Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Language Support For Morton-Order Matrices, David S. Wise, Gregory A. Alexander, Jeremy D. Frens

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

The uniform representation of 2-dimensional arrays serially in Morton order (or Ee Cyrillic sign order) supports both their iterative scan with cartesian indices and their divide-and-conquer manipulation as quaternary trees. This data structure is important because it relaxes serious problems of locality and latency, and the tree helps to schedule multi-processing. Results here show how it facilitates algorithms that avoid cache misses and page faults at all levels in hierarchical memory, independently of a specific runtime environment. We have built a rudimentary C-to-C translator that implements matrices in Morton-order from source that presumes a row-major implementation. Early performance from LAPACK's …

Application Of The Genetic Algorithm To An Ecological Simulation, William J. Seufzer

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

A computational framework is built and demonstrated which is capable of testing plant growth strategies. The framework consists of Vgrass, a carbon based simulation model of a single Zostera marina plant, and the genetic algorithm (GA). Vgrass is based on published seagrass models, published photosynthetic data, and general plant physiology information. The model grows individual leaves whose initiation times are based on degree-day intervals. Leaf size is computed and combined with shoot density to compute population self shading. Leaf length is an emergent property since leaf growth is limited by light attenuation caused by self shading. The model is able …

External Memory Algorithms For Factoring Sparse Matrices, Florin Dobrian

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

We consider the factorization of sparse symmetric matrices in the context of a two-layer storage system: disk/core. When the core is sufficiently large the factorization can be performed in-core. In this case we must read the input, compute, and write the output, in this sequence. On the other hand, when the core is not large enough, the factorization becomes out-of-core, which means that data movement and computation must be interleaved.

We identify two major out-of-core factorization scenarios: read-once/write-once (R1/W1) and read-many/write-many (RM/WM). The former requires minimum traffic, exactly as much as the in-core factorization: reading the input and writing the …

Perceptual Cues And Subjective Organization In A Virtual Information Workspace, Todd M. Eischeid

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The key to effectively using the immense body of data on the Internet is an efficient method of organizing relevant information. Researchers and designers are beginning to promote the advantages of three-dimensional (3D) models of information storage and retrieval; however, the potential benefits of perceptual depth cues have not been systematically studied.

The present study used a computer task to examine the effectiveness of three types of virtual desktops. A two-dimensional (2D) virtual desktop display, lacking in the cues that give the illusion of depth, was compared to two different 3D virtual desktops, both of which used perceptual cues to …

New Sequential And Scalable Parallel Algorithms For Incomplete Factor Preconditioning, David A. Hysom

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

The solution of large, sparse, linear systems of equations Ax = b is an important kernel, and the dominant term with regard to execution time, in many applications in scientific computing. The large size of the systems of equations being solved currently (millions of unknowns and equations) requires iterative solvers on parallel computers. Preconditioning, which is the process of translating a linear system into a related system that is easier to solve, is widely used to reduce solution time and is sometimes required to ensure convergence. Level-based preconditioning (ILU(ℓ)) has long been used in serial contexts and is widely recognized …

Broadcast Distributed Shared Memory, Philip Ragner Auld

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Distributed shared memory (DSM) provides the illusion of shared memory processing to programs running on physically distributed systems. Many of these systems are connected by a broadcast medium network such as Ethernet. In this thesis, we develop a weakly coherent model for DSM that takes advantage of hardware-level broadcast. We define the broadcast DSM model (BDSM) to provide fine-grained sharing of user-defined locations. Additionally, since extremely weak DSM models are difficult to program, BDSM provides effective synchronization operations that allow it to function as a stronger memory. We show speedup results for a test suite of parallel programs and compare …

A Framework For Performance And Value Assessment Of E-Business Systems In Corporate Travel Distribution, A.M. Chircu, Robert J. Kauffman

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This chapter proposes and illustrates a framework that the authors call the value life cycle for e-commerce systems. Based on recent research results that relate to technology investments in the corporate travel industry and related theoretical and empirical perspectives, the authors lay out the corporate travel e-commerce system solutions value life cycle. The perspective involves estimating the maximum value that that an organization can obtain by implementing an e-commerce system in a specific industry and competitive environment. It also considers multiple factors that act as value contingencies for the implementation process. These create barriers to value accrual and to …

Unified Modeling Language: A Complexity Analysis, Keng Siau, Q. Cao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Unified Modeling Language (UML) is the standard visual modeling language for Object Oriented (OO) systems development, but it has been criticized for its complexity, inconsistent semantics, and ambiguous constructs. A set of complexity indices for UML and the nine diagramming techniques in UML was compiled recently. The complexity analysis is formulated based on the number of constructs, associations, roles, and so forth, in a modeling method. We argue that this set of metrics provides an indication of the theoretical complexity of the modeling methods. On the other hand, the theoretical complexity of the modeling methods does not necessarily relate to …

Does Sei Level 5 Lead To High Quality Software, Robert Yacobellis

Robert H Yacobellis

No abstract provided.

Configuring Client Software Using Remote Notification Us:6219698, Robert Iannucci, Chris Weikart

Robert A Iannucci

No abstract provided.

Distinguishing Natural Language Processes On The Basis Of Fmri-Measured Brain Activation, Francisco Pereira, Marcel Just, Tom Mitchell

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Metafam: A Unified Classification Of Protein Families. Ii. Schema And Query Capabilities, Elizabeth Shoop, K. Silverstein, Et Al

Elizabeth Shoop

No abstract provided.

Mental Rotation Of Objects Retrieved From Memory: An Fmri Study Of Spatial Processing, Marcel Just, Patricia Carpenter, Mandy Maguire, Vaibhav Diwadkar, Stephanie Mcmains

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Metafam: A Unified Classification Of Protein Families I. Overview And Statistics, Elizabeth Shoop, K. Silverstein, Et Al

Elizabeth Shoop

No abstract provided.

The Metafam Server: A Comprehensive Protein Family Resource, Elizabeth Shoop, K. Silverstein, Et Al

Elizabeth Shoop

No abstract provided.

Interdependence Of Non-Overlapping Cortical Systems In Dual Cognitive Tasks, Marcel Adam Just, Patricia A. Carpenter, Timothy A. Keller, Lisa Emery, Holly Zajac, Keith R. Thulborn

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Oral History Interview With Edsger W. Dijkstra, Philip L. Frana

Philip L Frana

In this oral history Edsger Dijkstra recounts his early education and training as a theoretical physicist and as a'programmer'. Dijkstra describes his work developing software, and his activities at several early information processing conferences. Dijkstra also discourses on the development of ALGOL 60 and the origins of computing science in Europe and America.

A Binary Entropy Measure To Assess Nonrigid Registration Algorithms, Simon K. Warfield, Jan Rexilius, Petra S. Huppi, Terrie E. Inder, Erik G. Learned-Miller, William M. Wells Iii, Gary P. Zientara, Ferenc A. Jolesz, Ron Kikinis

Erik G Learned-Miller

Assessment of normal and abnormal anatomical variability requires a coordinate system enabling inter-subject comparison. We present a binary minimum entropy criterion to assess affine and nonrigid transformations bringing a group of subject scans into alignment. This measure is a data-driven measure allowing the identification of an intrinsic coordinate system of a particular group of subjects. We assessed two statistical atlases derived from magnetic resonance imaging of newborn infants with gestational age ranging from 24 to 40 weeks. Over this age range major structural changes occur in the human brain and existing atlases are inadequate to capture the resulting anatomical variability. …

Color Eigenflows : Statistical Modeling Of Joint Color Changes, Erik G. Learned-Miller, Kinh Tieu

Erik G Learned-Miller

We develop a linear model of commonly observed joint color changes in images due to variation in lighting and certain non-geometric camera parameters. This is done by observing how all of the colors are mapped between two images of the same scene under various “real-world” lighting changes. We represent each instance of such a joint color mapping as a 3-D vector field in RGB color space. We show that the variance in these maps is well represented by a low dimensional linear subspace of these vector fields. We dub the principal components of this space the color eigenflows. When applied …

An Intrinsic Coordinate System Of The Developing Human Brain, Simon K. Warfield, Petra S. Huppi, Terrie E. Inder, Erik G. Learned-Miller, William M. Wells Iii, Gary P. Zientara, Ferenc A. Jolesz, Ron Kikinis

Erik G Learned-Miller

No abstract provided.

A Service Paradigm For Reconfigurable Agents, Gary Holness, Deepak Karuppiah, Subramanya Uppala, Roderic Grupen, S. Chandu Ravela

Roderic Grupen

Applications of multiple processors embedded in the systems involved with entertainment, informatics, climate control, communication, transportation, and food preparation are already commonplace. A network of these embedded processors presents application development challenges since the state space grows exponentially as new devices attach to the network. The programming model for such systems will need to change if reliable systems are to be realized. By observing information about sensorimotor activity, such systems can gather information useful to programming the network. Through such interaction, a network can build hierarchies of shareable computational structures for representing various activities. This application domain presents additional challenges …

Lighting Invariance Through Joint Color Change Models, Erik G. Learned-Miller, Kinh Tieu, Eric Grimson

Erik G Learned-Miller

In [9], we introduced a linear statistical model of joint color changes in images due to variation in lighting and certain non-geometric camera parameters. We did this by measuring the mappings of colors in one image of a scene to colors in another image of the same scene under different lighting conditions. In this paper, we extend our model in several ways and examine its applicability to several important problems in machine vision. The extensions to our model include incorporating a model of image noise and a prior on the color flows used to explain a particular image difference. In …

The Neural Bases Of Sentence Comprehension: A Fmri Examination Of Syntactic And Lexical Processing, Timothy A. Keller, Patricia A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

An Fmri Investigation Of Sentence Comprehension By Eye And By Ear: Modality Fingerprints On Cognitive Processes, Erica B. Michael, Timothy A. Keller, Patricia A. Carpenter, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Modeling Score Distributions For Combining The Outputs Of Search Engines, R. Manmatha, T. Rath, F. Feng

R. Manmatha

In this paper the score distributions of a number of text search engines are modeled. It is shown empirically that the score distributions on a per query basis may be fitted using an exponential distribution for the set of non-relevant documents and a normal distribution for the set of relevant documents. Experiments show that this model fits TREC-3 and TREC-4 data for not only probabilistic search engines like INQUERY but also vector space search engines like SMART for English. We have also used this model to fit the output of other search engines like LSI search engines and search engines …

Teacher’S Stages Of Development In Using Visualization Tools For Inquiry-Based Science: The Case Of Project Vism, M. Charles, Robert A. Kolvoord

Robert A Kolvoord

No abstract provided.

Learning Object-Independent Modes Of Variation With Feature Flow Fields, Erik G. Learned-Miller, Kinh Tieu, Chris Stauffer

Erik G Learned-Miller

We present a unifying framework in which object-independent modes of variation are learned from continuous-time data such as video sequences. These modes of variation can be used as generators to produce a manifold of images of a new object from a single example of that object. We develop the framework in the context of a well-known example: analyzing the modes of spatial deformations of a scene under camera movement. Our method learns a close approximation to the standard affine deformations that are expected from the geometry of the situation, and does so in a completely unsupervised (i.e. ignorant of the …

Seaway: A Multi-Agent Decision-Support System For Naval Expeditionary Logistic Operations, Anthony Wood, Kym Jason Pohl, Justin Crawford, Mark Lai, John Fanshier, Ken Cudworth, Tom Tate, Hisham Assal, Shawn Pan, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

This report describes work performed by CDM Technologies Inc. in conjunction with the Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center of California Polytechnic State University (Cal Poly), San Luis Obispo, for the Office of Naval Research (ONR), on the SEAWAY experimental system for planning, gaming and executing maritime logistic operations from a sea base. SEAWAY incorporates three fundamental concepts that distinguish it from existing (i.e., legacy) command and control applications. First, it is a collaborative system in which computer-based agents assist human operators by monitoring, analyzing and reasoning about events in near real-time. Second, SEAWAY includes an ontological model of the …

Bayes Optimal Metasearch: A Probabilistic Model For Combining The Results Of Multiple Retrieval Systems, Javed A. Aslam, Mark Montague

Computer Science Technical Reports

We introduce a new, probabilistic model for combining the outputs of an arbitrary number of query retrieval systems. By gathering simple statistics on the average performance of a given set of query retrieval systems, we construct a Bayes optimal mechanism for combining the outputs of these systems. Our construction yields a metasearch strategy whose empirical performance nearly always exceeds the performance of any of the constituent systems. Our construction is also robust in the sense that if ``good'' and ``bad'' systems are combined, the performance of the composite is still on par with, or exceeds, that of the best constituent …

Reconstructing Ancient Egyptian Tombs, Hany Farid

Computer Science Technical Reports

From the pyramids of Giza to the tombs of Thebes (modern Luxor), ancient Egypt's glorious history has produced remarkable architecture. Sadly, the nearly four million yearly tourists have taken a heavy toll on many of these ancient structures. Of particular concern are many of the tombs located opposite to Luxor on the western bank of the Nile. Digital reconstruction of these tombs has the potential to help document and preserve these important historical structures. Photographing and reconstruction of these tombs poses new and unique problems that this paper begins to address. Techniques for removing image distortions, recovering 3-D shape, and …