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Articles 751 - 780 of 2377
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Evolving Landscape And Climate Of Western Flores: An Environmental Context For The Archaeological Site Of Liang Bua, Kira Westaway, Richard Roberts, T Sutikna, Michael Morwood, R Drysdale, J Zhao, Allan Chivas
The Evolving Landscape And Climate Of Western Flores: An Environmental Context For The Archaeological Site Of Liang Bua, Kira Westaway, Richard Roberts, T Sutikna, Michael Morwood, R Drysdale, J Zhao, Allan Chivas
Richard G Roberts
The rapidly changing landscape of the eastern Indonesian archipelago has evolved at a pace dictated by its tropical climate and its geological and tectonic history. This has produced accelerated karstification, flights of alluvial terraces, and complex, multi-level cave systems. These cave systems sometimes contain a wealth of archaeological evidence, such as the almost complete skeleton of Homo floresiensis found at the site of Liang Bua in western Flores, but this information can only be understood in the context of the geomorphic history of the cave, and the more general geological, tectonic, and environmental histories of the river valley and region. …
Advances In Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating Of Individual Grains Of Quartz From Archaeological Deposits, Richard Roberts, Zenobia Jacobs
Advances In Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dating Of Individual Grains Of Quartz From Archaeological Deposits, Richard Roberts, Zenobia Jacobs
Richard G Roberts
No abstract provided.
Afromontane Foragers Of The Late Pleistocene: Site Formation, Chronology And Occupational Pulsing At Melikane Rockshelter, Lesotho, Brian Stewart, Genevieve Dewar, Mike Morley, Robyn Inglis, Mark Wheeler, Zenobia Jacobs, Richard Roberts
Afromontane Foragers Of The Late Pleistocene: Site Formation, Chronology And Occupational Pulsing At Melikane Rockshelter, Lesotho, Brian Stewart, Genevieve Dewar, Mike Morley, Robyn Inglis, Mark Wheeler, Zenobia Jacobs, Richard Roberts
Richard G Roberts
This paper provides a preliminary chronostratigraphic and palaeoenvironmental framework for the Late Pleistocene archaeological sequence at Melikane Rockshelter in mountainous eastern Lesotho. Renewed excavations at Melikane form part of a larger project investigating marginal landscape use by Late Pleistocene foragers in southern Africa. Geoarchaeological work undertaken at the site supports in-field observations that Melikane experienced regular, often intensive, input of groundwater via fissures in the shelter’s rear wall. This strong hydrogeological connection resulted in episodic disturbances of the sedimentary sequence, exacerbated by other processes such as bioturbation. Despite this taphonomic complexity, a robust chronology for Melikane has been developed, based …
Luminescence Characteristics And Dose Distributions For Quartz And Feldspar Grains From Mumba Rockshelter, Tanzania, Luke Gliganic, Zenobia Jacobs, Richard Roberts
Luminescence Characteristics And Dose Distributions For Quartz And Feldspar Grains From Mumba Rockshelter, Tanzania, Luke Gliganic, Zenobia Jacobs, Richard Roberts
Richard G Roberts
Mumba rockshelter is a key archaeological site for the Middle and Later Stone Age occupation of East Africa, but its chronology has remained unresolved. We report the results of a dating study, focussing on the characterisation of the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) properties of quartz- and potassium-rich feldspar grains. Quartz has previously proven troublesome for dating in East Africa. We identified five general types of quartz grain behaviour, based on the shapes of their OSL decay and dose–response curves. Dose recovery experiments and measurement of the natural samples revealed particular problems with quartz grains that …
Beneath The Peat: A Refined Pollen Record From An Interstadial At Caledonia Fen, Highland Eastern Victoria, Australia, P. Kershaw, M. Mckenzie, J. Brown, Richard Roberts, S. Van Der Kaars
Beneath The Peat: A Refined Pollen Record From An Interstadial At Caledonia Fen, Highland Eastern Victoria, Australia, P. Kershaw, M. Mckenzie, J. Brown, Richard Roberts, S. Van Der Kaars
Richard G Roberts
No abstract provided.
Single-Grain Osl Dating At La Grotte Des Contrebandiers ('Smugglers' Cave'), Morocco: Improved Age Constraints For The Middle Paleolithic Levels, Richard Roberts, Zenobia Jacobs, Michael Meyer, V Aldeias, M El Hajraoui, H Dibbie
Single-Grain Osl Dating At La Grotte Des Contrebandiers ('Smugglers' Cave'), Morocco: Improved Age Constraints For The Middle Paleolithic Levels, Richard Roberts, Zenobia Jacobs, Michael Meyer, V Aldeias, M El Hajraoui, H Dibbie
Richard G Roberts
Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) measurements of individual quartz grains are reported for Middle Paleolithic (MP) or Middle Stone Age (MSA) deposits in La Grotte des Contrebandiers, Morocco. Single-grain measurements enable rejection of grains that may lead to under- or over-estimation of age due to malign luminescence properties or remobilisation of grains after burial. We identified the former using a range of experimental procedures and objective rejection criteria. Three post-depositional factors influenced the distribution pattern of equivalent dose (De) values for the remaining single grains: the disintegration of roof spall liberating unbleached, older grains into otherwise well-bleached sediments; the intrusion of …
Extraction And Characterization Of Lipids From Antarctic Krill (< I> Euphausia Superba), Joseph Gigliotti, Matthew Davenport, Sarah Beamer, Janet Tou, J Jaczynski
Extraction And Characterization Of Lipids From Antarctic Krill (< I> Euphausia Superba), Joseph Gigliotti, Matthew Davenport, Sarah Beamer, Janet Tou, J Jaczynski
Matthew P Davenport
There is significant commercial interest in oil extraction from krill because it is rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6n3) acids. The objectives were to determine oil extraction efficiency using different solvent systems and the composition of extracted oil and spent krill following extraction. Extraction efficiency was the highest (P < 0.05) for one-step extraction using freeze-dried krill with 1:12 or 1:30 krill:solvent ratio (w:v) compared to Folch, Soxhlet, and conventional two-step extraction. Extracted oils contained predominantly phospholipids (20–33%), polar non-phospholipids (64–77%), and minor triglycerides (1–3%). Triglycerides contained much less (P …
Determining Microstructural Features Of A Composite From Effective Properties, Anthony Day, Andrew Mcelroy, Greg Sowa
Determining Microstructural Features Of A Composite From Effective Properties, Anthony Day, Andrew Mcelroy, Greg Sowa
Anthony Roy Day
No abstract provided.
A Dynamic Platform For Business Process Management (Bpm) Using Service-Oriented Enterprise (Soe), Nantika Prinyapol, Joshua Fan, Sim Lau
A Dynamic Platform For Business Process Management (Bpm) Using Service-Oriented Enterprise (Soe), Nantika Prinyapol, Joshua Fan, Sim Lau
Joshua P Fan
No abstract provided.
A Dynamic Nursing Workflow Management System: A Thailand Hospital Scenario, Nantika Prinyapol, Joshua Fan, Sim Lau
A Dynamic Nursing Workflow Management System: A Thailand Hospital Scenario, Nantika Prinyapol, Joshua Fan, Sim Lau
Joshua P Fan
No abstract provided.
An Integration-Oriented Ontology Development Methodology To Reuse Existing Ontologies In An Ontology Development Process, Nelson Leung, Sim Lau, Joshua Fan, Nicole Tsang
An Integration-Oriented Ontology Development Methodology To Reuse Existing Ontologies In An Ontology Development Process, Nelson Leung, Sim Lau, Joshua Fan, Nicole Tsang
Joshua P Fan
Ontology is defined as an explicit specification of a conceptualization and can be used to provide a shared understanding of a domain which is necessary to overcome differences in terminology from various sources. To build high quality ontologies, developers are required to choose and follow a suitable methodology containing a series of steps, activities and guidelines organized in a systematic way. In this paper, we develop guidelines on how to select ontology merging or integration which has not been explored in any ontology research. As it is more cost effective to build an ontology reusing existing ontologies (integration and merging) …
An Ontology-Based Collaborative Interorganizational Knowledge Management Network, Nelson Leung, Sim Lau, Joshua Fan, Seung Kang, Nicole Tsang
An Ontology-Based Collaborative Interorganizational Knowledge Management Network, Nelson Leung, Sim Lau, Joshua Fan, Seung Kang, Nicole Tsang
Joshua P Fan
Web contents can be represented in a structural form by a finite list of vocabularies and their relationships using ontologies. The concept of ontology and its related mediation methods is capable of enhancing the collaboration among Knowledge Management (KM) approaches that only focus on managing organizational knowledge. Those KM approaches are developed in accordance with organizational KM strategies and business requirements without the concern of system interoperation. In this research, an ontology-based collaborative inter-organizational KM network is proposed to provide a platform for organizations to access and retrieve inter-organizational knowledge in a similar domain.
An Ontology-Based Knowledge Network To Reuse Inter-Organizational Knowledge, Nelson Leung, Sim Lau, Joshua Fan
An Ontology-Based Knowledge Network To Reuse Inter-Organizational Knowledge, Nelson Leung, Sim Lau, Joshua Fan
Joshua P Fan
Researchers have developed various types of Knowledge Management approaches that only focus on managing organizational knowledge. However, these designs are inadequate because employees are often needed to access knowledge from other knowledge sources in order to complete their works. Therefore, a new interorganizational Knowledge Management practice is required to enhance the sharing of knowledge across organizational boundaries in their business networks. In this paper, we investigate the application of ontology mediation that provides mechanisms of reconciling inter-organizational knowledge. An ontology-based Interorganizational knowledge Network that incorporates ontology mediation is developed so that heterogeneity of knowledge semantic in the ontologies could be …
Ontology Matching Techniques: A 3-Tier Classification Framework, Nelson Leung, Seung Kang, S Lau, Joshua Fan
Ontology Matching Techniques: A 3-Tier Classification Framework, Nelson Leung, Seung Kang, S Lau, Joshua Fan
Joshua P Fan
No abstract provided.
Flexible Free-Standing Graphene-Silicon Composite Film For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Jiazhao Wang, Chao Zhong, Shulei Chou, Hua Liu
Flexible Free-Standing Graphene-Silicon Composite Film For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Jiazhao Wang, Chao Zhong, Shulei Chou, Hua Liu
Shulei Chou
Flexible, free-standing, paper-like, graphene-silicon composite materials have been synthesized by a simple, one-step, in-situ filtration method. The Si nanoparticles are highly encapsulated in a graphene nanosheet matrix. The electrochemical results show that graphene-Si composite film has much higher discharge capacity beyond 100 cycles (708 mAh g− 1) than that of the cell with pure graphene (304 mAh g− 1). The graphene functions as a flexible mechanical support for strain release, offering an efficient electrically conducting channel, while the nanosized silicon provides the high capacity.
Nanocrystalline Nio Hollow Spheres In Conjunction With Cmc For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Chao Zhong, Jiazhao Wang, Shulei Chou, Konstantin Konstantinov, Mokhlesur Rahman, Hua Liu
Nanocrystalline Nio Hollow Spheres In Conjunction With Cmc For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Chao Zhong, Jiazhao Wang, Shulei Chou, Konstantin Konstantinov, Mokhlesur Rahman, Hua Liu
Shulei Chou
Hollow spherical NiO particles were prepared using the spray pyrolysis method with different concentrations of precursor. The electrochemical properties of the NiO electrodes, which contained a new type of binder, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), were examined for comparison with NiO electrodes with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder. The electrochemical performance of NiO electrodes using CMC binder was significantly improved. For the cell made from 0.3 mol L−1 precursor, the irreversible capacity loss between the first discharge and charge is about 43 and 24% for the electrode with PVDF and CMC binder, respectively. The cell with NiO–CMC electrode has a much higher discharge …
Compressed Sensing-Based Frequency Selection For Classification Of Ground Penetrating Radar Signals, Wenbin Shao, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
Compressed Sensing-Based Frequency Selection For Classification Of Ground Penetrating Radar Signals, Wenbin Shao, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
Professor Salim Bouzerdoum
In this paper we present an automatic classification system for ground penetrating radar (GPR) signals. The system extracts the magnitude spectra at resonant frequencies and classifies them using support vector machines. To locate the resonant frequencies, we propose an approach based on compressed sensing and orthogonal matching pursuit. The performance of the system is evaluated by classifying GPR traces from different ballast fouling conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed approach, compared to the approach of using frequencies at local maxima, represents the GPR signal more efficiently using a small number of coefficients, and obtains higher classification accuracy. 2012 …
Adaptive Autoregressive Logarithmic Search For 3d Human Tracking, Peiyao Li, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
Adaptive Autoregressive Logarithmic Search For 3d Human Tracking, Peiyao Li, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
Professor Salim Bouzerdoum
Human tracking is an important vision task in video surveillance and perceptual human-computer interfaces. This paper presents a novel algorithm for region-based human tracking using color and depth features. We propose an adaptive autoregressive logarithmic search (ARLS) to estimate the target position, and use depth information to further reduce the false alarm rate. The new ARLS algorithm is evaluated on a color and depth (RGBD) video dataset acquired with the Kinect sensor. The dataset contains various real-world scenarios with illumination and speed variations, and partial occlusion. The experimental results show that the ARLS algorithm is able to handle difficult tracking …
A Generalized Algorithm For The Generation Of Correlated Rayleigh Fading Envelopes In Wireless Channels, Le Chung Tran, Tadeusz Wysocki, Alfred Mertins, Jennifer Seberry
A Generalized Algorithm For The Generation Of Correlated Rayleigh Fading Envelopes In Wireless Channels, Le Chung Tran, Tadeusz Wysocki, Alfred Mertins, Jennifer Seberry
Dr Le Chung Tran
Although generation of correlated Rayleigh fading envelopes has been intensively considered in the literature, all conventional methods have their own shortcomings, which seriously impede their applicability. In this paper, a very general, straightforward algorithm for the generation of an arbitrary number of Rayleigh envelopes with any desired, equal or unequal power, in wireless channels either with or without Doppler frequency shifts, is proposed. The proposed algorithm can be applied to the case of spatial correlation, such as with multiple antennas in Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems, or spectral correlation between the random processes like in Orthogonal Frequency Division …
Fitness Evaluation For Structural Optimisation Genetic Algorithms Using Neural Networks, Koren Ward, Timothy Mccarthy
Fitness Evaluation For Structural Optimisation Genetic Algorithms Using Neural Networks, Koren Ward, Timothy Mccarthy
Dr Koren Ward
This paper relates to the optimisation of structural design using Genetic Algorithms (GAs) and presents an improved method for determining the fitness of genetic codes that represent possible design solutions by using a neural network to generalize fitness. Two problems that often impede design optimization using genetic algorithms are expensive fitness evaluation and high epistasis. In this paper we show that by using a neural network as a fitness approximator, optimal solutions to certain design problems can be achieved in significantly less generations and with considerably less fitness evaluations.
Usability Of Online Grocery Systems: A Focus On Errors, Mark Freeman, Alison Norris, P. Hyland
Usability Of Online Grocery Systems: A Focus On Errors, Mark Freeman, Alison Norris, P. Hyland
Associate Professor Peter Hyland
Recording of errors in regards to the usability of systems has traditionally focused on safety-critical systems and business support systems. This study applies Zapf et al.'s 'Taxonomy of Errors' to a non-work related context, an Online Grocery System. The taxonomy was found to show that similar types of errors were made by all users of such systems. However, the number of errors that were recorded by different user groups varied. This finding was in contrast to previous studies, and supported the common perception that beginner users make a greater number of errors than more experienced users.
Revisiting The Question Of Social Capital In Public Policy: Exploring New Directions For Community Informatics Research, William Tibben
Revisiting The Question Of Social Capital In Public Policy: Exploring New Directions For Community Informatics Research, William Tibben
Dr William Tibben
The paper sets out to analyse the concept of social capital and its utility for Community Informatics (CI) research and practice in public policy. The paper begins by noting that the concept seems to have lost some “currency” in contemporary public policy debates. The rise and fall and social capital as a public policy concept is traced through published government reports in Australia. It then moves onto critical economic discourse to indicate a number of barriers to its adoption within public policy within Australia at the time. The paper then considers whether such criticisms are addressed from a CI perspective …
Separation Of Speech Sources Using An Acoustic Vector Sensor, Ian Burnett, Christian Ritz, Muawiyath Shujau
Separation Of Speech Sources Using An Acoustic Vector Sensor, Ian Burnett, Christian Ritz, Muawiyath Shujau
Dr Muawiyath Shujau
This paper investigates how the directional characteristics of an Acoustic Vector Sensor (AVS) can be used to separate speech sources. The technique described in this work takes advantage of the frequency domain direction of arrival estimates to identify the location, relative to the AVS array, of each individual speaker in a group of speakers and separate them accordingly into individual speech signals. Results presented in this work show that the technique can be used for real-time separation of speech sources using a single 20ms frame of speech, furthermore the results presented show that there is an average improvement in the …
Image Similarity Index Based On Moment Invariants Of Approximation Level Of Discrete Wavelet Transform, Prashan Premaratne, Malin Premaratne
Image Similarity Index Based On Moment Invariants Of Approximation Level Of Discrete Wavelet Transform, Prashan Premaratne, Malin Premaratne
Dr Prashan Premaratne
Subjective quality measures based on the human visual system for images do not agree well with well-known metrics such as mean squared error and peak signal-to-noise ratio. Recently, the structural similarity measure (SSIM) has received acclaim owing to its ability to produce results on a par with the human visual system. However, experimental results indicate that noise and blur seriously degrade the performance of the SSIM metric. Furthermore, despite the SSIM's popularity, it does not provide adequate insight into how it handles the 'structural similarity' of images. Proposed is a new structural similarity measure based on the approximation level of …
Low Frequency Component-Based Watermarking Scheme Using 2d Datamatrix, Prashan Premaratne, Liyanage Desilva, I. Burnett
Low Frequency Component-Based Watermarking Scheme Using 2d Datamatrix, Prashan Premaratne, Liyanage Desilva, I. Burnett
Dr Prashan Premaratne
A robust watermark should be able to withstand most image manipulations such as cropping, additive noise and JPEG type compressions. It should also be able to hold telltale signs of attacks that are unknown to the user. Both of these aims can be fulfilled by embedding two watermarks, one fragile and one robust in different domains where watermarks are not vulnerable to the aforementioned manipulations. It is a well known fact that watermarking of DC components of discrete cosine transform (DCT) stand against JPEG compression. We build on this concept by inserting a watermark in the transform domain to further …
Physical Modelling Of Soft Ground Problems, F Lee, M Almeida, Buddhima Indraratna
Physical Modelling Of Soft Ground Problems, F Lee, M Almeida, Buddhima Indraratna
Shamika Almeida
No abstract provided.
Wie Featured Person Of The Month Highlights (Katina Michael), Keyana Tenant, Katina Michael
Wie Featured Person Of The Month Highlights (Katina Michael), Keyana Tenant, Katina Michael
Professor Katina Michael
The WIE Featured Person of the Month is Katina Michael, editor-in-chief of IEEE Technology and Society Magazine. After working at OTIS Elevator Company and Andersen Consulting, Katina was offered and exciting graduate engineering position at Nortel in 1996; and her career has been fast track from there. Read Katina’s story on Page 7.
Goodbye Pram City: Beyond Inner/Outer Zone Binaries In Creative City Research, Christopher Gibson, Christopher Brennan-Horley
Goodbye Pram City: Beyond Inner/Outer Zone Binaries In Creative City Research, Christopher Gibson, Christopher Brennan-Horley
Christopher R Brennan-Horley
No abstract provided.
Life In A Northern (Australian) Town: Darwin's Mercurial Music Scene, Christopher Gibson, Christopher Brennan-Horley, Julie Willoughby-Smith, Susan Luckman
Life In A Northern (Australian) Town: Darwin's Mercurial Music Scene, Christopher Gibson, Christopher Brennan-Horley, Julie Willoughby-Smith, Susan Luckman
Christopher R Brennan-Horley
No abstract provided.
Mental Mapping The 'Creative City', Christopher Brennan-Horley
Mental Mapping The 'Creative City', Christopher Brennan-Horley
Christopher R Brennan-Horley
Cultural researchers are increasingly turning to Geographical Information Systems (GIS) technologies for visualising spatially-oriented qualitative data. This paper discusses one example, where mental maps have been employed in interviews with creative industry workers and the results accumulated in a GIS for visualisation and analysis. This technique extends on participatory and qualitative methods that counteract overtly economic and empiricist techniques regularly employed in creative industry mapping studies. Collating together creative workers' mental maps within a GIS provides a means for exposing 'high traffic' areas - hot spots of creative activity - and other hidden geographies that comprise the 'creative city'. Key …