Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Urbanization And Environmental Change In The Lynnhaven Estuary, Randal D. Owen

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Fishes from the industrialized environs of the Elizabeth River, Virginia were surveyed for external evidence of disease during June through October 1984. A highly significant (p < 0.001) incidence of disease was found in demersal fishes collected by otter trawl from a site in the industrially contaminated Southern Branch compared to a less contaminated Western Branch site. Cataracts, fin erosion and dermal lesions were the most commonly occurring anomalies in the Southern Branch finfish.

Static, solid-phase toxicity tests employing sediment collected from the Southern Branch site resulted in an immediate toxic stress in the spot, Leiostomus xanthurus, which resulted in 100% mortality within 24 hours, compared with no mortalities in control systems. Spot exposed to control, i.e., pollution free, and diluted Southern Branch sediments innoculated with the pathogenic bacterial species, Vibrio anguillarium, developed significant (p ≤ 0.020) cases of fin erosion at a mean total bacterial community density …

Storm Surge Predictions At Sewell's Point With Local Wind, Pressure, And Previous Surge As Surge Predictors In Chesapeake Bay, Joy Elaine Moses

OES Theses and Dissertations

The statistical model used to predict storm surge. which is defined as the difference between observed water level and predicted astronomical tide. at Sewell's Point. Virginia. for the last ten years relies on forecast surface air pressures interpolated over a large portion of the Atlantic Ocean. A variation on this method is developed which adds previous station surge and local wind and pressure terms with time leads up to 18 hours to the Pore prediction for surge. and develops surge prediction equations for three substations eight to 65 miles (13 to 105 km) from Sewell's Point. The Sewell's Point surge …

Bathymetric Artifacts In Sea Beam Data: How To Recognize Them And What Causes Them, Christian De Moustier, Martin C. Kleinrock

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Sea Beam multibeam bathymetric data have greatly advanced understanding of the deep seafloor. However, several types of bathymetric artifacts have been identified in Sea Beam's contoured output. Surveys with many overlapping swaths and digital recording on magnetic tape of Sea Beam's 16 acoustic returns made it possible to evaluate actual system performance. The artifacts are not due to the contouring algorithm used. Rather, they result from errors in echo detection and processing. These errors are due to internal factors such as side lobe interference, bottom-tracking gate malfunctions, or external interference from other sound sources (e.g., 3.5 kHz echo sounders or …

Assuring Sustained Groundwater Availability & Achieving Conjunctive Water Management By Target Approaches, Ann W. Peralta

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Beyond Bathymetry: Mapping Acoustic Backscattering From The Deep Seafloor With Sea Beam, Christian De Moustier

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

In its standard mode of operation, the multibeam echosounder Sea Beam produces high resolution bathymetric contour charts of the seafloor surveyed. However, additional information about the nature of the seafloor can be extracted from the structure of the echo signals received by the system. Such signals have been recorded digitally over a variety of seafloor environments for which independent observations from bottom photographs or sidescan sonars were available. An attempt is made to relate the statistical properties of the bottom‐backscattered sound field to the independently observed geologicalcharacteristics of the seafloor surveyed. Acoustic boundary mapping over flat areas is achieved by …

Phase Ii Report Hurricane Kate Report Capt. Crunch Report Wellwood Shipping Company, Richard E. Dodge, W. Goldberg, D. Landmeier, G. Mcintosh, B. Raymond, L. Rivas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Reports

No abstract provided.

Explorations, Vol. 2, No. 2, Kathleen Lignell, Carole J. Bombard, David Dean, James A. Wilson, Robert S. Steneck, Les Watling, David K. Stevenson, Daniel F. Belknap, Joseph T. Kelley

Explorations — A Journal of Research

Cover: The painting reproduced on the cover is an oil on canvas entitled “Konrad Oberhuber’s Visit to Compass Harbor, Maine, ” by Michael Lewis, 1985. Lewis is Professor of Art at the University of Maine at Orono. ©Michael Lewis, 1985

Articles include:
"The Gulf of Maine: A Sea Beside a Sea," by Kathleen Lignell

"The Gulf of Maine Littoral world of promise," by Carole J. Bombard for David Sanger

"Marine Worms Worth Fifteen Dollars Each?" by David Dean

"Free Trade, Not Trade War," by James A. Wilson

"Inner Space—The Gulf of Maine: its history and future for research," by Robert …

The Ecology Of Skeleton Weed (Chondrilla Juncea) In Western Australia. Survival And Fecundity Of Wild Radish (Raphanus Raphanistrum) Populations In Lupin Crops. Reproduction And Seed Persistence In Arum Lily (Zantedeschia Aethiopica)., F. D. Panetta

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

After ripening and fates of field-stored skeleton weed seeds, 86BA11. Predation on seeds of skeleton weed, 86BA10. The effects of wetting/drying cycles upon the fates of skeleton weed seeds, 84PE42. Skeleton weed demographic studies, 84BA17. Radish control in lupins, 86N085. Seed production and seed persistence in Arum lily, 86PE56. Germination studies on fresh and stored seeds of Arum lily, 86PE57.

The Physics Of The Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Worth D. Nowlin, John M. Klinck

CCPO Publications

A region of transition of surface water characteristics from subantarctic to Antarctic and an associated eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) have long been recognized to exist as a band around Antarctica. In this review we summarize the most important observational and theoretical findings of the past decade regarding the ACC, identify gaps in our knowledge, and recommend studies to address these. The nature of the meridional zonation of the ACC is only now being revealed. The ACC seems to exist as multiple narrow jets imbedded in, or associated with, density fronts (the Subantarctic and Polar fronts) which appear to …

Deep Flow Variability In Central Drake Passage, John M. Klinck, Eileen E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

A rotary empirical orthogonal function analysis of the currents measured in central Drake Passage during DRAKE 79 shows that the deep (2500 m) flow has the same spatial and temporal structure as the flow at 500 m, suggesting that current variability in this region penetrates to the bottom. However, comparison of the time amplitude of the corresponding modes indicates that the variability of the 2500 m flow resulting from north to south shifts in the location of the Polar Front lags that at 500 m by one to three days. This implies that the Polar Front slopes to the east …

Foliar Wheat Diseases And Cereal Smuts., R. Loughman, A. E. Twigg

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Chemical control of leaf spots of wheat, 86BA41, 86MT49. Semi-natural inoculum for plant breeders plots, 86MD2. Chemical control of soil-borne flag smut, 86ME73, 86M032. Chemical control of barley loose smut, 86AL50, 86KA59, 86MT47. Chemical control of loose smut in barley with different levels of seed infections, 86MT48. Disease characterisation of cereal variety trial stage 4 sites.

The Ecology Of Skeleton Weed In Western Australia, Afghan Thistle Ecology, Biology Of Gorteria Personata., J. Dodd

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

The ecology of skeleton weed in Western Australia, 84BA17. Afghan thistle ecology, 84N050. Regenerative ability of stem and root segments, 85PE51. Biology of Gorteria personata, 86M03, 86N08. Life cycle, 86M03, 86N08. Germination requirements, 86PE7.

Weed Seed Ecology., A. H. Cheam

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Population dynamics of Brome grass in relation to control systems, 86C1. Wild radish control in lupins, 86N085. Preplanting operations to stimulate Doublegee emergence, 85C89. Postplanting operations to stimulate Doublegee emergence, 85C90.

1. Cereal Agronomy, 2. Pesticides, J. H. Moore, G. R. Dean

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Best bet minimum tillage, 86AL38, 86AL39, 86AL40. Minimum tillage factors, 86AL62. South coast potential yield factors, 86 AL 81, 86AL82. Time of planting by variety interaction - south coast, 86AL87. Capeweed control in cereals with residual herbicides, 86AL45. Sprayseed/glean, roundup/glean tank mixes for grass control, 86AL43. Sorrel control systems, 86AL43. Sorrel control for pasture establishment. Pre plant ally on barley, 86AL86. Pre plant ally on oats, 86AL84, 86AL85. Pre plant ally on clover, 86AL63. Pre plant ally on peas, 86AL65. Pre plant ally on rape, 86AL67. Double knockdowns, 86AL68, 86MT67. Rate, time of spraying and scarifying interaction on pre-p1ant herbicides, …

Capeweed Control In Cereals., J. R. Peirce, B. J. Rayner

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Capeweed control in cereals pre-sowing control, 86WH58. Capeweed control in cereals post-emergence control, 86WH59. Capeweed control in cereals post-emergence control with Reglone®, 86WH69. Capeweed control in cereals post-emergence control with various products, 86WH70. Capeweed control in cereals post-emergence control with mixtures, 86WH74. Lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula) control along roadsides, 86WH75. Chemical control of Four o'Clock (Oxalis purpurea) in cereals, 86N0110. Hoegrass, different rates with oils or wetting agent for wild oat control in cereals, 86N0118. Chemicals x depth of blade plowing to control couch, 86N010. Chemical x cultural control of couch (long-term), 85N092. Chemical control of couch prior to cereal establishment, …

Effectiveness Of Various Herbicides On Hoegrass Resistant Wild Oats. Effect Of Herbicides On Hoegrass Resistant Annual Ryegrass. Growth Of Cereals Planted In Simazine Treated Soil. Growth Of Wheat One Year After Simazine. Glean Use On Drier Alkaline Soils., T. Piper

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

86N0113, 86N0114, 86N0115, 86N0116, 86N0102, 86N0103, 86N0103, 86N0104, 86N0105, 85WH54, 85ME56, 85N27, 86WH51, 86N34, 85N30, 86WH52, 86N33, 86WH53, 86SG25,

Pennsylvania's Implementation Of The Surface Mining Control And Reclamation Act: An Assessment Of How "Cooperative Federalism" Can Make State Regulatory Programs More Effective, John C. Dernbach

John C. Dernbach

No abstract provided.

Ua66/8/2 Climate Of Paducah, Kentucky, Wku Kentucky Climate Center, Glen Conner, Tom Feeney, Vernon Pyse

WKU Archives Records

Climatological summary of weather and temperatures for Paducah, Kentucky between 1956 and 1985

The Influence Of Lobster Trap Escape Gaps On Capture And Behavior Of The Spiny Lobster, Panulirus Argus (Latreille), Denis William Frazel

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Interest in the potential usefulness of lobster trap escape gaps in the Florida spiny lobster fishery prompted an independent examination of their influence on capture and behavior of the spiny lobster, Panulirus argus. A trapping study was conducted off Southeastern Florida during 1984/1985 using control traps, and traps with escape gap openings of 51, 54, and 57 mm. The 51 mm escape gap caught significantly more legal lobsters than any other trap, while the 54 and 57 mm escape gap caught significantly fewer sublegal lobsters. Carapace lengths of lobsters increased as escape gap width increased.

The impact of escape …

Reconnaissance Bathymetry Of Basins Occupied By Pleistocene Lake Lahontan, Nevada And California, Larry Benson, M. D. Mifflin

United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications

Beginning about 12,500 years B.P., Lake Lahontan began to decline (fig. 1: Black Rock Desert data from Davis [1983]; Truckee River Delta data from Born [1972]; tufa data from Benson [1981]; packrat-midden data from Thompson and others [1985]) . As water levels declined, their altitudes fell below sill altitudes (table 1); locations of these sills are shown in figure 2. Today, five surface-water bodies (Black Rock Playa, Humboldt-Carson Sink, Walker Lake, Pyramid Lake, Honey Lake) exist in four of the seven subbasins (fig. 2).

The collective surface area of the modern lakes today (1985) totals less than 1,600 km2 . …

Air Chemistry Over The Tropical Forest Of Guyana, Gl Gregory, Rc Harriss, Rw Talbot, Ra Rasmussen, M Garstang, Mo Andrae, Rr Hinton, Et Al

VIMS Articles

No abstract provided.

Storage Efficiency Of Estuaries, Maynard M. Nichols

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Estuaries or the U.S. Atlantic coast exhibit a range or storage efficiencies from complete storage to partial by-passing through the system. Efficiency, I.e. the ratio or sediment accumulation to river Input rate, ranges 0.7 in the Altamaha River, Ga. to 7.6 In the Choptank River, Md. Northern estuaries trap and store the bulk or their river input In addition to large amounts or sediment supplied from other sources. Southern estuaries accumulate major sediment loads in marshes and allow partial escape through channels to the sea.

The storage efficiency or difrerent estuaries is compared with respect to key factors that can …

Acid Deposition: Legal And Political Controversies, Noelle F. Lewis

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Acid rain is more accurately referred to as acid deposition since acidity is deposited in both the wet and dry form. Acid rain results from the conversion of sulfur and nitrogen gases to sulfates and nitrates, respectively. In the United States, sulfur compounds are responsible for about two-thirds of the acidity in precipitation; nitrogen compounds, one-third. In 1980, man-made sources in the United States emitted approximately 26 million tons of sulfur dioxide and 21 million tons nitrogen oxides. Within the United States, the major sources of sulfur dioxide emissions, approximately 90-95% of the total, are electric generating utilities, industrial boilers, …

Management Of Marine Fisheries Resources In Peninsular Malaysia, Abdul Jamal Mydin

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The inshore fisheries of Peninsular Malaysia are intensively exploited on the east coast and over-exploited on the west coast. Fishing effort and investment need to be reduced, particularly on the west coast. This is important in order to make harvest more economically efficient in terms of manpower and capital and to conserve the resources. Since 1981 Malaysia has adopted a Fisheries Licensing Policy addressed to (1) the elimination of the competition and ensuing conflict between the traditional fishermen and minitrawler fishermen in inshore waters; (2) the prevention of over-exploitation of the fishery resources in the inshore waters; and (3) the …

A Review Of The Management And Current Status Of Northern Fur Seals Of The Pribilof Islands, Holly Hansell

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The North pacific fur seals of Alaska's Pribilof Islands have been subjected to commercial harvest for nearly 200 years. The harvest has been regulated under international agreement almost continuously since 1911; first under the 1911 North Pacific Fur Seal Convention, and following that under the 1957 Interim Convention on Conservation of North Pacific Fur Seals. Both Conventions banned pelagic sealing and divided the restricted land harvest among the four member states, the United States, Canada, Japan, and the Soviet Union. Management under the 1911 convention resulted in a steady increase in the severely depleted fur seal herd, restoring the population …

Murky Waters: United States Port Capacity And Dredging Issues, Peter John Rochford

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The events of this decade has brought public attention on the adequacy of United States ports to serve the nation's needs. Many experts involved in maritime transportation have noted that the United States would be able to enjoy economies of scale associated with large vessels only if the United States developed substantially deeper ports capable of handling these large vessels. Although the apparent advantages and trends to larger vessels in the world fleet were evident, recent history has seen little in the way of a response to these perceived needs for deeper United States ports. This study addresses important issues …

The Development Of The Shrimp Mariculture Industry In Ecuador And Its Impact On The U.S. Market, Richard A. Norton

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The demand for tropical shrimp is increasing at a much higher rate than other fish and seafood commodities. With this increase in demand, there has been enormous interest to expand global shrimp production. Mariculture, the term used to describe the practice of farming animal and/or plant life from the sea, has created new opportunities and problems for the future of the global shrimp industry. Since shrimp is considered a high-value food commodity, the development has drawn interest from many United States and European investors. One country in particular, Ecuador, which will be the focus of this discussion, has exemplified many …

The Canadian And Soviet Claims To The Arctic Sea Routes: A Comparative Study, Raymond C. Bourgeois

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The Arctic Polar Region is becoming increasingly important in terms of strategic operations. especially on the part of the superpowers. Surrounding the Arctic Ocean are two passages through which international navigation is possible. The Northwest Passage lies within Canada's coastline. and the Northeast Passage. within the Soviet Union's northern shores. Both countries have advanced claims to the effect that the waters of these passages are under their respective exclusive jurisdiction; thus. they are claiming these as their internal waters. The US disagrees and maintains that the waters of those northern Arctic sea routes are international waters. This paper discusses the …

Analysis Of A Worst Case Oil Spill Eis, Galveston, Gail Elizabeth Meisner

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

On July 8, 1980, the Galveston district of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) issued the permits required for the construction of an onshore deepwater port. The proposed port expansion project has been the subject of extensive controversy and litigation. The primary conflict has centered on the exclusion of a worst case oil spill analysis, as required by recent Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations. A rational-deductive approach to this decision leads to the conclusion that the economically and environmentally favored choice would have been to include the worst case analysis in the initial Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Because …

Satellite Remote Sensing And Fisheries Applications, Holly M. Turton

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Satellite remote sensing has the capacity to aid the three major components of a fishery: research, management, and the fishing industry. An evaluation of the potential of satellite-derived data to the fishery is based upon six case studies which are presented as evidence of the capabilities of satellite-borne sensors. Peripheral applications pertaining to the marine environment and possible applications for the future are reviewed. Three basic categories of remote sensing programs related to the fishery are defined: one to test the applicability of the technology to the field of fisheries; another to employ the technology to fisheries research; and a …