Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Trace Element Composition Of Stream Sediments An Integrating Factor For Water Quality, Kenneth F. Steele, Harold C. Macdonald, George H. Wagner, William S. Bowen

Technical Reports

Bottom sediments, suspended sediments, and water were sampled along 130 miles of the Buffalo River in northern Arkansas. The water and acid extracts of the suspended sediments and the minus 95 mesh fraction of the bottom sediments were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry. All samples were analyzed for Na, K, Mg, Ca, Zn, Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, and Mn. Selected bottom samples also were analyzed by As, Hg, and Zr. Zr was determined by x-ray fluorescence. Li and Sr were determined for selected water and suspended sediment samples. There is a general decrease downstream in Fe, Cu, …

An Evaluation Of The National Sea Grant Program, Christopher B. Llana

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

This paper will discuss the philosophies and management of the Sea Grant program and their effectiveness in meeting the original goals of the program as they were perceived when the National Sea Grant College and Program Act of 1966 were formulated.

Shell Growth In The Scallop Argopecten Irradians. I. Isotope Incorporation With Reference To Diurnal Growth, Alfred P. Wheeler, Patricia Blackwelder, Karl M. Wilbur

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

1. Incorporation of calcium and carbonate into shell has been studied in the scallop Argopecten irradians using ⁴⁵Ca and ¹⁴C-bicarbonate.

2. The incorporation of ⁴⁵Ca and ¹⁴C-carbonate into shell was linear with time after a lag period of 1 to 2 hours. The shell-forming mantle tissue attained a steady state with respect to ⁴⁵Ca in the sea water medium within 2 hours.

3. The molar ratio of ⁴⁵Ca to ¹⁴C-carbonate deposited in shell was not significantly different from unity during 5 hours.

4. The rate of incorporation of ¹⁴C-carbonate into shell was …

Pathogenic Free-Living Amoebae In Arkansas Recreational Waters, Leon W. Bone, David A. Becker

Technical Reports

Selected recreational waters of Arkansas were sampled for pathogenic free-living limax amoebae. Water quality parameters were determined for correlation with amoebic population densities and species diversity. Cultural criteria and animal inoculation revealed no pathogenic strains. The feasibility of introduction and/or induction of pathogenic amoebic strains by environmental factors necessitates further ecological investigaitons.

Movement Of Pesticides In The Soil Water Fertilizer System, H. Don Scott

Technical Reports

A theoretical and experimental study of the transport of pesticides was conducted in several Arkansas soils with metribuzin, a herbicide. In a field study, chloride and metribuzin were applied to a Captina silt loam under maximum leaching conditions and their redistribution was compared with that of soil water. Metribuzin was found in significantly detectable quantities to a depth of 61 cm; the largest concentrations were detected in the surface 23 cm and particularly in the 0-5 cm increment. Two days after application 72.6 and 33.6% could be detected in the vegetation and no-vegetation plots. The metribuzin half life was 7.88 …

Survival And Growth Rate Of Channel Catfish As A Function Of Dissolved-Oxygen Concentration, R. W. Raible

Technical Reports

Channel catfish were raised in water-recirculating systems for several periods of about six months duration each. Initial stock was fingerling size fish (10 to 20 grams). At dissolved-oxygen levels below 2.5 parts per million, mortality was high. Fish raised in tanks held at dissolved-oxygen levels between 3.0 and 6.8 parts per million showed increased gains of weight for each increment of added oxygen. Weight gains were as much as 50 percent higher at 6.8 parts per million compared with weights at 3.0 parts per million. Feed conversion was good in all cases. When feeding was limited to demand, feed conversion …

Biochrome Analysis As A Method For Assessing Phytoplankton Dynamics Phase Ii, Richard L. Meyer

Technical Reports

Selected chemical, physical and biological parameters were determined for a man-made lake, Beaver Lake, on the White River of Arkansas and Missouri. The research program determined the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the temporal and spatial distribution of the algal subcommunities. It was determined that the epipelic, epilithic, epizooic and metaphytic subcommunities had little influence on the euplanktonic subcommunity. The relationship between the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the biochromes chlorophyll-a, -b, and -c and the phytoplankton species clustered into biochrome sets is discussed. The temporal and spatial distributional patterns of temperature, oxygen, ammonia-N, nitrate-N, orthophosphate-P and silicates are described …

Salinity And Temperature Monitoring System Data For The Lower Rappahannock River Estuary, 1972-1974, G. C. Parker, C. S. Fang

Reports

The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) installed two remote monitoring stations in the lower reaches of the Rappahannock River to obtain continuous temperature and salinity measurements near the surface and the bottom. The first station was installed at the base of a concrete support of the Rappahannock River (Norris) Bridge, near the mouth of the, river (Figure 1). The second station was installed on the base of Navigation Aid Tower Number 9 just off of Smokey Point, roughly 11 nautical miles upstream from the Norris Bridge. Each station consisted of two salinity and t«~perature probes, one located 6 feet …

Heat And Moisture Conduction In Unsaturated Soils, J. A. Havens, R. E. Babcock

Technical Reports

Mathematical models are developed for the prediction of heat transfer from hot water pipes buried in the soil. Heat transfer in the absence of moisture transfer is described as a function of the difference between the temperature of the pipe and the temperature of the soil surface. The energy balance is used to determine the longitudinal temperature distribution of the water. The method is extended to describe a system of equally spaced, parallel buried pipes. Soil temperature profiles around the pipes are presented. The model is used to calculate the land area that can be heated by an underground piping …

Seasonal And Spatial Variation In Primary Productivity In Boulder Basin, Lake Mead, Clark County, Nevada, Isamu Aoki

Publications (WR)

The ¹⁴C light and dark bottle technique for measurement of primary production was utilized as a means of assessing the amount of inorganic carbon being converted Into organic form by the photosynthesis of phytoplankton populations In the Boulder Basin of Lake Mead.

Spatial and time series changes of productivity levels observed at eight sampling locations within Boulder Basin Indicate that the Influence of treated municipal arts' industrial effluent flowing into Les Vegas Bay is contributing high levels of available nutrients at Las Vegas Wash Inlet to cause productivity to approximate those levels associated with polluted waters.

Productivity levels at …

Public Access To Beaches In America, Michael Betty

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In the United States today there exists a growing, mobile population who wish to make use of what is considered to be a diminishing natural resource, the shoreline beaches. The public is denied access to the sea and the enjoyment of shore by the littoral land owner who occupies the beach area to the exclusion of all others.

It appears that the rights of the public will have to be expanded to insure adequate space and facilities for recreation. This expansion will encroach on private rights as the population seeks access to beach areas that have assumed a public character. …

Maritime Environment: A Systems Approach, Peter A. Roche

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Some maritime activities may be independent of each other but most are in competition and some are supportive in one way or other with most other maritime activities. Fisheries and merchant vessels rarely are at odds over matters of ocean traffic. However, both those activities may object to obstructions related to offshore oil drilling. Both municipalities and fisheries complain of merchant vessel pollution. Companies of different, states compete for offshoreoil lease rights. On the other hand, synergy and sublimation sometimes result from interworkings of maritime activities. Complexes of offshore platforms increase fish congregations. Powerplant cooling ponds transmute thermal pollution into …

The Deepwater Port Act Of 1974, James C. Moses

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

During the past two years of the 93rd Congress, no less than eleven different bills were introduced to deal with the various aspects of deep-water port development. Much has been made of the supposition that with energy conservation, higher petroleum prices, import quotas and all the other gas-saving ideas in vogue, deepwater ports have become an anachronism of pre-energy crisis days, the days of world-scale 400 in tankers and dreams of million-ton ULCC's. The truth of the matter is that we shall still, for an indeterminate period, require imported oil, by the dictum of economics, it will come via the …

Marine Orientation In The Republic Of South Africa, D. A. Bonvouloir

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Discusses marine orientation in The Republic of South Africa through the following topics; inputs (geography, population, fisheries); input processing (governmental structure, economic development, maritime utilization); decision making processes (Value System as Filter); marine-related decisions (pollution, shipbuilding); and outputs (treaties and agreements, domestic status, conflicts).

The Development Of The Soviet Merchant Marine, Wayne L. Chadick

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

The commercial fleet of the Soviet Union serves several purposes. It is an economic tool used to conserve scarse hard currency and even to earn it. The merchant marine has been a viable political tool. It has carried the influence and the doctrine of the USSR to many countries of the world. This has not been a recent use, but was done as far back as 1936 during the Spanish Civil War. Merchant shipping also supports the Russian Navy. This paper traces the development of the Russian Merchant Marine under the Soviet regime, and it discusses why and how this …

Vessel Traffic System (Vts) Solutions To Marine Traffic Problems, Warren W. Erikson

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

In modern times groundings, collisions, storm damage and losses of ships will all hands are not rare; these are still common risks. The essence of the modern problem is the growing size and speed of ships and the inadequacy of the "Rules" which have stood the test of human failings for so many years. Also, new concern for the environment and social consciousness make the situation urgent. This paper will examine the need for revision of rules and traditional attitudes. Present systems developed to cope with modern problems will be discussed, applications will be considered, and recommendations made for future …

A Regime For Archipelagos, Ralph Fink Iii

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

An analysis of the development of international law in the case of island States. The rights of these States to establish special juridical arrangements for their adjacent waters, and the effects of these decisions on other nations form the central theme. Any attempt at combining all the issues at stake into a single principle by LOS III appears doomed to failure. Success will be achieved by agreement on the separate issues and as a result of other actions not directly related to the problem of archipelagic States.

Beach Access: Public Right Or Public Privilege, John E. Jessup

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

All the coastal states of the U.S., particularly the more populous, have been and are struggling with the problem of obtaining public access to the nation's coastal beaches. There s a large volume of litigation and legislation devoted wholly or in part to mitigating the problem. It is the intent of this paper to examine some of the landmark court cases on the subject throughout the U.S. and also Federal legislation which has been proposed or enacted. Because the issue joined is so basic, i.e., public rights to use the beach vs. private property rights in that same beach, emotions …

A Joint Action Model For Semi-Enclosed Seas: A First Cut, Arthur W. Tate Jr.

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

Dr. Lewis Alexander of the University of Rhode Island authored a most informative and incisive paper concerning the relationship of regionalism and the Law of the Sea. In this paper Alexander focused on the special case of the semi-enclosed sea and suggested that the potential for joint action of nations surrounding these seas is worthy of special interest and study. Even a cursory review of a geographic atlas reveals that the 25 seas under consideration constitute rather definitive, logical, potential regions. Nations bordering a particular semi-enclosed sea assume at least one commonality immediately-the bordered sea. Such commonality theoretically infers that …

Sodium, Potassium, Calcium And Magnesium Content Of Northwest Arkansas Rain Water In 1974, G. H. Wagner

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Final Report: Buffalo National River Ecosystems, R. E. Babcock, H. C. Macdonald, D. G. Parker, Joe F. Nix, Kenneth F. Steele, Richard L. Meyer, R. W. Raible, D. A. Becker, R. V. Kilambi, E. H. Schmitz

Technical Reports

The objective of this study was to sample the Buffalo River on a seasonal basis for a year, in order to determine whether any potential water quality problems existed.

A Surface Circulation Study In Middle Elizabeth River, Ching Seng Fang, Christopher S . Welch, Hayden H. Gordon

Reports

A new oil refinery has been proposed to be located in Portsmouth, Virginia south of the Hampton Roads area. The Virginia Institute of Marine Science was asked by NUS Corporation to conduct a surface circulation study to assemble the characteristics of the flow near Lambert Point on the Elizabeth River (Figure 3.1).

This report includes a review of the previous work in the area, a description of the particular experiments performed, and an interpretation of the data in terms of surface circulation. Several small oil slicks were incidentally observed during the experiments and their behavior has been discussed in relation …

Summary Of 1974 Dock Control Field Trials, J M. Allen

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Dock control - Spray graze evaluations - 73BY8, 73HA4, 73BU5, 73MA6, 73DE6 Dicamba in pastures - 73AL38, 73BU9, 73AR9

1974 Seed Yield Of Early Maturing Crossbreds Under Wheatbelt Conditions, C. M. Francis

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Small plot trials sited at Merredin, Bencubbin and Bungil again demonstrated the 'bred' varieties to be at least the equal of Geraldton or Northam A under wheatbelt conditions. Growing season conditions at Bencubbin were the best for pasture in recent years. Merredin and Bungil also received above average rainfall but encountered dry conditions in September. Predictably the coarse siliceous nature of the Wodgil soil at Bungil in conjunction with the dry period produced very low seed yields. Crossbred 175.1.3 the leading crossbred at Merredin in 1973, was again significantly better than Geraldton or Northam A at Merredin and Bungil (Table …

Summary Of Trial Results - 1974, N R. Mckeown

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Observations and measurements were made on 10 grazing trials and 11 small-plot legume species trials in 1974. Three of the grazing trials were under crop, two of them concluding low oestrogen species trials which had been grazed since 1969, and one of them, 68M023, West Moora, as an interval between pasture phases. The small-plot trials dated from 1970 or later and on most of them half of each plot could be grazed by sheep and half was protected. These trials have continued to supply useful information on the suitabiliy of cultivars to soil and climate and will be the subject …

Hydroelectric Power Potential At Corps Of Engineers Projects : A Report, Ralph L. Trisko, United States. Army., Institiute For Water Resources

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

This report completes phase one of the study. It is intended to fill the need, recognized at the outset, for a broad framework within which subsequent more detailed study at the project level might take place. It is an overview of physical hydropower potential in the context of energy and water resources and demands, energy economics, and federal policy, organization, and practices pertaining to hydropower development and marketing.

1975 South West Sub.Clover Root Rot - 1975 Cultivation Experiments, M J. Barbetti, G C. Macnish

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Trials were established in 1975 in the South West of WA to investigate the effect of time of cultivation, and nitrogen application, upon the incidence and severity of both tap and lateral root rot subterranean clover. Nitrogen application had little in the way of consistent effects. Cultivation reduced the levels of both tap and lateral root rot in many instances. These effects were most obvious and consistent at about the end of May. Cultivation just prior to or just after the break of season were the best cultivation treatments. Cultivation does appear to show some promise as a means of …

1975 Part 1 - Rates And Times Of Potassium Applications On Lupins Cv Unicrop, W. J. Cox

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

K McQueen - Eneabba - 75TS1 I. Soil analysis II. Plant counts III. Seasonal dry matter production g/20 plants IV. Grain yield kg/ha harvested November 7, 1975 V. K, Ca, Mg and N in plants (a) effect of time of sampling (b) Effect of plant part on K concentration VI. K Ca, Mg and N uptake

Distribution And Relative Abundance Of Billfishes (Istiophoridae) Of The Indian Ocean, John Kenneth Howard, Walter A. Starck Ii

Studies in Tropical Oceanography

No abstract provided.

1974 Field Experiments On Legume Seed Inoculation, D. L. Chatel

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

The response of sweet lupins to inoculation in Western Australia Before proceeding with details of the six lupin inoculation experiments conducted in 1974 the following comments are presented as a brief summary of the work so far done on lupin inoculation. Thirty nine inoculation experiments with sweet lupins (mainly Lupinus angustifolius var. Uniwhite, Uniharvest and Unicrop have been conducted in South-Western Australia since 1970. They have been drill-sown under farmer conditions and they have been aimed at finding where it is necessary to inoculate and the best method of inoculating seed. Of the 39 trials, 36 gave better nodulation following …