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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Your Place In The Watershed - Toolkits For Communicating Stormwater Issues And Its Impacts On Underserved Populations, Ellen Southard Apr 2022

Your Place In The Watershed - Toolkits For Communicating Stormwater Issues And Its Impacts On Underserved Populations, Ellen Southard

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Our work is based on the fundamental belief that all individuals have a role to play in Puget Sound recovery, conservation, and the protection of salmon habitat in our region. This session will look at case studies for outreach and engagement Toolkits for individuals and neighborhoods building green infrastructure as problem solvers. Ellen will share her work with multiple communities in and around Puget Sound from dense urban neighborhoods to rural areas with a focus on inclusion and overcoming language barriers; highlighting outreach efforts stemming from understanding of demographic needs, research, home country experiences and local watershed education. The Toolkits …

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Delivering Science Support For Avian Conservation And Management In Salish Sea Estuaries, Trina Bayard Apr 2022

Delivering Science Support For Avian Conservation And Management In Salish Sea Estuaries, Trina Bayard

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Avian Monitoring in Estuaries project, led by the Stillaguamish Tribe, Audubon Washington, Ecostudies Institute, and WDFW, seeks to build a stronger scientific basis for avian conservation and the integration of birds into habitat management and restoration through delivery of science products and monitoring tools. In this talk we will highlight our progress to date and share opportunities for participation. The project team has conducted extensive end-user engagement with avian monitoring practitioners and estuary managers, synthesizing existing monitoring data and identifying priority avian management needs and concerns. In Phase I we conducted an inventory and synthesis of avian monitoring associated …

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Data-Limited Fisheries Methods Shed Light On The Exploitation History And Population Dynamics Of Esa-Listed Yelloweye Rockfish In Puget Sound, Washington, Markus Min Apr 2022

Data-Limited Fisheries Methods Shed Light On The Exploitation History And Population Dynamics Of Esa-Listed Yelloweye Rockfish In Puget Sound, Washington, Markus Min

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Yelloweye Rockfish in the Puget Sound/Georgia Basin were listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in 2010, and a formal recovery plan for these species was published by NOAA Fisheries in 2017. Under this recovery plan, the criteria for delisting or downlisting are specified as certain levels of spawning potential ratio (SPR), which compares the reproductive capacity of a stock in its current condition relative to an unfished condition. SPR is a proxy for relative stock biomass, a commonly used metric of stock status. Although these metrics can be estimated without catch histories, catch histories improve our understanding of population …

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Salish Sea Education In Public Schools Breaks Barriers To Science, Traditional Knowledge, And A Culture Of Evidence-Based Decision-Making. How Can We Elevate Access?, Mira Lutz Castle, Dr. Bert Weber, Leonard Merriman, Sally Hanft, Ardi Kveven, Elizabeth Schmitz, Anna Booker, Rosie Cayou James Apr 2022

Salish Sea Education In Public Schools Breaks Barriers To Science, Traditional Knowledge, And A Culture Of Evidence-Based Decision-Making. How Can We Elevate Access?, Mira Lutz Castle, Dr. Bert Weber, Leonard Merriman, Sally Hanft, Ardi Kveven, Elizabeth Schmitz, Anna Booker, Rosie Cayou James

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

If we want adult citizens who consider they are uphill from the ocean when voting and in their daily decisions, our children need opportunities to know, connect with, and help protect the Salish Sea, their home. If we want wildlife recognition to surpass brand recognition and outside playtime to surpass screen time for our children, we need estuary education growth on an exponential scale. Educating students about the watershed and sea we share is integral to any far-seeing strategic plan for recovery and fulfilling the solemn promises of our treaties. Salish Sea science in public and tribal schools reaches every …

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Modeling The Effects Of Projected Climate Warming On Stream Temperatures In The Stillaguamish River Basin, Emily Smoot Apr 2022

Modeling The Effects Of Projected Climate Warming On Stream Temperatures In The Stillaguamish River Basin, Emily Smoot

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Stillaguamish River watershed is a snow-and-rain mixed basin in northwestern Washington, with snowmelt being important for sustaining spring and summer streamflow and buffering stream-temperatures. Elevations in the 1700 sq-km Stillaguamish basin reach roughly 2000 m that sustain a historical snowpack above about 1000 m. Previous basin-specific modeling projected that snowpack will retreat to higher elevations and summer stream temperatures will increase, reaching both embryo lethality (16 °C) and adult lethality (22 °C) by 2075 in the North and South Forks in the Stillaguamish River. Stream temperature increases are of significant concern because of the threatened Chinook salmon population, which …

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Hatchery Release Strategy Effects On Production Outcomes For Chinook And Coho, Sam James Apr 2022

Hatchery Release Strategy Effects On Production Outcomes For Chinook And Coho, Sam James

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Salmon hatcheries face the challenging task of developing release strategies that attempt to maximize survival and minimize risk to wild populations. Release strategies refer to the size at release, timing of release, nature of release (i.e. forced or volitional), number of releases, release location, and the use of acclimation facilities prior to release. We led an extensive review of hatchery release strategies and how they can be used as a management tool to influence production outcomes (i.e. survival, catch, and return ages). The review consisted of three components: 1) a systematic review of the literature from BC and the western …

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Modeling The Effects Of Climate Change On Peak Flows In The Nooksack River, North Cascades, Wa, Evan Paul Apr 2022

Modeling The Effects Of Climate Change On Peak Flows In The Nooksack River, North Cascades, Wa, Evan Paul

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Nooksack River in northwest Washington State provides freshwater for agriculture and industrial use and serves as a vital habitat for endangered salmon, a resource that is of cultural and economic importance to the Nooksack Indian Tribe. Historically, peak streamflows in the 2300 sq-km Nooksack basin are driven by rainfall in the fall and early winter. Global climate models (GCMs) project an increase in air temperatures for the Salish Sea region, and previous modeling within the Nooksack basin projects a reduction in snowpack extent through the 21st century and an increase in winter streamflow magnitude. As more landscape becomes exposed …

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Floodplains By Design: Introductory Guidance And Resources For The Integration Of Climate Information In Floodplain Management, Tess Wrobleski Apr 2022

Floodplains By Design: Introductory Guidance And Resources For The Integration Of Climate Information In Floodplain Management, Tess Wrobleski

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The adaptive co-management of a complex, socio-ecological system such as floodplains often requires a strategic and coordinated approach for achieving climate resilience. At the same time, the collaborative nature of Integrated Floodplain Management often involves a broad range of actors with varying perspectives on adaptation who must work within their own organizational mandates, regulatory domains and decision-making frameworks. Through an assessment of existing literature, this work draws on best practices to develop Introductory Guidance for effective climate adaptation in Integrated Floodplain Management. The goal of this guidance document is to provide floodplain practitioners in Pierce, Snohomish, and Whatcom counties with …

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Explorations Into The Assessment Of Hatchery Effectiveness And Interactions Between Hatchery And Wild Fish: Challenges And Results., Andy Rosenberger Apr 2022

Explorations Into The Assessment Of Hatchery Effectiveness And Interactions Between Hatchery And Wild Fish: Challenges And Results., Andy Rosenberger

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Wild stocks of Pacific salmon have experienced significant declines in abundance over the past century. One of the management tools to compensate for these losses has been the use of hatcheries to produce salmon and provide continued support for our fisheries, rebuilding and conservation efforts. There is now widespread recognition of the need to evaluate the role and effectiveness of hatcheries in British Columbia. In 2020, the Pacific Salmon Foundation received funding through the BC Salmon Restoration and Innovation Fund to conduct an independent science-based review of hatchery effectiveness in BC. This work is made up of several components, a …

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Bring Your Estuary Expertise To Students Outdoors! Seadoc Society’S Free Explore The Salish Sea Curriculum For Grade 5 - Just Add Water...And Community Partners., Mira Lutz Castle, Leigh Ann Gilmer Apr 2022

Bring Your Estuary Expertise To Students Outdoors! Seadoc Society’S Free Explore The Salish Sea Curriculum For Grade 5 - Just Add Water...And Community Partners., Mira Lutz Castle, Leigh Ann Gilmer

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Over 200 schools are currently using the Explore the Salish Sea curriculum with the award-winning Explore the Salish Sea: A Nature Guide for Kids book, and SeaDoc has donated nearly 4,900 copies to students in low income and tribal schools. Why? To build a science-literate, traditional knowledge-respecting citizenry who considers the life downstream in their every day and voting decisions. Teaching students science is one thing, but giving students a hands-on opportunity to participate in real science is a surefire way to increase their learning engagement. SeaDoc Society invites you to the table to discover how this curriculum engages students …

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The 2021 Puget Sound Nearshore Summit And Synthesis: Proceedings And Key Outcomes, Dr. Letitia (Tish) Conway-Cranos Apr 2022

The 2021 Puget Sound Nearshore Summit And Synthesis: Proceedings And Key Outcomes, Dr. Letitia (Tish) Conway-Cranos

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Led by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (WDFW) Estuary and Salmon and Restoration Program (ESRP) and the Puget Sound Ecosystem Monitoring Program (PSEMP) Nearshore Work Group, the goal of the Nearshore Summit was to connect natural scientists, social scientists, and restoration practitioners to synthesize Puget Sound nearshore restoration actions and science. Specific objectives were to: (1) Synthesize nearshore restoration science, (2) Capture insights from restoration practice, (3) Identify the most important science and restoration management questions that will guide future actions, (4) Update Puget Sound Nearshore Ecosystem Restoration Project (PSNERP) conceptual models for the ecosystem responses of specific …

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Shoreline Management Plans: A Hindrance Or A Help To Kelp Conservation In Puget Sound?, Katherine Conroy Apr 2022

Shoreline Management Plans: A Hindrance Or A Help To Kelp Conservation In Puget Sound?, Katherine Conroy

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The waters of Puget Sound are home to one of the most diverse assemblages of kelp species in the world, providing numerous ecosystem services. However, documented loss of bull kelp (Nereocystis luekeana) forests in South and Central Puget Sound and observed declines throughout Puget Sound, pose a threat to marine ecosystems dependent on kelp forests for habitat and primary production, and jeopardize economic activities reliant on kelp-based resources. Although the recently released Kelp Conservation and Recovery Plan highlights the need for action, local environmental regulations may complicate implementing restoration projects and may not adequately protect kelp. We used content analysis …

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Social Science For The Salish Sea: An Interactive Discussion To Build A Research Agenda, Dr. Sara Breslow, Dr. David Trimbach, Leah Kintner, Heather Cole, Dr. Nathan Bennett, Dr. Leif Anderson, Erin Hanson, Dr. Jamie Donatuto Apr 2022

Social Science For The Salish Sea: An Interactive Discussion To Build A Research Agenda, Dr. Sara Breslow, Dr. David Trimbach, Leah Kintner, Heather Cole, Dr. Nathan Bennett, Dr. Leif Anderson, Erin Hanson, Dr. Jamie Donatuto

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

What do you think we need to know about people to advance the ecosystem recovery goals of our transboundary region? The Social Science for the Salish Sea (S4) project convened 40 researchers and practitioners from academic, governmental, non-profit and Indigenous organizations in Washington and British Columbia to scope an action-oriented “human dimensions” research agenda for our region. In this panel we will present our results, process, recommendations, and progress toward implementing the S4 agenda, and invite your questions and feedback in an interactive audience discussion. We identified 33 social science topics serving 4 major ecosystem recovery goals: ecological health, human …

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California's Regulation Of Motor Vehicle Tires Containing 6ppd, Dr. Anne-Cooper Doherty Apr 2022

California's Regulation Of Motor Vehicle Tires Containing 6ppd, Dr. Anne-Cooper Doherty

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The California Department of Toxic Substances Control's Safer Consumer Products (SCP) program has proposed motor vehicle tires containing 6PPD as a Priority Product in an effort to help mitigate the impacts of 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone on coho salmon and other potentially impacted aquatic species. The SCP program utilizes a novel approach to regulation of chemicals in consumer products that has allowed the Program to move quickly on this important issue, with hopes that this regulation will have impacts across the entire tire market. This presentation will provide an overview of how the SCP program works, including the requirement for manufacturers …

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Occurrence And Fate Of 6ppd-Quinone In Urban Receiving Waters, Dr. Edward Kolodziej Apr 2022

Occurrence And Fate Of 6ppd-Quinone In Urban Receiving Waters, Dr. Edward Kolodziej

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

In the U.S. Pacific Northwest, coho salmon, (Oncorhynchus kisutch), annually exhibit acute mortality upon stormwater exposure when adult salmon migrate to urban and near urban creeks to reproduce. We recently linked these mortality events to “6PPD-quinone”, a highly toxic transformation product of a common industrial antioxidant chemical 6PPD that is ubiquitously used in vehicle tires. These results reveal unanticipated risks of tire rubber antioxidants to an important aquatic species and imply toxicological relevance for widely dissipated tire rubber residues. Management of roadway runoff in general, and 6PPD/6PPD-quinone specifically, will be a clear priority for maintenance of ecosystem health and function, …

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Pathogen Filtration: An Untapped Ecosystem Service, Corinne Klohmann Apr 2022

Pathogen Filtration: An Untapped Ecosystem Service, Corinne Klohmann

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Eelgrass (Zostera marina) is a marine angiosperm found in coastal temperate waters worldwide. Eelgrass is a vital part of coastal ecosystems providing nurseries for fish, habitat for invertebrates, sediment stabilization, coastal protection, water filtration, and carbon sequestration. In the tropics, seagrass beds have demonstrated their ability to decrease the abundance of the bacterial pathogen Enterococcus. Enterococcus-associated pathogens can sicken humans and other animals in the water. This work examines microbial community composition in seagrass beds in Puget Sound and the underlying mechanisms involved in pathogen filtration by seagrass beds. We assessed microbial abundance and composition using Enterococcus assays as well …

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Predicting The Ecotoxicological Impacts Of Microplastics In The Salish Sea Using Gis, Melina Sorensen Apr 2022

Predicting The Ecotoxicological Impacts Of Microplastics In The Salish Sea Using Gis, Melina Sorensen

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Microplastics are ubiquitous in the world's oceans and have negatively impacted marine biota and ecosystem health. The Salish Sea, an inland sea ranging from Vancouver to Puget Sound, is an ecologically significant ecosystem. This study determined the areas in the Northern Salish Sea (Canadian jurisdiction) in which microplastics are likely to accumulate and subsequently where they are likely to cause ecological harm. Modelling and weighted raster analysis was performed using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Areas of highest risk were identified, four key ecological areas of concern in relation to the results were investigated, and the potential impacts of microplastics on …

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Intertidal Eelgrass Decline Under Combined Effects Of Wasting Disease And Warming, Dr. Lillian Aoki Apr 2022

Intertidal Eelgrass Decline Under Combined Effects Of Wasting Disease And Warming, Dr. Lillian Aoki

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Ocean warming threatens vital coastal ecosystems, including eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadows. At meadows along the Pacific coast of North America, outbreaks of seagrass wasting disease are correlated with warm water anomalies. The San Juan Islands in the Salish Sea are a hotspot for seagrass wasting disease; outbreaks have increased since 2013 and can infect 90% of plants in individual meadows. From 2019-2021, we assessed the interactive stressors of warming temperatures and disease outbreaks in intertidal meadows in the San Juan Islands, and we compared disease outbreaks along a latitudinal gradient, including meadows on the Central Coast of British Columbia and …

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Tracking Salish Sea Environmental Changes In Real-Time, Dr. John Mickett Apr 2022

Tracking Salish Sea Environmental Changes In Real-Time, Dr. John Mickett

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Using existing and freely available real-time environmental measurements in the Salish Sea and on the Washington shelf including mooring observations, atmospheric measurements, and river flow measurements, we developed five metrics to help understand and track primary factors contributing to changes in Salish Sea water properties, and, thus, potential ecological changes. These metrics, which include estuarine flow speed, river and rain effect on salinity, water-column oxygen availability, ocean boundary conditions, and heating or cooling of the water by the atmosphere, are intended to inform resource managers, scientists, health officials, and others on how key climate and ocean factors are influencing the …

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Neighbourhood-Scale Coastal Adaptation With Green Shores: Challenges And Opportunities, Jessica Wilson, Grant Lamont, Dg Blair, Luke Sales, Robyn Holme, David Robinson, Mike Waters Apr 2022

Neighbourhood-Scale Coastal Adaptation With Green Shores: Challenges And Opportunities, Jessica Wilson, Grant Lamont, Dg Blair, Luke Sales, Robyn Holme, David Robinson, Mike Waters

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Coastal processes function on a larger scale than most individual properties can appropriately accommodate. Property frontages typically range on the order of 10s of meters, whereas coastal processes (such as sediment transport) often span 100s of meters or more. These scales pose a challenge for implementing natural and nature-based approaches on many individual properties. Neighbourhood-scale designs have the potential to avoid the site limitations posed by individual properties as well as distribute costs and benefits across a broader community. However, there are few examples of neighbourhood-scale projects being implemented within the Salish Sea to date. Northwest Hydraulic Consultants (NHC) – …

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Boundary Spanning In Support Of Ecosystem-Based Management, Dr. Tessa Francis Apr 2022

Boundary Spanning In Support Of Ecosystem-Based Management, Dr. Tessa Francis

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Boundary spanning is a focused effort to facilitate the exchange of knowledge and information between disparate communities, such as knowledge producers (i.e., analysts, scientists, researchers, etc.) and knowledge users (i.e., decision-makers, policy makers, managers, etc.). Many boundary-spanning efforts are limited to single interfaces, or focused on producing single boundary objects. Here we describe the ongoing work of a boundary spanning organization that amounts to a system of activities conducted at interfaces between multiple communities engaged in ecosystem-based management of the Puget Sound, resulting in a suite of boundary objects. These examples illustrate a range of potential boundary spanning activities while …

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Incorporating Indigenous Methodologies For Assessing Conservation Risk, Reiley Terbasket, Jason Straka Apr 2022

Incorporating Indigenous Methodologies For Assessing Conservation Risk, Reiley Terbasket, Jason Straka

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Formally designating an area as an “ecosystem at risk” can have intentional and unintentional consequences for how that area is treated, including: • The area being formally listed under pieces of legislation • Affecting the ways in which Indigenous nations interact with species or ecosystems in an area • Feeding into decision-making processes like land use planning, environmental assessments, and mitigation • Informing conservation targets, funding, or opportunities for establishing various types of protected areas But what goes into considering an ecosystem at risk? NatureServe and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) have developed standard and respected methods …

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Profiling Marine Biotoxins In The Salish Sea, Dr. Andrew R.S. Ross, Blair Surridge, Harry Hartmann, Mackenzie Mueller, Nicole Frederickson, Svetlana Esenkulova, Isobel Isobel Apr 2022

Profiling Marine Biotoxins In The Salish Sea, Dr. Andrew R.S. Ross, Blair Surridge, Harry Hartmann, Mackenzie Mueller, Nicole Frederickson, Svetlana Esenkulova, Isobel Isobel

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The frequency and magnitude of marine harmful algal blooms (HABs) appear to be increasing worldwide, influenced by factors such as eutrophication and climate change. Biotoxins produced by harmful algae can have a negative impact on marine life including fish, mammals and seabirds. Variations in the timing, extent, duration, and impact of toxic HABs have been linked to changing environmental conditions, including extreme events such as the 2014-2016 North Pacific marine heatwave. Scientists at Fisheries and Ocean Canada (DFO) have been partnering with the Pacific Salmon Foundation (PSF) Citizen Science program to collect and analyze biotoxin samples, taxonomic and environmental data …

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Collaborative Restoration Of Boundary Bay For Traditional Shellfish Harvest: Shared Waters Alliance, Christy Juteau, Harley Chappell Apr 2022

Collaborative Restoration Of Boundary Bay For Traditional Shellfish Harvest: Shared Waters Alliance, Christy Juteau, Harley Chappell

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Shared Waters Alliance is an international working group focused on the water quality of the Canadian-US shared waters of Boundary Bay. Boundary Bay is a critical section of BC’s rare coastline habitat and is recognized locally, nationally and internationally. Shared Waters was formed in 1999 and is made up of representatives from government, First Nations and community groups from both countries. A primary driver for the formation of this working group was the shellfish harvesting closure on the Canadian side of the border due to bacteriological contamination. Indigenous peoples (including Semiahmoo First Nation) traditionally harvested the abundant fish and shellfish …

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Bioretention For Lakes: Washington's Search To Replace Compost In Our Stormwater Filters, Dr. Dylan Ahearn Apr 2022

Bioretention For Lakes: Washington's Search To Replace Compost In Our Stormwater Filters, Dr. Dylan Ahearn

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Bioretention is the most widely applicable and flexible stormwater treatment practice we have available today. The Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) specification for bioretention soil media (BSM) is a mixture of 60 percent sand and 40 percent compost (60/40). Washington is not alone by including compost in BSM; Massachusetts, Nebraska, Maryland, Colorado, the list goes on. While the 60/40 BSM can provide reliable water quality treatment for some contaminants, it has been shown to export high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. We will present the journey that the state of Washington has taken over the last 6 years to …

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Impacts Of Predation On Pacific Herring Egg Survival In The Southern Salish Sea, Heidi Stewart Apr 2022

Impacts Of Predation On Pacific Herring Egg Survival In The Southern Salish Sea, Heidi Stewart

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Pacific herring play a critical role in the food web of the Salish Sea. Because they are not charismatic megafauna there has been a lack of attention on the species, resulting in a limited understanding of their population dynamics and downward trends in their populations. The Cherry Point stock, centered 30 miles north of Bellingham Bay, has declined roughly 97% since the 1970s. This massive decline is a point of concern for environmental and fishery managers and has led to research into both the initial decline and its lack of recovery. One key hypothesis in need of research is whether …

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The Living Dike – Pilot Project Phasetechnical Development From Multiple Multi-Discipline Walkabouts., John Readshaw, Gary Williams Apr 2022

The Living Dike – Pilot Project Phasetechnical Development From Multiple Multi-Discipline Walkabouts., John Readshaw, Gary Williams

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Living Dike – Pilot Project Phase Technical Development from multiple Multi-Discipline Walkabouts. Abstract Salish Sea Conference The Living Dike – Pilot Project Phase Technical Development from multiple Multi-Discipline Walkabouts. John Readshaw, P. Eng. SNC – Lavalin Inc. Gary Williams, RP Bio. G.L. Williams and Associates The Living Dike project, described in an earlier Salish Sea Conference presentation, has now moved into a seven year funded pilot project phase. As part of this phase, a series of walkabouts was undertaken at two of the intended pilot project sites to better understand the ecological services being provided by the existing saltmarsh …

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Region-Wide Declines In Size At Age For Bc Chinook Salmon: Trends And Causes In Space And Time., Dr. Ravi Maharaj Apr 2022

Region-Wide Declines In Size At Age For Bc Chinook Salmon: Trends And Causes In Space And Time., Dr. Ravi Maharaj

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Declines in the size-at-age of Chinook salmon have been observed across the Pacific Northwest. Reasons for these declines are not well understood, though a number of potential causal factors have been highlighted. Here we present an analysis of size-at-age trends for BC Chinook escapements, testing the possible effects of some of these factors including hatchery influence, fishing, ocean conditions and predation among others. This project is part of a broader review of hatchery effectiveness being conducted by the Pacific Salmon Foundation.

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Oceanographic Conditions And Harmful Algae In The Strait Of Georgia, Canada – Outcomes Of Seven Years Of Monitoring With The Citizen Science Program., Svetlana Esenkolova Apr 2022

Oceanographic Conditions And Harmful Algae In The Strait Of Georgia, Canada – Outcomes Of Seven Years Of Monitoring With The Citizen Science Program., Svetlana Esenkolova

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Pacific Salmon Foundation’s Citizen Science Oceanography Program was started in 2015, with assistance from Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and Ocean Networks Canada (ONC). The purpose of this innovative program is to obtain high-resolution data on oceanographic conditions and lower trophic levels that can be used to assess conditions relevant to juvenile salmon survival in the Salish Sea. Sampling occurs at 50-80 sites, about 20 times a year from February to October, resulting in ~1500 oceanographic stations each year, which are archived at ONC and the Strait of Georgia Data Centre. Analysis of oceanographic conditions (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, …

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Urbanization Reduces Understory Kelp Abundance, Macroalgal Function, And Biogenic Complexity In The Salish Sea, Dr. Eliza Heery Apr 2022

Urbanization Reduces Understory Kelp Abundance, Macroalgal Function, And Biogenic Complexity In The Salish Sea, Dr. Eliza Heery

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Salish Sea, like coastal zones globally, is undergoing rapid urbanization, causing substantial changes to marine habitats and ecosystems. Urban gradient analysis is a common approach in terrestrial and freshwater systems for discerning ecological patterns relative to urban land-use. This study employed a similar approach to assess urban gradients in benthic macroalgal assemblages in Puget Sound. Using benthic photoquadrat data from 38 sites in Central, South, and Whidbey Basin, we characterized the relative importance of urban- and natural-environmental predictors on: (1) the presence/absence of understory kelp, (2) the composition of macroalgal functional groups, and (3) the structural complexity of macroalgal-formed …

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