Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Analytical Pyrolysis Of Eastern Oil Shales, Lizbeth Sturgeon

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The Sunbury shale and the Cleveland member of the Ohio shale were studied utilizing the technique of analytical pyrolysis (pyrolysis gas chromatography). The effects of ceiling temperature, heating rate, and pyrolysis interval on the pyrolysis yield and relative product distribution for these eastern oil shales were observed. Carefully monitored pyrolysis of the shale allows separation of high and low volatile components and measurement of the relative peak areas in the pyrogram provides the yield of the high and low volatile fractions. Linear temperature ramps of 5000, 2000, and 100°C per second were employed. Ceiling temperatures of 450°C to 950°C and …

Kinetic & Spectral Studies Of Copper(Ii)-4,4',4",4'"-Tetrasulfophthalocyanine In Aqueous Solution, Stephen Scholl

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The monomer-dimer equilibrium of CuTSPC^4- was examined by spectral methods in aqueous solution over a total dye concentration of 2 x 10^-8M to 8 x 10^-7M at 24°C. The value obtained for the dimerization constant, KD,was 1.1 x 10⁷M^-1 which is smaller than literature values. However, the discrepancy is not appreciable considering the differences in the methods used and the experimental conditions of the different solutions. Spectral measurements of the dimerization constant were made at only one temperature since the spectral changes were quite small when the temperature was varied. This observation …

Kinetics And Mechanism Of Acylation Of Amines With 2-Naphthoyl Azide, Abraham L. Faburada

Dissertations

The reaction of 2-naphthoyl azide with primary and secondary amines in protic and aprotic solvents follows second-order kinetics. The effect of increasing solvent polarity is shown to increase the rate of reaction. For amines of similar basicity, the rate of reaction decreases with increasing steric hindrance on the amine. The changes in free energy and entropy of activation for n-butylamine and cyclohexylamine are in accord with steric requirements of amines. For amines of similar steric hindrance, the rate of reaction increases with increasing amine basicity. The mechanism of addition-elimination involving the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate is consistent with the …

Magnetic Moments Of 21+ States As A Probe Of The Effective Proton Boson Number Near The Z = 64 Subshell, A. Wolf, Z. Berant, D. D. Warner, R. L. Gill, M. Shmid, R. E. Chrien, Graham F. Peaslee, H. Yamamoto, John C. Hill, F. K. Wohn, C. Chung, W. B. Walters

Faculty Publications

The g-factors of the 21+ states in 144, 146Ba have been measured using the perturbed angular correlation method. The results are combined with existing experimental data for the neutron-rich Nd, Sm and Gd isotopes and discussed in the framework of the neutron proton interacting boson model. It is shown that the assumption of a drastic change in the effective proton boson number around N = 88, proposed in an earlier study, allows all the results to be explained in a simple framework involving constant values of the boson g-factors.

The Effects Of Various Chemical Treatments On The Surface Area Of Coals, Maria Margaret Ludvig

Dissertations and Theses

Surface areas of most American coals are small when measured by N₂ adsorption at 77 K and large when measured by CO₂ adsorption at 298 K, implying that the majority of the pores are less than 5 Å in diameter. This small pore size would restrict many gaseous and liquid reactants from entering the internal pore system of the coal, and hence, reduces the efficiency of coal conversion. Therefore, if the surface area, as measured by N₂ (77 K), could be increased, that is, to increase the pore size, the conversion of coal into useful products should …

A Four-Detector System For Γ - Γ Angular Correlation Studies, A. Wolf, C. Chung, W. B. Walters, Graham Peaslee, R. L. Gill, M. Shmid, V. Manzella, E. Meier, M. L. Stellts, H. I. Liou, R. E. Chrien, D. S. Brenner

Faculty Publications

A multiple detector system for γ - γ coincidence and angular correlation measurements is described. The system consists of four large coaxial Ge detectors set at fixed positions, enabling the measurement of γ - γ coincidences between any pair. Thus, six distinct angles are measured simultaneously. The performance of the system was studied with a 152Eu source. An application for γ - γ correlation studies in 146Ce is described. Systematic errors, if present, are shown to be less than 0.03 and 0.05 for A2 and A4, respectively. The extension of this system to more than four detectors is straightforward.

Density Functional Calculations For Liquid Metal Surfaces, Jerry Goodisman, M-L Rosinberg

Chemistry - All Scholarship

Various forms for the ion density profiles of Cs and Na have been tested in the density functional formalism. The large oscillations expected for Coulombic systems are largely suppressed by the pseudopotential. While oscillatory profiles give some improvement in surface tension, the values obtained are still about twice the experimental ones. It is concluded that the treatment of the pseudopotential or the gradient expansion of the functional is responsible for the unsatisfactory results obtained.

On Surface Properties Of The One-Component Plasma, M-L Rosinberg, J-P Badiali, Jerry Goodisman

Chemistry - All Scholarship

We consider a plasma of point ions in the presence of a non-uniform neutralising background. This background. the source of an external field, may have some of its parameters (density, form of surface profile, etc) modified, as long as the total charge is maintained. By considering such modifications in the context of the density-functional formalism for the ions, we prove sum rules giving the first and second moments of the ion density p(z) in terms of other properties (bulk pressure and temperature derivative of surface tension). The Poisson-Boltzmann functional is considered in detail. We show that the first and second …

General Correction For Electrode Sphericity In Voltammetry Of Nernstian Systems, Jerry Goodisman

Chemistry - All Scholarship

The current is considered at a stationary reversible spherical electrode whose potential E(t) as a function of time is given, such that E(t) determines the ratio of oxidized to reduced species at the electrode surface. Writing the current as that for planar geometry, I0, plus corrections for sphericity, we derive formulae for the corrections. The first two are expressed as integrals over I0, with no explicit dependence on the potential, for any form of E(t), and whether the reduced species diffuses into the electrode or into the solution. If the ratio of diffusion constants for oxidized and reduced species is …

A Rapid Affinity Chromatography Procedure For The Isolation Of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase From Human Erythrocytes, Chris Craney, M. Goffredo

Chris L. Craney

The isolation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from outdated human erythrocytes (type AB+) utilizing NADP+ affinity chromatography and gel-permeation chromatography (Bio-Gel P-150) yields a fully active, homogeneous preparation. The procedure is faster and gives a higher yield than previous reports.

Contribution Of The Metal To The Differential Capacity Of An Ideally Polarisable Electrode, Jerry Goodisman, Jean Paul Badiali, Martin Luc Rosinberg

Chemistry - All Scholarship

We consider the response of the metal in the ideally polarisable electrode to charging of the electrode, using a model for the metal surface in contact with the solvent of the electrolyte phase previously presented by us in this journal. We show that the effect of the solvent on the electrons of the metal cannot be considered to be simply that of a repulsive barrier. When the electrode charge varies, qM(dip), the metal contribution to the double layer, is modified, implying a contribution which varies along the electrocapillary curve. By considering an electrostatic interaction between metal and solvent, we find …

Preliminary Rovibrational Analysis Of The Nν6+Ν1−Nν6 Vibration In Hcn⋅⋅⋅Hf, E. Kyrö, K. Mcmillan, M. Eliades, D. Danzeiser, P. Shoja-Chaghervand, Shannon Lieb, J. W. Bevan

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

A preliminary rotation‐vibration analysis of the n=0 and n=1 subbands associated with the nν₆+ν₁−nν₆ hydrogen‐bonded vibration in HCN⋅⋅⋅HF has been completed. The following excited staterotational constantsB′ and band origin frequencies ν₀ have been determined for the complex. The results are consistent with a rotation‐vibration interaction constant α₁=−68.3±1 MHz which correlates with an excited stater(N⋅⋅⋅F) internuclear distance of 2.762 Å, a decrease of 0.034 Å relative to the ground state.Excited state lifetimes associated with assigned transitions are demonstrated to be …

Fluorine, Richard H. Langley, Larry Welch

Faculty Publications

Considering the long time in which fluorine compounds have been used it seems rather surprising that it was not isolated as an element until 1886. This long delay was not due to lack of effort, but to the reactivity of fluorine and the hazards of working with it and many of its compounds.

Xanes In (Tmtsef)2re04: Polarization Dependence Of The Se K-Edge, Juana Vivó Acrivos, S.S. P. Parkin

Faculty Publications, Chemistry

We have measured XANES (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectra) near the Re Li (i=l,II,III) edges in (TMTTF)2Re04 and (TMTSeF) 2Re04 and the Se K edge in the latter compound. An important dependence of the XANES at the Se K edge on the polarisation of the incident beam with respect to the crystal axes was observed, whose interpretation can give information on the symmetry of the unoccupied conduction band states. The positions of the Re L edges were compared with those in several inorganic compounds containing Re in various oxidation states, and were found to be, within experimental error, the same …

Xanes In (Tmtsef)2re04: Polarization Dependence Of The Se K-Edge, Juana Vivó Acrivos, S.S. P. Parkin

Juana Vivó Acrivos

We have measured XANES (X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectra) near the Re Li (i=l,II,III) edges in (TMTTF)2Re04 and (TMTSeF) 2Re04 and the Se K edge in the latter compound. An important dependence of the XANES at the Se K edge on the polarisation of the incident beam with respect to the crystal axes was observed, whose interpretation can give information on the symmetry of the unoccupied conduction band states. The positions of the Re L edges were compared with those in several inorganic compounds containing Re in various oxidation states, and were found to be, within experimental error, the same …

Metal Ion Oxidative Decarboxylations. 13.¹ Kinetics And Mechanisms Of The Oxidation Of N-Benzyliminodiacetic Acid With Cerium(Iv) In Acidic Perchlorate And Acidic Sulfate Media2, Samir B. Hanna, Marilyn E. Moehlenkamp

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Ce(IV)-mediated decarboxylation of N-benzyliminodiacetic acid (BIDA) produces benzaldehyde, formaldehyde, dimethylamine, benzylmethylamine, and N-benzylglycine in acidic perchlorate and acidic sulfate media. Spectrophotometric evidence of an intermediate Ce(IV)-BIDA complex is given. The data may be interpreted in terms of a mechanism which involves sequential reactions, the first of which is a reversible reaction: BIDA + Ce(IV) (k1) ⇄ (k-1) complex (k2) → products. The rapid complex formation is followed by a slower oxidative decomposition to give a free radical capable of inducing free-radical polymerization. The free radical reacts rapidly with another Ce(IV) to give an iminium ion which undergoes either hydrolysis …

Cerebral Embolism In The Michael Reese Stroke Registry, L. R. Caplan, D. (Daniel) B. Hier, I. D'Cruz

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Infarction Secondary to Cerebral Embolism Was Diagnosed in 127 (23.5%) of 540 Patients in the Michael Reese Stroke Registry. Coronary Artery Disease, Atrial Fibrillation, Valvular Heart Disease, Mitral Annulus Calcification, and Cardiomyopathy Were the Commonest Etiologies. Echocardiography Documented a Potential Embolic Source in 7 Patients Without Previously Known Heart Disease and Clarified the Cardiac Pathology in Many of the Patients with Known Heart Disease. the Left Anterior Circulation Was Affected in 48%, Right Anterior in 37%, and Posterior Circulation in 15% of patients. CT Was Abnormal in 71% of the Patients and Was Approximately Equally Helpful in All Locations. Nineteen …

Evaluation Of A New Silicone-Methane Polymer Contact Lens, Jeffrey E. Koziol, Gholam A. Peyman, Hirotsuga Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new gas permeable contact lens is produced using a solid silicone core and a plasma polymer surface. This surface is hydrophilic and impermeable to macromolecules. The surface characteristics of this lens were compared with the surface characteristics of available silicone contact lenses. We found that in contrast to our lens, the silicone contact lenses lost their hydrophilic surface with time. In addition, they are permeable to lipid dyes, eg, Sudan red. © 1983 Arch Ophthalmol All rights reserved.

Chemistry, Norman Kulevsky

UND Departmental Histories

This departmental history was written on the occasion of the UND Centennial in 1983.

Microcomputer-Assisted Colorimetric Determination Of Iron, A. M. Hoyt Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Intermolecular Interactions For Phosphatidyl Choline And Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine, Tony Flaim, Stig Friberg, Patricia L.M. Plummer

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Intermolecular interaction between pairs of methylphosphocholine (MPC) and methylphosphoethanolamine were calculated using an extended CNDO/2 program. Experimentally determined conformations were used for the ethanolamine and choline groups. In the methylphosphocholine the major interaction was intramolecular, involving the phosphate ester-choline groups, while in the ethanolamine the maximum attraction was intermolecular between the ethanolamine and the phophate ester of a neighboring molecule(s). © 1983.

Use Of Hydroelectric Dams To Control Evaporation And Salinity In The Colorado River System, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

The main stem reservoirs on the Colorado River comprise one of the largest and most heavily used freshwater bodies in the nation. These reservoirs (Lake Powell, Lake Mead, Lake Mohave and Lake Havasu) can store up to 53,590,400 acre-feet of water at their maximum capacities. Nonetheless, local water shortages still exist in some areas of the Colorado River Basin. There is also concern that salt concentrations are approaching levels that could severely affect municipal and agricultural uses. Water shortages will become even more acute as demands for water increase with continued urban and agricultural development in the basin.

Water conservation …

The Effects Of Impoundments On Salinity In The Colorado River, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker

Publications (WR)

The increase in salinity of our western rivers has been identified as one of the most serious water quality problems in the nation. This is of special concern in the Colorado River where salinity has increased from pristine levels estimated at 380 mg/1 to present-day levels of 825 mg/1 at Imperial Dam. Flow depletions, associated with decreased runoff and increased evaporation and diversions, coupled with high salt loading from natural and man-created sources are considered the primary causes for rising salinity in the river. The urban and agricultural development projected to occur in the basin through this century could deplete …

Preparation Of 2,5-Diaryl-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles, Joachim D. Dobe

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This report regards the research conducted in the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles as potential insecticides which are closely related to the known insecticide DOWCO 416^R, 2,5-bis(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole. The following compounds were synthesized: 2-(2,4-dichloro-5-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, (2-(2,4-dichloro-5-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-(2,4-dichloro-5-aminophenyl)-5-aminophenyl)-5-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole and 2-(2,4-dichloro-5-aminophenyl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole.

From the commercially available starting material, 2, 4-dichlorobenzoic acid, preparation of the above compounds involved nitration, reduction, esterification, preparation of monoacylhydrazines, preparation of substituted diacylhydrazines and preparation of 2, 5-disubstituted-1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles. All these compounds were characterized via NMR and infrared spectroscopy. In addition, this report includes discussion and recommendations concerning the experimental procedures and conditions for the preparation of these compounds.

A Statistical Interpretation Of The Rotational Temperature Of No Desorbed For Ru(001), Stephen E. Bialkowski

Stephen E. Bialkowski

A simple model of the rotational state of NO prior to thermal desorption from Ru(001) surface is developed in terms of the rotational heat capacity. The predicted rotational temperature of the desorbed species is consistent with known data on this system. The model is extended to predict translational energy anisotropy in the desorbed NO.

The Phosphacylium Ion: Evidence For Its Existence As An Intermediate In Reactions Of Organophosphates, Thomas D. Matus

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Prior to this work, no strong evidence existed which unequivocably proved the existence of phosphacylium ions as intermediates in reactions of this type. It is the object of this study to look into nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus, and the intermediates of these possible dissociative type reactions.

Solvolysis Of 1-T-Butylvinyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate, Barbara L. Gross

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Thermal Decomposition Kinetics Of Iodine‐Doped Polyacetylene In Vacuum, J. ‐E Osterholm, H. Yasuda, L. L. Levenson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The thermal stability of iodine‐doped polyacetylene films, (CHIy)x, has been studied by means of electrical conductivity measurements, measurements on weight loss, and mass spectrometric analysis of desorbing species. When heated between room temperature and 125°C in vacuum, these films proved to be of poor thermal stability, being unstable at temperatures above 20°C. During the thermal treatments, molecular iodine desorbs from the films, resulting in an appreciable dopant weight loss with accompanying decrease in the electrical conductivity. The decomposition process does not follow simple kinetics. Copyright © 1983 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Synthesis Gas Conversion With Zs M-5 Supported Ruthenium Catalysts, Robin Elizabeth Young Eaton

Theses and Dissertations

Some bifunctional ZSM-5 supported ruthenium catalysts (Ru/ ZSM-5) were prepared by an extraction technique employing Ru ₃(C0)₁₂ • The weight percentage Ru ranged from approximately 1% to 8% Ru as determined by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Characterization data employing Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Powder Diffractometry (XRPD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS/ESCA), Ion-Scattering Spectrometry (ISS) and Chemisorption were obtained for the catalysts. The data indicated the presence of highly dispersed Ruo₂ particles of less than 60 A on the surface of the as-prepared (AP) catalysts. Calcination of the AP catalysts at 500°C for 24 h increased the particle size of …

Role Of D Functions In Ab Initio Calculation Of The Equilibrium Structure Of H2s–Hf, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Full geometry optimizations are performed to determine the equilibrium geometry of the hydrogen‐bonded complex H₂S–HF. The angle between the plane of the H₂S moiety and the H‐bond axis calculated with the 4–31 G basis set is 106° as compared to the experimental value of 91±5°. This quantity is reduced significantly when d orbitals are added to the basis set, yielding an angle within experimental error of 91°. (AIP)