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Articles 2191 - 2220 of 6879
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Mitigating The Risk Of Extreme Water Scarcity And Dependency: The Case Of Jordan, Joep F. Schyns, Arwa Hamaideh, Arjen Y. Hoekstra, Mesfin Mekonnen, Marlou Schyns
Mitigating The Risk Of Extreme Water Scarcity And Dependency: The Case Of Jordan, Joep F. Schyns, Arwa Hamaideh, Arjen Y. Hoekstra, Mesfin Mekonnen, Marlou Schyns
Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute: Faculty Publications
Jordan faces great internal water scarcity and pollution, conflict over trans-boundary waters, and strong dependency on external water resources through trade. This paper analyzes these issues and subsequently reviews options to reduce the risk of extreme water scarcity and dependency. Based on estimates of water footprint, water availability, and virtual water trade, we find that groundwater consumption is nearly double the groundwater availability, water pollution aggravates blue water scarcity, and Jordan’s external virtual water import dependency is 86%. The review of response options yields 10 ingredients for a strategy for Jordan to mitigate the risks of extreme water scarcity and …
Comments On Public Lands: Title Transfer Proposals, Chuck Howe
Comments On Public Lands: Title Transfer Proposals, Chuck Howe
Challenging Federal Ownership and Management: Public Lands and Public Benefits (October 11-13)
3 pages.
Artificial Reef Attributes And The Relationship With Natural Reefs: Evidence From The Florida Keys, William L. Huth, O. Ashton Morgan, Paul Hindsley
Artificial Reef Attributes And The Relationship With Natural Reefs: Evidence From The Florida Keys, William L. Huth, O. Ashton Morgan, Paul Hindsley
Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics
Natural or coral reefs represent extremely valuable ecosystems supporting an estimated 25 percent of all marine life, yet recent reports suggest that 75 percent of the world’s natural reefs are under threat from both natural and human stressors. In areas such as the Florida Keys that boasts an expansive mix of natural and artificial reefs, recreational diving on the system provides an important economic contribution to the local community but also potentially contributes to the stress of the existing natural reef system. We develop a revealed and stated preference modeling framework of diver behavior and find that deployment of an …
Know Tommorrow Brown University Poster, Shepard Fairey, Risd Archives
Know Tommorrow Brown University Poster, Shepard Fairey, Risd Archives
Ecology and Environment
Poster for Brown University student event to demand action to counter climate change. "Brown emPOWER is joining dozens of colleges across the country for Know Tomorrow, a national day of action to raise awareness about climate change and its consequences. 2015 is the year for climate action as world leaders meet for the UN climate talks in Paris to sign a global agreement on climate. On October 2nd, join us for an evening of live music, engaging speakers, and environmental action on the Main Green at Brown University! Featuring: Kerry Kennedy, What Cheer? Brigade, Voces Verdes- Latino Leadership in …
Working With Locals To Restore Biodiversity To A Rubber Dominated Landscape, Francis Commercon
Working With Locals To Restore Biodiversity To A Rubber Dominated Landscape, Francis Commercon
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Xishuangbanna, in Yunnan,China, contains the country’s highest concentration of biodiversity. Since the 1980s,rubber plantations have replaced a significant portion of the prefecture’s lowland Seasonal Tropical Rainforest, leading to wildlife habitat loss and other environmental issues.Monoculture farming practices also leave farmers economically vulnerable to market fluctuations. To learn the best solutions for increasing ecosystem services and income stability in rubber-dominated areas, the World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF) project Green Rubber engages smallholders directly in establishing and maintaining scientifically rigorous intercropping experiments in their villages.
Using Man’e village and the Green Rubber project as a case study, I asked to what degree and …
Assessment Of Coral Health And Fish Diversity In The Fringing Reefs Of Porvenir Island And Korbisky Island, Guna Yala, Panama, Emily Waddell
Assessment Of Coral Health And Fish Diversity In The Fringing Reefs Of Porvenir Island And Korbisky Island, Guna Yala, Panama, Emily Waddell
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Coral reefs are the most diverse and productive ecosystems on Earth, serving as important habitats to millions of organisms; however, they are disappearing at alarming rates. The major influences causing their decline are the combined effects of global climate change and increased industrialization, urbanization, and agriculture. Previous studies have correlated high coral coverage with high fish diversity; therefore, as coral reefs disappear, so too does fish diversity. This study assesses the health of the fringe reefs of Porvenir Island and Korbisky Island in Guna Yala, Panama by recording the live coral, bleached coral, diseased coral, and algae cover of each …
Los Guardianes De Yaoska De Rancho Grande: Ocho Pasos Para Detener Una Empresa Minera Transnacional, Joshua Marcus
Los Guardianes De Yaoska De Rancho Grande: Ocho Pasos Para Detener Una Empresa Minera Transnacional, Joshua Marcus
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
El 11 de octubre de 2015, Monseñor Rolando Álvarez, Obispo de Matagalpa, recibió una llamada telefónica que cambiaría el rostro de Nicaragua. Fue un domingo, y él dirigía la misa en la Catedral de San Pedro radiantemente blanca. Pero la llamada no fue al contestador. Daniel Ortega y Rosarillo Murillo estaban al teléfono, y querían hablar con él. El gobierno había decidido negar el permiso de explotación al proyecto minero de oro Pavón Rancho Grande en Matagalpa. Un día después, se publicó la noticia. Murillo, la vocera gubernamental, anunció que: “La conclusión de todos los expertos ambientales es que el …
The Environment And Civil War: Exploring The Relationship Between The Environmental Performance Index And Incidence Of Internal Armed Conflict, Katerina N. Krohn
The Environment And Civil War: Exploring The Relationship Between The Environmental Performance Index And Incidence Of Internal Armed Conflict, Katerina N. Krohn
Student Publications
The state of the environment is receiving increasing attention. Environmental quality’s possible relationship to violent conflict attracts both popular and academic interest. Prior research has found support for the idea that environmental scarcity is related to higher occurrences of civil war. There have been few comprehensive quantitative studies regarding this relationship. This study tests a more general argument that higher environmental quality can lead to fewer occurrences of internal armed conflict. The study utilizes an environmental performance index found in the Quality of Government Standard Dataset to test its hypothesis. The study finds that the higher the environmental performance index …
Comparative Study Of Terrestrial Arthropod Diversity In Primary And Re-Planted Pine Forest In A Community Forest At Andasibe, Madagascar, Tyler George, Mira Kelly-Fair, Andrea Wade
Comparative Study Of Terrestrial Arthropod Diversity In Primary And Re-Planted Pine Forest In A Community Forest At Andasibe, Madagascar, Tyler George, Mira Kelly-Fair, Andrea Wade
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
This study is a comparison of tree and terrestrial arthropod diversity along native andre-planted pine transects.Transects were laid in a primary and re-planted pine forest in Andasibe Community Forest Park. Data was collected over six days, taking measurements of trees, inspecting and collecting specimens from pitfall traps once a day. Terrestrial arthropods were identified to morphospecies and measures of diversity were calculated. To understand the health of the trees, information was collected that included trees diameter at breast height, canopy cover and soil cover. Terrestrial arthropod communities and diversity were found to be significantly different in the native and replanted …
Water Quality In The Río Pastaza Watershed A Comparative Study Of Ríos Topo, Zuñag, And Pastaza And The Impact Of The Topo Hydroelectric Project Using Macroinvertebrates As Bioindicators, Jesse Vega-Perkins
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Ríos Zuñag, Pastaza, and Topo flow through one of the rainiest and water-rich places in Ecuador. Río Zuñag is a relatively small, pristine montane river and Río Pastaza is a relatively large, contaminated river that receives the untreated wastewater of many communities. Río Topo’s unique watershed and gradient allow it to be home to many plants that have adapted to its unique environment, including the hyperendemic liverwort Myriocolea irrorata. However, in recent years, all of the water of Río Topo has been sold by the state of Ecuador to be developed for hydroelectric projects (HEP). The first of these …
Why Financial Lending Institutions Are Not Willing To Provide Services To The Private Sector For Rural Sanitation And Hygiene (Malawi)., Rochelle H. Holm, Victor Kasulo, Elijah Wanda
Why Financial Lending Institutions Are Not Willing To Provide Services To The Private Sector For Rural Sanitation And Hygiene (Malawi)., Rochelle H. Holm, Victor Kasulo, Elijah Wanda
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
This study examines the gap between financial lending institutions and sanitation and hygiene services within Nkhata Bay District, Malawi. The study reviewed literature and policies, and conducted interviews, field observations, focus group discussions, household and lending institutions surveys, and peer reviewed workshops. Results suggest the following recommendations: promoting informal financial services, improving access for “risky” customers, improving knowledge for financial service providers, and promoting loan diversity. Although it has been found in Malawi households are willing to pay, cash, for improved sanitation, build-up of private sector businesses is hampered by lending institutions not willing to provide financial services.
Crowdsourcing Global Wastewater Data, Don Mosteller, Sam Cohen, Cory Nestor, Angel Hsu, Omar Malik
Crowdsourcing Global Wastewater Data, Don Mosteller, Sam Cohen, Cory Nestor, Angel Hsu, Omar Malik
Yale Day of Data
No time to waste: Crowdsourcing global wastewater treatment data
Worldwide, over 80 percent of wastewater is discharged into water bodies without undergoing treatment, severely impairing human well-being and ecosystem vitality along the way. National performance on wastewater treatment is difficult to quantify and is poorly understood due to a lack of common definitions, poor data collection standards, and limited historical data. To address this, the Yale Environmental Performance Index (EPI), a research group that produces a biennial ranking of country-level environmental performance, developed a first-of-its kind national wastewater treatment indicator.[1]
The indicator assesses wastewater treatment performance for 183 countries, …
Evaluating Sub-Lethal Effects Of Orchard-Applied Pyrethroids Using Video-Tracking Software To Quantify Honey Bee Behaviors, Erin M. Ingram, Julie Augustin, Marion D. Ellis, Blair Siegfried
Evaluating Sub-Lethal Effects Of Orchard-Applied Pyrethroids Using Video-Tracking Software To Quantify Honey Bee Behaviors, Erin M. Ingram, Julie Augustin, Marion D. Ellis, Blair Siegfried
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Managed honey bee, Apis mellifera L., colonies are contracted to pollinate fruit and nut orchards improving crop quality and yield. Colonies placed in orchards are potentially exposed to pyrethroid insecticides used for broad-spectrum pest control. Pyrethroids have been reported to pose minimal risk to bees due to their low application rates in the field and putative repellent properties. This repellency is believed to alter foraging behavior with the benefit of preventing bees from encountering a lethal dose in the field. However, sub-lethal exposure to pyrethroids may adversely impact bee behavior potentially resulting in social dysfunction or disruption of foraging.
This …
Session Report - Theme 5: Protection Of Arctic Marine Environment, Clive Cole
Session Report - Theme 5: Protection Of Arctic Marine Environment, Clive Cole
ShipArc 2015 Conference
No abstract provided.
From A Public Health Perspective: Fracking And Other Unconventional Oil And Gas Extraction Techniques In California, Hilda J. Cerros
From A Public Health Perspective: Fracking And Other Unconventional Oil And Gas Extraction Techniques In California, Hilda J. Cerros
Master's Projects and Capstones
California strives to be a leader in clean energy, yet it the third largest producer of oil and gas. To tackle the need for a cleaner environment, free of toxic chemicals, the Center for Environmental Health (CEH) establish a Healthy Energy Choice campaign. CEH and the Healthy Energy Choice Program collaborate with other organizations and communities to shine light on the public health impacts associated with fracking and other oil and gas extraction methods. The following paper is a summary of a 300- hour field work experience completed at the CEH’s Healthy Energy Choice Program specifically with an analyzes of …
Transportation And Sanitation Drivers Of Land Use/Land Cover Change: Loss Of The Jamaica Bay Wetlands, Margaret Joy Cytryn
Transportation And Sanitation Drivers Of Land Use/Land Cover Change: Loss Of The Jamaica Bay Wetlands, Margaret Joy Cytryn
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis presents an analysis (1830-2014) of the historical events of land use/land cover change in the Jamaica Bay estuary, identification of the agents of change, and a perspective on the potential drivers of transportation and sanitation in land use/land cover change.
A Study On Supervision Of The Port State Control To The Shipboard Ballast Water Under Bwm Convention : Analyzing The Roles Of The China, Guangbin Li
Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)
No abstract provided.
Influence And Countermeasures Of The Hong Kong Convention In China, Ruipeng Ma
Influence And Countermeasures Of The Hong Kong Convention In China, Ruipeng Ma
Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)
No abstract provided.
Study And Suggestions On The Emergency Systems Of Marine Pollution Accidents, Hui Li
Study And Suggestions On The Emergency Systems Of Marine Pollution Accidents, Hui Li
Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)
No abstract provided.
Study On The Application Of Special Area Legal System In The Bohai Sea, Guanjun Su
Study On The Application Of Special Area Legal System In The Bohai Sea, Guanjun Su
Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)
No abstract provided.
Seagoing Ship Emissions At Chinese Coastal Port Cities And Countermeasures Analysis : Sample Of Shanghai Port, Jinzhao Sun
Seagoing Ship Emissions At Chinese Coastal Port Cities And Countermeasures Analysis : Sample Of Shanghai Port, Jinzhao Sun
Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)
No abstract provided.
Optimization Of Containership Speed Based On Operation And Environment Regulations, Changjiang Yu
Optimization Of Containership Speed Based On Operation And Environment Regulations, Changjiang Yu
Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)
No abstract provided.
Research On The Ballast Water Management In Shenzhen Port Waters : Multiples Proposals For Prevention Of Invasive Species, Junhai Xu
Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)
No abstract provided.
Modern Study Of Environmental Pollution From The Emission Of Alpha Particles In Human Blood Samples In The City Of Najaf, Iraq, Basim A. Almayahi
Modern Study Of Environmental Pollution From The Emission Of Alpha Particles In Human Blood Samples In The City Of Najaf, Iraq, Basim A. Almayahi
21st International Conference on Environmental Indicators (ICEI 2015)
No abstract provided.
Gender And Climate Change In The Indian Himalayas: Global Threats, Local Vulnerabilities, And Livelihood Diversification At The Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Monica V. Ogra, Ruchi Badola
Gender And Climate Change In The Indian Himalayas: Global Threats, Local Vulnerabilities, And Livelihood Diversification At The Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Monica V. Ogra, Ruchi Badola
Environmental Studies Faculty Publications
Global climate change has numerous implications for members of mountain communities who feel the impacts in both physical and social dimensions. In the western Himalayas of India, a majority of residents maintain a livelihood strategy that includes a combination of subsistence or small-scale agriculture, livestock rearing, seasonal or long-term migration, and localized natural resource extraction. While warming temperatures, irregular patterns of precipitation and snowmelt, and changing biological systems present challenges to the viability of these traditional livelihood portfolios in general, we find that climate change is also undermining local communities’ livelihood assets in gender-specific ways. In this paper, we present …
Using Bromide Tracer To Measure Uranium Diffusivity In Ground Water Sediments, Francis Michael Tee, Morris E. Jones, Megan K. Dustin, Sharon Bone, John Bargar
Using Bromide Tracer To Measure Uranium Diffusivity In Ground Water Sediments, Francis Michael Tee, Morris E. Jones, Megan K. Dustin, Sharon Bone, John Bargar
STAR Program Research Presentations
More than 129 million liters of groundwater are contaminated with uranium at Old Rifle, Colorado – a former uranium-processing site that operated until 1958. The original Department of Energy (DOE) strategy for remediation, involving natural flushing of U from the groundwater through mixing with surface water, has not proven successful. Thin pockets of silt-, clay-, and organic-rich sediments referred to as naturally reduced zones (NRZs) act both as sinks and sources of U to the aquifer, contribute to plume persistence, and appear to be diffusion limited controlled.
To better understand how the NRZs are diffusion limited controlled, a bromide tracer …
Lake Whatcom Water Quality - Presentation To Bellingham City Council, Robin A. Matthews
Lake Whatcom Water Quality - Presentation To Bellingham City Council, Robin A. Matthews
Lake Whatcom Other Reports
This presentation to the Bellingham City Council on the water quality of Lake Whatcom addresses the objectives of the Institute for Watershed Studies monitoring process and the impact of water quality problems caused by storm water runoff.
Feasibility And Informative Value Of Environmental Sample Collection In The National Children's Vanguard Study, Elizabeth Barksdale Boyle, Nicole C. Deziel, Bonny L. Specker, Scott Collingwood, Clifford P. Weisel, David J. Wright, Michael Dellarco
Feasibility And Informative Value Of Environmental Sample Collection In The National Children's Vanguard Study, Elizabeth Barksdale Boyle, Nicole C. Deziel, Bonny L. Specker, Scott Collingwood, Clifford P. Weisel, David J. Wright, Michael Dellarco
Ethel Austin Martin Program Publications
Background: Birth cohort studies provide the opportunity to advance understanding of the impact of environmental factors on childhood health and development through prospective collection of environmental samples. Methods: We evaluated the feasibility and informative value of the environmental sample collection methodology in the initial pilot phase of the National Children's Study, a planned U.S. environmental birth cohort study. Environmental samples were collected from January 2009–September 2010 at up to three home visits: pre-pregnancy (n¼306), pregnancy (n¼807), and 6-months postnatal (n¼117). Collections included air for particulate matter r2.5 mm (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, ozone, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and carbonyls; vacuum dust …
Rock Creek Restoration Macroinvertebrate Monitoring Report, Daniel Bedell
Rock Creek Restoration Macroinvertebrate Monitoring Report, Daniel Bedell
Environmental Science and Management Professional Master's Project Reports
Stream restoration is widely used to rebuild habitat for native fisheries, but it is not well understood how current habitat reconstruction practices affect biological diversity. Citizen Science programs have potential to provide supplemental macroinvertebrate data for effectiveness monitoring of reach-scale restoration projects but variability in training, experience and collection methods can make interpretation difficult. The Clackamas Water Environment Services Watershed Health Education Program (WHEP) is an example of a Citizen Science-based program actively collecting biological data from restored streams. The purpose of this project was to use WHEP student-collected data to detect benthic macroinvertebrate community responses to stream restoration practices. …
Marine Debris & Microplastics: Sources & Solutions For Coastal Virginia, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Marine Debris & Microplastics: Sources & Solutions For Coastal Virginia, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Reports
Rivers & Coast is a periodic publication of the Center for Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The goal of Rivers & Coast is to keep readers well informed of current scientific understanding behind key environmental issues related to watershed rivers and coastal ecosystems of the Chesapeake Bay.