Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Effects Of Diethylstilbestrol On Reproduction In The Black-Tailed Prairie Dog, Donald G. Pfeiffer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Research was conducted in southwestern South Dakota in 1970 and 1971 to obtain information on the reproductive cycle of the black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) and to test effectiveness of diethylstilbestrol as a reproductive inhibitor. Embryo body lengths from 10 pregnant females were compared to body lengths of 14 known day-old young to learn the peak breeding period when an estrogenic chemosterilant would be most effective. Conception dates were obtained for three females by backdating the gestation period. The breeding peak was found to occur in late February and early March in South Dakota. Nine of 11 Prairie dogs were …

Food Selectivity Of The Black Bullhead (Ictalurus Melas, Rafinesque) In Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, Andrew J. Repsys

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The food habits of young-of-the-year, subadult and adult black bullheads were studied in Lake Poinsett, South Dakota, from March, 1970, to April, 1971. Two hundred twenty young-of-the-year (37-87 mm total length) fed primarily on limnetic cladocerans and copepods. Leptodora and Diaphanosoma comprised 86.5% of the total food volume. Chironomid larvae and pupae made up 5.6% of the total. Other benthic organisms and littoral cladocerans together contributed less than 1%. Stomach contents of 608 subadult and adult black bullhead (143-304 mm total length) indicated significant seasonal vairaiton in diet. Daphnia pulex and chronomid larvae were important food items in winter. Bullheads …

Food Habits Of Fish In A Multispecies Farm Pond, Thomas W. Gengerke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Food habits of yellow perch, bluegill, and black crappie were studied during 1970 and 1971 in Abbey Pond, South Dakota. Aquatic insects, zooplankton, mollusks, and fish were the most frequently consumed food items by the three species. Yellow perch led primarily on aquatic insects, zooplankton, and mollusks. Aquatic insects were dominant (by volume) in 40.0 and 61.5 percent of the samples respectively for the two years. Zooplankton, mollusks, aquatic insects, and bryozoans were the dominant food items by volume of adult bluegills. On an annual basis aquatic insects were the most important food item in the diet. Adult black crappies …

Waterfowl Production In The James River Valley Of South Dakota, William E. Wheeler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A study of waterfowl production was conducted on two study areas in the James River Valley of South Dakota in 1971 and 1972. Its objectives were to measure rates of reproductive success and to determine the effect of land use and other influences on duck production. The five most abundant species of nesting ducks were blue-winged teal (Anas discors), mallard (platyrhvnchos), gadwall (A. strepera), shoveler (clypeata), and pintail (acuta). Seventy-two percent of the wetland habitat on the study areas consisted of temporary (Type l and Type 3) water areas. Only 3.9 percent of the wetlands represented semi-permanent (Type 4) and …

Effects Of Polychlorinated Biphhenyls In The Ring-Necked Pheasant, Robert Bernard Dahlgren

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In 1970 and 1971, cock pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) were given single capsules weekly containing 0 and 25 mg polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), Aroclor 1254, and hens were given O, 12.5, and 50 mg. Egg production was reduced (P<0.01) in the hens given 50 mg PCB both years. Fertility, determined by visual inspection of incubated eggs, was unaffected by PCB. Hatchability was lowest in the group of hens given 50 mg in both years but significantly lower (P<0.01) only in 1971. PCB adversely affected the viability of the embryo both years, as the number of eggs pipped but not hatched in PCB groups was higher (P<0.05). PCB did not affect eggshell thickness. Behavior on the visual cliff shortly after hatching was affected among offspring of hens given 50 mg PCB in 1970 (P,0.01). Offspring of hens given 50 mg chose the visually-deep side of the cliff. No differences in behavior on the visual cliff were evident in 1971. Response to hand catching of offspring was affected in 1970 (P <0.01). The ability of penned pheasants to avoid hand capture was least where both parents received PCB, followed by those where hens only, cocks only and neither parent received PCB. No differences in response to hand capture among groups were found in 1971. Weights of chicks from hens on 50 mg were lower (P<0.01) at 6 weeks of age in 1970. This effect was not seen in 1971. Survival of chicks in brooders to 6 weeks of age was lower (P<0.01) in offspring of hens given 50 mg PCB weekly in 1970. No differences were found among offspring of treatment groups in 1971. Survival from 6 weeks of age to fall was similar in all groups. Overall survival from hatching to fall was less (P<.0.05) in offspring of hens given 50 mg weekly in both years combined. No differential effect was found between sexes for survival. PCB in doses varying front 10 mg to 210 mg daily caused hyper-excitability, weakness, tremoring, lack of appetite, lack of feathers, and a comatose death. Birds 11-weeks old given 10 or 20 mg PCB daily, birds 6 to 9 months old given 50 or 100 mg each 3.5 days, and adult hens given up to 50 mg once a week continued to eat. Eleven-week old birds given 210 mg daily stopped eating or those given 210 mg daily, the heaviest birds lost the greatest percentage of their weight (15 to 31 percent) before death occurred (1.3 to 4.3 days). Birds intentionally starved at the same time lost a greater percentage of weight (27 to 51 percent) before death (2.3 to 8.6 days). Some adult hens were given a single 50-mg capsule and samples of whole body, brain, liver, muscle, eggs, and feces were analyzed to determine patterns of storage and excretion. Levels of PCB were highest at 12 hours after capsule administration. Residues were highest in liver, followed by brain and muscle over 28 days following the single 50-mg capsule. From 94 to 98 percent of the administered dose was absorbed and 40.5 mg of the 50mg were in the body after 28 days. Hens were in a state of low egg production and excreted 4.2 mg in the eggs and 4.0 mg in the feces over 28 days. Excretion in the egg could be an important means of ridding the body of PCB. Four hens from the 1970 breeding experiment, given 17 capsules weekly containing 12.5 mg PCB and killed 1 week following the last capsule, had from 37 to 56 percent of the administered dose in their bodies. Four hens on the 50-mg level in 1970 had from 60 to 82 percent of the dose given. Five hens given 12.5 mg weekly for 16 weeks in 1971 had an average of 23.8 ppm PCB in their bodies 1 week after the last capsule, three hens had an average of 13.6 ppm after 3months on a clean diet, and three others had an average of 20.9 ppm after 6 months. Excretion was variable and slow. An analysis of brain, liver, and muscle tissues from dead and surviving birds fed PCB at various levels showed that brain residue levels from 300 to 400 ppm wet weight were indicative of death from FCB toxicosis. Liver and muscle levels were too variable to be useful in assessing cause of death. Administration of PCB decreased weights of heart and spleen (P <0. 01) at all levels given and increased weights of kidneys and livers in birds given 10- and 20-rng doses daily (P <0. 01) but not in birds given 210 mg daily. Splenic atrophy, where spleens were small, pale-tan color, and had wrinkled capsules resulting from depletion of lymphatic nodules, was characteristic of birds given PCB. PCB and dieldrin were given singly and jointly, and only additive, not synergistic, effects were noted. Livers of wild pheasants from Pennsylvania, Indiana, and South Dakota had no more than 2 ppm PCB. This indicates low-level contamination.

Use Of Waterfowl Production Areas By Ducks And Coots In Eastern South Dakota, Spencer Vaa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The use of Waterfowl Production Areas (WPA) by American coots (Fulica americana) and ducks was studied during 1970 and 1971 in east-central South Dakota The Eriksrud WPA, a type IV wetland with 55 acres of water area and 35 acres of upland, contained 188 coot nests during the 2-year study. Of the 188 coot nests, 178 hatched for a success rate of 95 percent. Average clutch size of 130 completed clutches was 8.4. Average size of 21 coot broods from 4 to 6 weeks of age was 6.1. Coot production on the Eriksrud area was estimated at 543 young per …

Use Of Eelctrophoresis To Determine Populations Of Pheasants In South Dakota, David George Montag

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) is an important game bird, and various management techniques have been implemented in its behalf. One of the most common practices has been transplanting or stocking wherein pheasants are introduced into an area with a depleted population in hopes of increasing pheasant production. The effects of such programs are difficult to evaluate since there is no way of knowing if the introduced birds are in any way responsible for production changes which subsequently occur. If the taxonomic characteristics of the native and the introduced populations could be determined, the effect that introduced birds have on …

A Comparison Of The Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Content Of Surface And Subsurface Samples In The York River, Virginia, James L. Lake

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

A Feasibility Study Of Commercial Upland Game Bird Farms In Waterloo County, Ontario, Robert John Mcclure

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

No abstract provided.

Chesapeake Bay Bibliography - Volume Ii Virginia Waters, Pamela S. Tennyson, Susan O. Barrick, Frank J. Wojcik, William J. Hargis Jr.

Reports

The Chesapeake Bay Bibliography was initiated by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science in response to growing resource management problems of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. With these problems carne the realization that planning and management of such a great natural resource is an overwhelming task requiring the best available information. This bibliography, therefore, was undertaken to document existing sources of information, to help identify research and data gathering needs, and to develop a comprehensive research and information services programs for individuals interested in research on, and management of the natural resources of the Chesapeake Bay region.

This, the …

Adsorption Of Sulfur Dioxide On Douglas Fir Woodchips, Uen-Ping David Wang

Dissertations and Theses

In recent years, people have raised their alertness to the hazard of air pollution. Sulfur dioxide is one of the most dangerous chemical compounds among those air pollutants. A study on removing sulfur dioxide from an air stream by adsorption using wood chips as the adsorbent is presented in this thesis.

The reason for using wood as an adsorbent is that wood is a porous material and possesses a large surface of cell cavities which can hold a great amount of moisture. As sulfur dioxide gas is passed through the wood bed, it would be either condensed in the cell …

Special Purpose Areas In Virginia's Coastal Zone, J. B. Pleasants

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science is charged with the responsibility of advising state management agencies on matters relating to the environments and resources of the coastal zone of Virginia. Under this broad requirement, we have been specifically assigned the task of recommending an ocean-dumping policy for the Commonwealth. This paper, a survey of specially designated areas in coastal waters of the state, is designed to provide some of the background material required in the development of such a policy.

Conflicts In Water Managment, A. Alvin Bishop

Faculty Honor Lectures

Today we hear a lot about the "quality of life" and the "quality of the environment," two terms that everyone understands, but as yet no one has defined. Like others, I will not attempt a definition but introduce my subject by saying that water is intimately tied up with both our life and our environment, and its management has a profound effect for good or bad, depending upon the point of view. Today also, clean water and anti-pollution are popular crusades. Someone or something has to be responsible and engineering and science are convenient scapegoats. Considerable emotionalism is involved and …

Response Of Fraxinus Pennsylvanica M. Provenances To Daylength And Temperature, Cheng-Chun Ying

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 3, Nos. 3 And 4. September-December, 1971

The Prairie Naturalist

EDITORIAL: Badlands-Old and New ▪ Paul B. Kannowski

SEASONAL INVESTIGATIONS OF ALGAE FROM DEVILS LAKE, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Richard Verch and Dean W. Blinn

THE VASCULAR FLORA OF PEMBINA COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Rays E. Willenbring and William T. Barker

LET'S EAT WILD ▪ Alan M. Cvancara

SURF SCOTER IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ Harold A. Kantrud

SNOW GOOSE-CANADA GOOSE HYBRIDS ▪ David C. McGlauchlin

NOTES

Cowbird parasitism of an upland plover nest ▪ Kenneth F. Higgins

Birds sighted within one hour from one observation point in Burleigh County, North Dakota ▪ William A. Buresh

Golden-winged warbler in Burleigh County, North …

Metabolic Role Of Sulfates And Sulfides Producing Bacteria In Pollution Of Waters, M. I. H. Aleem

KWRRI Research Reports

Cytochrome transport particles from Nitrobacter catalyzed nitrite, ascorbate as well as NADH oxidation with concomitant phosphate esterification yielding P/0 ratios of 1.0, 0.6 and 2.0 respectively. Phosphorylation coupled to nitrite oxidation was not effected by rotenone, amytal or antimycin while 50 and 70% inhibition of the NADH-linked phosphorylation was observed in the presence of HOQNO and rotenone respectively. Cell-free extracts from Nitrobacter also catalyzed an energy-dependent reduction of NAD⁺ by nitrite. The reduction of cytochrome c by NŌ₂ was energy-dependent which involved the reversal of electrons from cytochrome a₁. The subsequent energy-linked reduction of the flavoproteins …

Capillary-Diffusion And Self-Diffusion Of Liquid Water In Unsaturated Soils, Ronald E. Phillips, V. L. Quisenberry Jr.

KWRRI Research Reports

Capillary-diffusion coefficients were measured by use of inflow and outflow methods. With both methods the capillary-diffusion coefficients decreased very rapidly with decreasing water content. The lighter textured soils were found to have the higher diffusion coefficients over the entire moisture content range studied, 0 to 1 bar tension.

Self-diffusion coefficients were measured over a moisture content range from air dryness to saturation using ³H as a tracer of water. Each of the soils gave the same diffusion characteristics when the self-diffusion coefficients were expressed as a function of either water content or average number of water layers on the …

The History Of The Stream Preservation Movement In Arkansas, Rex Moreland Terry

Honors Theses

The history of Arkansas' Stream Preservation movement is not a long one, because only in the recent past have Arkansans taken a serious look at the long term effects of such things as damming streams and clearing land.

The core of the movement for stream preservation centers around the Buffalo River, in the Northwest Arkansas Ozarks. Because of this, the bulk of this paper will be devoted to the Buffalo.

Water Resources News, Volume 3, No. 9, November 1971

Water Current Newsletter

Program for the 1972 Interdisciplinary Seminar on Water Issues
Simulation of Groundwater Systems
Summer Short Course Planned
Recyling of Water
OSW Awards Freezing Plant Design Contract
Cloud-Seeding Program
Water Rights Study
"Turn-Key" Approach Proposed for Construction of Waste Treatment Plants
Water Quality Guidelines for Nation Being Updated by NAS for EPA
Nebraska Water Resources and Irrigation Development Seminar for the 1970s
EPA Names New Head of Solid Waste Programs Office
Symposium on Costs of Waster Pollution Control
Research Need
Symposium on Watershed Management
EPA Revising Regulations for Grants and Contracts
Internships in Science and Engineering

Survival Of Some Freshwater Fishes In The Alkaline Eutrophic Waters Of Nebraska, D. B. Mccarraher

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Staff Research Publications

Of 14 species of freshwater fishes held in cages in one or more of 13 alkaline lakes and ponds in Nebraska, few species survived more than a month where carbonate alkalinity, mostly as compounds of Na₂C0₃ and KC0₃, was above 300 mg/liter. Of the 14 species tested, Sacramento perch (Archoplites interruptus), fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), northern pike (Esox lucius), and the black bullhead (lctalurus melas), were the most tolerant of alkaline environments. Most centrachid fishes except A. interruptusand the green sunfish (Lepomis cyanel!us), did …

Report On Water Pollution Problems In Las Vegas Wash And Las Vegas Bay, Environmental Protection Agency

Publications (WR)

This report was prepared by the Federal Water- Quality Administration, Pacific Southwest Region, now the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region IX, at the request of the State of Nevada, Department of Health, Welfare, and rehabilitation. In a letter, dated December 5, 1969, this agency asked for technical assistance, as authorized by the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, in developing discharge standards appropriate for Las Vegas Bay, Lake Mead, and the Lower Colorado River. The subsequent study was performed by EPA from January through August, 1970. The establishment of Nevada State Water Quality Standards for these waters will enable responsible officials …

Water Resources News, Volume 3, No. 8, October 1971

Water Current Newsletter

WRC Report on Sharing Financial Responsibility of Water Development
Ground-water Quality Simulator
Environmental Impact Evaluation System Proposed
Industry-Government Oil Spill Conference Slated for 1973
National Urban Water Resources Research Program Report Published
River Development to Aid Rural Areas Should be "National Goal"
Water Circulation in San Francisco Bay Described
Discount Rate Raised to 5 3/8 Percent
Cornell Agricultural Waste Conference
Lawsuit Challenges Tennessee -- Tombigbee Waterwater
Corps of Engineers and Public Involvement

Computer Sheets, Walter A. Lawrance

Walter Lawrance Papers

No abstract provided.

Mill Pollution, Walter A. Lawrance

Walter Lawrance Papers

No abstract provided.

Pool Studies, Walter A. Lawrance

Walter Lawrance Papers

No abstract provided.

Special Studies, Walter A. Lawrance

Walter Lawrance Papers

No abstract provided.

D.O. And Other Tests, Walter A. Lawrance

Walter Lawrance Papers

No abstract provided.

L.A. General Data, Walter A. Lawrance

Walter Lawrance Papers

No abstract provided.

A Preliminary Ecological Study Of Areas To Be Impounded In The Salt River Basin Of Kentucky, Louis A. Krumholz, Stuart E. Neff, Edmond J. Bacon, Jerry S. Parsons, John D. Woodling

KWRRI Research Reports

This report includes work that is an extension of Project No. B-005-KY as reported in Research Report No. 43 of the University of Kentucky Water Resources Institute. That project was initiated in April 1968 as Project No. A-019-KY with principal emphasis on physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the main stem of the Salt River upstream from the proposed damsite for Taylorsville Lake, an impoundment of about 3, 600 acres at seasonal pool. The report includes descriptions of an additional 13 stations along the stream, bringing to 38 the number of permanent collecting sites.

Values for dissolved oxygen ranged from …

Detection And Identification Of Molecular Water Pollutants By Laser Raman Spectroscopy, Eugene B. Bradley, Charles A. Frenzel, John Reeves, Robert Mcconnell, Kay Lane

KWRRI Research Reports

Laser Raman spectroscopy is evolving into a primary tool for the Identification of molecular water pollutants. This study pushes the limits of detectivity of carbon disulfide and benzene to ~ 20 ppm in water solutions using a high-resolution Raman spectrometer, cooled detectors, and photon counting techniques. The primary limiting factors were found to be the low throughput and the scattered light performance of the monochromator as well as insufficient laser energy.

An optomized design for a pollution-measuring instrument is suggested, and a prototype has been built which is useful with any value of excitation energy short of sample degrading. The …