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Articles 28531 - 28560 of 36695

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The Influence Of Ge Content And Annealing Temperature On The D.C And A.C Conductivity Of Ge_{X}Se_{1 - X} Thin Films, Maysoon Faisal Alias, M. N. Makadsi, Z. M. Al-Ajeli Jan 2003

The Influence Of Ge Content And Annealing Temperature On The D.C And A.C Conductivity Of Ge_{X}Se_{1 - X} Thin Films, Maysoon Faisal Alias, M. N. Makadsi, Z. M. Al-Ajeli

Turkish Journal of Physics

Various samples of Ge_{x}Se_{1 - x} system have been prepared for x = 0.05, 0.15& 0.25 in an evacuated quartz tube. Thin films of Ge_{x}Se_{1 - x} film have been prepared via a thermal evaporation method with 350 \pm 5 nm thickness and rate deposition 6 nm/s. The alloy structure and thin films have been examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used to examine the concentration of the composite elements (Ge and Se). The d.c and a.c conductivity of Ge_{x}Se_{1 - x} thin film have been studied as a function of Ge content x and annealing …

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An Open Singularity-Free Cosmological Model With Inflation, Koray Karaca, Selçuk Bayin Jan 2003

An Open Singularity-Free Cosmological Model With Inflation, Koray Karaca, Selçuk Bayin

Turkish Journal of Physics

In the light of recent observations which point to an open universe (\Omega _{0} < 1), we reconsider singularity-free models, originally constructed for closed universes. Our model starts from a nonsingular state called prematter, governed by an inflationary equation of state P=( \gamma _{p}-1) \rho , where \gamma _{p} is a small positive parameter representing the initial vacuum dominance of the universe. Unlike the closed models, an open universe cannot be initially static hence, starts with an initial expansion rate represented by the initial value of the Hubble constant H(0). Therefore, our model is a two-parameter universe model (\gamma _{p},H(0)). During the prematter phase, due to the unusual characteristic of the equation of state, the universe heats up even though it expands. When the temperature in the universe reaches the Planck temperature T_{pl}, which is taken as the maximum attainable physical temperature, a first order phase transition carries the universe into the radiation era. Then the universe starts to behave as predicted in the standard model. The model proposed in this work predicts a value between 60 and 80 Km\cdot \sec ^{-1}\cdot Mpc^{-1} for the present value of the Hubble constant H_{0}, and the predicted value of \Omega _{0} lies between 0.3 and 0.6. Comparing the predictions of this model for the present properties of the universe with the recent observational results, we argue that the model constructed in this paper could be used as a realistic universe model.

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High-Pressure Phase Transition In Some Alkali Halides Using Interatomic Potential Model, Harun Reşi̇t Yazar Jan 2003

High-Pressure Phase Transition In Some Alkali Halides Using Interatomic Potential Model, Harun Reşi̇t Yazar

Turkish Journal of Physics

We have predicted the phase transition pressure in some alkali halides NaCl and KCl using an interatomic potential approach based on a rigid ion model. We have obtained phase transition pressures 28.69 and 2.4 GPa, respectively, and are in close agreement with their corresponding experimental transition pressures 29.0 and 2.0 GPa. This approach is promising with respect to the prediction of the phase transition pressures of other alkali halides.

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Characterization Of In_{4}Te_{3} Single Crystals, M. Dongol, M. M. Nassary, M. K. Gerges, M. A. Sebag Jan 2003

Characterization Of In_{4}Te_{3} Single Crystals, M. Dongol, M. M. Nassary, M. K. Gerges, M. A. Sebag

Turkish Journal of Physics

Single crystals of In_{4}Te_{3} grown by modified Bridgman technique were characterized by measurement of the Hall coefficient, electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, in the temperature range 200-500 K. The investigated sample was found to be of P-type conductivity.R_{H} at room temperature was 3.1 \times 10^{14} cm^{3}/coul and the carrier concentration was evaluated as 2.007 \times 10^{14} cm^{3}. Energy gap \Delta E_{g} and ionization energy \Delta E_{a} were estimated as 0.28 eV and 0.12 eV, respectively, and the diffusion coefficient, the diffusion length, the mean free time between collision and the effective mass of carriers were evaluated. The variation of the …

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Semiclassical Dynamics With Quantum Trajectories: Formulation And Comparison With The Semiclassical Initial Value Representation Propagator, Sophya V. Garashchuk, V. A. Rassolov Jan 2003

Semiclassical Dynamics With Quantum Trajectories: Formulation And Comparison With The Semiclassical Initial Value Representation Propagator, Sophya V. Garashchuk, V. A. Rassolov

Faculty Publications

We present a time-dependent semiclassical method based on quantum trajectories. Quantum-mechanical effects are described via the quantum potential computed from the wave function density approximated as a linear combination of Gaussian fitting functions. The number of the fitting functions determines the accuracy of the approximate quantum potential (AQP). One Gaussian fit reproduces time-evolution of a Gaussian wave packet in a parabolic potential. The limit of the large number of fitting Gaussians and trajectories gives the full quantum-mechanical result. The method is systematically improvable from classical to fully quantum. The fitting procedure is implemented as a gradient minimization. We also compare …

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Comparison Between The Ultraviolet Emission From Pulsed Microhollow Cathode Discharges In Xenon And Argon, Isfried Petzenhauser, Leopold D. Biborosch, Uwe Ernst, Klaus Frank, Karl H. Schoenbach Jan 2003

Comparison Between The Ultraviolet Emission From Pulsed Microhollow Cathode Discharges In Xenon And Argon, Isfried Petzenhauser, Leopold D. Biborosch, Uwe Ernst, Klaus Frank, Karl H. Schoenbach

Bioelectrics Publications

We measured the dynamic I–V characteristics and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) emission lines of the second continuum in xenon (170 nm) and argon (130.5 nm) from pulsed microhollow cathode discharges (MHCD). For pulse lengths between 1 and 100 μs the dynamic I–V characteristics are similar in both inert gases. Only the time variation of the VUV emission line at 170 nm for xenon can be related to the dimer excited states. In argon the energy transfer between the Ar*2 dimers and the oxygen impurity atoms is responsible for a qualitatively different time behavior of the resonance line at 130.5 nm. …

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Dynamic Nonlinear Effect On Lasing In Random Media, B. Liu, Alexey Yamilov, Y. Ling, J. Y. Xu, Hui Cao Jan 2003

Dynamic Nonlinear Effect On Lasing In Random Media, B. Liu, Alexey Yamilov, Y. Ling, J. Y. Xu, Hui Cao

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We investigate the dynamic effect of nonlinearity on lasing in disordered medium. The third-order nonlinearity not only changes frequency and size of lasing mode, but also modifies laser emission intensity and laser pulse width.

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Postcollisional Decay In Ne Multiple Ionization By H2+ Ions In Breakup Collisions, M. M. Sant'anna, H. Luna, Antonio C. Santos, C. Mcgrath, M. B. Shah, E. G. Cavalcanti, G. M. Sigaud, E. C. Montenegro Jan 2003

Postcollisional Decay In Ne Multiple Ionization By H2+ Ions In Breakup Collisions, M. M. Sant'anna, H. Luna, Antonio C. Santos, C. Mcgrath, M. B. Shah, E. G. Cavalcanti, G. M. Sigaud, E. C. Montenegro

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We measured the Neq+ charge-state yield distribution for Ne atoms multiply ionized by 1-MeV/amu H2+ in coincidence with the final state of the projectile, for both breakup and Non breakup channels. Measurements with 1-MeV H+ projectiles were also performed. While the H2+ Non breakup channel produces results similar to equal-velocity proton or electron projectiles, the breakup channels lead to a charge-state yield distribution very close to the known Ne 2s-1 post collisional decay distribution, measured through photoionization [T. A. Carlson, W. E. Hunt, and M. O. Krause, Phys. Rev. 151, 41 (1966)]. This …

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Electron Loss From 0.74- And 1.4-Mev/U Low-Charge-State Argon And Xenon Ions Colliding With Neon, Nitrogen, And Argon, Robert D. Dubois, Antonio C. Santos, Ronald E. Olson, Th Stöhlker, F. Bosch, A. Bräuning-Demian, A. Gumberidze, S. Hagmann, C. Kozhuharov, R. Mann, A. Oršić Muthig, U. Spillmann, S. Tachenov, W. Barth, L. Dahl Jan 2003

Electron Loss From 0.74- And 1.4-Mev/U Low-Charge-State Argon And Xenon Ions Colliding With Neon, Nitrogen, And Argon, Robert D. Dubois, Antonio C. Santos, Ronald E. Olson, Th Stöhlker, F. Bosch, A. Bräuning-Demian, A. Gumberidze, S. Hagmann, C. Kozhuharov, R. Mann, A. Oršić Muthig, U. Spillmann, S. Tachenov, W. Barth, L. Dahl

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Absolute total-, single-, and multiple-electron-loss cross sections are measured for (Ar+-, Ar2+-, Xe3+)-~Ne, N2 Ar) collisions at 0.74 and 1.4 MeV/u. in addition, a many-body classical trajectory Monte Carlo model was used to calculate total- and multiple-electron-loss cross sections for Ar+ impact. for N2 and Ar targets, excellent agreement between the measured and calculated cross sections is found; for the Ne target the experimental data are approximately 40% smaller than the theoretical predictions. the experimental data are also used to examine cross-section scaling characteristics for electron loss from fast, low-charge-state, heavy …

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Study Of Nanoidentation And Tip Geometry In Gaas (100) At Ultra-Low-Loads For The Patterning Of Quantum Dots, Robin Prince Jan 2003

Study Of Nanoidentation And Tip Geometry In Gaas (100) At Ultra-Low-Loads For The Patterning Of Quantum Dots, Robin Prince

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

In this study, nanoindentations were produced and characterized for the future patterning of quantum dots. Nanoindentation was performed on a Si-doped (n-type) Vertical Gradient Freeze (VGF) GaAs (100) wafer with a 700 nm GaAs (100) layer grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Nanoindentation was performed with a Berkovich diamond tip, a cube corner diamond tip, and a 600 conical diamond tip. Nanoindentation of GaAs has been studied in the past, but not at extremely low loads. Previous research has been done on high load (50-200 mN) and low load (200-8000 mN) nanoindentation. The applied load in this study ranges from …

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Multiphoton Detachment Of A Negative Ion By An Elliptically Polarized, Monochromatic Laser Field, N. L. Manakov, M. V. Frolov, Bogdan Borca, Anthony F. Starace Jan 2003

Multiphoton Detachment Of A Negative Ion By An Elliptically Polarized, Monochromatic Laser Field, N. L. Manakov, M. V. Frolov, Bogdan Borca, Anthony F. Starace

Anthony F. Starace Publications

The quasistationary quasienergy state approach (QQES) is applied to the analysis of partial (n-photon) decay rates and angular distributions (ADs) of photoelectrons produced by an elliptically polarized laser field. The problem is formulated for a weakly bound electron with an energy E0 in the three-dimensional δ-model potential (which approximates the short-range potential of a negative ion) interacting with a strong monochromatic laser field having an electric vector F(ωt).The results presented cover weak (perturbative), strong (nonperturbative), and superstrong field regimes as well as a wide interval of frequencies ω extending from the tunnelling (ħω << |E0 …

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Theory Of Antisymmetric Tensor Fields, Valeri Dvoeglazov Jan 2003

Theory Of Antisymmetric Tensor Fields, Valeri Dvoeglazov

Turkish Journal of Physics

It has long been claimed that the antisymmetric tensor field of the second rank is pure longitudinal after quantization. In my opinion, such a situation is quite unacceptable. I repeat the well-known procedure of the derivation of the set of Proca equations. It is shown that it can be written in various forms. Furthermore, on the basis of the Lagrangian formalism I calculate dynamical invariants (including the Pauli-Lubanski vector of relativistic spin for this field). Even on the classical level, the Pauli-Lubanski vector can be equal to zero after applications of well-known constraints. The importance of the normalization is pointed …

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Development Of Double Discharge Pulsed Electron Beam Generator And Its Preliminary Applications In Material Processing, Hi̇lal Göktaş, Gulay Oke, Mircea Udrea Jan 2003

Development Of Double Discharge Pulsed Electron Beam Generator And Its Preliminary Applications In Material Processing, Hi̇lal Göktaş, Gulay Oke, Mircea Udrea

Turkish Journal of Physics

This article presents the construction of a fast, intense electron beam generator, several of its operational properties and its preliminary applications. A fast filamentary discharge produced in a tube filled with Argon gas at pressure of about 0.1 torr. An electron beam is obtained with a current intensity of about 0.6 A for a 25 ns duration. The length of the filamentary discharge and the behavior of the beam in the magnetic field are examined. The interaction of the beam with different targets was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope. It is also demonstrated that the device can be used to …

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Interaction Integrals Of Extended Bodies And Convolution/Folding Operation, Şule Kehnemi̇, R. Ömür Akyüz Jan 2003

Interaction Integrals Of Extended Bodies And Convolution/Folding Operation, Şule Kehnemi̇, R. Ömür Akyüz

Turkish Journal of Physics

The convolution, or folding, theorem related to Fourier transforms is applied to the evaluation of interaction integrals of certain extended bodies for the specific purpose of nuclear applications The integrals give analytical results for a class of functions when chosen from among uniform sharp and leptodermous spheres, delta-points, Yukawa, and Coulomb shapes. Such shapes are convenient to use as models for source density and point-point interaction.

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On Complex Permittivity Of Dilute Random Binary Dielectric Mixtures In Two-Dimensions, Eni̇s Tuncer, Emre Tuncer Jan 2003

On Complex Permittivity Of Dilute Random Binary Dielectric Mixtures In Two-Dimensions, Eni̇s Tuncer, Emre Tuncer

Turkish Journal of Physics

Influence of the number of particles considered in numerical simulations on the complex dielectric permittivity of binary dilute dielectric mixtures in two-dimensions are reported. In the simulations, dodecagons (polygons with 12-sides) were used to mimic disk-shaped inclusions. Using such an approach we were able to consider 16^2 particles in a unit-square. The effective dielectric permittivity of the mixtures were calculated using the finite element method at two different frequecies which were much higher and lower than the characteristic relaxation rate of the Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars polarization. The results were compared to an analytical solution. It was found that the permittivity values at …

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Relationship Between Global Solar Radiation And Sunshine Duration For Onne, Nigeria, Louis E. Akpabio, Sunday E. Etuk Jan 2003

Relationship Between Global Solar Radiation And Sunshine Duration For Onne, Nigeria, Louis E. Akpabio, Sunday E. Etuk

Turkish Journal of Physics

Measurements of global solar radiation and sunshine duration data during the period from 1984 to 1999 at Onne (within the rainforest climatic zone of southern Nigeria) were used to establish an Angstrom-type correlation equation. Five other commonly used correlations between global solar radiation and sunshine duration were also used to estimate global solar irradiation for Onne and their results are compared with our model. A good agreement (greater than 90% in most cases) was observed between the measured and the predicted values of our model.

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Fourth Sm Family Manifestations At Clic, R. Çi̇ftçi̇, A. K. Çi̇ftçi̇, Erdal Recepoğlu, Saleh Sultansoy Jan 2003

Fourth Sm Family Manifestations At Clic, R. Çi̇ftçi̇, A. K. Çi̇ftçi̇, Erdal Recepoğlu, Saleh Sultansoy

Turkish Journal of Physics

The latest electroweak precision data allow the existence of additional chiral generations in the standard model. We study prospects of search for the fourth standard model family fermions and quarkonia at e^{+}e^{-} and \gamma \gamma options of CLIC. It is shown that CLIC will be powerfull machine for discovery and investigation of both fourth family leptons and quarkonia. Moreover, the formation of the fourth family quarkonia will give a new opportunity to investigate Higgs boson properties.

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Esr Studies Of A Quartz Single Crystal From The Menderes Massif-Turkey, Ülkü Ulusoy Jan 2003

Esr Studies Of A Quartz Single Crystal From The Menderes Massif-Turkey, Ülkü Ulusoy

Turkish Journal of Physics

In a recent work, quartz single crystal extracted from the pegmatitic vein in the Menderes Massif (Western Turkey) was investigated and the most recent geological events of the sample was dated using Al centers by ESR (electron spin resonance) techniques. The estimated age of 1.8 \pm 0.5 My agree with neither the previous age evaluated to be 12 My by using isotopic dating techniques nor the lifetimes of these centers in the sample. It was suggested that the thermal or geothermal stressing history of the metamorphic region must have changed the apparent ESR age several cycles in this period. The …

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Phase Measurements In Aharonov-Bohm Interferometers, Amnon Aharony, Ora Entin-Wohlman, Yoseph Imry Jan 2003

Phase Measurements In Aharonov-Bohm Interferometers, Amnon Aharony, Ora Entin-Wohlman, Yoseph Imry

Turkish Journal of Physics

In this paper we address measurements of the resonant quantum transmission amplitude t_{QD} = -i t_{QD} e^{i\alpha_{QD}} through a quantum dot (QD), as function of the plunger gate voltage V. Mesoscopic solid state Aharonov-Bohm interferometers (ABI) have been used to measure the ``intrinsic" phase, \alpha_{QD}, when the QD is placed on one of the paths. In a ``closed" interferometer, connected to two terminals, the electron current is conserved, and Onsager's relations require that the conductance G through the ABI is an even function of the magnetic flux \Phi = \hbar c\phi/e threading the ABI ring. Therefore, if one fits G …

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Dephasing Of Entangled Electron-Hole Pairs In A Degenerate Electron Gas, J. L. Van Velsen, M. Kindermann, C. W. J. Beenakker Jan 2003

Dephasing Of Entangled Electron-Hole Pairs In A Degenerate Electron Gas, J. L. Van Velsen, M. Kindermann, C. W. J. Beenakker

Turkish Journal of Physics

A tunnel barrier in a degenerate electron gas was recently discovered as a source of entangled electron-hole pairs. Here, we investigate the loss of entanglement by dephasing. We calculate both the maximal violation E_{max} of the Bell inequality and the degree of entanglement (concurrence) C. If the initially maximally entangled electron-hole pair is in a Bell state, then the Bell inequality is violated for arbitrary strong dephasing. The same relation E_{max} = 2 \sqrt{1 + C^2} then holds as in the absence of dephasing. More generally, for a maximally entangled superposition of Bell states, the Bell inequality is satisfied for …

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Au Nanoparticle Clusters: A New System To Model Hopping Conduction, Ç. Kurdak, J. Kim, L. A. Farina, K. M. Lewis, X. Bai, M. P. Rowe, A. J. Matzger Jan 2003

Au Nanoparticle Clusters: A New System To Model Hopping Conduction, Ç. Kurdak, J. Kim, L. A. Farina, K. M. Lewis, X. Bai, M. P. Rowe, A. J. Matzger

Turkish Journal of Physics

We study electrical transport through self-assembled Au nanoparticle clusters which can be viewed as a new model system to study hopping transport. The physics of such systems is governed by two parameters: the charging energy and tunnel coupling between the particles. The charging energy is determined by the size of the nanoparticles. When the diameter of the nanoparticles is less than 4-5 nm the charging energy is large enough that Coulomb blockade effects were observed in electrical transport even at room temperature. The magnitude of the tunnel coupling between the particles was determined by the thiol coating used. To study …

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Towards Quantum Communication With Electron Spins, D. S. Saraga, G. Burkard, J. C. Egues, H. A. Engel, P. Recher, Daniel Loss Jan 2003

Towards Quantum Communication With Electron Spins, D. S. Saraga, G. Burkard, J. C. Egues, H. A. Engel, P. Recher, Daniel Loss

Turkish Journal of Physics

We review our recent work towards quantum communication in a solid-state environment with qubits carried by electron spins. We propose three schemes to produce spin-entangled electrons, where the required separation of the partner electrons is achieved via Coulomb interaction. The non-product spin-states originate either from the Cooper pairs found in a superconductor, or in the ground state of a quantum dot with an even number of electrons. In a second stage, we show how spin-entanglement carried by a singlet can be detected in a beam-splitter geometry by an increased (bunching) or decreased (antibunching) noise signal. We also discuss how a …

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Orbital Entanglement And Violation Of Bell Inequalities In The Presence Of Dephasing, P. Samuelsson, Eugene Sukhorukov, Markus Büttiker Jan 2003

Orbital Entanglement And Violation Of Bell Inequalities In The Presence Of Dephasing, P. Samuelsson, Eugene Sukhorukov, Markus Büttiker

Turkish Journal of Physics

We discuss orbital entanglement in mesoscopic conductors, focusing on the effect of dephasing. The entanglement is detected via violation of a Bell Inequality formulated in terms of zero-frequency current correlations. Following closely the recent work by Samuelsson, Sukhorukov and Büttiker [1], we investigate how the dephasing affects the possibility to violate the Bell Inequality and how system parameters can be adjusted for optimal violation.

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Growth Mechanism And Some Properties Of Cd_{1-X}Mn_X Se Semimagnetic Semiconductor Thin Films, V. S. Karande, S. H. Mane, Vithal Bhivaba Pujari, L. P. Deshmukh Jan 2003

Growth Mechanism And Some Properties Of Cd_{1-X}Mn_X Se Semimagnetic Semiconductor Thin Films, V. S. Karande, S. H. Mane, Vithal Bhivaba Pujari, L. P. Deshmukh

Turkish Journal of Physics

(Cd, Mn) Se dilute semiconductor or semimagnetic semiconductors have recently became the focus of intense research due to their interesting combination of magnetic and semiconducting properties, and are employed in a variety of devices including solar cells, gas sensors etc. A series of thin films of this material, Cd_{1 - x}Mn_xSe (0 \le x \le 0.5), were therefore synthesized onto precleaned amorphous glass substrates using a solution growth technique. The sources of cadmium (Cd^{2+}) and manganese (Mn^{2+}) were aqueous solutions of cadmium sulphate and manganese sulphate, and selenium (Se^{2-}) was extracted from a reflux of sodium selenosulphite. The different deposition …

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Histological Effect Of Ascocotyle Tenuicollis (Digenea: Heterophyidae) Metacercarial Infection On The Heart Of Fundulus Heteroclitus (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae), Toni Hicks, Edna Steele Jan 2003

Histological Effect Of Ascocotyle Tenuicollis (Digenea: Heterophyidae) Metacercarial Infection On The Heart Of Fundulus Heteroclitus (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae), Toni Hicks, Edna Steele

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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South Carolina Statewide Science Safety Project., Linda Sinclair, Jack Gerlovich, Rahul A. Parsa Jan 2003

South Carolina Statewide Science Safety Project., Linda Sinclair, Jack Gerlovich, Rahul A. Parsa

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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2002 & 2003 Annual Meeting Extended Abstracts Jan 2003

2002 & 2003 Annual Meeting Extended Abstracts

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Maternal And Sibling Influences On Seed Germination Of Aegilops Triuncialis Erin, Erin Scott, Andrew R. Dyer Jan 2003

Maternal And Sibling Influences On Seed Germination Of Aegilops Triuncialis Erin, Erin Scott, Andrew R. Dyer

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Scas Officers And Council Members 2003 - 2004 Jan 2003

Scas Officers And Council Members 2003 - 2004

Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Measurement Of The Stochasticity Of Low-Latitude Geomagnetic Temporal Variations, Mark Anthony Reynolds, James A. Wanliss Jan 2003

Measurement Of The Stochasticity Of Low-Latitude Geomagnetic Temporal Variations, Mark Anthony Reynolds, James A. Wanliss

Publications

Ground magnetometer measurements of total magnetic field strength from 6 stations at low latitudes were analyzed using power spectrum and Hurst range scaling techniques. The Hurst exponents for most of these time-series were near 0.5, which indicates stochasticity, with the highest latitude stations exhibiting some persistence with Hurst exponents greater than 0.6. Although no definite correlations are evident, the relative increase of the Hurst exponent with latitude suggests the possibility that the underlying dynamics of the magnetosphere change with latitude. This result may help quantify the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere itself without the direct presence of the solar wind …

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