Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Volume 5, Number 9 (September 1981), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

Estimating Water Demand Schedules For Selected Industries In Arkansas, Joseph A. Ziegler, Stephen E. Bell

Technical Reports

Water demand functions for the paper and chemical industries in the state of Arkansas were estimated utilizing data collected from individual plants throughout the state. Regression analysis was used to estimate demand functions from a data base which included information on intake and gross water use by source, recirculated water use, costs of acquiring, treating, and discharging water, plant output, employment, and level of technology. The demand for intake water was estimated as an exponential function of average water costs and the level of technology primarily. Price elasticities of demand were estimated as approximately equal to one for both industries. …

A Faunal Analysis Of The Springs Of The Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas, Henry W. Robison

Technical Reports

Spring ecosystems in Arkansas have historically received little attention. A faunal survey was made of 33 springs located in the core area Ouachita Mountains physiographic province. The study area was 135 x 80 km extending west from Hot Springs, Arkansas to the Oklahoma line. Springs in the Ouachita Mountain physiographic province were characterized as generally faunistically poor with often a single species such as the isopod, Lirceus h. hoppinae, being the dominant faunal element both numerically and with regard to biomass. A total of 40 species of invertebrate species and eight vertebrate species were collected from the spring environs during …

Classification And Ranking Of Selectd Arkansas Lakes, Robert E. Babcock, Eugene H. Schmitz, Thomas Buchanan, Richard L. Meyer, James I. Meinecke, David B. Czarnecki

Technical Reports

Trophic-state related problems associated with waters in the United States have generated tremendous public interest and concern, particularly during the past decade. These interests and concerns led to Public Law 92-500, the mandate by Congress known as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. Various sections of PL 92-500 directly address the need for trophic-state analyses, particularly Section 314 referred to as the Clean Lakes Program which assigns states the responsibility for classifying their lakes according to water quality, identifying methods of pollution control and restoring those lakes which have become degraded.

Application Of A New Method For Quantitative Evaluation Of Stream Benthic Algal Populations, Richard L. Meyer, Neil Woomer

Technical Reports

The response of stream biota to changing water quality or other ecosystem perturbations is an important means of assessing water quality. The dynamic nature of streams induces significant sampling and measurement problems. In smaller streams a true algal plankton subcommunity is lacking and the major location for the production of algae is attachment onto stones and other stable surfaces at the substrate-water interface. Several artificial techniques have been developed to analyze the composition of a portion of the epiphytic periphyton (algae attached to stones) but not populations which are qualitatively and quantitatively similar to natural substrates. A newly developed substrate …

Monthly Salinity Data For The York River Plotted By River Mile By Month, Frank J. Wojcik

Reports

This report presents graphs on the mean salinities yearly by five mile intervals upriver from the mouth of the York River, and these are overlaid with 25-year average data for the same month, along with the 95% confidence intervals.

Characteristics Of Water Vapor Tracked Winds, Frederick R. Mosher

Publications

Wind measurements were obtained by tracking water vapor features on Meteosat and GOES-VAS 6.7 micron water vapor images. While pure water vapor features are fuzzy, there are discernible features which can be tracked. An investigation of preprocessing algorithms designed to bring out the features to be tracked showed that high pass filters tended to bring out the noise in the image, while low pass filters washed out the features. Sliced linear gray scale stretching under operator control gave the best enhancement to the water vapor features.

Connquest, Sandra Cookson, D.W. Allinson, G.S. Speer, R.W. Taylor, R.P. Prince, J.W. Bartok, D.W. Protheroe, D.R. Miller

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Volume 5, Number 8 (August 1981), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

Water Quality Considerations In The Slurry Pipelining Of Coal, James W. Moore

Technical Reports

Interest in the use of slurry pipelines for the movement of large volumes of coal over long distances has increased rapidly during the last decade. In the early 1970's, this interest involved the movement of Western coals to markets in the southwestern and western United States. In recent years, however, interest in the use of slurry pipelines for transporting Eastern coal developed. Very little information was available concerning the water quality aspects of the slurry pipelining of Eastern coal. The research program was developed to commence building the data base in this regard. Extensive water quality investigations were conducted using …

Volume 5, Number 7 (July 1981), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

Meteorological Significance Of Cloud Tracked Winds During Dst-5 And Dst-6, H. M. Goodman, Frederick Mosher, Tod Stewart, Verner Suomi

Publications

A study has been conducted to determine the meteorological significance of satellite derived cloud drift winds using data from the Data Systems Test (DST). Three synoptic weather events were chosen during DST-6 (January 5-March 5) for weather analysis and comparison. The three events each contained a prominent weather feature over the north Pacific Ocean. Two satellite sources (NESS and the University of Wisconsin), radiosonde and commercial aircraft reports combined to produce a wind set covering the target area.

Notes On Recent Changes In Tanaidacean Terminology, Charles G. Messing

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

no abstract available

A Hydrologic Carbonate Chemistry Model Of Flooded Rice Fields, James A. Ferguson, John T. Gilmour

Technical Reports

Many flooded rice fields in Arkansas are irrigated with subterranean waters saturated or supersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate. Deposition of calcium carbonate from these waters largely occurs near field inlets and in flow areas (1). When sufficient amounts of calcium carbonate accumulate, soil pH rises and zinc deficiency occurs in rice seedlings grown on the affected soil (2). The use of zinc fertilizers has provided a short-term solution to the problem (3), but does not provide a water management alternative which would slow, stop or reverse the localized accumulation of calcium carbonate and concomitant soil pH increase.

European Community Seaport Policy: Competition Or Cooperation, Michael J. Giari

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The objective of this paper is to examine the development of Community port policy and analyze how and why certain factors have impeded progress in this sector of the EC. This paper will test the hypothesis that there are major economic, technological and political forces, outside of the EC, which are moving Community ports towards regional cooperation. Further European integration in a variety of fields, including ports and maritime transportation is not only desirable but inevitable. A new port-related organization to promote and direct this cooperative port effort will be proposed. Geographically this paper will focus on the North Sea …

Diagenesis Of Organic Matter In Las Vegas Bay And Bonelli Bay, Lake Mead, James W. Murray, Carolyn J. Jones, Kathy Kuivila, Jeff Sawlan

Publications (WR)

The interstitial water chemistry of the sediments of Las Vegas Bay and Bonelli Bay in Lake Mead has been studied as part of a comprehensive water quality study of those locations. Pore water and solid phase analyses were completed from four stations in Las Vegas Bay and two stations in Bonelli Bay. At both locations the pore water compositions and organic matter diagenesis in the sediments are dominated by sulfate reduction. This major role of sulfate reduction is unusual for lake sediments and reflects the fact that SO₄ is the major anion in the lake water. In addition, gypsum …

The Port Of Baltimore-Containers And Railroads: A Necessary Interaction, Thomas Sweeny

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper came about as a synthesis of interests in ships, railroads and history. Perhaps no other port on the East Coast has such a strong blend of these three forces as the Port of Baltimore. This paper is about the interaction of railroads and the port and how this interaction continues to play a major role in the Port of Baltimore's development. The original hypothesis assumed that Baltimore's strong history with the railroads made her a railroad port. But hard times and competitive truck rates have driven the railroads out of Baltimore to such an extent that rail service …

Reconnaissance Glacio-Chemical Studies In The Indian Himalayas, Paul Andrew Mayewski, William Berry Lyons, Nasseruddin Ahmad

Earth Science Faculty Scholarship

Analysis of reactive silicate, ammonium, phosphate, iron and sodium from cores taken from three glaciers in the Kashmir portion of the Himalayas are reported as the first in a series of glacio-chemical studies designed to produce proxy paleoclimatic data for this region. This study stresses the elevation dependency of such studies and for the chemical species analyzed which are most reliable for the purpose of the study.

Acidity Of Recent Himalayan Snow, William Berry Lyons, Paul Andrew Mayewski, Nasseruddin Ahmad

Earth Science Faculty Scholarship

Surface snows collected at various elevations in the Indian Himalayas were analyzed in the field for pH as part of a broader study of the chemistry. The pH values are lower than the predicted ≅5.6 for unpolluted precipitation. Analysis of NO₃ + NO₂, Cl, SO₄ and NH₄ indicate that these low pH values are not completely due to the presence of strong mineral acids. The strong correlation of pH with elevation (i.e. temperature) suggests that the low pH values are due to the snow being supersaturated with CO₂.

Volume 5, Number 6 (June 1981), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

Chemical And Biological Structure Of Lake Mead Sediments, Richard T. Prentki, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker

Publications (WR)

Lake Mead has undergone a serious decline since Glen Canyon Dam was constructed 450 km upstream in 1963.

State fisheries management agencies are concerned that the decline was caused by water level fluctuations and more severe drawdowns during the bass spawning season, when the operation of Hoover Dam was altered during the post-Lake Powell period.

The construction of Glen Canyon Dam and formation of Lake Powell in 1963 drastically altered the natural discharge and temperature cycles and decreased suspended sediment and nutrient loading in the Colorado River inflow to Lake Mead. Recent studies indicate that these changes in nutrient loading …

Fuel Saving Methods For The Commercial Fishing Fleet, Gerald H. Taylor

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The Oil Embargo of 1973 emphasized not only how oil dependent the fishing industry has become but that the days of inexpensive energy had ended. Oil prices have risen dramatically, but so have the price tags on new technologies, labor, vessel renovation, new construction and the cost of procuring capital for making improvements. However, one must focus on the long range picture versus the short term snap shot. This can be accomplished by looking at two aspects of the problem. First, as costs increase so does the price of fish in the marketplace. There is a point however where the …

Volume 5, Number 5 (May 1981), The Solar Ocean Energy Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

Toward The Marketing Of Seafood Harvested In New England, Daniel R. Kilty Ph.D

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In this study the author will concentrate on the marketing activitiesof the U.S. commercial fishing industry. The study will use examples from New England to illustrate various points covered in the study. Particular reference will be made to the geographic area of Southern New England and move specifically to Point Judith, Rhode Island and New Bedford, Massachusetts. The study is divided into two parts. Part I reviews the situation in the industry prior to 1976, the Fishery Conservation Management Act, theU.S./Canadian East Coast Fisheries Agreement and the American Fisheries Promotion Act. Part II applies the marketing mix to the industry …

The Potential Of The Port Of New York In The Export/Domestic Coal Trade, Jane E. Mccallion

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper researches the potential of the Port of New York in the Export/Domestic coal trade markets.The Port is faced with short-term and long-term proposals in order to enter these markets. On a short-term basis, the Port will be able to offer an advantage to export markets because of the backlog at the traditional coal ports of Hampton Roads, Baltimore, and Philadelphia. A modest export trade can develop this way. In the domestic trade, substantial inroads can be made due to the conversion of power plants in New England to coal-fired. In the long-term, the Port is faced with the …

Where Have All The Stripers Gone?: An Analysis Of The Decline In The East Coast Striped Bass Fishery, Anthony P. Chatowsky

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Beginning in 1975 striped bass sports fishermen noticed a decrease in fish around. This decline was cause for alarm in 1977 when few striped bass were caught from shore. Commercial catch statistics showed that in 1973, 13,504,000 pounds of bass were landed. In 1979 the poundage was 3,492,000, a significant drop of 74%. This led to the development of state and regional striped bass advisory committees, an N.M.F.S. and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Emergency Action Plan and Congressional appropriation of 4.7 million dollars in 1979 to study the problem. The problem is multifactored and solutions lie in consistent coastal management …

Response To Freshwater Inflow In The Rappahannock Estuary, Virginia : Operation Hiflo '78, Maynard M. Nichols, L. Eugene Cronin, William B. Cronin, M. Grant Gross, Bruce W. Nelson, Jack W. Pierce, Robert E. Ulanowicz

Reports

More sediment, nutrients and pollutants are discharged into an estuary during a few days of flood inflow than during many months or years of average inflow (Meade, 1972; Schubel, 1977), but few observations document the sedimentary response of an estuary to high freshwater inflow. Such inflows are usually unexpected and estuarine water charact~ristics change too rapidly to permit systematic measurements. Moreover, the expenditure of effort and number of sampling vessels required on short notice is beyond the resources of a single research group or institute. Yet, freshwater inflow observations are a key to improving water quality; especially to ameliorate the …

The Rhode Island Quahogger: Candidate For The List Of Endangered Species?, James M. Korney

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

It is the hypothesis of this paper that today the livelihood of the independent Narragansett Bay quahogger is faced with two potentially dangerous threats; water pollution in upper Narragansett Bay and the prospect of an expanding aquaculture industry in the lower bay. Unless the state of Rhode Island properly interprets and enforces existing state legislation to protect the quahoggers interests, his very livelihood will be jeoprodized. This paper will examine the legal, political, economic, and environmental affects of water pollution in upper Narragansett Bay and an expanding aquaculture industry in the lower bay in their relation to the Rhode Island …

The Impact Of The Federal Water Pollution Control Act On The Discharge Of Sanitary Waste From United States Navy Ships, William G. Fidyk

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

During the late 1960's and early 1970's several significant pieces of environmental legislation were enacted. These pieces of legislation were designed to restore, improve, preserve and protect our natural resources. The legislation with the most impact on the United State Navy and Naval vessels has been the Federal Water Pollution Control Act. In order to meet the statutory requirements of the Clean Water Act, the United States Navy had to embark on a program to: modify existing vessels with Marine Sanitation Devices (MSD's) and install such devices on new construction ships.

Municipal Sewage Treatment: Problems And Considerations, George R. Johnson

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The coastal areas are vital to the economic and physical well being of the United States. Virtually every facet of our way of life is related in some fashion to these coastal areas. Ocean borne transportation moves not only vast quantities of raw materials, but also many of the intermediate and final products that are then manufactured to their related market areas. Fisheries provide vast amounts of food and employment for many of our people. In addition, the coasts are a continuing source of enjoyment and recreation for millions of our citizens. Coastal waters provide much of the water necessary …