Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Evaluating The Effects Of Enhanced Processivity And Metal Ions On Translesion Dna Replication Catalyzed By The Bacteriophage T4 Dna Polymerase, Edmunds Z. Reineks, Anthony J. Berdis

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The fidelity of DNA replication is achieved in a multiplicative process encompassing nucleobase selection and insertion, removal of misinserted nucleotides by exonuclease activity, and enzyme dissociation from primer/templates that are misaligned due to mispairing. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of altering these kinetic processes on the dynamics of translesion DNA replication using the bacteriophage T4 replication apparatus as a model system. The effect of enhancing the processivity of the T4 DNA polymerase, gp43, on translesion DNA replication was evaluated using a defined in vitro assay system. While the T4 replicase (gp43 in complex with gp45) can perform …

Development Of A Systems Engineering Model Of The Chemical Separations Process, Yitung Chen, Darrell Pepper, Randy Clarksean

Separations Campaign (TRP)

Two activities are proposed: the development of a systems engineering model and the refinement of the Argonne code AMUSE (Argonne Model for Universal Solvent Extraction). The detailed systems engineering model will be continuously focusing on the integrated approach to the analysis of the materials separations associated with the TRP Program. A second portion of the project will streamline and improve an integral part of the overall systems model, which is the software package AMUSE. AMUSE analyzes the UREX process and other related solvent extraction processes and defines many of the process streams that are integral to the systems engineering model. …

Resonant Tunneling In Magnetoresistive Ni/Nio/Co Nanowire Junctions, Andrei Sokolov, Ildar F. Sabiryanov, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Bernard Doudin, Xingzhong Li, Jody G. Redepenning

Chemistry Department: Faculty Publications

Magnetotransport studies performed on electrodeposited Ni/NiO/Co nanojunctions show a broad distribution of magnetoresistance values spanning from +40% to –25%, with an average of about 2%, corresponding to observations on large-area junctions. The dispersion in the results can be understood in terms of tunneling via localized states in the barrier. Calculations based on Landauer–Büttiker theory explain this behavior in terms of disorder-driven statistical variations in magnetoresistance with a finite probability of the inversion of tunnel magnetoresistance sign due to resonant tunneling.

Development Of A Systems Engineering Model Of The Chemical Separations Process: Quarterly Progress Report 2/16/03- 5/15/03, Yitung Chen, Randy Clarksean, Darrell Pepper

Separations Campaign (TRP)

Two activities are proposed in this Phase I task: the development of a systems engineering model and the refinement of the Argonne code AMUSE (Argonne Model for Universal Solvent Extraction). The detailed systems engineering model is the start of an integrated approach to the analysis of the materials separations associated with the AAA Program. A second portion of the project is to streamline and improve an integral part of the overall systems model, which is the software package AMUSE. AMUSE analyzes the UREX process and other related solvent extraction processes and defines many of the process streams that are integral …

Immobilization Of Fission Iodine By Reaction With A Fullerene Containing Carbon Compound And Insoluble Natural Organic Matrix, Spencer M. Steinberg

Separations Campaign (TRP)

The recovery of iodine released during the processing of used nuclear fuel poses a significant challenge to the transmutation of radioactive iodine. This proposal will develop and examine the use of Fullerene Containing Carbon (FCC) compounds as potential sorbents for iodine release from the reprocessing of nuclear fuel. This work will also include the development of bench-scale testing capabilities at UNLV to allow the testing of the FCC material in a simulated process off-gas environment. This experimental capability will also be used to test other potential sorbtion materials and processes, such as natural organic matter (NOM) and other promising alternatives. …

Regulation And Localization Of Endogenous Human Tristetraprolin, Anna-Marie Fairhurst, John E. Connolly, Katharine A Hintz, Nicolas J Goulding

Dartmouth Scholarship

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been implicated in the development and pathogenicity of infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders, such as septic shock and arthritis. The zinc-finger protein tristetraprolin (TTP) has been identified as a major regulator of TNF biosynthesis. To define its intracellular location and examine its regulation of TNF, a quantitive intracellular staining assay specific for TTP was developed. We establish for the first time that in peripheral blood leukocytes, express

Kinetic And Spectroscopic Characterization Of The H178a Methionyl Aminopeptidase From Escherichia Coli, Alicja J. Copik, Sabina I. Swierczek, W. Todd Lowther, Ventris M. D'Souza, Brian W. Matthews, Richard C. Holz

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

To gain insight into the role of the strictly conserved histidine residue, H178, in the reaction mechanism of the methionyl aminopeptidase from Escherichia coli (EcMetAP-I), the H178A mutant enzyme was prepared. Metal-reconstituted H178A binds only one equivalent of Co(II) or Fe(II) tightly with affinities that are identical to the WT enzyme based on kinetic and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) data. Electronic absorption spectra of Co(II)-loaded H178A EcMetAP-I indicate that the active site divalent metal ion is pentacoordinate, identical to the WT enzyme. These data indicate that the metal binding site has not been affected by altering H178. …

Synthesis Of Novel [3, 2-B] Indole Fused Oleanolic Acids As Potential Inhibitors Of Cell Proliferation, Heather J. Finlay, Tadashi Honda, Gordon W. Gribble

Dartmouth Scholarship

Seven new indole-fused oleanolic acid derivatives were synthesized from oleanolic acid for their ability to inhibit cell proliferation in NRP. 152 cells.

Studies Of Electroosmotic Flow Dynamics During Electrophoretic Separations, Jason Lasseter Pittman

Doctoral Dissertations

Instrumentation and techniques for monitoring electroosmotic flow (EOF) during capillary electrophoretic (CE) separations in both fused-silica capillaries and glass microfluidic devices are presented. These techniques were applied under conventional and sample stacking separation conditions. The instrumentation developed for monitoring EOF was also used to develop optically gated vacancy separations in microfluidic devices.

A recently developed technique for monitoring EOF in capillary electrophoresis by periodic photobleaching of a neutral fluorophore added to the running buffer was further characterized and optimized and then applied to monitoring EOF during a typical capillary electrophoresis separation. The concentration of neutral fluorophore (rhodamine B) added to …

Dielectric Constant And Proton Order And Disorder In Ice Ih: Monte Carlo Computer Simulations, Steven W. Rick

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The dielectric properties of ice Ih are studied using a Monte Carlo algorithm for sampling over proton configurations. The algorithm makes possible the calculation of the dielectric constant and other properties of the proton-disordered crystal. Results are presented for three classical models of water, two commonly used nonpolarizable models (SPC/E and TIP4P) and a polarizable model
(TIP4P-FQ).

Dipole-Bound Anions, Nathanael Isaac Hammer

Doctoral Dissertations

Any molecule with a dipole moment above approximately 2.5 Debye can form a stable negative ion (dipole-bound anion). These anions are best produced by “resonance” charge exchange from atoms in high Rydberg states (Rydberg electron transfer, RET). RET to form dipole-bound anions occurs over a narrow range of effective principle quantum number, n*. Dipole-bound anions for 32 molecules with dipole moments between 2.5 and 6.0 Debye have been studied. The excess electron in such an anion is very diffuse and weakly bound. Binding energies (electron affinities, EAs) are estimated from the narrow range of n* at which charge exchange occurs …

Sr3Mgpto6, Mark D. Smith, Hans Conrad Zur Loye

Faculty Publications

Single crystals of the mixed alkaline earth platinate, tristrontium magnesium platinum hexaoxide, Sr₃MgPtO₆, were grown from a KOH flux at 1273 K. The compound adopts the rhombohedral K₄CdCl₆ structure type, featuring chains of face-shared, distorted MgO₆ trigonal prisms (Mg site symmetry 32) and PtO₆ octahedra (Pt site symmetry ) surrounded by columns of Sr²⁺ ions (Sr site symmetry 2).

Characterisation Of Polymer-Modified Electrodes, Karl Crowley

Doctoral

In this work, two contrasting polymer-modified electrodes are investigated. Electroanalysis of lead in aqueous solutions was performed with an electrode coated with Nafion and the redox behaviour of the electronically conducting polymer, polypyrrole, was characterised. In the first study, a glassy carbon electrode coated with Nafion was used in the determination of lead through anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). Initially the work consisted of optimising the preparation of the electrode and the experimental conditions resulting in a reproducible Nafion-modified electrode (NME) with a lifetime of several weeks. Two different stripping techniques were examined. High frequency square wave ASV was found to …

Surface Interactions Of Mercury On Gold Foil Electrodes In Electrodeposition And Stripping And ; An Investigation Of Free Thiolate Ions From Metal-Thiolate Chalcogenides, Charles Martin Watson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mercury, a highly toxic metal, whose environmental concentration magnifies with ascension of the food chain, is monitored in our waters, food and air. Monitoring mercury is generally done by sample collection, transport to the laboratory; followed by: digestion of the sample, separation of the mercury and detection of the mercury: mostly by cold vapor atomic absorption or, cold vapor atomic fluorescence. These monitoring methods, preclude, routine, in-the-field mercury determination. New analytical techniques have been proposed for in the field determination of mercury. They consist of mercury adsorption onto a sensor or electrode and measuring how much is there either as …

Oxygen Delignification Kinetics And Selectivity Improvement, Steven M. Violette

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pulp strength loss during oxygen delignification is caused by cellulose chain cleavage resulting fiom attack by oxygen-based radicals generated through reactions with lignin. The objective of this research was to improve the lignin-to-cellulose selectivity during oxygen delignification by using radical-scavenging polymeric additives that adsorb on the cellulose surfaces where protection fiom radicals is needed. Among the polymers evaluated were starch, carboxymethyl-cellulose, galactomannan, xylan, and glucomannan. Oxygen delignification experiments were conducted on Northeast softwood Kraft pulps at different temperatures, sodium hydroxide charges, reaction times, and pretreatments. The effect of polymer additives on the selectivity and kinetics was studied. Polymer adsorption on …

Relationship Between Alkaline Pulp Yield And The Mass Fraction And Degree Of Polymerization Of Cellulose In Pulp, Mehmet Sefik Tunc

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wood as a raw material is generally the dominant cost factor for the production of chemical pulp. Therefore, an increase in pulp yield has a major impact on the competitiveness of a mill. In order to optimize pulp yield, for example by changing operating conditions, a mill must be able to monitor the yield accurately. However, an accurate "real-time" pulp yield measurement method is not available at the present time. Pulping yield is presently measured from the amount of pulp produced from a given quantity of wood consumed over a 3 to 6 month time frame. This method is obviously …

Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation Of Allylic Alcohols, Joseph M. Laquidara

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Reactions Of Alcohols And Organophosphonates On Tungsten Trioxide Epitaxial Films, Shuguo Ma

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The adsorption, diffusion, reactions, and desorption of water, alcohols, ethers, and an organophosphonate were studied using calibrated thermal desorption spectroscopy (CTDS) on thin film WO₃(OOl) surfaces grown epitaxially on a single crystal α- Al₂O₃(li02) (sapphire) substrate. The studies were conducted on oxidized and reduced surfaces, which were characterized by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS). The desorption spectra for molecular desorption of all of these molecules shifted to lower temperature with increasing coverage, and had overlapping tails on the high temperature side. Monte Carlo simulations show that this typical desorption shape …

Effect Of Petrochemical Industrial Emissions Of Reactive Alkenes And NoX On Tropospheric Ozone Formation In Houston, Texas, T. B. Ryerson, M. Trainer, W. M. Angevine, C. A. Brock, R. W. Dissly, F. C. Fehsenfeld, G. J. Frost, P. D. Goldan, J. S. Holloway, G. Hübler, R. O. Jakoubek, W. C. Kuster, J. A. Neuman, D. K. Nicks, D. D. Parrish, J. M. Roberts, D. T. Sueper, E. L. Atlas, Stephen G. Donnelly Ph.D., F. Flocke, A. Fried, W. T. Potter, S. Schauffler, V. Stroud, A. J. Weinheimer, B. P. Wert, C. Wiedinmyer, R. J. Alvarez, R. M. Banta, L. S. Darby, C. J. Senff

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Petrochemical industrial facilities can emit large amounts of highly reactive hydrocarbons and NOx to the atmosphere; in the summertime, such colocated emissions are shown to consistently result in rapid and efficient ozone (O3) formation downwind. Airborne measurements show initial hydrocarbon reactivity in petrochemical source plumes in the Houston, TX, metropolitan area is primarily due to routine emissions of the alkenes propene and ethene. Reported emissions of these highly reactive compounds are substantially lower than emissions inferred from measurements in the plumes from these sources. Net O3 formation rates and yields per NOx molecule oxidized in these petrochemical industrial source plumes …

Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure−Property Relationship (3d-Qspr) Models For Prediction Of Thermodynamic Properties Of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (Pcbs): Enthalpies Of Fusion And Their Application To Estimates Of Enthalpies Of Sublimation And Aqueous Solubilities, Swati Puri, James S. Chickos, William J. Welsh

James Chickos

No abstract provided.

Newtonian Cosmology, Ronald Lovett

Topics in Quantum Mechanics

No abstract provided.

Preparation Of 2s,3s-N-Isobutyl-N-(2-Hydroxy-3-Amino-4-Phenylbutyl)-P-Nitrobenzenesulfonylamide Hydrochloride And Other Derivatives Of 2-Hydroxy-1,3-Diamines, Aslam A. Malik, Hasan Palandoken, Joy A. Stringer, Roland P. Carlson, John Leach, Thomas G. Archibald, Robert G. Miotke

Chemistry and Biochemistry

The present invention provides a new process for the preparation of 2S,3S-N-isobutyl-N-(2-hydroxy-3-amino-4phenylbutyl)- p-nitrobenzenesulfonylamide hydrochloride, wherein this compound is prepared directly from the chloromethylalcohol. Importantly, the process of the present invention results in higher yields of 2S,3S-N-isobutyl-N-(2hydroxy -3 -amino -4-phenylbutyl) -pnitrobenzenesulfonylamide hydrochloride without sacrificing its purity. The processes of the present inventin can be used to prepare not only the 2S,3S-derivative, but also the 2R,3S-, 2S,2R- and the 2R,3R-derivatives.

Solvent And Method For Extraction Of Triglyceride Rich Oil, Shubhender Kapila, Paul Ki-Souk Nam, V. J. Flanigan

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The present invention relates to a solvent for use in extracting oil from an oil bearing material, such as soybeans, with the solvent resulting in the selective extraction of a triglyceride rich oil, which contains 95% or greater triglycerides and non-polar constituents, with the solvent comprised of a hydrocarbon, preferably hexane, and a fluorocarbon, so that the solvent has a viscosity less than 2.6 centipoise and a polarity of less than 0.1. The present invention also relates to a method of using the solvent to extract the triglyceride rich oil, with the method including preferably extracting the oil at a …

Clean, High-Yield Preparation Of S,S- And R,S- Amino Acid Isosteres, Aslam A. Malik, Todd E. Clement, Hasan Palandoken, James Robinson Iii, Joy A. Stringer

Chemistry and Biochemistry

The present invention provides compounds and methods that can be used to convert the intermediate halomethyl ketones (HMKs), e.g., chloromethyl ketones, to the corresponding S,S- and R,S-diastereomers. More particularly, the present invention provides: (1) reduction methods; (2) inversion methods; and (3) methods involving the epoxidation of alkenes. Using the various methods of the present invention, the R,S-epoxide and the intermediary compounds can be prepared reliably, in high yields and in high purity.

A High Throughput Method For The Conversion Of Co2 Obtained From Biochemical Samples To Graphite In Septa-Sealed Vials For Quantification Of 14c Samples Via Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Ted J. Ognibene, Graham Bench, John S. Vogel, Graham F. Peaslee, Steve Murov

Faculty Publications

The growth of accelerator mass spectrometry as a tool for quantitative isotope ratio analysis in the biosciences necessitates high-throughput sample preparation. A method has been developed to convert CO2 obtained from carbonaceous samples to solid graphite for highly sensitive and precise 14C quantification. Septa-sealed vials are used along with commercially available disposable materials, eliminating sample cross contamination, minimizing complex handling, and keeping per sample costs low. Samples containing between 0.25 and 10 mg of total carbon can be reduced to graphite in 4 h in routine operation. Approximately 150 samples per 8-h day can be prepared by a single technician.

Tropospheric Carbon Monoxide Measurements From The Scanning High-Resolution Interferometer Sounder On 7 September 2000 In Southern Africa During Safari 2000, W. W. Mcmillan, M. L. Mccourt, H. E. Revercomb, R. O. Knuteson, Ted J. Christian, B. G. Doddridge, Peter V. Hobbs, J. V. Lukovich, P. C. Novelli, S. J. Piketh, L. Sparling, D. Stein, R. J. Swap, Robert J. Yokelson

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

[1] Retrieved tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) column densities are presented for more than 9000 spectra obtained by the University of Wisconsin-Madison (UWis) Scanning High-Resolution Interferometer Sounder (SHIS) during a flight on the NASA ER-2 on 7 September 2000 as part of the Southern African Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI 2000) dry season field campaign. Enhancements in tropospheric column CO were detected in the vicinity of a controlled biomass burn in the Timbavati Game Reserve in northeastern South Africa and over the edge of the river of smoke in south central Mozambique. Relatively clean air was observed over the far southern coast …

Chemistry & Biochemistry Newsletter, Department Of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University

Chemistry & Biochemistry Newsletter: 2002-2015

Inside:

Page 2 2003 Graduates; Bonneman Scholarship in Medical Technology Awarded; Dean’s List–Spring 2003

Page 3 Update of Sophomore Organic Chemistry Lab; Halaweish Receives Governor’s Grant

Page 4 A Mini-sized Antarctic in Shepard Hall

Page 5 Alumni News; Faculty and Staff News; Foundation Donors

Page 6 Recent Faculty Publications

Increasing Expression Yields Of Circularly-Permuted Myoglobins, Casey Kulla

WWU Honors College Senior Projects

The permuted myoglobin HGL16 is known to be structurally and functionally similar to the wild-type (wt) sperm whale myoglobin (swMb) yet is less stable to chemical denaturation by 5.2 kcal/mole. Given published reports that stabilities of myoglobin mutants are correlated to expression yields and our own confirmation of this correlation, we are eager to increase expression yields of our destabilized permutants to facilitate protein characterization. One method, fusing HGL16 to Maltose-Binding Protein (MBP), increases yields but appears to destabilize the fused HGL16. Another method for increasing yields, overexpressing protein in the form of inclusion bodies, is particularly useful as it …

Regio- And Stereoselective Ruthenium Catalyzed Hydrovinylation Of 1,3-Dienes: Application To The Generation Of A 20s-Steroidal Sidechain, Zhengjie He, Chae S. Yi, William A. Donaldson

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The addition of ethylene to 1,3-dienes and 1-vinylcycloalkenes, catalyzed by two ruthenium complexes, proceeds in a regioselective fashion to afford 3-methyl-1,4-dienes as products. For a steroidal-based 1-vinylcycloalkene, the addition is stereospecific, giving a product with a 20(S) configuration.

Co-Catalytic Metallopeptidases As Pharmaceutical Targets, Richard C. Holz, Krzysztof P. Bzymek, Sabina I. Swierczek

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Understanding the reaction mechanism of co-catalytic metallopeptidases provides a starting point for the design and synthesis of new molecules that can be screened as potential pharmaceuticals. Many of the enzymes that contain co-catalytic metallo-active sites play important roles in cellular processes such as tissue repair, protein maturation, hormone level regulation, cell-cycle control and protein degradation. Therefore, these enzymes play central roles in several disease states including cancer, HIV, stroke, diabetes, bacterial infections, neurological processes, schizophrenia, seizure disorders, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The mechanism of AAP, an aminopeptidase from Aeromonas proteolytica, is one of the best-characterized examples of a metallopeptidase …