Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Search For Axion-Like Particles Through Nuclear Primakoff Production Using The Gluex Detector, J. R. Pybus, T. Kolar, B. Devkota, P. Sharp, B. Yu, O. Hen, E. Piasetzky, S. N. Santiesteban, A. Schmidt, A. Somov, Y. Soreq, H. Szumila-Vance, S. Adhikari, C. S. Akondi, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, V. V. Berdnikov, H. Bhatt, D. Bhetuwal, M. M. Dalton, A. Deur, R. Dotel, C. Fanelli, J. Guo, T. J. Hague, D. W. Higinbotham, N. D. Hoffman, P. Hurck, I. Jaegle, A. Karki, W. Li, V. Lyubovitskij, H. Marukyan, M. D. Mccaughan, M. E. Mccracken, S. Oresic, Z. Papandreou, C. Paudel, S. Ratliff, E. M. Seroka, S. Somov, I. Strakovsky, K. Suresh, A. Thiel, B. Zihlmann

Physics Faculty Publications

We report on the results of the first search for the production of axion-like particles (ALPs) via Primakoff production on nuclear targets, ᵧA → aA, in the "SRC-CT" experiment using the GlueX detector at Jefferson Lab. This search uses an integrated luminosity of 100 pb^-1 center dot nucleon on a C-12 target with a real photon beam of energies 6 < Eᵧ < 10.8 GeV, and explores the mass region of 200 < m(a) < 450 MeV via the decay a → ᵧᵧ. This mass range is between the pi⁰ and η meson masses, which enables the use of the measured η meson production rate to obtain absolute bounds on the ALP production with reduced sensitivity to …

Cebaf Injector At 200 Kv: K-Long Bunch Charge With Spin Flipper Off/On, Sunil Pokharel, Alicia Hofler, Reza Kazimi, Geoffrey Krafft, Max Bruker, Joe Grames, Riad Suleiman, Shukui Zhang

Physics Faculty Publications

The forthcoming K-Long experiment in Jefferson Lab’s Hall D presents distinct beam requirements, marked by a notably low bunch repetition rate and an unusually high bunch charge. Furthermore, the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) Injector requires a parity quality beam for experiments such as the Measurement of a Lepton-Lepton Electroweak Reaction (MOLLER). In this study, to prepare for the upcoming K-Long experiment, using the optimized settings of the magnetic elements and RF amplitude and phases, we conducted simulations covering a range of bunch charge beams, from low to high specifications, while considering concurrent operations across all four Halls at …

Operation Of A Longitudinally Polarized Solid Nuclear Target Of Clas12, P. Pandey, J. Brock, T. Kageya, C. Keith, S. Kuhn, V. Lagerquist, J. Maxwell, X. Wei

Physics Faculty Publications

A suite of experiments measuring spin observables in electron-nucleon scattering (dubbed Run Group C) was recently executed in Jefferson Lab. These experiments involved the scattering of a polarized 11 GeV electron beam from longitudinally polarized nucleon targets located within the CLAS12 spectrometer in Hall B. The dynamically polarized target used in these experiments was designed and constructed exclusively for operation inside CLAS12 and further optimized for the requirements of Run Group C. We report on the complete target setup, operational experience with the target, the benchmarks achieved using various polarizable and unpolarized materials as well as the preliminary target polarization …

The Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility At 12 Gev, P. A. Adderly, S. Ahmed, T. Allison, R. Bachimanchi, K. Baggett, M. Bastaninejad, B. Bevins, M. Bevins, M. Bickley, R. M. Bodenstein, S. A. Bogacz, M. Bruker, A. Burrill, L. Cardman, J. Creel, Y. -C. Chao, G. Cheng, G. Ciovati, S. Chattopadhyay, Y. Zhang, Et Al.

Physics Faculty Publications

This review paper describes the energy-upgraded Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) accelerator. This superconducting linac has achieved 12 GeV beam energy by adding 11 new high-performance cryomodules containing 88 superconducting cavities that have operated cw at an average accelerating gradient of 20 MV/m. After reviewing the attributes and performance of the previous 6 GeV CEBAF accelerator, we discuss the upgraded CEBAF accelerator system in detail with particular attention paid to the new beam acceleration systems. In addition to doubling the acceleration in each linac, the upgrade included improving the beam recirculation magnets, adding more helium cooling capacity to …

Outpatient Fall Prevention In Ambulatory Adults 65 Years Old And Over, Dorothy L. Osborne-White

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Scholarly Projects

Abstract

Background: In the United States (U.S.), falls are the leading cause of injury among adults 65 and over, resulting in 36 million falls yearly (Moreland et al., 2020). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2023), one in four older adults experiences a fall each year. Falls are the world's second most prominent cause of accidental deaths (World Health Organization [WHO], 2021). Falls are the leading cause of both fatal and non-fatal injuries among older adults (Moreland et al., 2020).

Methods: A quality improvement project that included a fall bundle was implemented in a primary clinic. …

Single-Stage Few-Cycle Pulse Amplification, Sagnik Ghosh, Nathan G. Drouillard, Tj Hammond

Physics Publications

Kerr instability can be exploited to amplify visible, near-infrared, and midinfrared ultrashort pulses. We use the results of Kerr instability amplification theory to inform our simulations amplifying few-cycle pulses. We show that the amplification angle dependence is simplified to the phase-matching condition of four-wave mixing when the intense pump is considered. Seeding with few-cycle pulses near the pump leads to broadband amplification without spatial chirp, while longer pulses undergo compression through amplification. Pumping in the midinfrared leads to multioctave spanning amplified pulses with single-cycle duration not previously predicted. We discuss limitations of the amplification process and optimizing pump and seed …

Theory Of Ultrafast Spin Crossover In Divalent Iron Systems, William Baker

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

A theory to account for the ultrafast, i.e. femtosecond timescale, singlet to quintet spin crossover in divalent iron molecules is developed. The model considers an iron cluster with ligands extending in all 6 cardinal directions initially at rest in a low spin singlet ground state. An optical excitation excites an electron from the d orbitals to the ligands, changing the system from the metal centered (MC) singlet state to the metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) singlet state. Experimentally, it is known that the system eventually relaxes into the quintet MC state, but there are no satisfactory explanations that model …

Conventions, Definitions, Identities, And Other Useful Formulae, Robert A. Mcnees Iv

Physics: Faculty Publications and Other Works

As the name suggests, these notes contain a summary of important conventions, definitions, identities, and various formulas that I often refer to. They may prove useful for researchers working in General Relativity, Supergravity, String Theory, Cosmology, and related areas.

Numerical Investigation And Statistical Analysis Of The Flow Patterns Behind Square Cylinders Arranged In A Staggered Configuration Utilizing The Lattice Boltzmann Method, M. Abid, N. Yasin, M. Saqlain, S. Ul-Islam, S. Ahmad

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Flow past bluff bodies like square cylinders is important in engineering applications, but flow patterns behind staggered cylinder arrangements remain poorly understood. Existing studies have focused on tandem or side-by-side configurations, while offset orientations have received less attention. The aim of this paper is to numerically investigate flow dynamics and force characteristics behind two offset square cylinders using the single relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method. The effects of changing both the Reynolds number (Re = 1-150) and gap spacing ratio (g* = 0.5-5) between the cylinders are analyzed. Instantaneous vorticity contours, time histories of drag and lift coefficients, power spectra …

Two-Center And Path Interference In Dissociative Capture In P+ H2 Collisions, S. Bastola, M. Dhital, B. Lamichhane, A. Silvus, R. Lomsadze, A. Hasan, A. Igarashi, Michael Schulz

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We have measured and calculated fully differential cross sections (FDCS) for dissociative capture in 75-keV p+H2 collisions. FDCS were analyzed in the kinetic energy release (KER) ranges 0 to 2.1 eV and 4 to 7 eV for two different molecular orientations. In the latter range, dissociation is dominated by electronic excitation to the 2pπu state. Here, we observed two-center interference for an orientation in the plane perpendicular to the initial beam axis and parallel to the transverse momentum transfer. The interference pattern is afflicted with a constant phase shift of π. In the range KER=0 to 2.1 eV, dissociation is …

Applications Of Independent And Identically Distributed (Iid) Random Processes In Polarimetry And Climatology, Dan Kestner

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The unifying theme of this thesis is the characterization of “perfect randomness,” i.e., independent and identically distributed (IID) stochastic processes as these are applied in physical science. Two specific and mathematically distinct applications are chosen: (i) Radar and optical polarimetry; (ii) Analysis of time series in meteorology. In (i), IID process of a special kind, namely, with a distribution defined by symmetry, is used to link its multivariate Gaussian density to uniformity on the Poincaré sphere. This “statistical ellipsometry” approach is then used to relate polarimetric mismatches or imbalances to ellipsometric variables and suitably chosen cross-correlation measures. In (ii), recently …

Spectrum And Quench-Induced Dynamics Of Spin-Orbit-Coupled Quantum Droplets, Sonali Gangwar, Rajamanickam Ravisankar, S. (Simeon) I. Mistakidis, Paulsamy Muruganandam, Pankaj Kumar Mishra

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We investigate the ground state and dynamics of one-dimensional spin-orbit coupled (SOC) quantum droplets within the extended Gross-Pitaevskii approach. As the SOC wave number increases, stripe droplet patterns emerge, with a flat-top background, for larger particle numbers. The surface energy decays following a power-law with respect to the interactions. At small SOC wave numbers, a transition from Gaussian to flat-top droplets occurs for either a larger number of atoms or reduced intercomponent attraction. The excitation spectrum shows that droplets for relatively small SOC wave numbers are stable, otherwise stripe droplets feature instabilities as a function of the particle number or …

Charged Excitons And Trions In The Semiconductor Quantum Dot: Electronic Structure And Effect Of External Fields, Jayden Leonard

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

In this thesis, we are studying the electronic structures and optical properties of charged excitons and trions (i.e., the exciton-associated quasi-particles in semiconductor materials) in quantum dots which have a three-dimensional confinement configuration. We also consider the effects of an external electric and magnetic field on the charged excitons. Initially theorized in 1958, charged excitons are a fairly new phenomenon in physics in which an exciton (i.e., an electron coupled with an electron hole) is coupled with either another electron or another hole (giving either a ‘negative exciton’ or ‘positive exciton’ accordingly). In the completely confined configuration like the quantum …

Photoluminescence Of Beryllium-Related Defects In Gallium Nitride, Mykhailo Vorobiov, Mykhailo Vorobiov

Theses and Dissertations

This study explores the potential of beryllium (Be) as an alternative dopant to magnesium (Mg) for achieving higher hole concentrations in gallium nitride (GaN). Despite Mg prominence as an acceptor in optoelectronic and high-power devices, its deep acceptor level at 0.22 eV above the valence band limits its effectiveness. By examining Be, this research aims to pave the way to overcoming these limitations and extend the findings to aluminum nitride and aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN) alloy. Key contributions of this work include. i)Identification of three Be-related luminescence bands in GaN through photoluminescence spectroscopy, improving the understanding needed for further material …

Mathematical Model For The Role Of Multiple Pericentromeric Repeats On Heterochromatin Assembly, Puranjan Ghimire, Mo Motamedi, Richard Joh

Physics Publications

Although the length and constituting sequences for pericentromeric repeats are highly variable across eukaryotes, the presence of multiple pericentromeric repeats is one of the conserved features of the eukaryotic chromosomes. Pericentromeric heterochromatin is often misregulated in human diseases, with the expansion of pericentromeric repeats in human solid cancers. In this article, we have developed a mathematical model of the RNAi-dependent methylation of H3K9 in the pericentromeric region of fission yeast. Our model, which takes copy number as an explicit parameter, predicts that the pericentromere is silenced only if there are many copies of repeats. It becomes bistable or desilenced if …

Light Curve And Hardness Tests For Millilensing In Grb 950830, Grb 090717a, And Grb 200716c, Oindabi Mukherjee, Robert J. Nemiroff

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 2

Two different temporal sections of a single gamma-ray burst (GRB) must be statistically similar to show an internal gravitational lensing signature. Here, two straightforward gravitational lensing tests are defined and applied: a light curve similarity test and a hardness similarity test. Gravitational millilensing has been claimed to be detected within several individual GRBs that contain two emission episodes separated by a time-delay. However, our analyses indicate that none of those claims satisfy both tests. The hardness similarity test performed on GRB 950830 and GRB 090717A found that the ratio between the second and the first emission episodes in each energy …

Effect Of Silicon Nano Particles Added To The Polymeric Coatings, Ramesh Chandra Tripathi

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to compare mechanical and tribological properties of a coatingto the same coating with added nano silica. The sample coating for this project was bis-ureasil which was synthesized using 1:1 equivalent ratio of bis (3-trimethoxysilyl-propyl) amine (BTMSPA) (318.0g) and IPDI (52.0g) in 400g of anhydrous THF. The other coating was prepared by adding 10% nano silica particles. A scanning probe microscope was used to study the surface morphology of the coating samples, a Raman microscope was used to study the silicon concentration on and underneath the surface of the coating, and nano-indentation was used to …

A Single-Photon Lidar Observes Atmospheric Clouds At Decimeter Scales: Resolving Droplet Activation Within Cloud Base, Fan Yang, Alexander B. Kostinski, Zeen Zhu, Katia Lamer, Edward Luke, Pavlos Kollias, Yong Meng Sua, Pei Hou, Raymond Shaw, Andrew M. Vogelmann

Michigan Tech Research Data

Clouds, crucial for understanding climate, begin with droplet formation from aerosols, but observations of this fleeting activation step are lacking in the atmosphere. Here we use a time-gated time-correlated single-photon counting lidar to observe cloud base structures at decimeter scales. Results show that the air-cloud interface is not a perfect boundary but rather is a transition zone where transformation of aerosol particles into cloud droplets occurs. The observed distributions of first-arriving photons within the transition zone reflect vertical development of a cloud, including droplet activation and condensational growth. Further, the highly resolved vertical profile of backscattered photons above cloud base …

The Use Of Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (Flim) For In Situ Microbial Detection In Complex Mineral Substrates, Yekaterina G. Chmykh, Jay Nadeau

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The utility of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) for identifying bacteria in complex mineral matrices was investigated. Baseline signals from unlabelled Bacillus subtilis and Euglena gracilis, and Bacillus subtilis labelled with SYTO 9 were obtained using two-photon excitation at 730, 750 and 800 nm, identifying characteristic lifetimes of photosynthetic pigments, unpigmented cellular autofluorescence, and SYTO 9. Labelled and unlabelled B. subtilis were seeded onto marble and gypsum samples containing endolithic photosynthetic cyanobacteria and the ability to distinguish cells from mineral autofluorescence and nonspecific dye staining was examined in parallel with ordinary multichannel confocal imaging. It was found that FLIM …

Electromagnetic Fields And Radiation From Localized Current Source Interacting With A Cosmic Axion Field In The Context Of Massive Axion Electrodynamics, Railing Chang, P. T. Leung

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Electromagnetic fields from localized current source interacting with an oscillatory cosmic axion field are studied, accounting for the possibility of a finite photon mass. In particular, focus will be on the dipole radiation from static current sources. The Proca theory is generalized to include the axion field and solutions to the modified EM field equations are obtained to first order in the axion coupling parameter. Analysis of the interplay between the two vanishingly small parameters – the axion mass (via the coupling constant and the oscillating frequency) and the photon mass – is carried out with reference to possible future …

Global Analysis Of The Neutron Magnetic Form Factor, Joseph P. Jayne

Honors Theses and Capstones

Protons and neutrons, the nucleons, are made up of smaller particles called quarks. Nucleons have three valence quarks, which are the dominant contributors to its properties, as well as sea quarks (quark-antiquark pairs) and gluons. The distribution of the charge and magnetization of these particles is described by the electric and magnetic form factors. These form factors can be measured with scattering experiments since they directly affect the particle’s cross section. Neutron form factors are challenging to measure because a pure neutron target will decay very fast and is not viable for experiments. Instead, targets like 2H and 3H are …

Backgrounds Study And Ai-Powered Waveform Processing For Legend Experiment, Laxman Paudel

Dissertations and Theses

Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay (0$\nu \beta \beta $) is a presumed rare nuclear decay process and is considered the most promising way to prove the Majorana nature of neutrinos, that is, neutrinos are their own antiparticles. The discovery of \zero decay would also enhance our understanding of nuclear physics, astrophysical observations, and physical processes in the early Universe. The Large Enriched Germanium Experiment for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay (LEGEND) is a phased $^{\mathrm{76}}$Ge-based 0$\nu \beta \beta $ decay experimental program, aiming for the discovery potential of a half-life of 0$\nu \beta \beta $ beyond 10$^{\mathrm{28}}$ years. The first phase, LEGEND-200, comprises 200 …

Electrochromic Polymers: From Electrodeposition To Hybrid Solid Devices, Haradou Sare, Dongmei Dong

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

This paper reports on the linear colorimetric and electrochromic (EC) characteristics of electrodeposited polyaniline (PANI) films. This paper also investigates the infrared EC properties of acid-doped PANI films. The electrochemical polymerization method was employed to create a porous and thin PANI film layer onto PET-ITO substrates. This layer was capped with WO3 film to create a gel electrolyte sandwich structure that demonstrates the compatibility of PANI films with cathodic WO3 films in full devices. The electrodeposition of the film was fabricated by applying different voltages and time, with the optimal film quality achieved with the 1.7 V voltage and a …

Cover And Content

Turkish Journal of Physics

No abstract provided.

Lithography-Free Highly Sensitive Detection Of Glucose Based On Colloidal Spheres, Habibe Durmaz

Turkish Journal of Physics

Diabetes has emerged as a global health crisis, with a substantial increase in prevalence and associated healthcare costs. The urgency for early diagnosis to prevent complications has fueled research into advanced biosensing technologies. Plasmonic sensors, leveraging localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), have gained prominence for their sensitivity. This study explores a metamaterial-based sensor platform comprising nanospheres fabricated through colloidal lithography. A comprehensive numerical and experimental analysis of the designed metamaterial-based perfect absorber is presented, focusing on the spectral response at the resonance frequency of 525 nm. Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations reveal the field and charge distributions, enabling a systematic exploration …

Cataloging And Locating Icequakes On The Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica To Determine Long Term Rift Behavior, Simon F. Eisl

Honors Theses and Capstones

This report provides an introduction to the ARROW project and seismic behavior on ice shelves. We catalogged icequakes using seismic analysis code (SAC) and located prominent icequakes using WAVES from a seismic dataset collected from December 2nd, 2023 and January 5th, 2024. The analysis of this dataset will be used to model similar deformation systems found in icy ocean worlds in the outer Solar System like the Tiger Stripe rifts found on Enceladus. We looked into the deformation of rift zone WR4, why and how these icequakes occur along WR4, and the rift's interior material make up. Particular hotspots of …

Optimizing Deep Inspiration Breath Hold Technique For Personalized Breast Cancer Radiotherapy, Srinidhi Rajagopalan

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research is entrenched in advancing the practice of 3D Conformal Radiation Therapy (3D CRT) for breast cancer patients by meticulously evaluating the impact of different Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) techniques on dosimetric parameters. This study aims to ascertain the quantitative benefits of varied breathing techniques, primarily focusing on the 'Ultimate DIBH' method's efficacy in sparing critical organs such as the heart and lungs.

The comprehensive analysis of different DIBH techniques in this research is not merely an academic exercise but is geared towards substantiating the hypothesized advantages of these techniques with empirical data. By generating …

Front Matter, Konstantin Likharev

Essential Graduate Physics

Includes: Copyright and License; Preface; Disclaimer; Versions, Corrections, and Acknowledgments; Solution Request Templates; Notation; General Table of Contents

References, Appendices & All Parts Merged, Konstantin Likharev

Essential Graduate Physics

Includes: Appendix MA: Selected Mathematical Formulas; Appendix UCA: Selected Physical Units and Constants; References; EGP merged file (all parts, appendices, and references)

Exponential Fusion Of Interpolated Frames Network (Efif-Net): Advancing Multi-Frame Image Super-Resolution With Convolutional Neural Networks, Hamed Elwarfalli, Dylan Flaute, Russell C. Hardie

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have become instrumental in advancing multi-frame image super-resolution (SR), a technique that merges multiple low-resolution images of the same scene into a high-resolution image. In this paper, a novel deep learning multi-frame SR algorithm is introduced. The proposed CNN model, named Exponential Fusion of Interpolated Frames Network (EFIF-Net), seamlessly integrates fusion and restoration within an end-to-end network. Key features of the new EFIF-Net include a custom exponentially weighted fusion (EWF) layer for image fusion and a modification of the Residual Channel Attention Network for restoration to deblur the fused image. Input frames are registered with subpixel …