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Soil Science

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Articles 9781 - 9810 of 11978

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Frozen Soils: A Perspective On Past And Future Research For Promoting Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Jerry K. Radke, Brenton S. Sharratt, W. Doral Kemper, Dale A. Bucks Jan 1995

Frozen Soils: A Perspective On Past And Future Research For Promoting Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Jerry K. Radke, Brenton S. Sharratt, W. Doral Kemper, Dale A. Bucks

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Frozen soils impact many industries which rely· on soil, water, and .air resources in developing and manufacturing products. Most noteworthy is the agricultural industry in the northern United States where soils, which sustain food and fiber production, are subjected to frequent freezing and thawing. Soil freezing and thawing influences soil erodibility, surface and ground water quality, air quality, and biological activity. Many strides toward understanding frozen soil processes and managing lands to minimize the adverse effects of freezing and thawing have been made over the last two decades. Yet, further efforts to identify frozen soil processes which influence wind and …

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Morphological Indicators Of Seasonally-Saturated Soils For A Hydrosequence In Southeastern Minnesota, J. C. Bell, J. A. Thompson, C. A. Butler Jan 1995

Morphological Indicators Of Seasonally-Saturated Soils For A Hydrosequence In Southeastern Minnesota, J. C. Bell, J. A. Thompson, C. A. Butler

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

The duration and depth of seasonal soil saturation affects soil suitability for many landuses and are critical factors in the determination of hydric soil boundaries for jurisdictional wetland delineations. Biochemical processes in saturated, anaerobic soil conditions lead to the genesis of soil morphological features that indicate the duration of seasonal saturation. However, few prior studies confirm the relationships between soil hydrology and soil morphology in Minnesota landscapes. We monitored water table and piezometric elevations, soil temperature, redox potential, and soil matric potential at multiple depths for five locations along a hillslope hydrosequence of well to very poorly drained prairie soils …

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Effect Of Subsoiling On Yield Of Burley Tobacco, Kenneth L. Wells, Kim D. Strohmeier Jan 1995

Effect Of Subsoiling On Yield Of Burley Tobacco, Kenneth L. Wells, Kim D. Strohmeier

Soil Science News and Views

Compaction of tobacco fields caused by overworking or working soils when they are too wet has become a topic of concern to burley producers in recent years. Despite the viewpoint of some producers that annual subsoiling of tobacco fields is a profitable practice, particularly on soils which percolate water slowly, the University of Kentucky College of Agriculture recommends subsoiling only for a defined compaction problem. In such cases, some field studies have shown increased yields of burley to tillage practices that penetrate and shatter the compacted layer. Questions persist, however, about the effectiveness of single shank subsoilers used annually by …

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Land Resources Of The Bencubbin Area, Gerard J. Grealish, John Wagnon Jan 1995

Land Resources Of The Bencubbin Area, Gerard J. Grealish, John Wagnon

Land resources series

This survey of the Bencubbin area is part of the Agriculture Western Australia's regional land resource mapping program, and covers approximately 1.5 million hectares in the Merredin, Trayning, Koorda, Mount Marshall, Mukinbudin, Westonia and Nungarin Shires of Western Australia. The climate is Mediterranean, with hot dry summers and cool winters. Land is used for winter cereal production and grazing, and about 60% is cropped each year. Wheat is the main crop and is grown in rotation with lupins, field peas, barley and medic pasture. This report provides primary and interpreted information on the character and capability of the land, for …

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Rangeland Reference Areas : Summary Of Cooperative Project Between The Western Australian Department Of Agriculture And The Environmental Protection Authority, D A. Blood Jan 1995

Rangeland Reference Areas : Summary Of Cooperative Project Between The Western Australian Department Of Agriculture And The Environmental Protection Authority, D A. Blood

Resource management technical reports

The development of agriculture in south-western Australia has been characterised by the replacement of deep-rooted, perennial species of native vegetation with shallow-rooted, annual species. Except for the high rainfall areas, the native vegetation was able to intercept and transpire nearly all of the rainfall resulting in low stream flows and recharge to a groundwater system which was typically deep and restricted to the major valleys. The lack of surface or groundwater movement out of inland catchments used large quantities of cyclic salts to become stored in the regolith. Although annual crops and pastures can be high water users, they are …

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Remnant Vegetation Inventory On The Southern Agricultural Areas Of Western Australia., G R. Beeston, G Mlodowski, A Sanders, D True Jan 1995

Remnant Vegetation Inventory On The Southern Agricultural Areas Of Western Australia., G R. Beeston, G Mlodowski, A Sanders, D True

Resource management technical reports

Remnant vegetation mapping and its incorporation into a Geographical Information System (GIS) data base is the first stage in an overall documentation and promotion of conservation of remnant vegetation in Western Australia. The primary objective of this project being to determine the amount, distribution and regional location of native vegetation remaining on private land in the agricultural area of south-west Western Australia.

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Self-Study Report 1995 Jan 1995

Self-Study Report 1995

Conservation and Survey Division

This Self-Study Report for the Conservation and Survey Division (CSD) is a profile of the unit at this point in time. It is presented in three major sections: (1) Background; (2) Current Programs and Achievements; and (3) A Vision of the Future. All sections draw heavily upon documents, staff input, and committee activities going on within the division.

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Resource Notes-Academic Year 1994-95 Jan 1995

Resource Notes-Academic Year 1994-95

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Resource News-Winter 1995 Jan 1995

Resource News-Winter 1995

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Resource News-Spring 1995 Jan 1995

Resource News-Spring 1995

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Resource News-Summer 1995 Jan 1995

Resource News-Summer 1995

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Guidelines For Decommissioning Water Wells, How To Plug Water Wells, Duane A. Eversoll, Delynn R. Hay, Rod J. Tremblay Jan 1995

Guidelines For Decommissioning Water Wells, How To Plug Water Wells, Duane A. Eversoll, Delynn R. Hay, Rod J. Tremblay

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Annual Outflow And Annual Inflow Of Water From/To Nebraska, 1950-1994, Conservation And Survey Division Jan 1995

Annual Outflow And Annual Inflow Of Water From/To Nebraska, 1950-1994, Conservation And Survey Division

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Structural Contour Map On Top Of The Lansing Group, R. R. Burchett Jan 1995

Structural Contour Map On Top Of The Lansing Group, R. R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Static Pressure At The Ground Under Atmospheric Flow Across A Windbreak, James R. Brandle Jan 1995

Static Pressure At The Ground Under Atmospheric Flow Across A Windbreak, James R. Brandle

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Generalized Classification Of Economic Minerals Jan 1995

Generalized Classification Of Economic Minerals

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Thayer County Test Hole Logs, Raymond R. Burchett, Frank A. Smith Jan 1995

Thayer County Test Hole Logs, Raymond R. Burchett, Frank A. Smith

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Boyd County Test Hole Logs, Susan Olafsen Lackey, Frank A. Smith, Raymond R. Burchett Jan 1995

Boyd County Test Hole Logs, Susan Olafsen Lackey, Frank A. Smith, Raymond R. Burchett

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Nebraska Groundwater In Storage, Conservation Survey Division Jan 1995

Nebraska Groundwater In Storage, Conservation Survey Division

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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Soil Information Sheets For Ravensthorpe And Part Of The Jerramungup Agricultural Areas, Tim D. Overheu, Landcare Western Australia. Jan 1995

Soil Information Sheets For Ravensthorpe And Part Of The Jerramungup Agricultural Areas, Tim D. Overheu, Landcare Western Australia.

Agriculture reports

The soil information sheets produced for the Ravensthorpe Land Conservation District provide an easy reference guide to the soils for part of the Jerramungup and Ravensthorpe agricultural areas, and provide land use and soil management recommendations. Soil data are shown on the front of the sheet, and land use and land management information is given on the back. The information should be used as a guide, and encourage the user to seek further information through the relevant people and organisations.

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Groundwater Flow And Elastoplastic Stress-Strain Model For Cohesive Soils With Application To Channel Bank Stability, Richard A. Rohlf, Billy J. Barfield, Gary K. Felton Nov 1994

Groundwater Flow And Elastoplastic Stress-Strain Model For Cohesive Soils With Application To Channel Bank Stability, Richard A. Rohlf, Billy J. Barfield, Gary K. Felton

KWRRI Research Reports

A saturated-unsaturated groundwater flow and elastoplastic stress-strain finite element model was developed for simulating the mechanical behavior of rill and gully sized channel banks. The model coupled the two-dimensional saturated-unsaturated groundwater flow equation with a plane strain formulation of the virtual work equation. The constitutive relationship used the modified Cam clay yield function. The model included the effects of seepage force and variation in soil cohesive strength due to changes in water content and void ratio. A staggered solution procedure was used in which the groundwater equation was solved first to determine seepage force and soil cohesive force, and then …

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Use Of Riparian Vegetated Filter Strips To Reduce Nitrate And Fecal Contamination In Surface Water, Mark S. Coyne, Robert L. Blevins, Rebecca A. Gilfillen Oct 1994

Use Of Riparian Vegetated Filter Strips To Reduce Nitrate And Fecal Contamination In Surface Water, Mark S. Coyne, Robert L. Blevins, Rebecca A. Gilfillen

KWRRI Research Reports

This research assessed fecal bacteria trapping in surface runoff by grass filters and their potential to enhance NO3- removal via denitrification. Grass filter strips 9.0 m long trapped over 99% of the soil in surface runoff in 1992. Fecal coliform removal was less than 75%. In 1993, 9.0 and 4.5 m grass filter strips trapped 99 and 95% of the sediment, respectively. Fecal coliform trapping efficiency was 90% in 9.0 m grass filters and 75% in 4.5 m filters. Fecal streptococci trapping efficiency was 77% in 9.0 m grass filters and only 56% in 4.5 m filters. Fecal …

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Phosphorus Immobilization In Poultry Litter And Litter-Amended Soils With Aluminum, Calcium And Iron Amendments, D. M. Miller, P. A. Moore Jr., T. C. Daniels Sep 1994

Phosphorus Immobilization In Poultry Litter And Litter-Amended Soils With Aluminum, Calcium And Iron Amendments, D. M. Miller, P. A. Moore Jr., T. C. Daniels

Technical Reports

Arkansas produces approximately one billion broilers each year. Phosphorous (P) runoff from fields receiving poultry litter is believed to be one of the primary factors affecting water quality in Northwest Arkansas. Poultry litter contains approximately 20 g P kg-1, of which about 2 g P kg-1 is water soluble. Soils that have received repeated heavy applications of litter may have water soluble P contents of as high as 10 mg P Kg-1 soil. The objective of this study was to determine if soluble P levels could be reduced in poultry litter and litter-amended soils with Al,Ca, and/or Fe amendments. Poultry …

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Pastoral Resources And Their Management In The North-Eastern Goldfields, Western Australia, H J. Pringle Sep 1994

Pastoral Resources And Their Management In The North-Eastern Goldfields, Western Australia, H J. Pringle

Agriculture reports

This report commences with a brief section in which rangeland survey information is put into a pastoral management context. It then describes the environment in terms of types of rangeland and climate. Types of rangeland are described in terms of pasture types, land systems and land types. A pasture type is a kind of land at a plant community or landform scale. It is what is seen out of the window of a vehicle and what monitoring sites are located on. A land system can be seen as a pattern of pasture types in a characteristic position in the landscape. …

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Soil Biodiversity: Its Importance To Ecosystem Processes, Long Term Ecological Research Network Aug 1994

Soil Biodiversity: Its Importance To Ecosystem Processes, Long Term Ecological Research Network

Long Term Ecological Research Network

Report of a Workshop Held at The Natural History Museum, London, England

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Assessment Of Effectiveness Of Buffer Zones In Removing Impurites In Runoff From Areas Treated With Poultry Litter, I. Chaubey, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniels Jun 1994

Assessment Of Effectiveness Of Buffer Zones In Removing Impurites In Runoff From Areas Treated With Poultry Litter, I. Chaubey, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniels

Technical Reports

Land application of animal manures (e.g. poultry litter, poultry manure, and swine manure) to pasture and range can lead to runoff quality degradation during storms that occur soon after application. Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have been shown to reduce pollution in runoff from row-cropped areas but have not been extensively studied in pasture and range settings. This research involved characterizing performance of fescue VFS in improving quality of runoff from pasture land areas treated with poultry litter and swine manure. The VFS were found to be quite effective in reducing off-site transport of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), …

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Correlating Soil Test Phosphorus Losses In Runoff, D. H. Pote, T. C. Daniel, P. A. Moore Jr., D. J. Nichols, D. R. Edwards, A. N. Sharpley Jun 1994

Correlating Soil Test Phosphorus Losses In Runoff, D. H. Pote, T. C. Daniel, P. A. Moore Jr., D. J. Nichols, D. R. Edwards, A. N. Sharpley

Technical Reports

Phosphorus in agricultural runoff is often a major cause of accelerated eutrophication of lakes and streams. Previous research has indicated that the amount of dissolved P (DP) in runoff is directly related to P content of the surface soil. Decades of fertilizer application at rates exceeding those of crop uptake have elevated soil test P (STP) levels in areas of intensive crop and livestock production, making this the major source of DP loss in runoff. The objective of our experiment was to relate STP content of Captina silt loam to P concentration and loss in runoff, and determine which STP …

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The Prediction Of Sediment And Nutrient Transport In The Buffalo River Watershed Using A Geographic Information System, H. D. Scott, P. A. Smith Jun 1994

The Prediction Of Sediment And Nutrient Transport In The Buffalo River Watershed Using A Geographic Information System, H. D. Scott, P. A. Smith

Technical Reports

The Buffalo River was established by Congress in 1972 as the first National River in the United States. It is one of the few remaining free-flowing streams in northern Arkansas. The river originates in the higher elevations of the Boston Mountains in Newton County, and generally flows northeastward, intersecting the Springfield and Salem Plateaus as it drops from approximately 2000 feet in the headwaters to around 500 feet at the confluence with the White River in Marion County. It is considered by many to be one of Arkansas' greatest natural treasures, and therefore , there is strong interest in protecting …

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Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1993, B. R. Wells Jun 1994

Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1993, B. R. Wells

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The research reports in this publication represent one year of results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for longterm recommendations. Several research reports in this publication dealing with soU fertility also appear in Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 1993, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series 436. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between the two series and our effort to inform Arkansas rice producers of all the research being conducted with funds from the rice check-off.

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Banded Agates, Origins And Inclusions, Roger K. Pabian, Andrejs Zarins Jun 1994

Banded Agates, Origins And Inclusions, Roger K. Pabian, Andrejs Zarins

Conservation and Survey Division

No abstract provided.

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