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6th Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference Abstracts Of Papers

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Abstracts of papers presented at the 6th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference, sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 12-13, 1963.

An Examination Of The Far Infrared Spectrum Of Hydrogen Fluoride, Arthur Allen Mason

Doctoral Dissertations

Introduction: The absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation from 15 μ to 1000 μ is caused by energy changes in the rotations or the skeletal vibrations of molecules. This wavelength range is known as the far infrared spectral region and has in recent years become the object of extensive experimental activity. Much of the activity may be attributed to an increased awareness of the need for information which cannot be obtained elsewhere; to improved instrumentation and techniques; and to a natural desire to bridge the gap between the infrared and the microwave regions.

A bibliography of the far infrared compiled …

Development Of A Two Channel Counter For Measurement Of Faraday Rotations, Donald R. Flach

Masters Theses

Chapter I

Introduction

The rotation of the plane of polarization of plane polarized light when it passes through a substance in a direction parallel to an applied magnetic field is known as the Faraday effect and was discovered by Michael Faraday in 1845.¹ It was found by experimentation that the amount of rotation of the plane of polarization was represented by the equation:

Θ = VH1 cos A

where H = magnetic field in gauss, 1 = simple path length in centimeters, A is the angle between the magnetic field and the direction of the light, and V is …

Neuron-Proton Scattering At 23.6 Mev, Jerome G. Beery

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The angular distribution for neutron-proton scattering was measured at a neutron energy of m3.6 MeV. The measurement was made using the Los Alamos Variable Energy Cyclotron and a liquid hydrogen bubble chamber. The angular distribution was normalized to a total n-p cross section of 408 mb.

Application Of Shower Theory To High Energy Total Absorption Čerenkov Radiation Counter, Frederick Young

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Theoretical calculations describing the performance of a Čerenkov counter designed as a total absorption gamma ray spectrometer for the energy range 100-1000 Msv are presented, using approximation "A" from the standard shower theory, and R. Wilson's quasi-analytical method of cascade shower analysis.

Study Of Fission Neutron Spectra With High-Energy Activation Detectors, James A. Grundl

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The energy spectra of neutrons from the fission of U235, U233, and Pu239 have been studied with seven high-energy activation detectors covering the range 0.6 to 16 Mev. Interpretation is in terms of the Maxwellian spectral function E^1/2 exp(-E/T). By means of a unique cavity arrangement within a moderator to obtain pure thermal-neutron-induced fission neutrons, the average energies of the three spectra are found to be in the ratios

U235: U233: Pu239= (1): (1.016+or-0.003): (1.039+or-0.003).

Differences between the normalized spectra are most pronounced at high energies as exemplified by the relative Pu239:U235 flux ratios 1.17+or-0.013 for 611 Mev.

The Diffraction Of Polarized Light From A Laser By A Straight Edge, Robert Lawrence Berger

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of the polarized light from a highly coherent light source on the diffraction pattern of a metallic straight edge.

Review Of The Physical Aspects Of Osmotic Pressure, Joseph F. Goffaux

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

It should be mentioned that this paper deals mostly with the work done by others and only a certain portion is original. The student wishes to state that he is presenting a thesis that would be considered theoretical and not empirical. The history of the work done in the field of osmotic pressure is treated at length and much of the theory used by the experimenters is derived. Many periodicals carry the papers written by the scientists of osmotic pressure and some of these men have spent perhaps fifteen of twenty years on their experiments.

A Correlation Between The Responses Of A Cherenkov Counter, And A Liquid Scintillator, To An Extensive Air Shower, John Wolcott

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

To date there have been no adequate measurements of the energy spectrum of high energy cosmic gamma-rays. This information can only be obtained from instrumentation located above the atmosphere. An experiment has been designed by Dr. Leavitt at the University of New Mexico to obtain this information. It is to be orbited in the S-17 Orbiting Solar Observatory.

Fast Neutron Induced Fission Of U238, Michael J. Bennett

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

This work describes an experimental study of the energetics of the fission of U²³⁸ performed with solid state detectors. The fissions were produced by fission-spectrum neutrons from a reactor. The procedure used for calibrating the detector response is described and the effects of some experimental uncertainties, such as pulse height defect and neutron emission, are discussed.

A Theoretical And "Experimental" Investigation Of One-Dimensional Molecular Distribution Functions, Samuel Blackman

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The presence of long range forces and of various types of boundary conditions may be expected to cause deviations from the well known Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution, resulting in a spatially dependent velocity distribution. One possible method for obtaining a theoretical spatially dependent velocity distribution is to attempt an approximate solution for Liouville's equation. This is done in this thesis. The effects of a long range repulsive force inversely proportional to the interparticle separation as well as the effects of three types of wall boundary conditions upon the velocity distributions of a one-dimensional set of ordered particles have also been investigated …

A Radio Frequency Power Oscillator And Impedance Matching Device., Charles D. Preston

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Certain molecules, called “globular” molecules, when first solidified form what are called “plastic” crystals. They are called “globular” either because they may exhibit an approximate spherical symmetry about their center of structure or because they may be small enough or of such a shape as to appear spherically symmetric because of rotation. The first case might be exemplified by methane (CH4) which has the configuration of a regular tetrahedron. The second case might be exemplified by hydrogen chloride (HCL).

A Transister Quenching Circuit For Geiger Counter Tubes, Andrew M. Simko

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

This thesis attempt to provide a solution to a basic problem inherent in the operation of Geiger-Mueller counting tubes, that is, reduction of the insensitive time, or “dead time”, following the discharge. Many researchers, using various quenching gases for internal quenching and various vacuum tube circuits for external quenching, have succeeded in reducing the “dead time” significantly. Reduction of the insensitive time provides more efficient and accurate counting. The solutions presented in this thesis utilize transistor circuits instead of vacuum tube circuits for external quenching. In an extensive research of current literature, no attempts to transistorize a quenching circuit could …

Telemetry Of The Azimuthal Orientation Of A Balloon-Borne Package, Edwin L. Vandenoord

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

It is the purpose of this paper to investigate a method of determining azimuthal orientation during flight by detecting the polarization of the carrier wave used in the telemetry equipment. Equipment was constructed which demonstrates the feasibility of this method.

Transistorized Circuits For Telemetry, Dominick Misciascio Jr.

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

This thesis is concerned with the telemetry of small DC signals from photomultiplier tubes. The circuitry must have a high input impedance so as not to load down the photomultiplier tube and a low output impedance which is capable of controlling the current through a small incandescent bulb. This bulb is used to illuminate a photoresistor. The output of the circuit consists of a variation of the resistance of the photoresistor. This variable resistance is conventionally converted into a variable audio frequency which is transmitted to the receiving station on a radio-frequency carrier. The output resistance must be independent of …

Theory Of The Effect Of Temperature On The Electron Diffraction Patterns Of Diatomic Molecules, Russell A. Bonham, Jerry Peacher

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The effect of temperature on the electron diffraction pattern of a diatomic molecule is considered from the standpoint of the simple kinematic scattering theory utilizing a quartic vibrational potential. The potential is obtained by an expansion of ħ²J( J+1)/2μr²+D exp[-2a(r-r_e)]-2D exp[-a(r-r_e)] about its minimum value r₀. The second-order wavefunction for the nth vibrational and 7th rotational state of the system has been obtained, and expressions for the electron diffraction quantities r_g, l_e ², and M (s) have been computed. General results for the quantity M (s) …

Lattice Dynamics And Specific-Heat Data For Rocksalt-Structure Alkali Halides, Arnold Karo, John R. Hardy

John R. Hardy Papers

Vibrational distribution functions are derived for a number of rocksalt-structure alkali halides using a more refined treatment of the interionic forces than that provided by regarding them as rigid point charges. The dipole moment at any given ion site is calculated taking into account the contribution from the deformation of the electron distribution resulting from both polarization and overlap repulsion between nearest neighbors. In this way the dipole-dipole part of the Coulomb interaction is treated self-consistently.
Both room temperature and 0°K input parameters are used, and the derived specific-heat data are compared with experimental results. The over-all agreement with experiment …

A Proposed Modification Of The Available Momentum Region In Thomas-Fermi Theory, John F. Barnes

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The statistical model of the atom, first propounded by Fermi and Thomas has proved a most useful approximation to the self-consistent field method in calculating electron distributions and fields in atoms. Because of its relative simplicity, it has found wide application as a means of predicting properties of free atoms and of solids. The original theory has been the subject of many modifications and refinements, some of which are reviewed in this paper.

On Science And Social Science, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

There are many definitions of science, and these are commonly based on literary and social usage rather than on the technical problem of distinguishing different areas of scholarship. To evolve an adequate definition we shall attempt to extract common elements from physics, biology, chemistry, geology, and astronomy, from those fields which are commonly called sciences. Any acceptable definition of science must be equally applicable to all of these, to all the natural sciences. To speak in the usual metaphor, we shall attempt a "scientific" definition of science.

Self-Diffusion Of Ions In Gels, Thomas Caldwell Smith

Master's Theses

Radioisotope tracer techniques were used to determine the self-diffusion coefficients of the ions of sodium, potassium, cesium, chloride, bromide, and iodide in 3% agar gel, and the self-diffusion coefficient of the sodium ion in gelatin-agar gels at differing pH values of the gel.

The coefficients in agar gels were found to be in agreement with the Nernst equation for the diffusion coefficients of ions in aqueous solution. 'l'he diffusion coefficients in gelatin-agar gels were found to be higher in the presence of non-active NaCl than in its absence. The value of the coefficient was lower at the isoelectric point of …

Energy And Angular Distribution Of Electrons Ejected From Hydrogen And Helium Gas By Protons, M. Eugene Rudd, Theodore Jorgensen, Jr.

M. Eugene Rudd Publications

Differential cross sections for ejection of secondary electrons of various energies at various angles were measured for hydrogen gas bombarded by 100-keV protons and for helium gas bombarded by 50-, l00-, and 150-keV protons. The range of angles investigated was 10° to 160° and the range of electron energies was 1 to 500 eV. A unique fixed-port, double-walled scattering chamber was used. Electrons were counted by an electron multiplier after passing through a 127° electrostatic analyzer. The efficiency of the detector was determined by replacing the analyzer and multiplier by a Faraday cup and making absolute measurements of cross sections …

The Construction And Analysis Of An Amplifier For Ultrasonic Research, Jerry John Koelling

Masters Theses

“An amplifier to be used for ultrasonic pulse methods was constructed and tested. The frequency range lies between 100 cycles per second and 2 mega-cycles per second and, if tuned circuit plug-in units are used, may be increased to approximately 4 mega-cycles per second. Special demands upon the amplifier are discussed along with basic acoustic attenuation measurements in solid state physics”--Abstract, page ii.

The Measurement Of The Life-Time Of The 62P3/2 State Of Thallium, Danny Hale Sokolowski

Masters Theses

The measurement of the lifetime of the metastable 6²P_3/2 state of thallium is discussed. Time-sampling equipment techniques and instantaneous methods of display on an oscilloscope for measuring the lifetime are explained. The lifetime is measured as a function of mercury vapor pressure. The decay of the 5350 A thallium line is also measured to give an indication of the effect of the imprisonment of the 3776 A resonance line. This decay of the 5350 A line is also in a mercury atmosphere"--Abstract, page ii.

An Investigation Of The Acceleration Of Neutrons, Charles Edward Byvik

Masters Theses

"The acceleration of neutrons via their magnetic dipole moment in an axially symmetric magnetic field is considered. Conditions for bunching are derived and expressions for the off-axis forces are developed. It was found that neutrons off axis are forced back onto the axis and that neutrons slightly depolarized remain in their initial state. A calculation of the acceleration is made using the field of a current loop and the conclusion is that under present laboratory capabilities a neutron accelerator is not feasible"--Abstract, page ii.

Spin Relaxation Of Optically Pumped Rubidium., Kenneth Brian Steinbruegge

Masters Theses

"This Thesis is intended to be a self-contained guide to the theory and experimental procedures of optical pumping in one of its most usual applications. A particular study is made of optical pumping of rubidium vapor and results are given stating the most efficient temperature range in which to produce large populations of optically oriented rubidium atoms. The thermal relaxation time for optically orientated rubidium for a particular system is given and the effect of trapped resonance radiation is considered in the interpretation of the experimentally obtained curves"--Abstract, p. ii

The Application Of Quantum-Mechanical Concepts To Biological Systems, Andrew A. Cochran

Masters Theses

"The relation between quantum-mechanical concepts and biological systems is explored by studying the relation of both to the concepts of heat capacity and entropy. It is shown that the most important substances in living matter have extremely low heat capacities and entropies at ordinary temperatures. A critical analysis of the two types of quantum-mechanical interactions between particles and the interactions occurring in low-entropy systems shows that the wave properties of matter are strongly predominant in the chemical elements that constitute 99 percent of living matter. It is concluded that the wave aspects of matter are strongly predominant in biological systems. …

A Study Of The Al27 (D,P) Al28 Reaction, Richard Heath Parker

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Thick Target Bremsstrahlung Production, Donald I. Mcree

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

The Leakage Neutron Spectrum Of A Spherical Critical Assembly Of U233, Larry E. Bobisud

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In this paper the spectrum of the neutrons escaping from a critical sphere of U²³³ is investigated experimentally and theoretically. The experimental investigation involved exposing a nuclear emulsion to the neutron flux and, after development, examining the details of the proton-recoil tracks visible in the emulsion.

Deuteron Magnetic Dipole Disintegration By 180° Electron Scattering, Gerald Alvin Peterson, W C. Barber

Gerald Alvin Peterson

The magnetic dipole disintegration of the deuteron has been measured for excitation energies up to 16 MeV in the presence of relatively small electric multipole contributions by using a method of inelastic electron scattering at 180°. Electrons of initial energy 41.5 MeV were magnetically deflected before and after scattering so that those scattered at 180° entered a magnetic spectrometer set at 160° with respect to the incident beam. The experimental cross sections measured relative to elastic scattering from the proton are higher than predicted by the electrodisintegration theory of Jankus. The discrepancy may be an indication of mesonic exchange currents …