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Articles 5071 - 5100 of 6716

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Crctol: A Semantic Based Domain Ontology Learning System, Xing Jiang, Ah-Hwee Tan Jan 2010

Crctol: A Semantic Based Domain Ontology Learning System, Xing Jiang, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Domain ontologies play an important role in supporting knowledge‐based applications in the Semantic Web. To facilitate the building of ontologies, text mining techniques have been used to perform ontology learning from texts. However, traditional systems employ shallow natural language processing techniques and focus only on concept and taxonomic relation extraction. In this paper we present a system, known as Concept‐Relation‐Concept Tuple‐based Ontology Learning (CRCTOL), for mining ontologies automatically from domain‐specific documents. Specifically, CRCTOL adopts a full text parsing technique and employs a combination of statistical and lexico‐syntactic methods, including a statistical algorithm that extracts key concepts from a document collection, …

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Keep It Simple With Time: A Reexamination Of Probabilistic Topic Detection Models, Qi He, Kuiyu Chang, Ee Peng Lim, Arindam Banerjee Jan 2010

Keep It Simple With Time: A Reexamination Of Probabilistic Topic Detection Models, Qi He, Kuiyu Chang, Ee Peng Lim, Arindam Banerjee

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Topic detection (TD) is a fundamental research issue in the Topic Detection and Tracking (TDT) community with practical implications; TD helps analysts to separate the wheat from the chaff among the thousands of incoming news streams. In this paper, we propose a simple and effective topic detection model called the temporal Discriminative Probabilistic Model (DPM), which is shown to be theoretically equivalent to the classic vector space model with feature selection and temporally discriminative weights. We compare DPM to its various probabilistic cousins, ranging from mixture models like von-Mises Fisher (vMF) to mixed membership models like Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). …

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Information Integration For Graph Databases, Ee Peng Lim, Aixin Sun, Anwitaman Datta, Chang Kuiyu Jan 2010

Information Integration For Graph Databases, Ee Peng Lim, Aixin Sun, Anwitaman Datta, Chang Kuiyu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

With increasing interest in querying and analyzing graph data from multiple sources, algorithms and tools to integrate different graphs become very important. Integration of graphs can take place at the schema and instance levels. While links among graph nodes pose additional challenges to graph information integration, they can also serve as useful features for matching nodes representing real-world entities. This chapter introduces a general framework to perform graph information integration. It then gives an overview of the state-of-the-art research and tools in graph information integration.

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Mining Antagonistic Communities From Social Networks, Kuan Zhang Jan 2010

Mining Antagonistic Communities From Social Networks, Kuan Zhang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

In this thesis, we examine the problem of mining antagonistic communities from social networks. In social networks, people with opposite opinions normally behave differently and form sub-communities each of which containing people sharing some common behaviors. In one scenario, people with opposite opinions show differences in their views on a set of items. Another scenario is people explicitly expressing whom they agree with, like or trust as well as whom they disagree with, dislike or distrust. We defined the indirect and direct antagonistic groups based on the two scenarios. We have developed algorithms to mine the two types of antagonistic …

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Questioning Cultural Commons, Lawrence B. Solum Jan 2010

Questioning Cultural Commons, Lawrence B. Solum

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

In Constructing Commons in the Cultural Environment, Michael J. Madison, Brett M. Frischmann, and Katherine J. Strandburg offer an innovative and attractive vision of the future of cultural and scientific knowledge through the construction of “cultural commons,” which they define as “environments for developing and distributing cultural and scientific knowledge through institutions that support pooling and sharing that knowledge in a managed way.” The kind of “commons” they have in mind is modeled on the complex arrangement of social norms that allocate lobstering rights among fishermen in Maine and extends to arrangements such as patent pools, open-source software development …

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Recommender System For Audio Recordings, Jong Seo Lee Jan 2010

Recommender System For Audio Recordings, Jong Seo Lee

Master's Theses

Nowadays the largest E-commerce or E-service websites offer millions of products for sale. A Recommender system is defined as software used by such websites for recommending commercial or noncommercial product items to users according to the users’ tastes. In this project, we develop a recommender system for a private multimedia web service company. In particular, we devise three recommendation engines using different data filtering methods – named weighted-average, K-nearest neighbors, and item-based – which are based on collaborative filtering techniques, which work by recording user preferences on items and by anticipating the future likes and dislikes of users by comparing …

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Wikipedia And The European Union Database Directive, Jacqueline D. Lipton Jan 2010

Wikipedia And The European Union Database Directive, Jacqueline D. Lipton

Articles

“Web 2.0" and "User Generated Content (UGC)" are the new buzzwords in cyberspace. In recent years, law and policy makers have struggled to keep pace with the needs of digital natives in terms of online content control in the new participatory web culture. Much of the discourse about intellectual property rights in this context revolves around copyright law: for example, who owns copyright in works generated by multiple people, and what happens when these joint authored works borrow from existing copyright works in terms of derivative works rights and the fair use defense. Many works compiled by groups are subject …

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A Correlational Study Of Telework Frequency, Information Communication Technology, And Job Satisfaction Of Home-Based Teleworkers, Shana P. Webster-Trotman Jan 2010

A Correlational Study Of Telework Frequency, Information Communication Technology, And Job Satisfaction Of Home-Based Teleworkers, Shana P. Webster-Trotman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In 2008, 33.7 million Americans teleworked from home. The Telework Enhancement Act (S. 707) and the Telework Improvements Act (H.R. 1722) of 2009 were designed to increase the number of teleworkers. The research problem addressed was the lack of understanding of factors that influence home-based teleworkers' job satisfaction. Job dissatisfaction has been found to have a significant impact on voluntary turnover. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship among telework frequency, information communication technology (ICT), and job satisfaction. The research questions were designed to answer whether correlational relationships exist among telework frequency, ICT, and job satisfaction and …

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The Use Of Human Patient Simulators To Enhance The Clinical Decision Making Of Nursing Students, Sharon Kay Powell-Laney Jan 2010

The Use Of Human Patient Simulators To Enhance The Clinical Decision Making Of Nursing Students, Sharon Kay Powell-Laney

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

One of the newest teaching modalities in nursing education is the use of human patient simulators (HPS). An HPS simulation scenario creates a software program vignette in which students interact with a manikin to practice caring for critical patients in a risk-free environment. Although used extensively in schools of nursing, there is little research that examines if these expensive simulators improve the clinical decision-making ability of nursing students. The purpose of this experimental differentiated treatment study was to assess if HPS technology leads to increased clinical decision-making ability and clinical performance more than the teaching modality of a paper and …

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A Structural Equation Model Of The Factors Associated With Influence And Power Of It Departments And Their Relationship To Firm's It Orientation And Business Performance, Raghu V. Kowshik Jan 2010

A Structural Equation Model Of The Factors Associated With Influence And Power Of It Departments And Their Relationship To Firm's It Orientation And Business Performance, Raghu V. Kowshik

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Although few firms can function without an information technology (IT) department, senior executives often consider IT as secondary. Historically, studies have found IT departments to have low influence and power status compared to other departments. Few, if any, studies have investigated what factors contribute to this subservient position. Three research questions that inspired this study regarding the IT department's influence and power included factors that shape the IT influence and power, the consequences for the firm's IT orientation and business performance, and how firm's IT orientation affects business performance. This quantitative study explored the notion that accountability, innovativeness, customer connectedness …

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Anonymous Query Processing In Road Networks, Kyriakos Mouratidis, Man Lung Yiu Jan 2010

Anonymous Query Processing In Road Networks, Kyriakos Mouratidis, Man Lung Yiu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The increasing availability of location-aware mobile devices has given rise to a flurry of location-based services (LBSs). Due to the nature of spatial queries, an LBS needs the user position in order to process her requests. On the other hand, revealing exact user locations to a (potentially untrusted) LBS may pinpoint their identities and breach their privacy. To address this issue, spatial anonymity techniques obfuscate user locations, forwarding to the LBS a sufficiently large region instead. Existing methods explicitly target processing in the euclidean space and do not apply when proximity to the users is defined according to network distance …

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Development And Evaluation Of A Chemistry Educational Software For Learning Organic Reactions Using Qualitative Reasoning, Rukaini Abdullah Dec 2009

Development And Evaluation Of A Chemistry Educational Software For Learning Organic Reactions Using Qualitative Reasoning, Rukaini Abdullah

Rukaini Abdullah

In science education, it is believed that students should understand the qualitative principles that govern the subject including the cause-effect relationships in processes before they are immersed in complex problem solving. Traditional educational programs for teaching organic chemistry do not usually explain or justify an observed chemical phenomenon. These programs do not “explain” simply because the results are obtained through chaining the rules or by searching the reaction routes that have been pre-coded in software. This paper discusses the development techniques, simulation results, and student evaluation of a software tool that aimed to help chemistry students learn organic processes through …

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Research In Semantic Web And Information Retrieval: Trust, Sensors, And Search, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan Dec 2009

Research In Semantic Web And Information Retrieval: Trust, Sensors, And Search, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

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Exercise Power Grid Display And Web Interface, Alexander (Alex) Chernetz Dec 2009

Exercise Power Grid Display And Web Interface, Alexander (Alex) Chernetz

Computer Engineering

The 2008-2009 expansion of the Recreation Center at Cal Poly includes three new rooms with cardiovascular fitness equipment. As part of its ongoing commitment to sustainable development, the new machines connect to the main power grid and generate power during a workout. This document explains the process of quantifying and expressing the power generated using two interfaces: an autonomous display designed for a television with a text size and amount of detail adaptable to multiple television sizes and viewing distances, and an interactive, more detailed Web interface accessible with any Java-capable computer system or browser.

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Mining Data From Multiple Software Development Projects, Huanjing Wang, Taghi M. Khoshgoftaar, Kehan Gao, Naeem Seliya Dec 2009

Mining Data From Multiple Software Development Projects, Huanjing Wang, Taghi M. Khoshgoftaar, Kehan Gao, Naeem Seliya

Dr. Huanjing Wang

A large system often goes through multiple software project development cycles, in part due to changes in operation and development environments. For example, rapid turnover of the development team between releases can influence software quality, making it important to mine software project data over multiple system releases when building defect predictors. Data collection of software attributes are often conducted independent of the quality improvement goals, leading to the availability of a large number of attributes for analysis. Given the problems associated with variations in development process, data collection, and quality goals from one release to another emphasizes the importance of …

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Towards Reasoning Pragmatics, Pascal Hitzler Dec 2009

Towards Reasoning Pragmatics, Pascal Hitzler

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

The realization of Semantic Web reasoning is central to substantiating the Semantic Web vision. However, current mainstream research on this topic faces serious challenges, which force us to question established lines of research and to rethink the underlying approaches.

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Electronic-Supply Chain Information Security: A Framework For Information, Alizera Bolhari Dec 2009

Electronic-Supply Chain Information Security: A Framework For Information, Alizera Bolhari

Australian Information Security Management Conference

Over the last few years, the materials and distribution management has developed into a broader strategic approach known as electronic supply chain management by means of information technology. This paper attempts to visibly describe supply chain management information security concepts which are necessary for managers to know about. So, the depth of information presented in this paper is calibrated for managers, not technical security employees or agents. Global supply chains are exposed to diverse types of risks that rise along with increasing globalization. Electronic supply chains will be more vulnerable from information security (IS) aspect among other types of supply …

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Sparql Query Re-Writing For Spatial Datasets Using Partonomy Based Transformation Rules, Prateek Jain, Cory Andrew Henson, Amit P. Sheth, Peter Z. Yeh, Kunal Verma Dec 2009

Sparql Query Re-Writing For Spatial Datasets Using Partonomy Based Transformation Rules, Prateek Jain, Cory Andrew Henson, Amit P. Sheth, Peter Z. Yeh, Kunal Verma

Kno.e.sis Publications

Often the information present in a spatial knowledge base is represented at a different level of granularity and abstraction than the query constraints. For querying ontology’s containing spatial information, the precise relationships between spatial entities has to be specified in the basic graph pattern of SPARQL query which can result in long and complex queries. We present a novel approach to help users intuitively write SPARQL queries to query spatial data, rather than relying on knowledge of the ontology structure. Our framework re-writes queries, using transformation rules to exploit part-whole relations between geographical entities to address the mismatches between query …

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A Contrast Pattern Based Clustering Quality Index For Categorical Data, Qingbao Liu, Guozhu Dong Dec 2009

A Contrast Pattern Based Clustering Quality Index For Categorical Data, Qingbao Liu, Guozhu Dong

Kno.e.sis Publications

Since clustering is unsupervised and highly explorative, clustering validation (i.e. assessing the quality of clustering solutions) has been an important and long standing research problem. Existing validity measures have significant shortcomings. This paper proposes a novel contrast pattern based clustering quality index (CPCQ) for categorical data, by utilizing the quality and diversity of the contrast patterns (CPs) which contrast the clusters in clusterings. High quality CPs can characterize clusters and discriminate them against each other. Experiments show that the CPCQ index (1) can recognize that expert-determined classes are the best clusters for many datasets from the UCI repository; (2) does …

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A Local Qualitative Approach To Referral And Functional Trust, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Dharan Althuru, Cory Andrew Henson, Amit P. Sheth Dec 2009

A Local Qualitative Approach To Referral And Functional Trust, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Dharan Althuru, Cory Andrew Henson, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Trust and confidence are becoming key issues in diverse applications such as ecommerce, social networks, semantic sensor web, semantic web information retrieval systems, etc. Both humans and machines use some form of trust to make informed and reliable decisions before acting. In this work, we briefly review existing work on trust networks, pointing out some of its drawbacks. We then propose a local framework to explore two different kinds of trust among agents called referral trust and functional trust, that are modelled using local partial orders, to enable qualitative trust personalization. The proposed approach formalizes reasoning with trust, distinguishing between …

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Duol: A Double Updating Approach For Online Learning, Peilin Zhao, Steven C. H. Hoi, Rong Jin Dec 2009

Duol: A Double Updating Approach For Online Learning, Peilin Zhao, Steven C. H. Hoi, Rong Jin

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In most online learning algorithms, the weights assigned to the misclassified examples (or support vectors) remain unchanged during the entire learning process. This is clearly insufficient since when a new misclassified example is added to the pool of support vectors, we generally expect it to affect the weights for the existing support vectors. In this paper, we propose a new online learning method, termed Double Updating Online Learning, or DUOL for short. Instead of only assigning a fixed weight to the misclassified example received in current trial, the proposed online learning algorithm also tries to update the weight for one …

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Learning Bregman Distance Functions And Its Application For Semi-Supervised Clustering, Lei Wu, Rong Jin, Steven C. H. Hoi, Jianke Zhu, Nenghai Yu Dec 2009

Learning Bregman Distance Functions And Its Application For Semi-Supervised Clustering, Lei Wu, Rong Jin, Steven C. H. Hoi, Jianke Zhu, Nenghai Yu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Learning distance functions with side information plays a key role in many machine learning and data mining applications. Conventional approaches often assume a Mahalanobis distance function. These approaches are limited in two aspects: (i) they are computationally expensive (even infeasible) for high dimensional data because the size of the metric is in the square of dimensionality; (ii) they assume a fixed metric for the entire input space and therefore are unable to handle heterogeneous data. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme that learns nonlinear Bregman distance functions from side information using a nonparametric approach that is similar to …

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Coherent Phrase Model For Efficient Image Near-Duplicate Retrieval, Yiqun Hu, Xiangang Cheng, Liang-Tien Chia, Xing Xie, Deepu Rajan, Ah-Hwee Tan Dec 2009

Coherent Phrase Model For Efficient Image Near-Duplicate Retrieval, Yiqun Hu, Xiangang Cheng, Liang-Tien Chia, Xing Xie, Deepu Rajan, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper presents an efficient and effective solution for retrieving image near-duplicate (IND) from image database. We introduce the coherent phrase model which incorporates the coherency of local regions to reduce the quantization error of the bag-of-words (BoW) model. In this model, local regions are characterized by visual phrase of multiple descriptors instead of visual word of single descriptor. We propose two types of visual phrase to encode the coherency in feature and spatial domain, respectively. The proposed model reduces the number of false matches by using this coherency and generates sparse representations of images. Compared to other method, the …

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A Robust Damage Assessment Model For Corrupted Database Systems, Ge Fu, Hong Zhu, Yingjiu Li Dec 2009

A Robust Damage Assessment Model For Corrupted Database Systems, Ge Fu, Hong Zhu, Yingjiu Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

An intrusion tolerant database uses damage assessment techniques to detect damage propagation scales in a corrupted database system. Traditional damage assessment approaches in a intrusion tolerant database system can only locate damages which are caused by reading corrupted data. In fact, there are many other damage spreading patterns that have not been considered in traditional damage assessment model. In this paper, we systematically analyze inter-transaction dependency relationships that have been neglected in the previous research and propose four different dependency relationships between transactions which may cause damage propagation. We extend existing damage assessment model based on the four novel dependency …

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Wake Up Or Fall Asleep: Value Implication Of Trusted Computing, Nan Hu, Jianhui Huang, Ling Liu, Yingjiu Li, Dan Ma Dec 2009

Wake Up Or Fall Asleep: Value Implication Of Trusted Computing, Nan Hu, Jianhui Huang, Ling Liu, Yingjiu Li, Dan Ma

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

More than 10 years have passed since trusted computing (TC) technology was introduced to the market; however, there is still no consensus about its value. The increasing importance of user and enterprise security and the security promised by TC, coupled with the increasing tension between the proponents and the opponents of TC, make it timely to investigate the value relevance of TC in terms of both capital market and accounting performance. Based on both price and volume studies, we found that news releases related to the adoption of the TC technology had no information content. All investors, regardless of whether …

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On Strategies For Imbalanced Text Classification Using Svm: A Comparative Study, Aixin Sun, Ee Peng Lim, Ying Liu Dec 2009

On Strategies For Imbalanced Text Classification Using Svm: A Comparative Study, Aixin Sun, Ee Peng Lim, Ying Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Many real-world text classification tasks involve imbalanced training examples. The strategies proposed to address the imbalanced classification (e.g., resampling, instance weighting), however, have not been systematically evaluated in the text domain. In this paper, we conduct a comparative study on the effectiveness of these strategies in the context of imbalanced text classification using Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifier. SVM is the interest in this study for its good classification accuracy reported in many text classification tasks. We propose a taxonomy to organize all proposed strategies following the training and the test phases in text classification tasks. Based on the taxonomy, …

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Cyber Attacks: Does Physical Boundary Matter?, Qiu-Hong Wang, Seung-Hyun Kim Dec 2009

Cyber Attacks: Does Physical Boundary Matter?, Qiu-Hong Wang, Seung-Hyun Kim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Information security issues are characterized with interdependence. Particularly, cyber criminals can easily cross national boundaries and exploit jurisdictional limitations between countries. Thus, whether cyber attacks are spatially autocorrelated is a strategic issue for government authorities and a tactic issue for insurance companies. Through an empirical study of cyber attacks across 62 countries during the period 2003-2007, we find little evidence on the spatial autocorrelation of cyber attacks at any week. However, after considering economic opportunity, IT infrastructure, international collaboration in enforcement and conventional crimes, we find strong evidence that cyber attacks were indeed spatially autocorrelated as they moved over time. …

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To Trust Or Not To Trust? Predicting Online Trusts Using Trust Antecedent Framework, Viet-An Nguyen, Ee Peng Lim, Jing Jiang, Aixin Sun Dec 2009

To Trust Or Not To Trust? Predicting Online Trusts Using Trust Antecedent Framework, Viet-An Nguyen, Ee Peng Lim, Jing Jiang, Aixin Sun

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper analyzes the trustor and trustee factors that lead to inter-personal trust using a well studied Trust Antecedent framework in management science. To apply these factors to trust ranking problem in online rating systems, we derive features that correspond to each factor and develop different trust ranking models. The advantage of this approach is that features relevant to trust can be systematically derived so as to achieve good prediction accuracy. Through a series of experiments on real data from Epinions, we show that even a simple model using the derived features yields good accuracy and outperforms MoleTrust, a trust …

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Mining Data From Multiple Software Development Projects, Huanjing Wang, Taghi M. Khoshgoftaar, Kehan Gao, Naeem Seliya Dec 2009

Mining Data From Multiple Software Development Projects, Huanjing Wang, Taghi M. Khoshgoftaar, Kehan Gao, Naeem Seliya

Computer Science Faculty Publications

A large system often goes through multiple software project development cycles, in part due to changes in operation and development environments. For example, rapid turnover of the development team between releases can influence software quality, making it important to mine software project data over multiple system releases when building defect predictors. Data collection of software attributes are often conducted independent of the quality improvement goals, leading to the availability of a large number of attributes for analysis. Given the problems associated with variations in development process, data collection, and quality goals from one release to another emphasizes the importance of …

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High-Dimensional Software Engineering Data And Feature Selection, Huanjing Wang, Taghi M. Khoshgoftaar, Kehan Gao Nov 2009

High-Dimensional Software Engineering Data And Feature Selection, Huanjing Wang, Taghi M. Khoshgoftaar, Kehan Gao

Dr. Huanjing Wang

Software metrics collected during project development play a critical role in software quality assurance. A software practitioner is very keen on learning which software metrics to focus on for software quality prediction. While a concise set of software metrics is often desired, a typical project collects a very large number of metrics. Minimal attention has been devoted to finding the minimum set of software metrics that have the same predictive capability as a larger set of metrics – we strive to answer that question in this paper. We present a comprehensive comparison between seven commonly-used filter-based feature ranking techniques (FRT) …

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