Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Biochrome Analysis As A Method For Assessing Phytoplankton Dynamics Phase Ii, Richard L. Meyer

Technical Reports

Selected chemical, physical and biological parameters were determined for a man-made lake, Beaver Lake, on the White River of Arkansas and Missouri. The research program determined the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the temporal and spatial distribution of the algal subcommunities. It was determined that the epipelic, epilithic, epizooic and metaphytic subcommunities had little influence on the euplanktonic subcommunity. The relationship between the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the biochromes chlorophyll-a, -b, and -c and the phytoplankton species clustered into biochrome sets is discussed. The temporal and spatial distributional patterns of temperature, oxygen, ammonia-N, nitrate-N, orthophosphate-P and silicates are described …

Water Quality As An Approach To Managing Recreational Use And Development On A Mountain Watershed: South Fork Of The Ogden River-Ogden Valley Area, Bruce A. Johnson, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

The South Fork of the Ogden River, one of several heavily used mountain watersheds along Utah's Wasatch Front, was studied between February 1 and November 1, 1974, to determine the effects of recreation on water quality.

Although the greatest impacts on water quality occurred during spring runoff, it was found that recreational use had a definite effect on water quality. Bacteriological parameters were found to be the most sensitive indicators of contamination.

Differences between heavy weekend and light weekday recreational use were reflected by differences in bacteriological counts. Also, it appears that changes in bacterial water quality were more closely …

The Effect Of Human Activity On The Middle Course Of The Tualatin River, Oregon, Lolita M. Carter

Dissertations and Theses

A diurnal study of biological, chemical, and physical parameters was made on the middle course of the, Tualatin River, which drains a 1840 km² (711 mi²) basin adjacent to metropolitan Portland, Oregon. This portion of the river lies along land in transition of use from rural agriculture to highly urbanized development.

There is no nutrient loading of the river from farming practices because there was no return of water from summer, sprinkler irrigation of commercial crops. However, irrigation significantly reduces the volume of water in the river in the summers.

Effluents from sewage treatment plants flowing into …

Water Current, Volume 7, No. 5, May 1975

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Farmers and Irrigators Threatened by Possible Extension of Federal Authority for Disposal of Dredged or Fill Material
Water Research and Education Advisory Committee Established
EPA Strategy Paper Lists 1976 Priorities
Research Review: Pollution of Surface Irrigation Water by Plant Pathogenic Organisms

An Evaluation Of The Fishery Resources Of The Thames River Watershed, Connecticut, Connecticut Department Of Environmental Protection

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Heat And Moisture Conduction In Unsaturated Soils, J. A. Havens, R. E. Babcock

Technical Reports

Mathematical models are developed for the prediction of heat transfer from hot water pipes buried in the soil. Heat transfer in the absence of moisture transfer is described as a function of the difference between the temperature of the pipe and the temperature of the soil surface. The energy balance is used to determine the longitudinal temperature distribution of the water. The method is extended to describe a system of equally spaced, parallel buried pipes. Soil temperature profiles around the pipes are presented. The model is used to calculate the land area that can be heated by an underground piping …

Evaluation Of Recovery In A Polluted Creek After Installation Of New Sewage Treatment Procedures, Robert A. Kuehne

KWRRI Research Reports

Response of Hickman Creek near Lexington, Kentucky to alleviation from serious sewage pollution was studied from January, 1973 through July, 1974. Wastes are now handled from an efficient secondary treatment facility and four sequential polishing lagoons before chlorination and discharge to West Hickman branch.

Physico-chemical tests gave no strong indication of residual pollution effects at the start of the study, approximately six months after the treatment facility opened. At low flow a slight oxygen sag, probably associated with algal growth in the lagoons, persists downstream from the outfall. Mean values for turbidity, nitrates and COD are somewhat higher at the …

The Influence Of Roots On The Accuracy Of Soil-Moisture Measurements Taken With A Neutron Moisture Meter, Terry L. Andreessen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of roots on soil-moisture measurements taken with a neutron probe were studied. These effects were observed under three different soil-moisture conditions, with different sized roots, and with varying distances between the access tube and root. The moisture conditions used were air dry, field capacity, and saturated.

Large roots can greatly affect neutron soil-moisture measurements when the access hole is drilled through the root. Positive errors as large as 52 percent were found when the soil moisture was at field capacity. With dry and saturated conditions positive errors of 43 percent and 38 percent respectively, were found.

In most …

Water Current, Volume 7, No. 4, April 1975

Water Current Newsletter

Why Plan for Water and Land Resource Management?
Duane Acker to Head Kansas State
Nebraska Water Quality Report
Funds Requested for MRBC Yellowstone Study
Agreement Reached on Water Marketing
Old West Governors Challenge Corps Power
Water Crisis Predicted
EPA Drinking Water Survey Shows Possible Carcinogens
Water Resources Scientific Information Center
National Drinking Water Advisory Council Named
Pollution Tax Urged
Research Review: Biological Control of Blue-Green Algae

Sodium, Potassium, Calcium And Magnesium Content Of Northwest Arkansas Rain Water In 1974, G. H. Wagner

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Water Current, Volume 7, No. 3, March 1975

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Search for NWRRI Director Proceeding
New Address for Former NWRRI Director
Institute Publications
1975 Nebraska Water Conference Review
Underground Water Pumping Bill to Legislature
Environmental Specialist Joins MRBC Planning Staff
FY 1976 Proposed Water Budgets
Water Resources Council Begins Study on Cost Sharing
FEA Projects Rail and Barge Shortages for Coal Transport
Research Review: Biophysical Control of Water Loss
Butcher Named Water Research Director

Final Report: Buffalo National River Ecosystems, R. E. Babcock, H. C. Macdonald, D. G. Parker, Joe F. Nix, Kenneth F. Steele, Richard L. Meyer, R. W. Raible, D. A. Becker, R. V. Kilambi, E. H. Schmitz

Technical Reports

The objective of this study was to sample the Buffalo River on a seasonal basis for a year, in order to determine whether any potential water quality problems existed.

Water Current, Volume 7, No. 2, February 1975

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Institute Director Resigns
Search for NWRRI Director Underway
NWRRI Research Seminar
Institute Publications
MRBC Water Resources Priorities Set
Safe Drinking Water Bill Signed
Graduate Study in Water Resources
Research Review: Investigation of Laser Ramen Spectroscopy for Analysis of Water Quality

Water Current, Volume 7, No. 1, January 1975

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Conference Held on Research in Action
NWRRI Research Seminar
Nebraska First in NPDES Program
Resignations and Retirements from OWRT
Future Water Crisis Noted
Horton Outlines Federal Water Policy
Research Review: Seasonsal Water Use of Irrigated Pasture Grasses Under Permanent-Set Irrigation as Related to Climatic Factors

Hydroelectric Power Potential At Corps Of Engineers Projects : A Report, Ralph L. Trisko, United States. Army., Institiute For Water Resources

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

This report completes phase one of the study. It is intended to fill the need, recognized at the outset, for a broad framework within which subsequent more detailed study at the project level might take place. It is an overview of physical hydropower potential in the context of energy and water resources and demands, energy economics, and federal policy, organization, and practices pertaining to hydropower development and marketing.

Process Control Of Activated Sludge Treatment, Phase Ii, Richard I. Kermode, Robert W. J. Brett, Joseph D. Pault Jr.

KWRRI Research Reports

Material balances on substrate and microorganisms were derived in conjunction with various mixing configurations thought to accurately describe the activated sludge process. These models include the completely mixed with bypass, plug flow, and plug flow with bypass. Two sets of kinetic mechanisms for substrate utilization and bacterial growth were employed.

A feed forward controller was designed from linear approximations of the material balances derived in the completely mixed with bypass mixing model. Utilizing frequency response methods, the controller was found essentially identical to a completely mixed modeled controller developed in a prior investigation.

Through computer simulation the controller's effectiveness was …

Stochastic Simulation Of Daily Rainfall, David M. Allen, C. T. Haan, Don Linton, Jim Street, David Jordan

KWRRI Research Reports

The design of many water resources projects requires knowledge of possible long-term rainfall patterns. In this project a stochastic model based on a first order Markov chain was developed to simulate daily rainfall at a point. The model is applicable to any point in Kentucky (and other areas with similar rainfall patterns).

The model in its present form is useful in providing rainfall inputs into hydrologic models for designing water supply facilities and other water resources systems. The model uses historical rainfall data to estimate the Markov transitional probabilities. A separate matrix is estimated for each month of the year. …

Sensitivity Of Vertebrate Embryos To Heavy Metals As A Criterion Of Water Quality, Phase Ii: Bioassay Procedures Using Developmental Stages As Test Organisms, Wesley J. Birge, Albert G. Westerman, Jeffrey A. Black, Oliver W. Roberts

KWRRI Research Reports

Chick, amphibian, and fish embryos were evaluated as bioassay and bioindicator organisms. Test procedures were developed by which embryonic stages may be used 1) in bioassay systems to evaluate the toxicity of particular metallic or metal-containing trace contaminants, and 20 as bioindicators to monitor the quality of natural water resources.

A bioassay technique was devised in which metallic toxicants were administered to chick embryos by "needle tract" injection into the yolk sac. This provided more uniform distribution of test metals throughout the yolk mass than can be obtained by conventional yolk sac injection methods, and gave more sensitivity and uniformity …

Shoreline Situation Report New Kent, King William, And King And Queen Counties, Carl H. Hobbs Iii, Margaret H. Peoples, Gary L. Anderson, Peter Rosen, Robert J. Byrne, John M. Zeigler

Reports

No abstract provided.

Van Duzen Basin Study: Historical Research On Houses In Hydesville-Carlotta Area, Susie Van Kirk

Susie Van Kirk Papers

This paper is an edited version of two separate reports. This report, Van Duzen Basin Atlas, California State Department of Water Resources and the County of Humboldt, was prepared under the direction of Don Tuttle, Resources Analyst for Humboldt County (listed as "Van Duzen Basin Study: Historical Research on Houses in Hydesville-Carlotta Area"). The second report, Van Duzen Management Plan, California Department of fish and Game, was directed by Environmental Research Consultants, Inc., Arcata (listed as "Historical Survey of Van Duzen River Basin").

Food And Distribution Of Underyearling Brook And Rainbow Trout In Castle Lake, California, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, R. Brocksen, C. Goldman

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

A difference was found in the summer distribution of underyearling brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), and planted rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, in Castle Lake, California. Brook trout underyearlings oriented to the bottom and were found primarily in shallow water on the eastern shore of the lake near springs. The rainbow trout underyearlings were more pelagic and were found in the littoral areas along the entire shoreline. Gravimetrically, the food eaten during the summer by brook trout underyearlings was 13% terrestrial, 11% limnetic, and 76% benthic. Rainbow trout ate 15% terrestrial, 15% limnetic, and 70% benthic food. In summer, rainbow …

Development Of A Management Framework Of The Great Salt Lake, J. Paul Riley, Calvin G. Clyde, William J. Grenney, Yacov Y. Haimes, Craig T. Jones

Reports

No abstract provided.

Colorado River Regional Assessment Study Part One: Executive Summary, Basin Profile, And Report Digest, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Urban Storm Runoff Inlet Hydrograph Study Volume 1: Computer Analysis Of Runoff From Urban Highway Watersheds Under Time- And Space-Varying Rainstorms, Chen-Lung Chen

Reports

The main objective of this study is to develop an accurate design method for computing inlet hydrographs of surface runoff, with average recurrence intervals of 10, 25, and 50 years, from typical urban highway by flood routing technique. The most comprehensive mathematical model based on the method of characteristics was developed for computing the runoff inlet hydrograph. All flood routing methods were extensively reviewed and the most efficient and accurate technique was adopted for the formulation of a numerical (computer) model including all the rainfall-runoff processes on a highway watershed. Accuracy of the computer model was then examined by comparing …

Economic Value Of Water-Oriented Recreation Quality, E. Boyd Wennergren, Herbert H. Fullerton, John E. Keith, Robin Meale

Reports

No abstract provided.

An Application Of The Utah State University Watershed Simulation Model To The Entiat Experimental Watershed, Washington State, David S. Bowles, J. Paul Riley, George B. Shih

Reports

To study the effects of a forest fire on runoff characteristics, the Utah State University Watershed Simulation Model (USUWSM) has been applied to three small drainage areas in the Entiat Experimental Watershed which is located within the Wenatchee National Forest of central Washington. Each component of the USUWSM has been described in the report, including structural changes to the model that were necessary to achieve reasonable agreement between observed and simulated runoff hydrographs. Lack of information on the spatial distribution and precipitation due to the absence of an adequate precipitation gaging network on or close to the study area was …

Modeling Phytoplankton Blooms In A Stratified Embayment, William J. Grenney

Reports

A mathematical model was developed to simulate the nitrogen limited growth dynamics of phytoplankton in a stratefied embayment. The representation of biological growth dynamics includes consideration of intracellular nutrient storage as well as the effects of temperature and light intensity. Several competing species can be represented simultaneously. Model hydrodynamics represent the effects of vertical mixing in the water column on the physical distribution of nutrients and phytoplankton. Sinking velocities of the cells are also included. The model was applied to Auke Bay, Alaska, and model responses are compared to data observed during the spring and summer of 1967.

Impacts Of Energy Development On Utah Water Resources, Barry C. Saunders

Reports

Introduction: Choosing a theme for a conference especially one for a group of diverse disciplines such as the American Water Resources Association encompasses, is always a challenge. you find yourself torn between thigns you'd really like to talk and hear about, and topics you think will draw attendance. It was most fortunate when somebody came up with the idea of Water for Energy, becasue to my way of thinking, it met both of these ends. There is no denying that starting in late 1973, energy has been the catchword, and the energy crisis has been the bandwagon to leap upon. …

The Natural Salinity Of The Colorado River, Stewart J. Williams

Reports

No abstract provided.

Urban Storm Runoff Inlet Hydrograph Study Volume 4; Synthetic Storms For Design Of Urban Highway Drainage Facilities., Cheng-Lung Chen

Reports

The main objective of this study is to develop an accurate design method for computing inlet hydrographs of surface runoff, with average recurrence intervals of 10, 25, and 50 years, from typical urban highway by flood routing technique. Knowledge of the time distribution of rainfall in heavy storms constitutes a basis for the design of an urban storm sewer system. A unified time-coordinate system and the rainfall intensity-duration-frequency relationships are used to develop the generalized synthetic (design) hyetograph equations for all types of storms. The hyetograph equations are further normalized for identifying the dimensionless parameters that play predominant roles in …