Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Improved Computer Detection And Mapping Of Cerebral Oxygenation, David H. Kung

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

Near-infrared (NIR) optical image reconstruction that incorporates blood oxygen level dependant (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging has the potential to improve both quantifiable measurement of oxygenation and the spatial resolution involved in such mapping. My thesis continues some preliminary work in this area through development of an analytic diffusion parameter estimation algorithm for use with a NIR imaging array and development of a finite element mesh utility to read a priori BOLD images and tag them with property elements for NIR image resolution improvement.

Fast Out-Of-Core Sorting On Parallel Disk Systems, Matthew D. Pearson

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

This paper discusses our implementation of Rajasekaran's (l,m)-mergesort algorithm (LMM) for sorting on parallel disks. LMM is asymptotically optimal for large problems and has the additional advantage of a low constant in its I/O complexity. Our implementation is written in C using the ViC* I/O API for parallel disk systems. We compare the performance of LMM to that of the C library function qsort on a DEC Alpha server. qsort makes a good benchmark because it is fast and performs comparatively well under demand paging. Since qsort fails when the swap disk fills up, we can only compare these algorithms …

Sketch-Based Image Queries In Topographic Databases, James Carswell

Articles

In this paper we present the development of a system prototype for sketch-based queries for the content-based retrieval of digital images from topographic databases. We discuss our overall strategy and associated algorithmic and implementation aspects, and present associated database design issues. The query tools devised in this research are employing user-provided sketches of the shape and spatial configuration of the object(s) which should appear in the images to be retrieved. Our matching tool is inspired by least-squares matching (lsm), and represents an extension of lsm to function with a variety of raster representations. Our strategy makes use of a hierarchical …

Scan-It: A Computer Vision Model Motivated By Human Physiology And Behavior, John G. Keller

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation details the development of a new computational vision model motivated by physiological and behavioral aspects of the human visual system. Using this model, intensity features within an artificial visual field of view are extracted and transformed into a simulated cortical representation, and a saccadic guidance system scans this field of view over an object within an image to memorize that object. The object representation is thus stored as a sequence of feature matrices describing sub-regions of the object. A new image can then be searched for the object (possibly scaled and rotated), where evidence of its presence is …

Methodology For Integrating The Scenario Databases Of Simulation Systems, Emilia M. Colonese

Theses and Dissertations

The use of many different simulation systems by the United States Department of Defense has resulted in many different scenario data representations contained in heterogeneous databases. These heterogeneous databases all represent the same data concept, but have different semantics due to intrinsic variations among the data models. In this research, I describe a unified scenario database to allow interoperability and reuse of the scenario data components while avoiding the problems of data redundancy. Using the object oriented approach, the data and schema of the scenario databases, represented in an object oriented model, are integrated into a global database also represented …

Parallel Digital Signal Processing On A Network Of Personal Computers Case Study: Space-Time Adaptive Processing, Fernando Silva

Theses and Dissertations

Network based parallel computing using personal computers is currently a popular choice for concurrent scientific computing. This work evaluates the capabilities and the performance of the AFIT Bimodal Cluster (ABC); a heterogeneous cluster of PCs connected by switched fast Ethernet and using MPICH 1.1 for interprocess communication for parallel digital signal processing using Space Time Adaptive Processing (STAP) as the case study. The MITRE RT_STAP Benchmark version 1.1 is ported and executed on the ABC, as well as on a cluster of six Sun SPARC workstations connected by a Myrinet network (the AFIT NOW), and on a IBM SP for …

Routing And Caching Mechanisms For Mobile Ip Networks, Baher Ali Esmat

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Auditing Capability On Top Of The Java Virtual Machine (Jvm), Margo Fouad Fawzi Hanna

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Two Algorithms For Performing Multidimensional, Multiprocessor, Out-Of-Core Ffts, Lauren M. Baptist

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

We show two algorithms for computing multidimensional Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs) on a multiprocessor system with distributed memory when problem sizes are so large that the data do not fit in the memory of the entire system. Instead, data reside on a parallel disk system and are brought into memory in sections. We use the Parallel Disk Model for implementation and analysis. The first method is a straightforward out-of-core variant of a well-known method for in-core, multidimensional FFTs. It performs 1-dimensional FFT computations on each dimension in turn. This method is easy to generalize to any number of dimensions, and …

Parallel Dassf Discrete-Event Simulation Without Shared Memory, James D. Chalfant

Dartmouth College Undergraduate Theses

The Dartmouth implementation of the Scalable Simulation Framework (DaSSF) is a discrete-event simulator used primarily in the simulation of networks. It achieves high performance through parallel processing. DaSSF 1.22 requires shared memory between all processors in order to operate. This limits the number of processors available and the hardware platforms that can exploit parallelism. We are interested in extending parallel DaSSF operation to architectures without shared memory. We explore the requirements of this by implementing parallel DaSSF using MPI as the sole form of interaction between processors. The approaches used to achieve this can be abstracted and applied to the …

Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms: Classifications, Analyses, And New Innovations, David A. Van Veldhuizen

Theses and Dissertations

This research organizes, presents, and analyzes contemporary Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm (MOEA) research and associated Multiobjective Optimization Problems (MOPs). Using a consistent MOEA terminology and notation, each cited MOEAs' key factors are presented in tabular form for ease of MOEA identification and selection. A detailed quantitative and qualitative MOEA analysis is presented, providing a basis for conclusions about various MOEA-related issues. The traditional notion of building blocks is extended to the MOP domain in an effort to develop more effective and efficient MOEAs. Additionally, the MOEA community's limited test suites contain various functions whose origins and rationale for use are often …

Cobol Reengineering Using The Parameter Based Object Identification (Pboi) Methodology, Sonia De Jesus Rodrigues

Theses and Dissertations

This research focuses on how to reengineer Cobol legacy systems into object oriented systems using Sward's Parameter Based Object Identification (PBOI) methodology. The method is based on relating categories of imperative subprograms to classes written in object oriented language based on how parameters are handled and shared among them. The input language of PBOI is a canonical form called the generic imperative model (GIM), which is an abstract syntax tree (AST) representation of a simple imperative programming language. The output is another AST, the generic object model (GOM), a generic object oriented language. Conventional languages must be translated into the …

An Environment For The Facilitation Of Robotic Programming, Artem Lifschitz

Computer Science Technical Reports

I have developed, tested, and evaluated a robot programming environment organized as a library of flexible data structures to facilitate the creation of robotics programs. Abstractions are the basis of all of the achievements of Computer Science, and if it were possible to create a truly flexible, generic abstraction for the programming of robots -- the science of robotics could advance at a faster pace. For this reason, I have attempted to implement the abstraction of low-level commands, and the assembling of them into hierarchies of higher-level actions. My libraries provide mechanisms for the manipulation and queuing of actions, as …

Model Predictive Satisficing Fuzzy Logic Control, Richard L. Frost, Michael A. Goodrich, Wynn C. Stirling

Faculty Publications

Model-predictive control, which is an alternative to conventional optimal control, provides controller solutions to many constrained and nonlinear control problems. However, even when a good model is available, it may be necessary for an expert to specify the relationship between local model predictions and global system performance. We present a satisficing fuzzy logic controller that is based on a receding control horizon, but which employs a fuzzy description of system consequences via model predictions. This controller considers the gains and losses associated with each control action, is compatible with robust design objectives, and permits flexible defuzzifier design. We demonstrate the …

Multiscale Image Registration Using Scale Trace Correlation, Bruce B. Hansen, Bryan S. Morse

Faculty Publications

This paper presents a method for registering images at different magnifications (scales) by treating the problem not only as one of scaling the image coordinates but also as one inherently involving multiresolution information. While some existing methods for multiresolution registration do consider the way the resolution (scale) affects the image, they often consider the image one scale at a time, using geometric properties within that scale. Others use multiscale information, usually to produce more robust results, but only to register same-magnification images (e.g., stereo). A scale trace is the set of values that a single pixel takes on as magnification …

Toboggan-Based Intelligent Scissors With A Four-Parameter Edge Model, William A. Barrett, Eric N. Mortensen

Faculty Publications

Intelligent Scissors is an interactive image segmentation tool that allows a user to select piece-wise globally optimal contour segments that correspond to a desired object boundary. We present a new and faster method of computing the optimal path by over-segmenting the image using tobogganing and then imposing a weighted planar graph on top of the resulting region boundaries. The resulting region-based graph is many times smaller than the previous pixel-based graph, thus providing faster graph searches and immediate user interaction. Further, tobogganing provides an new systematic and predictable framework for computing edge model parameters, allowing subpixel localization as well as …

On The Geometries Of Conic Section Representation Of Noisy Object Boundaries, Qiuming Zhu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

This paper studies some geometrical properties of conic sections and the utilization of these properties for the generation of conic section representations of object boundaries in digital images. Several geometrical features of the conic sections, such as the chord, the characteristic point, the guiding triangles, and their appearances under the tessellation and noise corruption of the digital images are discussed. The study leads to a noniterative algorithm that takes advantage of these features in the process of formulating the conic section parameters and generating the approximations of object boundaries from the given sequences of edge pixels in the images. The …

Visual Constraint Programming Environment For Configuration Problems, Rania A/Hamid El Sayed

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Evolution Of Recurrent Cascade Correlation Networks With Ditributed Collaborative Species, Ghada Nasr Aly

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Detection Of Gradual Transitions Through Temporal Slice Analysis, Chong-Wah Ngo, T. C. Pong, R. T. Chin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we present approaches for detecting camera cuts, wipes and dissolves based on the analysis of spatio-temporal slices obtained from videos. These slices are composed of spatial ly and temporal ly coherent regions which can be perceived as shots. In the proposed methods, camera breaks are located by performing color-texture segmentation and statistical analysis on these video slices. In addition to detecting camera breaks, our methods can classify the detected breaks as camera cuts, wipes and dissolves in an efficient manner

Camera Break Detection By Partitioning Of 2d Spatio-Temporal Images In Mpeg Domain, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we propose a new approach to detect camera cuts and wipes. The approach projects a video into two images representing the spatio-temporal continuity of a video life. Visually, these images are composed by regions of different patterns, each region represents the temporal location of a shot. The shape of a region boundary inherently classifies cut and wipe, and most importantly, marks the start and end of a wipe sequence. We hence formulate algorithms to locate the color and texture discontinuities occurring at the boundaries of image regions.

Developing Techniques For Enhancing Comprehensibility Of Controlled Medical Terminologies, Huanying Gu

Dissertations

A controlled medical terminology (CMT) is a collection of concepts (or terms) that are used in the medical domain. Typically, a CMT also contains attributes of those concepts and/or relationships between those concepts. Electronic CMTs are extremely useful and important for communication between and integration of independent information systems in healthcare, because data in this area is highly fragmented. A single query in this area might involve several databases, e.g., a clinical database, a pharmacy database, a radiology database, and a lab test database.

Unfortunately, the extensive sizes of CMTs, often containing tens of thousands of concepts and hundreds of …

Porting The Sisal Functional Language To Distributed-Memory Multiprocessors, Jui-Yuan Ku

Dissertations

Parallel computing is becoming increasingly ubiquitous in recent years. The sizes of application problems continuously increase for solving real-world problems. Distributed-memory multiprocessors have been regarded as a viable architecture of scalable and economical design for building large scale parallel machines. While these parallel machines can provide computational capabilities, programming such large-scale machines is often very difficult due to many practical issues including parallelization, data distribution, workload distribution, and remote memory latency.

This thesis proposes to solve the programmability and performance issues of distributed-memory machines using the Sisal functional language. The programs written in Sisal will be automatically parallelized, scheduled and …

Automatic Document Classification And Extraction System (Adoces), Xuhong Li

Dissertations

Document processing is a critical element of office automation. Document image processing begins from the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) phase with complex processing for document classification and extraction. Document classification is a process that classifies an incoming document into a particular predefined document type. Document extraction is a process that extracts information pertinent to the users from the content of a document and assigns the information as the values of the “logical structure” of the document type. Therefore, after document classification and extraction, a paper document will be represented in its digital form instead of its original image file format, …

Knowledge Management For Texpros, Jianshun Hu

Dissertations

Most of the document processing systems today have applied Al technologies to support their system intelligent behaviors. For the application of Al technologies in such systems, the core problem is how to represent and manage different kinds of knowledge to support their inference engine components' functionalities. In other words, knowledge management has become a critical issue in the document processing systems. In this dissertation, within the scope of the TEXt PROcessing System (TEXPROS), we identify knowledge of various kinds that are applicable in the system. We investigate several problems of managing this knowledge and then develop a knowledge base for …

Pattern Discovery In Trees : Algorithms And Applications To Document And Scientific Data Management, Chia-Yo Chang

Dissertations

Ordered, labeled trees are trees in which each node has a label and the left-to-right order of its children (if it has any) is fixed. Such trees have many applications in vision, pattern recognition, molecular biology and natural language processing.

In this dissertation we present algorithms for finding patterns in the ordered labeled trees. Specifically we study the largest approximately common substructure (LACS) problem for such trees. We consider a substructure of a tree T to be a connected subgraph of T. Given two trees T₁, T₂ and an integer d, the LACS problem is to find …

A New-Generation Class Of Parallel Architectures And Their Performance Evaluation, Qian Wang

Dissertations

The development of computers with hundreds or thousands of processors and capability for very high performance is absolutely essential for many computation problems, such as weather modeling, fluid dynamics, and aerodynamics. Several interconnection networks have been proposed for parallel computers. Nevertheless, the majority of them are plagued by rather poor topological properties that result in large memory latencies for DSM (Distributed Shared-Memory) computers. On the other hand, scalable networks with very good topological properties are often impossible to build because of their prohibitively high VLSI (e.g., wiring) complexity. Such a network is the generalized hypercube (GH). The GH supports full-connectivity …

Modeling Controlled Vocabularies Using Oodbs And Multilevel Area Diagrams, Li-Min Liu

Dissertations

A Controlled Vocabulary (CV) is a software system of domain knowledge that consolidates and unifies the terminology of a large application domain. With a common, centralized CV, costly and time-consuming translations can be eliminated between pairs of organizations and pairs of software systems. Unfortunately, the more knowledge we put into a CV, the harder it is to understand and maintain it. In this dissertation, a comprehensive theoretical methodology for modeling CVs using Object-Oriented Database (OODB) technology is presented. We present two methods for representing a semantic network CV as an equivalent OODB, which we call an Object-Oriented Vocabulary Repository (OOVR). …

Decision Support System For Forecasting Product And Waste Disposal Over Time, Amit P. Amte

Theses

A current barrier to the end-of-life product strategies is a lack of knowledge of the quantity and timing of product returns or waste generation. Consequently, a Decision Support System (DSS), to predict the timing and quantity of waste generation is needed. Therefore a web-based system that predicts the rate of product entering the waste-stream has been developed. The system accepts information relating to sales, reliability, storage and disposal behavior. This data is used to simulate the return waste flow. The DSS can be used to simulate the effect of different policies and to provide data for end-of-life and multi-lifecycle strategy …

Recasting Cohn's Many Sorted Logic Into A Constrained Logic, Christopher Brendan Koelbl

Theses

The use of a many sorted logic for theorem proving carries many advantages over a traditional unsorted logic. By placing restrictions on the search space, a many sorted logic can significantly reduce the amount steps in the resolution process. However, as a logic becomes more efficient, it increases in complexity.

One of these efficient log ics is Cohn's Many Sorted Logic, LLAMA. It uses complex data structures such as the sort lattice and sort arrays to maintain information about the sorts. Recasting LLAMA into Bürckert's constrained logic will keep the functionality of LLAMA while using a format that reduces the …