Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

34th Rocky Mountain Conference On Applied Spectroscopy

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Program and registration information for the 34th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Applied Spectroscopy, co-sponsored by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 2-6, 1992.

Dispiro- 1,2,4,5-Tetraoxanes: A New Class Of Antimalarial Peroxides, Jonathan L. Vennerstrom, Hong-Ning Fu, Walter Reed Army Institute Of Research, Arba L. Ager Jr., James K. Wood

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Dispiro-l,2,4,5tetraoxanes2 -4 were synthesized as potential peroxide a n t h a l a* d drugs. They had curative activity against Plasmodium berghei in vivo at single doses of 320 and 640 mg/kg which confirms earlier unpublished data Moreover, artemisinin (1) and 4 had equivalent ED”s against P. berghei in vivo in the multiple-dose Thompson tat; neither showed any evidence of acute toxicity at total doses of more than 12 g/kg. Dispiro-l,2,4,5-tetraoxane 4 had IC₅₀’s comparable to those of 1 against Plasmodium falciparum clones in vitro. These results confirm the potential of dispiro-l,2,4,5-tetraoxanes as a new class of …

The 33rd Iupac Congress, Budapest, August 17-22, 1991, Otto Vogl, Koichi Hatada

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Development Of Membrane Film Fiber Optic Based Sensors For The Remote Monitoring Of The Quality Of Surface And Groundwater, Leonidas G. Bachas

KWRRI Research Reports

The objective of this study was the development of chromo- and fluoroionophores and their subsequent use in sensors capable of surface and groundwater monitoring. Several reagents (modified crown ethers and porphyrins) were synthesized based on principles of chemical recognition and used for metal and pH sensing. The modified crown ether reagents include a chromogenic or fluorogenic group. The selectivity of these reagents is controlled by the size of the crown ether ring and the type of the chromogenic or fluorogenic side-arm. In addition, a fluorogenic crown ether was synthesized that incorporates a fluorogenic side-arm and a perfluorinated carbon chain. The …

Investigation Of The Axial Binding Of Phosphrus (Sic) Ligands To Tetraphenylporphinato Iron (Ii), Donghui Cui

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Phosphines and phosphites have been investigated as ligands to tetraphenylporphinato iron(II) (FeTPP) by spectrophotometric titration in tetrahydrofuran. A least squares method for determination of the equilibrium constants K₁ and K₂ (K₁ and K₂ correspond to the sequential binding constants for the formation of FeTPPL and FeTPPL₂, respectively) was developed. This method eliminates the errors associated with fundamental assumptions intrinsic to the more conventional Hill plot. The visible spectrum of the 5-coordinate complex, FeTPPL, was also determined for each ligand. The equilibrium constants obtained are: {L(logK₁, logK ₂)}, PMe₃ (5.53, 4.60); …

Multifragment Emission In 36ar + 197au And 129xe + 197au Collisions: Percolation Model, L. Phair, W. Bauer, D. R. Bowman, N. Carlin, R. T. De Souza, C. K. Gelbke, W. G. Gong, Y. D. Kim, M. A. Lisa, W. G. Lynch, Graham F. Peaslee, M. B. Tsang, C. Williams, F. Zhu, N. Colonna, K. Hanold, M. A. Mcmahan, G. J. Wozniak, L. G. Moretto

Faculty Publications

Relative abundances of intermediate mass fragments and light particles measured for 36Ar+197Au collisions at lie within the range of percolation model predictions, but for129Xe+197Au collisions at , the percolation model predicts too small admixtures of intermediate mass fragments among the emitted charged particles.

Tenth International Symposium On Cationic Polymerization And Related Processes, Otto Vogl, Gyorgy Deak

Otto Vogl

No abstract provided.

Nmr Analysis Of Sulfur Compounds In Petroleum, Kanning Wu

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The speciation and quantification of organic sulfur forms in fossil fuel is an area of research. This thesis describes an NMR method which offers potential for identifying and possibly quantifying both nonvolatile and volatile sulfur forms in fossil fuels. The method is based on the methylation of sulfur compounds to form methyl sulfonium salts:

RSR + Ch₃I --> (R₂S+-Ch₃)I^~

We propose to apply this chemistry to the analysis of sulfur functions in fossil fuels. The sulfur functions are methylated using ¹³C-enriched methyl iodide. The products are then analyzed by ¹³C NMR …

Investigation Of Alignment Dynamics In Mg-Ne And Mg-Ar Two-Photon Fractional Collisions, David Allen Olsgaard

Physics Theses & Dissertations

A new technique is used to observe the dynamics of electronic alignment in a dissociating collision complex. The technique requires the absorption of two optical photons during a single binary collision. Two exciting light fields are tuned into the wings of the 3s¹s₀-3p₁ and 3p¹p₁-5s¹s₀ resonances of Mg where strong collisions with rare gas atoms induce transitions between corresponding molecular states. The alignment produced in the intermediate state by the first excitation is probed by the second laser as a function of relative linear laser polarization and laser …

Quantitative Footprinting Analysis Of The Chromomycin A 3 - D N A Interaction, Allison Stankus, Jerry Goodisman, James C. Dabrowiak

Chemistry - All Scholarship

Chromomycin A3 (CHR) binding to the duplex d(CAAGTCTGGCCATCAGTC)- d(GACTGATGGCCAGACTTG) has been studied using quantitative footprinting methods. Previous NMR studies indicated CHR binds as a dimer in the minor groove. Analysis of autoradiographic spot intensities derived from DNase I cleavage of the 18-mer in the presence of various amounts of CHR revealed that the drug binds as a dimer to the sequence 5’-TGGCCA-3’, 3’-ACCGGT-5’ in the 18-mer with a binding constant of (2.7 f 1.4) X lo7 M-l. Footprinting and fluorescence data indicate that the dimerization constant for the drug in solution is -lo5 M-l. Since it has been suggested that …

Three-Dimensional Solution Structure Of Human Interleukin-4 By Multidimensional Heteronuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Robert Powers, Daniel S. Garrett, Carl J. March, Eric A. Frieden, Angela M. Gronenborn, G. Marius Clore

Chemistry Department: Faculty Publications

The three-dimensional solution structure of recombinant human interleukin-4, a protein of 133 residues and 15.4 kilodaltons that plays a key role in the immune and inflammatory systems, has been solved by multidimensional heteronuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The structure is dominated by a left-handed four-helix bundle with an unusual topology comprising two overhand connections. The linker elements between the helices are formed by either long loops, small helical turns, or short strands. The overall topology is remarkably similar to that of growth hormone and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, despite the absence of any sequence homology, and substantial differences in the relative …

Hplc Analysis Of Amino Acid-Derived Chloramines, Thomas Goyne, Suzanne Furness, Tracy Inskeep, Heather Greenleaf

Thomas Goyne

No abstract provided.

Construction Of An Instrument For Doing Fast Time-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy, Susan R. Richter

Honors Theses

We have designed and assembled a system for doing flash photochemical studies of organotransition metal carbonyl complexes with fast time-resolved infrared detection. Photolysis is with conventional xenon flashlamps (400J/flash) and time resolved infrared absorption spectra are measured with a diode laser (Laser Photonics, Inc.) and indium antimonide detector operating in the range 1700 - 2100 cm -1. Signals are collected and averaged on a digital oscilloscope (LeCroy 9410) for subsequent computer storage and analysis. The waveform is downloaded to the computer where calculations of percent transmittance and absorbance vs time are calculated. The information is then transferred to a spreadsheet …

Evaluation Of The Pti Ls-100 Lifetime Instrument And The Binding Of 2-Acetylnaphthalene To Γ-Cyclodextrins And Modified Β-Cyclodextrins, Timothy R. Cregan

Honors Theses

The first part of this thesis is to determine the procedures for optimizing the data obtained from the PTI LS-100 lifetime instrument. The molecules 9-cyanoanthracene, pyrenebutyric acid, anthracene and N-acetyltrytophanamide have lifetimes which vary over the range 1 to 115 nsec and all follcw a s:ngle exponential decay. Therefore, we can evaluate the instrument by comparing these data using fluorescence lifetime reference standard values for the aforementioned molecules. The second part of this thesis is to investigate the binding of 2-acetylnaphthalere (2-AN) to various cyclodextrin molecules.

Tyrosine Flourescence To Monitor The Denaturation Of A Bacterial Protein, Kristin L. Trudeau

Honors Theses

Tyrosine fluorescence was used to monitor the denaturation of a protein. The protein used as our model system was the regulatory subunit (RSU) of aspartate transcarbamoylase from E. coli. RSU is a dimer of two identical chains with one zinc ion bound per chain. It is also a typtophan-deficient protein so tyrosine flourescence was used as a probe to monitor changes during denaturation.

Denaturation Studies On Aspartate Transcarbamoylase And Its Catalytic Subunit, Neil B. Grodsky

Honors Theses

Two separate but overlapping projects were studied. First, the tryptophan corrected fluorescence emission spectra of ATCase and CSU were characterized under a variety of denaturant conditions at excitation 295 nm. Because CSU is a portion of ATCase, the environments of the same two tryptophan residues were being probed in both systems.

Synthesis Of Organometallic Polymers, Po-Chang Chiang

Masters Theses

By the middle of the nineteenth century, organic chemists found high molecular weight compounds as by-products of some of their experiments. These compounds were thought of as products of a failed reaction. It was not until sixty years ago that the first polymers were deliberately synthesized. Today polymers are used in almost every facet of life and they are becoming more important with each passing day.

This research project focused on synthesizing conducting organometallic polymers. By linking aromatic rings with transition metals, the resultant polymers should have good electrical conductivity because of the interaction of (a) the p electrons on …

Reactions Of Dicarbonyl Compounds With Wittig & Wittig-Horner Reagents, Sadiah Eltayeb Makky

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Henry's Law Constants In The Determination Of Factors That Influence Voc Concentration In Aqueous And Gaseous Phases In Wastewater Treatment Plant, Hui-Zhi Yu

Theses

This study focuses on the determination and comparison of Henry's law constant of eight selected volatile organic compounds in the wastewater of Linden Roselle Sewerage Authority (LRSA) wastewater treatment plant. The factors that influence the vapor-aqueous equilibrium were studied by calculating the Henry's law constants of the different species determined in the gas phase before and after the spiking of different aqueous media. Both centrifuged and uncentrifuged wastewater samples were studied, and compared to distilled water.

For wastewater sample with no suspended particles, the amount of organics in wastewater appears to influence the Henry's law constant for compounds with low …

Design Of Stable Di And Tetraradical Nitroxides As Magnetic Resonance Imaging Agents, Radha V. Iyer

Theses

Several nitroxides have been prepared in the Biotechnology Laboratory at NJIT to study their image enhancement capability. These nitroxides contain different moieties within one molecule and their paramagnetism is found to be initially increasing proportionally to the number of their radical centers. It is found that the addition of nitroxides at very close distances causes interference and a reduction of intensity due to the interaction of the two paramagnetic centers with each other. Thus MRI contrast agents are not improved by simple addition of nitroxide centers to a given molecule and drug designers must pay special attention to intramolecular spacing. …

The Removal Hcl From Hot Gases With Calcium Compounds, Qian Lao

Theses

The use of CaCO₃, Ca(OH)₂, and CaO as adsorbents for removal of HCl from hot gas streams is investigated through a series of experiments. The experiments are conducted to evaluate the influence of key parameters such as temperature, (500 K to 1000 K), particle size, (0.037 mm to 3.36 mm), pressure drop of the packed bed, (0.1 cm H₂O to 25.5 cm H₂O), and concentration of CCl in the feed gas, (1,550 ppm to 20,000 ppm), on HCl adsorption. The results of these experiments show that all three of the calcium compound …

Investigations Of Analytical Surfaces By Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Mark Anderson

Mark R. Anderson

No abstract is available at this time.

Evidence For Helical Structures In Poly(1-Olefin Sulfones) By Transmission Electron Microscopy, George C. Ruben, W H. Stockmayer

Dartmouth Scholarship

Transmission electron microscope images were obtained of fractions of poly(1-tetradecene sulfone) and poly(cyclohexene sulfone) cast from very dilute solutions (0.007%, wt/vol) and rapidly freeze-dried on a mica surface. The samples were then vertically platinum-carbon (Pt-C) replicated with 9 +/- 0.3-A Pt-C and held together with 128 A of electron-transparent evaporated carbon. The Pt-C coating enlarges the molecular chain diameters by approximately 5 A, so that a single polysulfone chain has an apparent diameter of 9-12 A in the transmission electron microscope. Poly(1-tetradecene sulfone) forms short helical regions that show irregular helical turns of pitch 7-18 A, two to eight turns …

Synthesis Of New Reagents For The Detection Of Fingerprints And Amino Acids, Bjorn Borup '92

Honors Projects

DFO (1,8-Diazafluoren-9-one) is a new reagent for the detection of latent fingerprints. It reacts with amino acids present in fingerprints to give a fluorescent product, and is an improvement over ninhydrin which has been used in forensic laboratories for years. The object of this work was to synthesize new analogs of ninhydrin and DFO. The preparation of 9-Hcyclopenta[1,2-b:3,4-b'] dipyrazine-9-one (A) was attempted but was not successful. Currently the synthesis of 7H-cyclopenta[b]pyridine-S,6,7-trione (B) is being completed. The compound 9H-cyclopenta[1,2-b]pyrazine[3,4b] pyridine-9-one (C) will then be made from (B), an analog of ninhydrin.

Photochemistry Of Nitrous Acid And Nitrite Ion, Jane A. Johnson '92

Honors Projects

A study of the solution phase photochemistry of the nitrous acid/nitrite ion system in both water and non-aqueous solvents has been undertaken. Photolysis at 366nm of the aqueous system is known to form hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide. The relative contributions of the molecular and ionic forms to the photochemical production of radicals is unknown. Scavenging reactions of the hydroxyl radicals in aqueous and nonaqueous solution are used to determine the relative production of OH. formed by photolysis of HONO and N02-. Molecular nitrous acid is isolated from its conjugate base by extraction into benzene from water. The thermal decomposition …

Analysis Of Carbon Across The Cenomanian-Turonian Boundary, Andrew J. Carr '92

Honors Projects

Following the work of Wolbach et al., who studied reduced carbon across the 65 Ma-old Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction boundary, a study was conducted to analyze reduced carbon across the 92 Ma-old Cenomanian-Turonian (C-T) extinction horizon, in the hope that evidence could be gathered which might support a particular mechanism for these extinction events. Currently two sample sites are being analyzed for reduced carbon content at the C-T boundary: Red Wash, New Mexico and Chispa Summit, Texas. Both sample sites are from the Western Interior Basin of North America. During the time of the extinctions 92 million years ago, the basin was …

Involvement Of Free Radicals In Peroxidatic Reactions Catalyzed By Chloroperoxidase, David P. Provencal

Senior Scholar Papers

The mechanism of chloroperoxidase (CPO)-catalyzed peroxidatic reactions of several substituted hydroquinones was studied at various hydrogen peroxide concentrations. The pathway was studied using cytochrome c as the radical trapping agent. As the hydroquinones became more hindered there was a difference in the amount of radicals trapped. For hydroquinone, 59.3% radical pathway, and methylhydroquinone, 81.4% radical, the difference in radicals trapped is due to a difference in pathway. For 2,3-dimethylhydroquinone (75.4%), trimethylhydroquinone (44.5%), and t-butylhydroquinone (0%) other non-peroxidatic reactions are noticed. Thus, for the more substituted hydroquinones the difference in radicals trapped can not be assigned to a difference in radical …

Isolation Of Protein Synthesis Initiation Factors Using Volvox Carteri: A Clue To The Translational Control Of Cytodifferentiation, Claudia Hackethal

Honors Theses

Volvox carteri, a multicellular green algae, possesses two distinct cell types--the gonidia and somatic cells. This simple germ-soma dichotomy is ideal for the study of the control of cytodifferentiation. The control of cytodifferentiation in this organism has been identified as a posttranscriptional mechanism, which suggests translation. Initiation factors have been shown to play an important role in controlling translation in many other developmental systems. Therefore, study of the initiation factors in Volvox may shed light on a translational control mechanism. In order to study any modifications of these factors, they must be isolated, possibly by following an adapted wheat germ …

The Development Of An Improved Extraction Method For The Determination Of Cocaine Metabolite In Human Urine, Leanne M. Nieukirk '92

Honors Projects

Benzoyl ecgonine (BE) is the primary metabolite of cocaine. Detection of BE in urine is therefore an indication of cocaine usage. The goal of this research is to improve the extraction efficiency in order to increase the sensitivity of the method of determining cocaine usage through urine analysis. A technique was developed to efficiently extract BE from aqueous solution. Ultraviolet/Visible Spectroscopy was used to determine the extraction conditions for which optimum extraction of BE into organic solvent occurred.

Solid State 13C Nmr And Thermal Analysis Of Conformational Motion And Disorder In Small And Large Molecules, Jinlong Cheng

Doctoral Dissertations

In this work it is attempted to explore the conformational motion and disorder through a large number of examples of molecular systems differing in shape, rigidity, and molecular weight: a series of tetra-n-alkylammonium bromides and iodides, a liquid-crystal-forming molecule, N,N'-bis(4-n-octyloxybenzal)-1,4-phenylenediamine (OOBPD), and polymers, poly[oxy-1,4-(3-methylphenylene)ethylene-1,4-phenyleneoxynonamethylene] (MBPE-9) and poly[oxy-1,4-(3-methylphenylene)ethylene-1,4-phenyleneoxypentamethylene] (MPBE-5). The techniques used to study the conformational motion and disorder are mainly solid state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and thermal analysis.

The results of this work show that conformational disordered states (condis crystals) exist indeed in these molecules containing flexible chemical bonds (single …