Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Scalable Web Server Clustering Technologies, Trevor Schroeder, Steve Goddard, Byrav Ramamurthy

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

The exponential growth of the Internet, coupled with the increasing popularity of dynamically generated content on the World Wide Web, has created the need for more and faster Web servers capable of serving the over 100 million Internet users. Server clustering has emerged as a promising technique to build scalable Web servers. In this article we examine the seminal work, early products, and a sample of contemporary commercial offerings in the field of transparent Web server clustering. We broadly classify transparent server clustering into three categories.

Equity Of Access: Adaptive Technology, Frances Grodzinsky

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

In this age of information technology, it is morally imperative that equal access to information via computer systems be afforded to people with disabilities. This paper addresses the problems that computer technology poses for students with disabilities and discusses what is needed to ensure equity of access, particularly in a university environment.

Learning Languages And Functions By Erasing, Sanjay Jain, Efim Kinber, Steffen Lange, Rolf Wiehagen, Thomas Zeugmann

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

Learning by erasing means the process of eliminating potential hypotheses from further consideration thereby converging to the least hypothesis never eliminated. This hypothesis must be a solution to the actual learning problem. The capabilities of learning by erasing are investigated in relation to two factors: the choice of the overall hypothesis space itself and what sets of hypotheses must or may be erased. These learning capabilities are studied for two fundamental kinds of objects to be learned, namely languages and functions. For learning languages by erasing, the case of learning indexed families is investigated. A complete picture of all separations …

On-Line Bayesian Speaker Adaptation By Using Tree-Structured Transformation And Robust Priors, Shaojun Wang, Yunxin Zhao

Kno.e.sis Publications

This paper presents new results by using our previously proposed on-line Bayesian learning approach for affine transformation parameter estimation in speaker adaptation. The on-line Bayesian learning technique allows updating parameter estimates after each utterance and it can accommodate flexible forms of transformation functions as well as prior probability density functions. We show through experimental results the robustness of heavy tailed priors to mismatch in prior density estimation. We also show that by properly choosing the transformation matrices and depths of hierarchical trees, recognition performance improved significantly.

An Improved Algorithm For Translating Relational Schemas Into An Object Model, Joseph C. Pearson

Theses and Dissertations

Today's war fighter is inundated with data from numerous Command, Control, Communications and Computers and Intelligence systems. Integration of these systems is desirable, yet integration results in a static solution to a dynamic problem-by the time a global schema can be devised, it is out of date. Automating schema integration will mitigate this problem, but data model disparity must be addressed via translation to a common data model prior to integration. To address this requirement, this thesis presents an improved, relational to object-oriented schema translation algorithm, which is derived from a base algorithm proposed by another research effort. The improved …

Some Applications Of The Ultrapower Theorem To The Theory Of Compacta, Paul Bankston

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

The ultrapower theorem of Keisler and Shelah allows such model-theoretic notions as elementary equivalence, elementary embedding and existential embedding to be couched in the language of categories (limits, morphism diagrams). This in turn allows analogs of these (and related) notions to be transported into unusual settings, chiefly those of Banach spaces and of compacta. Our interest here is the enrichment of the theory of compacta, especially the theory of continua, brought about by the importation of model-theoretic ideas and techniques.

Wright State University College Of Engineering And Computer Science Bits And Pcs Newsletter, Volume 16, Number 6, June 2000, College Of Engineering And Computer Science, Wright State University

BITs and PCs Newsletter

A fourteen page newsletter created by the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science that addresses the current affairs of the college.

Re-Engineering Structures From Web Documents, Moh Chuang Hue, Ee Peng Lim, Wee-Keong Ng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

To realize a wide range of applications (including digital libraries) on the Web, a more structured way of accessing the Web is required and such requirement can be facilitated by the use of XML standard. In this paper, we propose a general framework for reverse engineering (or re-engineering) the underlying structures i.e.,the DTD from a collection of similarly structured XML documents when they share some common but unknown DTDs. The essential data structures and algorithms for the DTD generation have been delveloped and experiments on real Web collections have been conducted to demonstrate their feasibilty. In addition, we also proposed …

Multicast Internet Protocol, X. K. Wang, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we first review the existing IPv4 based multicast protocols and identify their shortcomings. We then proposed a new multicast protocol, called Multicast Internet Protocol (MIP), which is both scalable and flexible. The design principle of MIP is fundamentally different from the existing IPv4 based multicast protocols. The issues related to MIP routing and implementations are also studied in this paper.

Depth From Flash, David B. Martin

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

Digital camera technology has recently seen substantial improvements in image quality while lower prices have made it affordable to the average consumer. Camera manufacturers, however, are not taking full advantage of this new medium for image capture. By filtering the already digitized image produced by these cameras through on-board image processing algorithms we can dramatically increase the power of digital cameras. For example, according to experts in the photographic industry, most people simply take bad pictures. Classic examples of this phenomenon are photographs taken indoors with a point-and-shoot style camera using its built-in flash. The subjects of these photographs often …

Motion Characterization By Temporal Slices Analysis, Chong-Wah Ngo, Ting-Chuen Pong, Hong-Jiang Zhang, Roland T. Chin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper describes an approach to characterize camera and object motions based on the analysis of spatio temporal image volumes. In the spatio-temporal slices of image volumes, motion is depicted as oriented patterns. We propose a tensor histogram computation algorithm to represent these oriented patterns. The motion trajectories in a histogram are tracked to describe both the camera and object motions. In addition, we exploit the similarity of the temporal slices in a volume to reliably partition a volume into motion tractable units.

Sisl: Several Interfaces, Single Logic, Thomas Ball, Christopher P. Colby, Peter Danielsen, Lalita Jategaonkar Jagadeesan, Radhakrishnan Jagadeesan, Konstantin Laufer, Peter Mataga, Kenneth Rehor

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Modern interactive services such as information and e-commerce services are becoming increasingly more flexible in the types of user interfaces they support. These interfaces incorporate automatic speech recognition and natural language understanding, and include graphical user interfaces on the desktop and web-based interfaces using applets and HTML forms. To what extent can the user interface software be decoupled from the service logic software (the code that defines the essential function of a service)? Decoupling of user interface from service logic directly impacts the flexibility of services, or, how easy they are to modify and extend. To explore these issues, we …

Aspects Of Information Flow, Andrew P. Black, Jonathan Walpole

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Along with our colleagues at the Oregon Graduate Institute and Georgia Institute of Technology, we have recently been experimenting with real-rate systems, that is, systems that are required to move data from one place to another at defined rates, such as 30 items per second. Audio conferencing or streaming video systems are typical: they are required to deliver video or audio frames from a source (a server or file system) in one place to a sink (a display or a sound generator) in another; the frames must arrive periodically, with constrained latency and jitter. We have successfully built such systems …

Intelligent Selection Tools, William A. Barrett, Eric N. Mortensen, L. Jack Reese

Faculty Publications

Intelligent Scissors and Intelligent Paint are complementary interactive image segmentation tools that allow a user to quickly and accurately select objects of interest. This demonstration provides a means for participants to experience the dynamic nature of these tools.

Dtd-Miner: A Tool For Mining Dtds From Xml Documents, Moh Chuang Hue, Ee Peng Lim, Wee-Keong Ng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

XML documents are semistructured and the structure of the documents is embedded in the tags. Although XML documents can be accompanied by a DTD that defines the structure of the documents, the presence of a DTD is not mandatory. The difficulty in deriving the DTD for XML documents lies in the fact that DTDs are of different syntax as XML and that prior knowledge of the structure of the documents is required. In this paper, we introduce DTD-Miner, an automatic structure-mining tool for XML documents. Using a Web-based interface, the user will be able to submit a set of similarly …

The Complexity Of Decentralized Control Of Markov Decision Processes, Daniel S. Bernstein, Shlolo Zilberstein, Neil Immerman

Neil Immerman

Planning for distributed agents with partial state information is considered from a decisiontheoretic perspective. We describe generalizations of both the MDP and POMDP models that allow for decentralized control. For even a small number of agents, the finite-horizon problems corresponding to both of our models are complete for nondeterministic exponential time. These complexity results illustrate a fundamental difference between centralized and decentralized control of Markov processes. In contrast to the MDP and POMDP problems, the problems we consider provably do not admit polynomialtime algorithms and most likely require doubly exponential time to solve in the worst case. We have thus …

Study Of Architecture And Protocols For Reliable Multicasting In Packet Switching Networks, Shiwen Chen

Dissertations

Group multicast protocols have been challenged to provide scalable solutions that meet the following requirements: (i) reliable delivery from different sources to all destinations within a multicast group; (ii) congestion control among multiple asynchronous sources. Although it is mainly a transport layer task, reliable group multicasting depends on routing architectures as well.

This dissertation covers issues of both network and transport layers. Two routing architectures, tree and ring, are surveyed with a comparative study of their routing costs and impact to upper layer performances. Correspondingly, two generic transport protocol models are established for performance study. The tree-based protocol is rate-based …

Genetically Evolved Dynamic Control For Quadruped Walking, Giorgio Grasso

Dissertations

The aim of this dissertation is to show that dynamic control of quadruped locomotion is achievable through the use of genetically evolved central pattern generators. This strategy is tested both in simulation and on a walking robot. The design of the walker has been chosen to be statically unstable, so that during motion less than three supporting feet may be in contact with the ground.

The control strategy adopted is capable of propelling the artificial walker at a forward locomotion speed of ~1.5 Km/h on rugged terrain and provides for stability of motion. The learning of walking, based on simulated …

A Meta-Semantic Language For Smart Component-Adapters, Leon K. Jololian

Dissertations

The issues confronting the software development community today are significantly different from the problems it faced only a decade ago. Advances in software development tools and technologies during the last two decades have greatly enhanced the ability to leverage large amounts of software for creating new applications through the reuse of software libraries and application frameworks. The problems facing organizations today are increasingly focused around systems integration and the creation of information flows.

Software modeling based on the assembly of reusable components to support software development has not been successfully implemented on a wide scale. Several models for reusable software …

Component-Based Software Engineering, Zhiyuan Wang

Dissertations

To solve the problems coming with the current software development methodologies, component-based software engineering has caught many researchers' attention recently. In component-based software engineering, a software system is considered as a set of software components assembled together instead of as a set of functions from the traditional perspective. Software components can be bought from third party vendors as off-the-shelf components and be assembled together.

Component-based software engineering, though very promising, needs to solve several core issues before it becomes a mature software development strategy. The goal of this dissertation is to establish an infrastructure for component-based software development. The author …

Applications Of Agent Architectures To Decision Support In Distributed Simulation And Training Systems, Plamen V. Petrov

Dissertations

This work develops the approach and presents the results of a new model for applying intelligent agents to complex distributed interactive simulation for command and control. In the framework of tactical command, control communications, computers and intelligence (C₄I), software agents provide a novel approach for efficient decision support and distributed interactive mission training. An agent-based architecture for decision support is designed, implemented and is applied in a distributed interactive simulation to significantly enhance the command and control training during simulated exercises. The architecture is based on monitoring, evaluation, and advice agents, which cooperate to provide alternatives to the …

Universal Access In Digital Libraries, Igg Adiwijaya

Theses

Digital libraries are concerned with the creation and management of information sources, the movement of information across global networks and the effective use of this information by a wide range of users. A digital library is a vast collection of obj ects that are of multimedia nature, e.g., text, video, images, and audio. Users wishing to access the digital library objects may possess varying capabilities, preferences, domain expertise, and may use different information appliances. With the phenomenal growth of the Internet, the number of different information appliances will, if not already, increase substantially in the near future. Facilitating access to …

Development And Characterization Of Techniques For Neuro-Imaging Registration, Carlo Ciulla

Theses

Three automated techniques were developed for the alignment of Neuro-Images acquired during distinct scanning periods and their performance were characterized. The techniques are based on the assumption that the human brain is a rigid body and will assume different positions during different scanning periods. One technique uses three fiducial markers, while the other two uses eigenvectors of the inertia matrix of the Neuro-Image, to compute the three angles (pitch, yaw and roll) needed to register the test Neuro-Image to the reference Neuro-Image. A rigid body transformation is computed and applied to the test Neuro-Image such that it results aligned to …

Effect Of Carbopol And Polyvinylpyrrolidone On The Mechanical, Rheological, And Release Properties Of Bioadhesive Polyethylene Glycol Gels, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Naming And Sharing Resources Across Administrative Boundaries, Jonathan R. Howell

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

I tackle the problem of naming and sharing resources across administrative boundaries. Conventional systems manifest the hierarchy of typical administrative structure in the structure of their own mechanism. While natural for communication that follows hierarchical patterns, such systems interfere with naming and sharing that cross administrative boundaries, and therefore cause headaches for both users and administrators. I propose to organize resource naming and security, not around administrative domains, but around the sharing patterns of users.

The dissertation is organized into four main parts. First, I discuss the challenges and tradeoffs involved in naming resources and consider a variety of existing …

Approximation Algorithms For The Minimum Bends Traveling Salesman Problem, Cliff Stein, David P. Wagner

Computer Science Technical Reports

The problem of traversing a set of points in the order that minimizes the total distance traveled (traveling salesman problem) is one of the most famous and well-studied problems in combinatorial optimization. It has many applications, and has been a testbed for many of the must useful ideas in algorithm design and analysis. The usual metric, minimizing the total distance traveled, is an important one, but many other metrics are of interest. In this paper, we introduce the metric of minimizing the number of turns in the tour, given that the input points are in the Euclidean plane. To our …

Proceedings Of The 2000 Onr Decision-Support Workshop Series: The Human-Computer Partnership In Decision-Support, Collaborative Agent Design Research Center

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

The Decision Support Workshop of May 2-4, 2000 held in San Luis Obispo, Cal., was the second in a series that was started one year earlier as a joint project of the Office of Naval Research and the Collaborative Agent Design Research Center of Cal Poly.

The goal of this series of Workshops is to provide a forum where connections can be established on one hand between developers and proponents of decision support tools, with potential users such as managers of large, complex organizations/systems on the other. Clearly, the military belong to this class of users and it is therefore …

Performance Analysis Of Mobile Agents For Filtering Data Streams On Wireless Networks, David Kotz, Guofei Jiang, Robert Gray, George Cybenko, Ronald A. Peterson

Computer Science Technical Reports

Wireless networks are an ideal environment for mobile agents, because their mobility allows them to move across an unreliable link to reside on a wired host, next to or closer to the resources they need to use. Furthermore, client-specific data transformations can be moved across the wireless link, and run on a wired gateway server, with the goal of reducing bandwidth demands. In this paper we examine the tradeoffs faced when deciding whether to use mobile agents to support a data-filtering application, in which numerous wireless clients filter information from a large data stream arriving across the wired network. We …

Operational Evaluation Of A Knowledge-Based Sea Ice Classification System, Denise Gineris, Cheryl Bertoia, Mary Ruth Keller, Leen-Kiat Soh, Costas Tsatsoulis

CSE Conference and Workshop Papers

ARKTOS (Advanced Reasoning Using Knowledge for Typing of Sea Ice) is a fully automated intelligent sea ice classification system. ARKTOS is in use at the U.S. National Ice Center (NIC) for daily operations related to the NIC’S task of mapping the ice covered oceans. ARKTOS incorporates image processing, input from ancillary data, and artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze and classify RADARSAT Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery. The NIC and Naval Research Laboratory (NRL/ERIM) have been testing and evaluating ARKTOS through the freeze-up, winter, melt-out and summer seasons of the Beaufort Sea. In this paper we outline the development and evolution …

Privacy On The Internet : A Study Of Ethical Issues, Jatara C. Brown

Electronic Dissertations and Theses

This paper will explore the ethical issues of privacy as it relates to computer use or more specifically, the Internet. The information for this paper will be gleaned through books on computer ethics and priv acy, Internet web sites as well as through personal experience. This paper will explore the social and legal aspects ofInternet privacy by examining various real-life cases where Internet privacy was perceived to have been breached. In addition, it will showcase the issues of privacy from two sides: from the perspective of ordinary private citizens and from government agencies and marketing companies who feel that they …