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Articles 9121 - 9150 of 12075
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Animal Behavior: Impacts On Grazing, Mark Kennedy
Animal Behavior: Impacts On Grazing, Mark Kennedy
Kentucky Grazing Conference
I am not an expert on this subject and give all credit for my limited understanding of this subject to Dr. Fred Provenza, Utah State University; Katy Voth, Livestock for Landscapes, LLC; Jim Gerrish and others. I have tried to put into practice, both personally and with other producers, many of these principles to aid in improved grazing management. This presentation will address only 2 aspects of animal behavior; 1) How animal behavior impacts grazing distribution and forage utilization over the landscape, and 2) How animal behavior affects diet selection.
Growing Forage Crops For Wildlife, Don Ball
Growing Forage Crops For Wildlife, Don Ball
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Numerous forage crops adapted in the Southeast offer benefits in production of various domestic animals including beef and dairy cattle, horses, and sheep (Ball, et al., 2002). Many of the same attributes these plants offer when grown in connection with livestock enterprises are also valuable in wildlife settings. Furthermore, the attitudes of many wildlife managers are changing, and their desire for knowledge of forage crops is on the rise. Consequently, forage crops are becoming more important and more greatly appreciated by wildlife enthusiasts within our region.
Maximizing Production Of Beef Cattle On Pastures, Justin Sexten
Maximizing Production Of Beef Cattle On Pastures, Justin Sexten
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Standardized performance analysis (SPA) of beef cattle operations continues to demonstrate the importance of reducing feed related costs. As producers look for alternative methods to reduce feed costs the benefits of improved forage management become increasingly important due to the opportunity to reduce feed costs while improving animal performance. One note of caution related to maximizing beef production from pasture, maximizing anything must be done carefully, the difference between maximum success and a total disaster is a fine line.
Grazing Program For Goats, Greg Brann
Grazing Program For Goats, Greg Brann
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Goats are often referred to as four legged bush hogs and actually they perform best when consuming browse. Goats eat from the top down so fields have a mown appearance even when forage is three feet tall. The typical browse height for goats is up to four foot however, they will rise up on their hind legs and sometimes prop on others backs to reach higher. Goats have an affinity for high quality forage. Much of the vegetation we have considered weeds as beef producers is excellent forage for goats. Goats select the high quality leaves and tender growing tips …
From Traditional Confinement Dairying To Grazing Replacement Heifers, Bill Payne
From Traditional Confinement Dairying To Grazing Replacement Heifers, Bill Payne
Kentucky Grazing Conference
I would like to share an account of a transition from a conventional dairy operation to our current Management Intensive Grazing (MIG) enterprise. In 1974, I joined my father who at that time had been dairying on a 265 acre farm in Lincoln County, Kentucky for twenty five years. We fed our registered Holsteins corn silage and alfalfa haylage and purchased a manufactured feed. Our herd of 70 Holsteins spent most of their time on concrete. We did make an effort to allow access to an exercise lot when weather permitted. However, during the greater part of the 1990’s we …
Pastures For Horses: Challenges And Opportunities, Robert Coleman
Pastures For Horses: Challenges And Opportunities, Robert Coleman
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Horses were born to eat grass and how they evolved has allowed them to be efficient users of a high forage diet. In fact, for many of today’s horses, they will survive and thrive on an all forage diet.
Can We Graze Year-Around In The Heart Of America, Edward N. Ballard
Can We Graze Year-Around In The Heart Of America, Edward N. Ballard
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Feed costs represent the major cost in most livestock production systems. A recently completed analysis of 225 Standardized Performance Analysis (SPA) Beef Cow Records on herds in Illinois and Iowa showed that feed cost was the overriding factor determining profitability, explaining over 57 percent of the herd-to-herd variation. Typically the cost of supplying nutrients to ruminant livestock is much greater using harvested feedstuffs as opposed to grazing pastures or crop residues. The primary function of a grassland farm is to convert solar energy to marketable livestock products in the most efficient manner. The fewer steps between the animal product and …
Foreword And Conference Information [2006], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Foreword And Conference Information [2006], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Kentucky Grazing Conference
No abstract provided.
On-Farm Field Research: Setting Up A Valid Comparison, John H. Grove
On-Farm Field Research: Setting Up A Valid Comparison, John H. Grove
Soil Science News and Views
Producers now have the tools (grain carts with load cells, yield monitors, GPS) to do on-farm field research. Additionally, growers are being made aware of more and more products/management options that they might use. One might read farm magazines, talk to neighbors, attend extension and industry presentations, but still wonder whether a particular recommendation would be of benefit. So the question remains. How would this (product, change in management) work on the land that I farm? Tools plus uncertainty equals motivation for an on-farm comparison.
The Corn Belt Multi-State Corn Nitrogen Rate Calculator: Not Reliable For Kentucky Corn Producers, John H. Grove, Gregory J. Schwab
The Corn Belt Multi-State Corn Nitrogen Rate Calculator: Not Reliable For Kentucky Corn Producers, John H. Grove, Gregory J. Schwab
Soil Science News and Views
Because of the rising price of nitrogen (N) fertilizer, university personnel across the country are in the process of fine tuning N recommendations for com. Historically, each state has had different N recommendations based on research results obtained in different production systems and growing environments across each state. Some states in the Com Belt have used a yield potential (yield goal) approach to N recommendations. The expected yield is multiplied by a factor (usually 1.2) and then N credits for previous crop, manure, etc. are subtracted. One problem with this method is that as com yields increase N recommendations also …
On-Farm Field Research: Replicating Your Valid Comparison, John H. Grove
On-Farm Field Research: Replicating Your Valid Comparison, John H. Grove
Soil Science News and Views
On-farm research is motivated by a desire to learn more about a product/practice/system on land you manage. You may now have the tools (yield monitor, weighing grain cart, etc.) to accomplish on-farm research that generates information you can use in management decision-making. Your on-farm research should start with the design of a ''valid comparison", according to your research objective (Soil Science News & Views 26:01).
The Effects Of Land Use Changes On Soil Carbon In The Russian Steppe, Andrew M. Ratigliano
The Effects Of Land Use Changes On Soil Carbon In The Russian Steppe, Andrew M. Ratigliano
Geology Theses and Dissertations
Increasing atmospheric CO2 levels within the past few centuries have led to many studies about the global carbon cycle. An important aspect in balancing the modern global carbon budget revolves around a missing sink of carbon. It is thought that the carbon accumulation in soil may be a significant component in this loss. As changes in land use under natural conditions have increased over the years, it is not well understood how these changes may affect the soil carbon. A useful technique in determining these changes are with the use of archived samples. Within a Russian steppe preserve that has …
Sorption-Desorption Of Imidacloprid And Its Metabolites In Soil And Vadose Zone Materials, Sharon V. Papiernik, William C. Koskinen, Lucia Cox, Pamela J. Rice, Sharon A. Clay, Nancy R. Werdin-Pfisterer, Kristen A. Norberg
Sorption-Desorption Of Imidacloprid And Its Metabolites In Soil And Vadose Zone Materials, Sharon V. Papiernik, William C. Koskinen, Lucia Cox, Pamela J. Rice, Sharon A. Clay, Nancy R. Werdin-Pfisterer, Kristen A. Norberg
Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications
Sorption-desorption is one of the most important processes affecting the leaching of pesticides through soil because it controls the amount of pesticide available for transport. Subsurface soil properties can significantly affect pesticide transport and the potential for groundwater contamination. This research characterized the sorption-desorption of imidacloprid (1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)-methyl]-Nnitro-2-imidazolidinimine) and three of its metabolites, 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-2-imidazolidinone (imidacloprid-urea), 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine (imidaclopridguanidine), and 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-1H-imidazol-2-amine (imidacloprid-guanidine-olefin), as a function of changing soil properties with depth in two profiles extending from the surface to a depth of 1.8 or 8 m. Sorption of each compound was highly variable and hysteretic in all cases. Normalizing the sorption coefficients (Kf) …
Theoretical Derivation Of Stable And Nonisotopic Approaches For Assessing Soil Organic Carbon Turnover, D. E. Clay, C. G. Carlson, S. A. Clay, C. Reese, Z. Liu, J. Chang, M. M. Ellsbury
Theoretical Derivation Of Stable And Nonisotopic Approaches For Assessing Soil Organic Carbon Turnover, D. E. Clay, C. G. Carlson, S. A. Clay, C. Reese, Z. Liu, J. Chang, M. M. Ellsbury
Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications
Techniques for measuring soil organic C (SOC) turnover in production fields are needed. The objectives of this study were to propose and test nonisotopic and 13 C stable isotopic techniques for assessing SOC turnover. Based on SOC equilibrium and mass balance relationships, an equation was derived: NHC/SOC initial=[1/(SOC× k NHC)](dSOC/dt)+ k SOC/k NHC, where dSOC/dt is the annual change in SOC, NHC is nonharvested C returned to soil, k SOC is the annual mineralization rate of SOC, and k NHC is the annual mineralization rate of NHC. This equation was used to calculate maintenance rates. An isotopic approach based on …
Surface Water Assessment For The Buntine-Marchagee Recovery Catchment, R Short, P Whale, D Farmer, N Coles
Surface Water Assessment For The Buntine-Marchagee Recovery Catchment, R Short, P Whale, D Farmer, N Coles
Resource management technical reports
No abstract provided.
Terpenes And Carbohydrate Source Influence Rumen Fermentation, Digestibility, Intake, And Preference In Sheep, J. J. Villalba, F. D. Provenza, K. C. Olson
Terpenes And Carbohydrate Source Influence Rumen Fermentation, Digestibility, Intake, And Preference In Sheep, J. J. Villalba, F. D. Provenza, K. C. Olson
Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah
We hypothesized that toxins and nutrients in foods interact to influence foraging behavior by herbivores. Based on this hypothesis we predicted that 1) terpenes in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) influence intake and preference in sheep for diets varying in sources of nonstructural (barley grain) and structural (sugar beet pulp) carbohydrates, and 2) these effects are due to the differential effects of terpenes on fermentation products and apparent digestibility of each class of carbohydrates. Lambs were fed 2 isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets with varying proportions of the same ingredients (beet pulp- and barley grain-based diet) or offered a choice between the …
Soil-Landscapes Of Western Australia's Rangelands And Arid Interior, Peter J. Tille
Soil-Landscapes Of Western Australia's Rangelands And Arid Interior, Peter J. Tille
Resource management technical reports
This report documents the process of placing the most recent and detailed mapping of Western Australia's Rangelands and Arid interior that is available into a hierarchy of soil-landscape mapping units. It also provides descriptions of the soil-landscape regions, provinces and zones identified.
Methods To Set Land Salinity Resource Condition Targets For The South West : Case Studies From Australia And New Zealand, Sharon Hu
Resource management technical reports
This Resource Management Technical Report provides background to methods to set targets on land salinity in the South West Natural Resource Management (NRM) region of Western Australia. Case studies from Australia and New Zealand have been reviewed to determine what approaches should be used. Resource Condition Targets (RCTs) are required for land salinity, soil condition and remnant vegetation.
Evaluation Of The Sustainable Grazing On Saline Lands - Wa Producer Network : Influence On Practice Change And Decision-Making Capacity, Rebecca Heath, Jamie Bowyer, T M. Lacey
Evaluation Of The Sustainable Grazing On Saline Lands - Wa Producer Network : Influence On Practice Change And Decision-Making Capacity, Rebecca Heath, Jamie Bowyer, T M. Lacey
Resource management technical reports
No abstract provided.
Natural Resource Management Issues In The Avon River Basin, Paul Galloway
Natural Resource Management Issues In The Avon River Basin, Paul Galloway
Resource management technical reports
Analyses the risk of soil, land and water degradation within the Avon River Basin of Western Australia. Information is based on the interpretation of the characteristics of soils and landscapes within the Avon River basin. This report deals with 15 natural resource management issues and describes the extent of each issue, the impacts that each issue will have, management options that can be used to deal with each issue, and the effectiveness of each management option in dealing with the issues.
Ravensthorpe Area Catchment Appraisal 2006, A Massenbauer
Ravensthorpe Area Catchment Appraisal 2006, A Massenbauer
Resource management technical reports
The Ravensthorpe area covers 861, 000 hectares. Ninety percent of the study area covered in this report falls within the Ravensthorpe Shire, Western Australia. This document aims to give the reader a starting point from which to further assess larger scale areas of the catchment for the purpose of planning to reverse and improve land degradation and sustainable farming in Western Australia.
Effects Of Elevated Atmospheric Co₂ On Scrub-Oak Root Carbon Pools And Soil Microbial Processes, Alisha Lea Pagel Brown
Effects Of Elevated Atmospheric Co₂ On Scrub-Oak Root Carbon Pools And Soil Microbial Processes, Alisha Lea Pagel Brown
Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations
The levels of atmospheric CO2 are rising and this affects the growth of plants and the ecosystems in which they reside. Plants take up additional C from the atmosphere and have potential to sequester C in the soil. I investigated the sequestration of C belowground and the microbial processes that control C retention in the soil. This study was conducted in a Florida scrub-oak ecosystem, where CO2 levels have been elevated to twice ambient since 1996 in open top chambers. There were eight replicates of ambient CO2 chambers and eight replicates of twice-ambient CO2 levels. The …
Canopy-Tree Influences Along A Soil Parent Material Gradient In Pinus-Ponderosa-Quercus Gambelii Forests, Northern Arizona, Scott R. Abella, Judith D. Springer
Canopy-Tree Influences Along A Soil Parent Material Gradient In Pinus-Ponderosa-Quercus Gambelii Forests, Northern Arizona, Scott R. Abella, Judith D. Springer
Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Publications
ABELLA, S. R. (Public Lands Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154-2040) AND J. D. SPRINGER (Ecological Restoration Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011-5017). Canopy-tree influences along a soil parent material gradient in Pinus ponderosa- Quercus gambelii forests, northern Arizona. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 135: 26–36. 2008.—The distribution of canopy trees can impose within-site patterns of soil properties and understory plant composition. At ten sites spanning a soil parent material gradient in northern Arizona Pinus ponderosa-Quercus gambelii forests, we compared soils and plant composition among five canopy types: openings, Pinus ponderosa …
Spatial Distributions Of Perchloroethylene Reactive Transport Parameters In The Borden Aquifer, Richelle M. Allen-King, Dana Divine, Michel J. L. Robin, J. Richard Alldredge, David R. Gaylord
Spatial Distributions Of Perchloroethylene Reactive Transport Parameters In The Borden Aquifer, Richelle M. Allen-King, Dana Divine, Michel J. L. Robin, J. Richard Alldredge, David R. Gaylord
Conservation and Survey Division
We determined the descriptive statistical and spatial geostatistical properties of the perchloroethene ln Kd and the ln k of a 1.5 m thick by 10 m horizontal transect of the Borden aquifer near the location of the Stanford-Waterloo (SW) tracer experiment. The ln Kd distribution is not normal and is right skewed because of a few high values that occur localized in two regions of the transect. In contrast, the ln k data can be characterized by a normal distribution. A linear regression of ln Kd on ln k yields a statistically significant positive correlation, also shown …
Groundwater-Level Changes In Nebraska, Spring 2000 To Spring 2006/ Density Of Registered Irrigation Wells In Nebraska August 2005, Conservation Survey Division
Groundwater-Level Changes In Nebraska, Spring 2000 To Spring 2006/ Density Of Registered Irrigation Wells In Nebraska August 2005, Conservation Survey Division
Conservation and Survey Division
No abstract provided.
Radio Frequency Enabled Soil Redox Potential Sensor Networks, Chris Holme
Radio Frequency Enabled Soil Redox Potential Sensor Networks, Chris Holme
Theses : Honours
There is a need for' cost effective tools and data collection methods for field measurements; to increase both productivity and volumes of collected data in the quest for enhanced understanding and management of environmental systems. To such end, various technologies that may be combined into a cost effective soil redox sensor network were explored. Suitability of each technology, as a component of said network was evaluated. A prototype soil redox sensor network was constructed and basic laboratory and field testing was completed. Results indicate that the prototype sensor network functions correctly within bounds. Both laboratory and field testing show that …
Evaluation Of Water-Retention Ability Of Eastern Arkansas Prairie And Agricultural Soil, Maria L. Barrenechea, Kristofor R. Brye
Evaluation Of Water-Retention Ability Of Eastern Arkansas Prairie And Agricultural Soil, Maria L. Barrenechea, Kristofor R. Brye
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Agricultural land use affects soil physical properties, such as bulk density, water content, organic matter content, and soil structure; all of which in turn affect ecosystem productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of: 1) time since aboveground biomass has been removed by haying (i.e., 0 vs. 23 years), and 2) land use (i.e., undisturbed tallgrass prairie vs. cultivated agriculture) on water-retention characteristics in a silt-loam soil of the Grand Prairie region of eastern Arkansas. Soil samples were collected from the 0- to 10-cm depth and were wetted with varying amounts of distillated water to create …
A Tool For Estimating Best Management Practice Effectiveness In Arkansas, Katherine R. Merriman, Margaret Gitau, Indrajeet Chaubey
A Tool For Estimating Best Management Practice Effectiveness In Arkansas, Katherine R. Merriman, Margaret Gitau, Indrajeet Chaubey
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
Increased nutrient and sediment losses from expanding agricultural practices and urban development in Arkansas are important environmental concerns. Best Management Practices (BMPs) are being implemented to lessen the effects of these developments on existing water bodies. There is, however, insufficient scientific base as to the effectiveness of these practices. A number of studies have been conducted in recent years to determine BMP effectiveness. Data from these studies can only be reliably used for the individual site from which they were obtained. When considered collectively, these data comprise quantitative effectiveness over a wide range of conditions and can thus be used …
Estimating Surface Runoff In The Illinois River Basin For The Management Of Nonpoint-Source Phosphorus Loads, Adam T. Mcclymont, Mary C. Savin, Brian E. Haggard
Estimating Surface Runoff In The Illinois River Basin For The Management Of Nonpoint-Source Phosphorus Loads, Adam T. Mcclymont, Mary C. Savin, Brian E. Haggard
Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences
With the growing concern about elevated phosphorus (P) concentrations in regional lakes, rivers, and streams, it is essential to investigate factors contributing to P transport from the landscape. Phosphorus fluxes from nonpoint sources, particularly land applications of poultry litter and other animal manures, are closely related to the amount and production of surface runoff. Daily stream discharge and the software program, Base Flow Index (BFI), were used to estimate the amount and temporal patterns of surface runoff at different locations within the Illinois River Basin, including selected tributaries in northwest Arkansas and northeast Oklahoma. Daily streamflow data from nine U.S. …
Phytophthora Diseases Of Cutflower Crops, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia
Phytophthora Diseases Of Cutflower Crops, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia
Bulletins 4000 -
Phytophthora root rot is the most common soil borne disease causing plant death in native cut flower production. It is also a pathogen of exotic cutflower crops such as rose, lily, carnation, proteas and gerbera. The fungus, Phytophthora cinnamomi, the cause of jarrah dieback is the pathogen that first comes to mind when Phytophthora is mentioned. This has one of the widest host ranges of all Phytophthora species, particularly amongst native Australia species. P.nicotianae also has a wide host range, infecting a wide range of exotic, as well as Australian native flower crops. There are also a number of …