Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

The Development Of Building Block Methodologies To Produce Nanostructured Heterogeneous Catalysts By Design, Jason Curtis Clark

Doctoral Dissertations

Building block methods were successfully developed to demonstrate the potential of this approach to synthesizing nanostructured heterogeneous catalysts by design. The octa(trimethyltin) cuboctameric spherosilicate, Si₈O₂₀(SnMe₃)₈, was used as the building block for the synthesis of these materials. The solid state structure of this building block was characterized and compared to other solid state structures of Si₈O₁₂ containing compounds. These studies showed that this building block is composed of rigid tetrahedral units connect through a flexible siloxy bridge. The trimethyltin functionality present on this molecular precursor will react with metal …

11,12-Bis(2,2-Dimethyl­Prop­Yl)-9,10-Dihydro-9,10-Ethenoanthracene, Joseph P. Herres, Mark A. Forman, Kraig A. Wheeler

Kraig A. Wheeler

The title compound, C26H32, was retrieved as one of three products from the reaction of tert-butyl­lithium with 11,12-dimethyl­ene-9,10-dihydro­ethenoanthracene and 4,5-diiodo­penta­cyclo­[4.3.0.02,4.03,8.05,7]nonane. The structure shows the expected ethenoanthracene geometry with mol­ecules arranged via van der Waals surfaces.

54th Spsj Annual Meeting Yokohama, Japan, May 25-27, 2005, Jane C. Vogl, Hiroyuki Ohno

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Isobaric Analog States As A Tool For Spectroscopy Of Exotic Nuclei, G. V. Rogachev, A. A. Aprahamian, F. D. Becchetti, P. Boutachkov, Y. Chen, G. Chubarian, P. A. Deyoung, A. Fomichev, V. Z. Goldberg, M. S. Golovkov, J. J. Kolata, Yu. Ts. Oganessian, Graham F. Peaslee, M. Quinn, A. Rodin, B. B. Skorodumov, R. S. Slepnev, G. Ter-Akopian, W. H. Trzaska, A. Wohr, R. Wolski

Faculty Publications

Spectroscopy of neutron rich exotic isotopes via their isobaric analog states (IAS) in less exotic nuclei is discussed. Several different experimental techniques, which can be applied to search for IAS of exotic isotopes, are described. Successful application of these techniques to the studies of heavy helium isotopes7He and 9He led to the observation of unknown IAS in 7Li and 9Li. Spectroscopic information for these states were obtained, and implication of these findings to the structure of 7,9He is considered.

Cloning, Overexpression, Purification And Characterization On N-Terminal Metal Binding Domains 5 And 6 Of Wilsons Disease Protein, David Achila

Masters Theses

Wilsons disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism which results from mutations in the gene encoding for Wilson disease protein (WDP). The cytosolic N-terminus of WDP comprises six metal binding domains each containing a conserved metal binding motif, GMXCXXC. The contribution of these metal binding domains to copper homeostasis is poorly understood. We have cloned, expressed and purified residues 485 to 633 corresponding to N-terminal metal-binding domains 5 and 6 of WDP (WD5-6). Two of the 3 disease causing mutations in the N-terminal metal binding domains of WDP occur one in each of these domains and the two …

M4@Si28 (M=Al,Ga) Metal-Encapsulated Tetrahedral Silicon Fullerene, Yi Gao, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

It is known that silicon fullerenes cannot maintain perfect cage structures like carbon fullerenes. Previous density-functional theory calculations have shown that even with encapsulated species, nearly all endohedral silicon fullerenes exhibit highly puckered cage structures in comparison with their carbon counterparts. In this work, we present theoretical evidences that the tetrahedral fullerene cage Si₂₈ can be fully stabilized by encapsulating a tetrahedral metallic cluster (Al₄ or Ga₄). To our knowledge, this is the first predicted endohedral silicon fullerene that can retain perfectly the same cage structure (without puckering) as the carbon fullerene counterpart (T_{d …}

Multivalued Logic, Neutrosophy And Schrodinger Equation, Florentin Smarandache, Victor Christianto

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

This book was intended to discuss some paradoxes in Quantum Mechanics from the viewpoint of Multi-Valued-logic pioneered by Lukasiewicz, and a recent concept Neutrosophic Logic. Essentially, this new concept offers new insights on the idea of ‘identity’, which too often it has been accepted as given. Neutrosophy itself was developed in attempt to generalize Fuzzy-Logic introduced by L. Zadeh. While some aspects of theoretical foundations of logic are discussed, this book is not intended solely for pure mathematicians, but instead for physicists in the hope that some of ideas presented herein will be found useful. The book is motivated by …

11,12-Bis(2,2-Dimethyl­Prop­Yl)-9,10-Dihydro-9,10-Ethenoanthracene, Joseph P. Herres, Mark A. Forman, Kraig A. Wheeler

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

The title compound, C26H32, was retrieved as one of three products from the reaction of tert-butyl­lithium with 11,12-dimethyl­ene-9,10-dihydro­ethenoanthracene and 4,5-diiodo­penta­cyclo­[4.3.0.02,4.03,8.05,7]nonane. The structure shows the expected ethenoanthracene geometry with mol­ecules arranged via van der Waals surfaces.

A Study Of How Precursor Key Concepts For Organic Chemistry Success Are Understood By General Chemistry Students, Patrick Gerard Meyer

Dissertations

This study examines college student understanding of key concepts that will support future organic chemistry success as determined by university instructors. During four one-hour individual interviews the sixteen subjects attempted to solve general chemistry problems. A think-aloud protocol was used along with a whiteboard where the students could draw and illustrate their ideas. The protocols for the interviews were adapted from the Covalent Structure and Bonding two-tiered multiple choice diagnostic instrument (Peterson, Treagust, & Garnett, 1989) and augmented by the Geometry and Polarity of Moleculessingle-tiered multiple choice instrument (Furió & Calatayud, 1996). The interviews were videotaped, transcribed, and coded …

Lead Optimization Of 7-Benzyloxy 2-(4′-Pyridylmethyl)Thio Isoflavone Aromatase Inhibitors, Bin Su, John C. Hackett, Edgar S. Diaz-Cruz, Young Woo Kim, Robert W. Brueggemeier

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Aromatase, the enzyme responsible for estrogen biosynthesis, is a particularly attractive target in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer. The synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of 2-(4′-pyridylmethyl)thio, 7-alkyl- or aryl-substituted isoflavones as potential aromatase inhibitors are described. The isoflavone derivatives demonstrate IC50 values from 79 to 553 nM and compete with the endogenous substrate, androstenedione. Data supporting the ability of these analogs to suppress aromatase enzyme activity in the SK-BR-3 breast cancer cell line are also presented.

A Microreactor System For Measuring Size Selectivity In Porous Wo3 Sensor Materials, Meng Lu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Our interest in studying reactions catalyzed by high surface area W0₃ powders is based on their potential application as the active material in sensors for low level (ppb) detection of flammable or toxic gases. A series of porous W0₃ powders with both meso- and micro-porosity have been synthesized by Waghe and Tripp. Preliminary results of the response of sensors fabricated from these materials indicated the possibility of size selectivity on the molecular scale. To provide support for the hypothesis of size selectivity and understand the reaction kinetics of alcohols over the new porous W0₃ powders for sensor …

Exafs Studies Of Bimetallic Ag-Pt And Ag-Pd Nanorods, Debdutta Lahiri, Soma Chattopadhyay, B. A. Bunker, Cm Doudna, Massimo F. Bertino, Frank D. Blum, Akira Tokuhiro, J. Terry

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Nanoparticles of Ag-Pt and Ag-Pd with high aspect ratios were synthesized using a radiolysis method. Gamma rays at dose rates below 0.5 kGy/h were used for irradiation. the nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), optical absorption spectroscopy and x-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. Bright field micrographs show that Ag-Pt nanowires are composed of large particles with diameters ranging from 20-30 nm and joined by filaments of diameter between 2-5 nm. the Ag-Pd nanowires have diameters of 20-25 nm and lengths of 1.5 μm. for XAFS measurements, the Pt L3 edge (11.564 keV), Ag K-edge (25.514 keV) and …

Combined X-Ray Diffraction And Diffuse Reflectance Analysis Of Nanocrystalline Mixed Sn(Ii) And Sn(Iv) Oxide Powders, Hongmei Deng, Jeanne Hossenlopp

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Nanocrystalline mixtures of Sn(II) and Sn(IV) oxide powders, potential gas sensor materials, are synthesized via a simple precipitation route using SnCl(2) as the precursor. Materials are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The ratio of Sn(II)/Sn(IV) in powders precipitated at room temperature, as well as the identity of the primary Sn(II) product (SnO or Sn(6)O(4)(OH)(4)), can be varied by adjusting aging time and washing procedures. The identity of the initial Sn(II) product influences the subsequent phase composition and degree of disorder in the tetragonal SnO(2) phase obtained following sintering …

Atr-Ftir Spectroscopic Analysis Of Sorption Of Aqueous Analytes Into Polymer Coatings Used With Guided Sh-Saw Sensors, Yolanda K. Jones, Zhonghui Li, Michael M. Johnson, Fabien Josse, Jeanne Hossenlopp

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Attenuated total internal reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used for the investigation of sorption of aqueous solutions of analytes into polymer coatings. A series of simple model polymers, such as poly(dimethylsiloxane), poly(epichlorhydrin), and poly(isobutylene), and films and analytes, such as aqueous solutions of ethylbenzene, xylenes, toluene, and nitrobenzene, were used to evaluate the use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy as a screening tool for sensor development. The ratios of integrated infrared absorption bands provided a simple and efficient method for predicting trends in partition coefficients. Responses of polymer-coated guided shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) sensor platforms to the series …

Systems For Predicting Pitzer’S Ion-Interaction Model Parameters, Theresa Balderas Obias

Masters Theses

Pitzer's Ion-interaction Model had been widely used in predicting the non-ideal behavior of solution over a wide range of conditions for natural water systems. The model is successful only when there are sufficient parameters available. However, generating these needed parameters requires a great quantity of work and it would be advantageous to be able to predict the Pitzer's parameters for salt systems when there is no data available.

This research entailed the development of ionic radii dependent equations for Pitzer's binary ion-interaction parameters β_MX⁽⁰⁾, β_MX⁽¹⁾, β_MX⁽²⁾, and C^ϕ_MX . …

Oligomeric And Polymeric Bibenzimidazole Based Metal Complexes And Crosslinked Polyethylenimine Based Flame Retardants, Jun Yin

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

In Part I, a simple and mild condensation route for the synthesis of novel bibenzimidazole oligomers and polymers is described using methyl 2,2,2-trichloroacetimidate as a key starting material. The dimer, trimer, tetramer, and polymers of bibenzimidazole were synthesized as a new series of potential conjugated chelating ligands for the metallopolymer studies. The polymers show the maximum absorption at around 400 nm. The optical band gap of the polymer is estimated to be 2.68 eV. In Part II, a series of multinuclear Ru complexes containing di-, tetra-, and octa-RuII centers based on the oligomeric bibenzimidazoles were synthesized and characterized. The species …

Synthesis Of 123-Iodine Labeled Rofecoxib Analogues: Potential Nuclear Medicine Imaging Agents, Brandy U. Belue

Masters Theses

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is a medical imaging technique which provides three-dimensional images ofliving systems after introduction ofa radiolabeled pharmaceutical. Rofecoxib (4-[ 4-methylsulphonylphenyl]-3phenylfuran-2(SH)-one) is an inhibitor of the cycloxygenase-2 enzyme, an enzyme which has been found to promote cancer cell growth. The synthesis of a no-carrier-added iodine-123 labeled rofecoxib derivative is potentially of value for the detection of cancer utilizing SPECT.

Iodine-123 labeled -(3-Iodophenyl)-4-(methanesulfonylphenyl)-SH furan-2-one, 1, and 3-(4-Iodophenyl)-4-(methanesulfonylphenyl)-5H-furan-2-one, 2, were prepared from the respective potassium organotrifluoroborate salts. The trifluoroborates were prepared from a simple six step pathway.

Optimization Of Electrode Alignment For Electrochemical Detection In Capillary Electrophoresis Using A Scanning Electrochemical Microscope, David Roach, Stephanie Hooper, Mark Anderson

Mark R. Anderson

Electrochemical detection in capillary electrophoresis requires decoupling the voltage applied to the working electrode from the separation voltage applied across the capillary. End-capillary electrochemical detection achieves this by placing the electrode just outside the ground end of the separation capillary. Obtaining adequate signal-to-noise in this arrangement requires using small inner diameter capillaries. Decreasing the inner diameter of the separation capillary, however, increases the difficulty of aligning the microelectrode with the open end of the capillary. Using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), the position of the capillary opening is determined while electroactive material is continuously emerging from the end of the capillary. …

An Electrochemical Study Of Electroless Copper Plating Using Glyoxylic Acid As Reducing Agent, Li-Qiong Wu, Fang-Zu Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electroless copper plating using glyoxylic acid as a reducing agent,Na_(2)EDTA as a chelating agent and K_(4)Fe(CN)_(6) and 2,2'-dipyridyl as additives was studied.The effect of chelating agent and addtives on the polangation behaviovs of copper reduction and glyoxylie acid oxidation were analyzed by linear sweep voltammetry.The results mainly demonstrated that the chelating agent hindered both the oxidation of glyoxylic acid and the reduction of copper complexing ions.It has revealed that K_(4)Fe(CN)_(6)and 2,2'-dipyridyl(with the content over than 20 mg/L)both played negative actions on the oxidation of glyoxylic acid.

The Analytical Determination Of The Uniqueness And Persistence Of The Volatile Components Of Human Scent Using Optimized Collection Methods, Allison Marsh Curran

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Locard exchange principle proposes that a person can not enter or leave an area or come in contact with an object, without an exchange of materials. In the case of scent evidence, the suspect leaves his scent in the location of the crime scene itself or on objects found therein. Human scent evidence collected from a crime scene can be evaluated through the use of specially trained canines to determine an association between the evidence and a suspect. To date, there has been limited research as to the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which comprise human odor and their usefulness …

Optimized Parameters For Electrochemical Fabrication Of P-Type Silicon-Based Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals, Wan-Yun Zhang, Jia-Rong Ji, Xiao-Dong Yuan, Wei-Min Ye, Zhi-Hong Zhu

Journal of Electrochemistry

A two-dimensional photonic band structure based on macroporous silicon with a gap centered at 20μm has been achieved for the first time.A medium doped p-type(100) silicon substrate was patterned by the standard photolithograpgy and alkaline efthing.And this pre-patterned sample was then etched 90 μm deep by electrochemical pore formation in the mixture of hydrofluoric-acid and dimethylformamide(DMF) to produce a quare lattice of circular air rods with a lattice constant of 3.8 μm and the very high aspect ratio up to 30.The optimized electrochemical parameters such as eletrolytical components and the current density were 5 % HF(by mass)+7 % H_(2)O(by mass)+DMF …

An Investigation On Poly(Vinyl Chloride-Co-Isobutyl Vinyl Ether) Coatings Modified By Rutile Nano-Tio_2 Pastes, Xiang Bin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The anti-corrosion coating of Poly(Vinyl Chloride-Co-Isobutyl Vinyl Ether)(PVCCIVE) was modified by rutile nano-TiO_(2).The influence of nano-TiO_(2) pastes on the coating's corrosion resistance was investigated through electrochemistry impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The results show that the addition of nano-TiO_(2) pastes does not have obvious effect on the coating's performance of adhesion,flexility,impact resistance,but improves the coating's UV resistance and the gloss.Meanwhile,with the proper addition of rutile nano-TiO_(2) pastes,the(anti)-corrosion behavior of the coating was advanced.

The Deactivation Mechanism Of Metal Oxide Anodes Under Alternative Current Electrolysis Condition, Jun-Tao Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The metal oxide anodes coated on titanium used in seawater electrolysis were prepared by thermal decomposition.Their morphologies、compositions and phase structures were determined by scanning electron microscope(SEM)、energy dispersive X-ray detector(EDX) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The electrochemical properties of the anodes were characterized by accelerated life test,cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.SEM、EDX and XRD showed that solid solution structures of(Ru,Ir,Ti)O_(2)and(Ir,Ti)O_(2) were formed after pyrolysis,the solid solution structures and active components were disappeared after the deactivation of the anodes.Electrochemical results indicated that the active area decreased and the coating resistance increased,which are resulted by active component falling off from the anode surfaces.Hence,the deactivation of the …

A Continuous Operation For Electroreduction Of Oxalic Acid To Glyoxylic Acid, Xiao-Hui Hu, Xiang-Fei Yan, Yu-Zhong Su, Jun Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

A simulative-continuous-operation approach was proposed to study the continuous operation for electroreduction of oxalic acid to gloxylic acid using a packed bed reactor and a parallel reactor with cooled cathode in order to solve the low productivity problem in current state by using traditional reactor.The effects of the concentration of oxalic acid and temperature on this process were also studied.Results showed that,after 30min of the reaction(residence time),the mass fraction of the produced glyoxylic acid in the catholic solution could reach 3.76% and 3.66% with respect to a saturated oxalic acid method and a step-temperature decreasing method.From this study,we conclude that …

The Mechanism Of Ethylenediamine On Electroless Ni-B Alloy Deposition, Sen-Lin Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The effects of ethylenediamine stabilizer on the deposition rate and on the stability of the plating bath for electroless deposition of Ni-B alloy were investigated.It was found that the addition of ethylenediamine greatly enhances the stability of the electroless plating bath.The electrochemical polarization including cathodic and anodic polarizations measurements were carried out to examine the effect of ethylenediamine on the deposition process.The results show that ethylenediamine affects both the cathodic and the anodic polarization processes.The oxidation current of the reducer and the reduction current of Ni-B alloy decrease greatly when ethylenediamine was added into the plating bath.The infrared spectroscopy(IR) experiments …

Electrochemical Performance Of Li_(3.22)Na_(0.569)Mn_(5.78)O_(12.0), Qing-Song Tong

Journal of Electrochemistry

By selecting LiOH·H_(2)O and Mn(CH_(3)COO)_(2)2H_(2)O as starting-materials,the positive materials with the structure characterization of Li_(4)Mn_(5)O_(12)and composition of Li_(3.22)Na_(0.569)Mn_(5.78)O_(12.0)were prepared by two-phase sintering method consisted of microwave and solid-state sintering processes.XRD patterns data showed that a pure Li_(4)Mn_(5)O_(12)phase was obtained by the fore-treatment of microwave sintering and the post-treatment of the solid-state sintering at 380℃.The charge-discharge tests showed that the newly prepared sample exhibited an initial capacity of 132 mAh·g~(-1)and its capacity faded after 100 cycles was 6.8% lower as compared with 1st cycle capacity in the voltage range of 4.5 to 2.5 V.The sample stored for 4 months exhibited an …

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells-Materials And Prospects, Molenda Janina, Marzec Jacek

Journal of Electrochemistry

The paper summarizes and discusses the basic properties of solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC) components(electrode materials and electrolyte) from the point of view of their essential functional parameters suck as chemicalstability,transport,catalytic and thermomechanical properties under operational conditions in a SOFC.An interrela-tion between the defect structure of these materials related to oxygen nonstoichiometry and their electronic propertiesand catalytic activity was shown.Single-chamber fuel cell concept was also presented.

The Optimal Sulfonation Conditions Of Self-Doped Polyaniline Obtained By Using Experimental Strategies, Wen-Yar Li, Chi-Chang Hu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The optimal sulfonation condition of self-doped sulfonated polyaniline(prepared from leucoemeraldinebase;denoted as LEB-SPANI) with a high electronic conductivity was obtained by experimental strategies,includingthe fractional factorial design(FFD) and central composite design(CCD).From the FFD experiment,the self-doped LEB-SPANI prepared at a lowtemperature(4oC),a short reaction time(1 h),and a small volume of fumingsulfuric acid(10 mL) showed a better conductivity(ca.127 mS/cm).In the CCD study coupled with a confirmationtest,the highest conductivity(ca.141 mS/cm) of the LEB-SPANI film was obtained under a sulfonation temperatureof 4oC,a sulfonation time of75 minutes,and a volume of8 mLof30% fuming sulfuric acid.The textural cha-racter-istics of self-doped LEB-SPANI were characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy,four-pointprobe method,and X-ray …

The High Temperature Corrosion Of 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel With Nacl Deposit, Fu-Fu Peng, Chaur-Jeng Wang, Yu-Chang Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The objective of this study was to figure out the hot corrosion behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steel(2205 DSS) within the temperature ranges from 550 to 850℃ in the static air condition with 2 mg/cm~(2)NaCl deposit,and in the air atmosphere condition with a constant flow rate of 500 vppm NaCl_((g)),respectively.Experimental results show that the hot corrosion kinetics met the parabolic rate law and the corrosion rate increased constantly with increasing temperature.The scales formed included Fe_(2)O_(3)/Fe_(3)O_(4)/Cr_(2)O_(3) and FeCr_(2)O_(4)from outer layer to inner layer.The sequence of formation is independent of the environment temperature,but the SiO_2 and NiO can be found in the …

A Study Of Three Corrosion Inhibitors For Reinforcing Steel In Sps Solution By Electrochemical Methods, Bing Zhao, Rong-Gui Du, Chang-Jian Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Some electrochemical techniques such as linear polarization,electrochemical noise and EIShave been employedto study the inhibition behavior of N-lauroyl sarcosinate,β-sodium glycerophosphate and D-sodium gluconate for the reinforcing steel immersed in simulated concrete pore solution(SPS) with NaCl addition.The results show that D-sodium gluconatehas an obvious inhibitive effect for the reinforcing steelin containingCl~(-)SPS solution.It has been proposed that the corrosion inhibition of D-sodium gluconate is due to its competitive adsorption and precipitation on steel surface in the simulated concrete environment.