of cationic surfactants could impact accumulation in the environment set off the surfacing of bacterial resistance. Due to the electrostatic binding to bacterial surface, the hydrophobic parts of cationic surfactants tend to penetrate bacterial cell walls and may cause membrane lysis and bacteria death. The surfactant-supported and direct release of metal ions …

Electrochemical Behavior, Antimicrobial Activities, And Effect Of Temperature On Micellization Of Imidazolium Monomeric Surfactants, Vinit Sharma, Tokuma Getahun, Manpreet Singh, Jaswinder Kaur, Nandita Thakur, Kamal Kishore

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In the present study, we herein report the conductance behavior, effect of temperature, and chain-length of two environmentally friendly imidazolium cationic capric and stearic surfactants. The conductance behavior has been carried out in aqueous solvent (H2O) at four different temperatures such as 24 °C, 29 °C, 34 °C, and 39 °C. The normal micelles were formed in an aqueous solvent and critical micelle concentration (CMC) can be estimated through conductivity parameters. The expected dependency of the CMC on the alkyl chain length of the 3-(2-(decanoyloxy)ethyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium-bromide and 3-(2-(octadecanoyloxy)ethyl)-1-methyl-1Himidazol- 3-ium-bromide was demonstrated. It was observed that the graphs of molar conduct activity …

Additive-Free Synthesis Of Poly(N-Vinyl Pyrrolidone) And Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) Nanogels With Controlled Sizes, Semi̇ha Duygu Süteki̇n, Feyza Kiraç, Olgun Güven

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

An easy method is proposed to prepare poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNiPAAm) nanogels with sizes less than 100 nm. The underlying principle is to prepare dilute polymer solutions in acetone/water mixtures where acetone acts to break tridimensional structure of water hence disrupting the H-bonds bridging polymer coils causing separation and shrinkage in their sizes. Irradiation of these solutions by gamma-rays directly leads to the formation of intramolecular crosslinks within the coils resulting with nanogels with sizes smaller than precursor coils. While the average size of nanogels of PVP irradiated in water only is 236 nm, they were reduced to …

Gan/Zno Hybrid Nanostructures For Improved Photocatalytic Performance: One-Step Synthesis, Tugay Üstün, Bi̇rcan Haspulat Taymaz, Volkan Eski̇zeybek, Handan Kamiş, Ahmet Avci

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Nanostructured semiconductor materials are considered potential candidates for the degradation of textile wastewater via the photocatalytic process. This study aims to produce hexagonal gallium nitride (GaN) nanoplates and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in a deionized water environment utilizing a one-step arc discharge process. Detailed characterization of samples has been completed via scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV visible spectroscopy methods. The hybrid nanostructure morphologies consist of nanoplates and nanorods of different sizes. The photoperformance of GaN/ZnO hybrid nanostructures was assessed via the malachite green (MG) dye degradation under …

Effect Of Size-Graded And Polydopamine-Coated Halloysite Nanotubes On Fundamental Properties Of Low-Density Polyethylene Nanocomposite Film, Cüneyt Erdi̇nç Taş

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, some of the critical fundamental properties, which are holding importance in usage areas, of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film were studied by embedding size-graded and polydopamine-coated halloysite nanotubes into the polymer matrix. This concept evaluated the importance of the well-dispersion of nanoparticles in the composite system and interfacial adhesion between nanofiller and polymer matrix on the degree of crystallinity and mechanical properties. For this purpose, halloysite nanotubes, coated with polydopamine and size graded afterward, were integrated into the LDPE matrix by the twin-screw extrusion process, following which, nanocomposite films were prepared by film-blown technique. Both effects of halloysite …

The Effect Of Poss Nanoparticles On Crosslinking Of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Nanocomposites, Seda Beki̇n Açar, Mehmet Ati̇lla Taşdelen, Bağdagül Karaağaç

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The effect of octaisobutyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OIB-POSS) as a nanosized reinforcement on the cure kinetics, crosslinking density, and mechanical properties of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) nanocomposites was examined in this study. For this purpose, SBR compounds with various OIB-POSS nanoparticle loadings at 1, 3, and 5 phr were prepared and their results were compared with a reference compound without OIB-POSS. When 1 phr of OIB-POSS was added to the rubber matrix, the elongation at break values and tensile strength of the corresponding nanocomposite increased by 24.1% and 29.2% compared to the reference sample, respectively. The presence of OIB-POSS nanoparticles and their …

Privileged Fragment-Based Design, Synthesis And In Vitro Antitumor Activity Of Imatinib Analogues, Hongyu Jiang, Yuankun Wang, Maokai Jiang, Lei Yao

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Based on the privileged fragment-based drug design strategy, a series of imatinib analogues bearing the moiety of 3-(2-amino- 2-oxoacetyl)-1H-indole were designed and synthesized, and the in vitro antitumor activity of these compounds was detected by MTT method using K562 (human myeloid leukemia) and K562R (imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia) cell lines. Molecular docking was used to preliminarily explain the possible binding modes. The most potent compound I2 exhibited better antitumor activity than those of imatinib against K562 and K562R cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.8 ?M and 0.7 ?M.

In Vitro Tyrosinase Inhibitory, Dna Interaction Studies, And Lc?Hrms Analysis Of Ficus Carica Leaves, Güli̇n Renda, Burak Barut, Rümeysa Ceren, Enes Aydin

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Turkey is the world?s leading producer of figs, a typical Mediterranean fruit. The fig, Ficus carica L. (Moraceae), has been widely cultivated since ancient times due to the nutritional value of its fruits. It was aimed to investigate the phytochemical characterization and biological properties of F. carica leaf extracts in order to determine their potential for use in the treatment of various diseases. F. carica leaves were extracted in 70% methanol at 40 °C under reflux. To obtain extracts of different polarities, the crude extract was fractionated with n-hexane, dichloromethane, and n-butanol. Phenolic content was determined using liquid chromatography?high resolution …

Synthesis Optimization Of Zro2 Nanostructures For Photocatalytic Applications, Fi̇li̇z Boran, Merve Okutan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

This study aims to optimize the synthesis of semiconductor zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles for future photocatalytic applications in degradation of pollutants in wastewater under ultraviolet (UV) light. The synthesis procedure of ZrO2 nanoparticles was optimized by examining the effects of synthesis methods (ultrasound-assisted, hydrothermal method in an autoclave and conventional precipitation), reaction time (2, 6, 10, and 18 h), ambient pH (3, 7, 10, 13), and surfactant type (anionic, cationic, and non-ionic), on the particle size and crystal phase of the nanomaterial. The characterization of the synthesized samples was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray …

Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis Of Rgo/Sio2-Based Nanosheets And Their Electrochemical Performances In Li-Ion Batteries, Ersu Lökçü, Süleyman Can, Mustafa Anik

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this study, a facile approach has been developed to fabricate GO/SiO2 nanosheets by the hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the graphene oxide (GO) solution with the assistance of the ultrasonication. The morphology and structure of the SiO2/GO nanosheets were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the covalently bonded SiO2 nanoparticles onto the GO sheets were dense and uniform. The agglomeration of the nanosheets was prevented by the ultrasonication and the layer sizes decreased throughout the synthesis process. The size and thickness of the SiO2 …

Carbon Nanotube/Waterborne Polyurethane Nanocomposites With Light-To-Heat Conversion Properties, Hayri̇ye Ünal

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Photothermal materials and coatings which can create temperature elevations under light irradiation can be utilized in various applications requiring remote heating. Here, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) were incorporated into waterborne polyurethane (PU) to obtain photothermal coatings with light-to-heat conversion properties. Resulting PU-MWNT coatings were demonstrated to heat up to 80 °C under sunlight irradiation at 2 sunlight density for 18 min. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) cells attached to surfaces coated with PU-MWNT nanocomposites were killed upon near infrared (NIR) light irradiation at 808 nm for 15 min, whereas the same cells attached to control neat PU-coated surfaces remained alive under …

Zinc-Mediated Efficient And Selective Reductive Aza-Claisen Rearrangement Of N-Allyland N-Propargylaminoanthraquinones In Ionic Liquid, Fereshteh Albooyeh, Ghasem Aghapour

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

An efficient method is described for the first time for reductive aza-Claisen rearrangement of 1-(N-allylamino) anthraquinones to 1-amino-2-(prop-2?-enyl)anthraquinones using zinc powder in 1-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([Hmim] BF4) as an ionic liquid in good to excellent yields. Extending of this method on 1-(N-propargylamino)anthraquinones causes the production of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphtho[2,3-h]quinoline-7,12-diones containing a newly synthesized six membered heterocyclic ring on anthraquinone core via performing this reductive [3,3] sigmatropic reaction followed by cyclization in a tandem manner. These rearrangements can be executed even in the presence of some other functional groups with excellent chemoselectivity.

A New Method In The Synthesis Of Conductive Polymers; Synthesis, Characterization, And Investigation Of Photocatalytic Properties Of Polyaniline, Muzaffer Can

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

As known, in the synthesis of conductive polyaniline polymer from aniline monomer, the polymerization medium must be acidic. In order to make the polymerization medium acidic, protonic acids such as HCl and H2SO4 are generally used. In this study, two acids have been used to make the polymerization medium acidic. One of them, as we know, is H2SO4 as a protonic acid. The other acid is the zinc ion, which is a Lewis acid. The metal ion has never been used for this purpose up to now. Two polyaniline polymers have been synthesized to prove that conductive polymers can also …

Imaging Supermolecular Interactions Of The Pharmaceutical- Cocrystal Of Apigeninnicotinamide Binding With Serum Albumin, Yuting Sun, Ming Guo, Xiaoxue Zhao, Ronghui Wu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

In this paper, a new pharmaceutical cocrystal was synthesized using apigenin (AP) and pharmaceutically acceptable conformer nicotinamide (Nico), and the drug delivery between AP-Nico pharmaceutical cocrystal and human serum albumin (HSA) in vivo was studied at atomic scale. The pharmaceutical cocrystal was characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and the self-assembling mechanism was explored. The dissolution and cumulative release in vitro were investigated. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation combined with fluorescence spectroscopy was used to study the delivery mechanism of AP-Nico to HSA. The results showed that AP was …

Modelling And Simulation Of Chemical Reaction Of Porous Mgcl2 Pellets With Nh3 By Including Impact Of Heat And Mass Transfer And Structure Change, Zeynep Karakaş Helvaci, Gürkan Karakaş, Yusuf Uludağ

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The MgCl2?NH3 reactive system is investigated in terms of heat and mass transfer coupled with chemical reaction through numerical simulation. The reversible nature of the chemical reaction is captured by including adsorption and desorption terms in the rate expression simultaneously. The kinetic coefficients of the adsorption are directly adopted from the literature, while those for the desorption reaction are calculated based on the thermodynamic relations. The impact of changing pressure and pellet porosity are also investigated in the simulations. The initial temperature of the pellet is 300 K in all simulations. Temperature, NH3 pressure, and conversion distributions in the pellets, …

Facile Preparation Of Polyolefin-Based Amphiphilic Graft Copolymer Fibers By Combination Of Photoinduced Graft Copolymerization And Electrospinning, Çağatay Altinkök

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A novel amphiphilic graft copolymer possessing polypropylene (PP) main chain and poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) (POEGMA) pendant units was synthesized starting from chlorinated polypropylene (PP-Cl), and characterized. PP-Cl produced macroradicals at chlorine bounded carbon atoms by visible light irradiation in the presence of dimanganese decacarbonyl [Mn2(CO)10] and initiated the free-radical photopolymerization of an acrylate monomer, namely oligoethylene glycol methacrylate (OEGMA). Furthermore, fiber formation ability of PP-g-POEGMA was tested by electrospinning technique. The chemical structure and some features of the corresponding amphiphilic graft copolymer PP-g-POEGMA was characterized by implementing spectral (FT-IR, 1H-NMR), chromatographic (GPC), morphological (SEM), water wettability (WCA), and thermal (TGA) …

Hydrophobic Surface Modification And Characterization Of Melamine Foam, Merve Okutan, Fi̇li̇z Boran, Ayça Ergün, Yusuf Kanca, Bengi̇ Özkahraman, Hüseyi̇n Deli̇göz

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Superhydrophobic and oleophilic modification of commercial acoustic melamine foam (MF) was made in this study. The modification was carried out with chitosan (CHI) and silica particles (SiO2), by using both a layer-by-layer-like approach (LbL) and dip coating technique. Subsequently, 1-octadecanethiol was used as a secondary modification agent. QCM-D, SEM, and FTIR analyses confirmed that the coating was successfully performed. After the modification, the column wall thicknesses increased than that of MF and they ranged from 25% to 48% for modified MF with an LbL-like approach (MMF) and modified MF via dip coating technique (MMFd), respectively. The sorption experiments showed that …

Dual-Reactive Hydrogels Functionalizable Using ?Huisgen Click? And ?Schiff Base? Reactions, Nergi̇z Cengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Hydrogels incorporating different reactive groups are important platforms for the fabrication of functional materials through the conjugation of diverse molecules. In this study, a dual-reactive hydrogel system was designed utilizing aldehyde and azide groups containing methacrylate monomers. Hydrogels were obtained in the presence of a dimethacrylate crosslinker with a combination of hydrophilic PEG-based monomers via free-radical polymerization. The azide and aldehyde sites of the hydrogel network are reactive towards alkyne and amine functional groups, respectively. The advantage of the different reactivities of these functional groups was demonstrated through the attachment of two different dye molecules onto the hydrogel platform via …

Spectrophotometric Quantification Of Paracetamol And Tramadol Hydrochloride By Chemometric Calibration Methods, Faysal Seli̇moğlu, Nermi̇n Pinarcik

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The results of UV spectrophotometric analysis were analysed using partial least squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) techniques to allow simultaneous evaluation of tramadol hydrochloride (TRA) and p-acetaminophen (PAR) in tablets. A calibration set of 16 mixtures, each containing PAR and TRA in various amounts, was created using a 24-full fractional design. The absorbance data set for the calibration set were obtained between 215?280 nm (?? = 0.1 nm). Subsequently, the concentration and absorbance sets were used to generate PCR and PLS calibrations. The ratio spectra- first derivative method was devised as a solution to the same problem to …

Theoretical Investigation Of Steric Effects On The S1 Potential Energy Surface Of O-Carborane-Anthracene Derivatives, Fahri̇ Alkan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

TDDFT scan calculations were performed for s-carborane-anthracene derivatives (o-CB-X-Ant where X=-H, -CH3, -C2H5 and tert-butyl or -tBu) in order to understand the interplay between the steric effects, S1 potential energy surface (PES) and photophysical properties. The results show that all systems exhibit three local minima on the S1 PES, which correspond to the emissive LE and TICT state, along with the nonemissive CT state respectively. In the case of the unsubstituted system (o-CB-H-Ant), and -CH3 and -C2H5 substituted cases, S1 PES is predicted to be quite flat for certain conformations indicating that it is possible for these systems to reach …

Investigation Of Boron Adsorption By Graphene Oxide: Equilibrium, Kinetic, And Thermodynamic Studies, Mehmet Fati̇h Önen, Nalan Erdöl Aydin, Osman Eksi̇k, Peli̇n Demi̇rci̇vi̇, Gülhayat Saygili

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Graphene oxide, which has a great application in industry, is one of the promising carbonous materials. Modified Hummers method was applied to synthesize graphene oxide. Characterization techniques showed that pure graphene oxide was successfully obtained. Its adsorptive properties were investigated by boron adsorption. The results were demonstrated that boron adsorption on graphene oxide was a pH-dependent process and maximum adsorption was achieved at pH 6 (0.98 mg g?1). Langmuir adsorption capacity was calculated as 3.92 mg g?1 with R2 = 0.99. The kinetic data brought to light that pseudosecond-order kinetic model was well described the experimental data (R2 = 0.99), …

Phosphorus Release And Recovery From Simulated Ferric Wastewater Sludge, Aseel Alnimer

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Phosphorus (P) is a fundamental element necessary for all life forms and a key component in the fertilizer industry. Meanwhile, the excessive load of P to water bodies due to human activities has the potential to promote eutrophication. Wastewater treatment plants remove P either biologically or chemically and produce P rich sludge which could be a potential renewable source for P. At present, commercial technologies exist for P recovery from biological wastewater sludge. However, P recovery from chemical sludge particularly iron(III)-phosphate (Fe-P) sludge generated in chemical P removal plants that use iron(III) salts remains a challenge.

This study explored, in …

Structural, Mutational, And Kinetic Characterization Of Ura4, An Isocytosine Deaminase, Ashlee Hoffman

WWU Graduate School Collection

Cytosine Deaminases (CD) are a class of enzymes found in prokaryotes and fungi that have been studied in the past due to their ability to deaminate the prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) producing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). 5-FU is a common anti-cancer drug that can inhibit DNA synthesis leading to cancer cell death. 5-fluorocytosine can interact with digestive bacteria leading to unwanted side effects for cancer patients. Isocytosine Deaminases (ICD) are enzymes that are of interest in the treatment of cancers using Gene Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy (GDEPT). ICDs can deaminate the prodrug 5-fluoroisocytosine (5-FIC) also producing the drug 5-FU.  5-FIC will likely not …

2-Aminopyridyl Functionalized Scaffold As A Tool For Systematic Investigation Of B-Glucan Binding And Dectin-1 Activation, Jasper Alinea Aquino

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Tuberculosis (TB) – an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) – remains an epidemic worldwide contributing to millions of deaths each year. Vaccination is possibly the best means of addressing this global threat. In recent years, synergistic Th1 and Th17 immune responses have emerged as the key players for a vaccine-induced protection against TB. There is currently no vaccine approved for humans that elicits a Th17-mediated immune response. C-Type Lectin Receptors (CLR), specifically Dectin-1, a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) of β-1,3-glucans (β-glucans) primarily from fungi cell walls, is known to induce a Th17-mediated response. The Th17 response upon binding …

Interactions Of Bioactive Trace Metals In Shipboard Southern Ocean Incubation Experiments, Shannon M. Burns, Randelle M. Bundy, William Abbott, Zuzanna Abdala, Alexa R. Sterling, P. Dreux Chappell, Bethany D. Jenkins, Kristen N. Buck

OES Faculty Publications

In the Southern Ocean, it is well‐known that iron (Fe) limits phytoplankton growth. Yet, other trace metals can also affect phytoplankton physiology. This study investigated feedbacks between phytoplankton growth and dissolved Fe, manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) concentrations in Southern Ocean shipboard incubations. Three experiments were conducted in September–October 2016 near the West Antarctic Peninsula: Incubations 1 and 3 offshore in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and Incubation 2 inshore in Bransfield Strait. Additions of Fe and/or vitamin B₁₂ to inshore and offshore waters were employed and allowed assessment of metal (M) …

Atmospheric Input And Seasonal Inventory Of Dissolved Iron In The Sargasso Sea: Implications For Iron Dynamics In Surface Waters Of The Subtropical Ocean, Peter N. Sedwick, Bettina M. Sohst, K. N. Buck, S. Caprara, R. J. Johnson, D. C. Ohnemus, L. E. Sofen, A. Tagliabue, B. S. Twining, Tara E. Williams

OES Faculty Publications

Constraining the role of dust deposition in regulating the concentration of the essential micronutrient iron in surface ocean waters requires knowledge of the flux of seawater-soluble iron in aerosols and the replacement time of dissolved iron (DFe) in the euphotic zone. Here we estimate these quantities using seasonally resolved DFe data from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study region and weekly-scale measurements of iron in aerosols and rain from Bermuda during 2019. In response to seasonal changes in vertical mixing, primary production and dust deposition, surface DFe concentrations vary from ∼0.2 nM in early spring to >1 nM in late summer, …

Isotopic Evidence For Sources Of Dissolved Carbon And The Role Of Organic Matter Respiration In The Fraser River Basin, Canada, Britta M. Voss, Timothy I. Eglinton, Bernhard Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Valier Galy, Susan Q. Lang, Cameron Mcintyre, Robert G.M. Spencer, Ekaterina Bulygina, Zhaohui Aleck Wang, Katherine A. Guay

OES Faculty Publications

Sources of dissolved and particulate carbon to the Fraser River system vary significantly in space and time. Tributaries in the northern interior of the basin consistently deliver higher concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to the main stem than other tributaries. Based on samples collected near the Fraser River mouth throughout 2013, the radiocarbon age of DOC exported from the Fraser River does not change significantly across seasons despite a spike in DOC concentration during the freshet, suggesting modulation of heterogeneous upstream chemical and isotopic signals during transit through the river basin. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations are highest in …

Systemic Analyses Of Radiocarbon Ages Of Coexisting Planktonic Foraminifera, Jörg Lippold, Julia Gottschalk, Jean Lynch-Stieglitz, Matthew W. Schmidt, Sönke Szidat, Andre Bahr

OES Faculty Publications

We compare radiocarbon (¹⁴C) ages of coexisting planktonic foraminifera species from sediment cores VM12-107 and KNR166-2-26JPC from the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean for three time periods (Holocene, Heinrich Stadial 1, last glacial maximum). We find a maximum inter-species difference of 1200 ¹⁴C yr. On average, the ¹⁴C ages deviate by ∼300 yr between Globigerinoides ruber and other species. In most cases, this exceeds the analytical uncertainty range of the measurements and thus renders the choice of species for generating age models as important as sample weight. While modern stratified water-column profiles imply an increase in ¹⁴C …

Synthesis And Application Of Redox-Active Covalent Organic Frameworks In Rechargeable Batteries, Mohammad K. Shehab

Theses and Dissertations

Synthesis and Application of Redox-Active Covalent Organic Frameworks in Rechargeable Batteries

Mohammad K. Shehab

Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States

Abstract

In recent years, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been considered the dominant energy storage devices for portable electronics and electric vehicles due to their high energy density, low self-discharge rate, and long cycle life. In LIBs, the traditional positive electrodes employed are mainly derived from metal-containing inorganic compounds composed of cobalt, iron, nickel, or manganese (LiCoO₂, LiMn₂O₄, and LiFePO₄) coupled with graphite as the negative electrode. Despite …

Characterizing Molecular Environments In Acrylic Paint Via Single-Sided Nmr, Lyndi Kiple

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Acrylic paint is a modern artistic material made of colored pigment and polymeric binder. Acrylic binder requires fundamental study at the molecular level to understand its physical properties for purposes of art conservation and general polymer chemistry. The research presented in this thesis uses single-sided nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as a non-invasive and non-destructive way to measure relaxation and self-diffusion, which provide insight to molecular mobility and physical properties of proton-containing samples. Specifically, this study relies on T2 relaxation to gain insight to regions within acrylic paint with different molecular mobilities. In both dry and wet paint, relaxometry data revealed …