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Articles 1621 - 1650 of 2496

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Routing And Channel Assignment Schemes For Interference Avoidance In Wireless Mesh Networks, Fawaz Saleem Bokhari Jan 2012

Routing And Channel Assignment Schemes For Interference Avoidance In Wireless Mesh Networks, Fawaz Saleem Bokhari

Computer Science and Engineering Dissertations

This dissertation presents efficient routing and channel assignment schemes for interference avoidance in wireless mesh networks (WMNs). The most significant contributions of this dissertation are the development and design of two routing algorithms that help in improving network throughput by selecting less interference paths both for single and multiple radio WMNs and the design of an intelligent channel assignment scheme which increases the overall network capacity by assigning partially overlapped channels having less interference among neighboring ones for multi radio multi channel wireless mesh networks (MRMC-WMNs). For single radio single channel WMNs, we propose AMIRA (Ant Mesh routing for InteRference …

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High Order Les For Supersonic Ramp Flow Control With Mvg, Yonghua Yan Jan 2012

High Order Les For Supersonic Ramp Flow Control With Mvg, Yonghua Yan

Mathematics Dissertations

An implicitly implemented large eddy simulation by using the fifth order bandwidth-optimized WENO scheme is applied to make comprehensive studies on ramp flows with and without control at Mach 2.5 and Re=5760. Flow control in the form of microramp vortex generators (MVG) is applied. The results show that MVG can distinctly reduce the separation zone at the ramp corner and lower the boundary layer shape factor under the condition of the computation. A series of new findings are obtained about the MVG-ramp flow including the three-dimensional vortex structure generated by MVG. The mechanism about the formation vortex ring structure and …

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Effects Of Vector Migration On Sylvatic Trypanosoma Cruzi Transmission, Britnee A. Crawford Jan 2012

Effects Of Vector Migration On Sylvatic Trypanosoma Cruzi Transmission, Britnee A. Crawford

Mathematics Dissertations

Vector-borne diseases have had a major impact on global health concerns since their discovery in the 1800's. A vector-borne disease is one transmitted to human or animal host via an invertebrate vector (usually an insect). Chagas' disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is transmitted via insect vectors from the Triatoma family. Although human infection with Chagas' is of importance, the disease is maintained in sylvatic (in the wild) transmission cycles. This study examines the effects of vector migration on the spread of T. cruzi in certain sylvatic cycles in the southeastern U.S. and Mexico from several angles. First, a …

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Nonlinear Dynamics And Stochasticity Of Core Genetic Regulation, Hongguang Xi Jan 2012

Nonlinear Dynamics And Stochasticity Of Core Genetic Regulation, Hongguang Xi

Mathematics Theses

Bacillus subtilis is one of the very well-studied organisms in biology. Recent results show that an alternative competence regulation circuit for this bacterium, differing only in the order of the composite negative feedback loop onto the master competence regulator gene comK, despite presenting equivalent functionality, exhibits physiologically important differences.It is not clear why Nature only selects a specific gene regulation circuit other than a plethora of equivalent others. Here, we hope, from the point of view of reverse engineering, to discover the fundamental reasons for natural selection of a particular circuit structure over another. Based on the wild-type Bacillus subtilis …

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Ruthenium(Ii) Polypyridyl Complexes As Potential Anticancer Drugs: Synthesis, Characterization, Cell Permeability And Investigation Of Their Hypoxia-Selectivity, Yanling Chen Jan 2012

Ruthenium(Ii) Polypyridyl Complexes As Potential Anticancer Drugs: Synthesis, Characterization, Cell Permeability And Investigation Of Their Hypoxia-Selectivity, Yanling Chen

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses

Research on biological activity of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes (RPCs) continues to attract interest as these complexes have shown promising anti-cancer activity both in vitro and in vivo. The mononuclear RPC, [(phen)₂Ru(tatpp)]²⁺ (MP) and the related dinuclear complex [(phen)₂Ru(tatpp)Ru(phen)₂]⁴⁺ (P) have been shown to both intercalate with DNA and show potentiated DNA cleavage under anaerobic and reducing conditions¹ ² as well as show good selectivity and cytotoxicity towards malignant cell lines in vitro and tumors in vivo. Both complexes contain the redox-active tatpp ligand which is thought to be the essential component for the observed biological activity. This thesis is focused …

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Applications Of Circular Dichroism (Cd) Spectroscopy As An Educational Tool For Undergraduate Students And Monitoring Protein Conformational Changes Induced By Ligand Binding, Catherine Ann Van Der Kar Jan 2012

Applications Of Circular Dichroism (Cd) Spectroscopy As An Educational Tool For Undergraduate Students And Monitoring Protein Conformational Changes Induced By Ligand Binding, Catherine Ann Van Der Kar

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses

The work reported here provides an overview on the applications of circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy for the study of protein secondary structure. This project has two specific goals. First, to develop and validate an undergraduate experiment for CHEM 3175 (biophysical chemistry laboratory) to demonstrate the use of CD spectroscopy for the determination of protein secondary structure. In an extension of this work, the same principles of analysis were applied to the study and characterization of the protein-ligand interaction of MiaE (a non-heme iron hydroxylase) and its substrate, tRNA.

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Photo-Driven One And Two-Electron Processes Of Tetraazatetrapyridopentacene And Substituted Dipyridophenazine Ligands In The Presence Or Absence Of Zinc And Ruthenium Complexation, Joseph M. Aslan Jan 2012

Photo-Driven One And Two-Electron Processes Of Tetraazatetrapyridopentacene And Substituted Dipyridophenazine Ligands In The Presence Or Absence Of Zinc And Ruthenium Complexation, Joseph M. Aslan

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Herein, we report the interaction of light with Zn(II) and Ru(II) adducts of the polypyridal ligands tetraazatetrapyridopentacene (tatpp) and dipyridophenazine (dppz). For examples where Zn(II) is coordinated to tatpp and dppz, we have established a kinetic isotope effect for photo-oxidation of alcohols using both metal-free and metal-bound complexes of tatpp and dppz. The data supports H-atom transfer mechanism in the absence of Zn(II), and a formal "hydride" transfer in the presence of Zn(II).We also report herein the synthesis and characterization of various [Ru(phen)2(dppzX2)]2+ complexes using analytical techniques such as NMR, ESI-MS, CHN, and UV/Vis. We have chemically and electrochemically generated …

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Integrated Chemostratigraphy And Paleoceanography Of The Mississippian Barnett Formation, Krystin Chantel Robinson Jan 2012

Integrated Chemostratigraphy And Paleoceanography Of The Mississippian Barnett Formation, Krystin Chantel Robinson

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

The Barnett Formation was deposited on a gently sloping marine margin that ultimately became the Fort Worth Basin (FWB), a foreland basin that evolved during the late Paleozoic Era. The FWB formed as a result of the early Ouachita Orogeny, due to the collision of Laurasia and Gondwana. The Mississippian Barnett Formation is an organic-rich lithologic unit composed primarily of laminated siliceous mudrock with some calcareous mudrock intervals. The objective of the project is to develop and interpret stratigraphic changes in the geochemistry of the Barnett Formation for the purposes of understanding the paleoceanography of the northernmost Fort Worth Basin, …

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Heavy Metal Contamination Of Road Dust In Lanzhou, China, Michael Hiett Jan 2012

Heavy Metal Contamination Of Road Dust In Lanzhou, China, Michael Hiett

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Road dusts were collected from the streets of the city of Lanzhou, the capital and largest city of Gansu Province in Northwest China. The potential health hazard posed by contaminated road dusts may be considerable for certain sensitive populations. Specifically young children who, while exploring their environment by mouthing and touching, may inadvertently ingest polluted soils and dusts through hand-to-mouth-activity, and through mouthing contaminated objects. Lanzhou, once ranked as one of the 10 most polluted cities in the world, clearly has, in all likelihood many locales with elevated levels of pollutants in various environmental media (e.g., air, water, soil and …

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Proximity Of Cancer Cases To Airports Within The State Of Texas, Sala Nanyanzi Senkayi Jan 2012

Proximity Of Cancer Cases To Airports Within The State Of Texas, Sala Nanyanzi Senkayi

Earth & Environmental Sciences Dissertations

Determining whether the incidence of cancer may be associated with pollutants emitted from airports is important in order to better plan cities to reduce such incidences. This research aims to answer the following questions: 1) Is there a trend between the incidence of various kinds of cancer and proximity to air emission sources, including airports, in Texas? and 2) Specifically, is there a relationship between childhood leukemia and airport benzene emissions? Texas has two airports ranked among the top 10 U.S. airports in terms of enplanements for Jan.-March 2010: Houston ranked 7th, while Dallas was 3rd . State-wide cancer incidence …

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Spin Coupling By Conduction Electrons Explored By Double Time Green's Functions, William Robert Decker Jan 2012

Spin Coupling By Conduction Electrons Explored By Double Time Green's Functions, William Robert Decker

Physics Theses

The impurities containing unfilled d or f shells may have localized magnetic moments in nonmagnetic metals, semiconductors, and superconductors under certain conditions. These localized moments interact with each other through the spin polarization field of conduction electrons. The indirect coupling between magnetic impurities is referred to as the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction which is important in describing the magnetic and thermodynamic properties of magnetic nanostructures. The interaction may be expressed as a long range oscillatory function. I explored the properties of the indirect exchange interaction between localized moments in different dimensions using the s-d model and the Green's functions method. An …

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Applications Of A Laser Microbeam In The Study Of Degeneration, Regeneration, And Guidance Of Primary Cns Axons, Bryan James Black Jan 2012

Applications Of A Laser Microbeam In The Study Of Degeneration, Regeneration, And Guidance Of Primary Cns Axons, Bryan James Black

Physics Theses

This thesis explores the applications of a near infrared (NIR) laser microbeam as a tool for manipulating primary axons by initiating femtosecond pulsed-laser plasma-mediated ablation (laser axotomy) and optical guidance. Chapter 1 briefly introduces axon morphology, growth, and the principles of axon guidance, as well as an introduction to the unique capabilities/potential provided by laser microbeams in biological research (laser-tissue interactions). Non-linear, multiphoton absorption processes are discussed in context of biological tissue ablation. In addition, we discuss specific challenges facing mammalian central nervous system (CNS) axons subsequent to injury, and comment on strategies which can be employed to mitigate, remove, …

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Two-Photon Optogenetic Stimulation Of Cells, Kamal Raj Dhakal Jan 2012

Two-Photon Optogenetic Stimulation Of Cells, Kamal Raj Dhakal

Physics Theses

The controlled stimulation of cells, especially neurons, is of significant interest both for basic understanding of neuronal circuitry as well as clinical interventions. Existing electrode-based methods of stimulation are invasive and non-specific to highly localized regions or specific cell types. Recently, optical stimulation of targeted neurons expressing light-sensitive proteins (opsins) using visible light has emerged as a powerful technique in neuroscience. However, the use of these optogenetic tools as a minimally invasive technique for in-vivo applications is limited to the study/intervention of superficial regions of the brain since, due to absorption and scattering, a significant amount of the visible light …

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Gis Data: Westmoreland County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Carl Hershner, Sharon A. Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss Jan 2012

Gis Data: Westmoreland County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Carl Hershner, Sharon A. Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss

Data

The 2012 Tidal Marsh Inventory update for Westmoreland County, Virginia was generated using on-screen digitizing techniques in the most recent version of ArcGIS® - ArcMap while viewing conditions observed in the most recent imagery from the Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP). Dominant plant community types were primarily determined during field surveys from shallow-draft boats moving along the shoreline. Land-based surveys were performed in some locations. One shapefile is developed that portrays tidal marsh areas represented as polygons. A metadata file accompanies the shapefile to define attribute accuracy, data development, and any use restrictions that pertain to the data

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Gis Data: City Of Hampton, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky Jan 2012

Gis Data: City Of Hampton, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky

Data

The 2012 Tidal Marsh Inventory update for City of Hampton, Virginia was generated using on-screen digitizing techniques in the most recent version of ArcGIS® - ArcMap while viewing conditions observed in the most recent imagery from the Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP). Dominant plant community types were primarily determined during field surveys from shallow-draft boats moving along the shoreline. Land-based surveys were performed in some locations. One shapefile is developed that portrays tidal marsh areas represented as polygons. A metadata file accompanies the shapefile to define attribute accuracy, data development, and any use restrictions that pertain to the data.

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Biomarkers: Review And Application To The Eagle Ford Shale Formation, Ugochukwu Ononogbu Jan 2012

Biomarkers: Review And Application To The Eagle Ford Shale Formation, Ugochukwu Ononogbu

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Biomarkers have become an integral part of oil exploration. Gas Chromatography (-Mass Spectrometry) was performed to an oil sample to acquire biomarkers from the sample.The presence, lack of, or abundance of a given compound (or biomarker) in the geochemicalresults of an oil sample depict(s) a property or properties of the source rock and the oil. Forexample, the abundance of pristane and lack of phytane in an oil sample are characteristic ofshale source rock, and the results from the Eagle Ford shale formation show a high pristane tophytane ratio.The Eagle Ford shale formation is cretaceous in age; the presence and absence …

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A Late Holocene Meander-Braid Transition Of The Lower Missouri River Valley, Michele Viola Kashouh Jan 2012

A Late Holocene Meander-Braid Transition Of The Lower Missouri River Valley, Michele Viola Kashouh

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Historically, the Lower Missouri River is known for being a temperate river that constantly and quickly reworks its floodplain with a braided network of channels; however, the river only recently became braided. Ox-bow lakes and landscape features resembling highly sinuous meandering loops mark the floodplain of the lower Missouri River Valley as scars of what was once a fully meandering Missouri River. The unanswered question then is, when did the lower Missouri River system change from meandering to braided? To answer this question we compared a series of newly created allostratigraphic maps of the lower Missouri River valley floor to …

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Predicting The Ancient Occurrence Of Coal Deposits Using Paleoclimate Modelling, Mandi Beck Jan 2012

Predicting The Ancient Occurrence Of Coal Deposits Using Paleoclimate Modelling, Mandi Beck

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Coals are accumulated and consolidated remains of plant material, which means that in order to form coals, a certain amount of annual precipitation is required. This study uses paleo-precipitation data obtained from Fast Ocean Atmosphere Model (FOAM) and predicts where paleo-coal deposits might occur. All predicted coal localities were plotted on paleogeographic reconstructions (obtained from the PALEOMAP Project) for thirteen time intervals from the Early Carboniferous to present. Once these predicted coal deposits were plotted, observed coals from the Boucot et al., 2012 database were then plotted on the same reconstructed basemaps. The predicted coal deposits were then compared with …

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Microfaunal Assemblages Of The Placid Shale (Missourian, Upper Pennsylvanian), Brazos River Valley, North-Central Texas, Brittany E. Meagher Jan 2012

Microfaunal Assemblages Of The Placid Shale (Missourian, Upper Pennsylvanian), Brazos River Valley, North-Central Texas, Brittany E. Meagher

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

The Pennsylvanian and lowermost part of the Permian strata in North-Central Texas is assigned to the Strawn, Canyon, and Cisco Groups. The Canyon Group is approximately equivalent to the middle-upper part of the Missourian (Upper Pennsylvanian) and crops out in the Brazos River valley in a generally northeast-southwest strip across Palo Pinto and Jack counties. The Canyon Group is subdivided into seven formations that contain several cycles of well-known clastic and carbonate units. The Placid Shale, one of the clastic units within the Canyon Group, consists of two cycles of gray, brown, olive sandstone/siltstone/mudstone with few thin limestone beds. It …

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High Resolution Geochemistry Of The Cretaceous Eagle Ford Shale, Bee County, Texas, Lisa Michelle Moran Jan 2012

High Resolution Geochemistry Of The Cretaceous Eagle Ford Shale, Bee County, Texas, Lisa Michelle Moran

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

The Eagle Ford Formation of Bee County, Texas is a sporadically laminated carbonaceous dark mudrock. The depositional area of the Eagle Ford Formation stretches across the state of Texas in a northeast-southwest trend. Early studies of the Eagle Ford found the deposits to be rich in organic material but could not fully describe the formation due to the lack of outcrop exposure. Recent studies of the Eagle Ford Formation have begun to explore the sub-surface nature of the formation. Geochemical analyses of the J.A. Leppard #1 core from the southwestern portion of the formation was conducted to further constrain the …

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Growth Rates Of The Harmful Alga Prymnesium Parvum: An Attempt To Identify The Salinity Threshold For Algal Blooms, James William Cody Black Jan 2012

Growth Rates Of The Harmful Alga Prymnesium Parvum: An Attempt To Identify The Salinity Threshold For Algal Blooms, James William Cody Black

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

Harmful algal blooms due to Prymnesium parvum have occurred in Texas for nearly three decades in waters of moderate salinity. More recently, blooms have occurred in locations such as West Virginia, in waters of very low salinity where pollution discharges are suspected to have increased salinity to levels that support growth of P. parvum. These observations raise the question, what is the lowest salinity at which this species of algae can cause toxic fish kills? Previous research based on field observations has suggested a salinity threshold of about 1.5 PSU for occurrence of blooms in Texas reservoirs in winter. Other …

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Chemostratigraphy, Paleoceanography, And Sequence Stratigraphy Of The Pennsylvanian-Permian Section In The Midland Basin Of West Texas With Focus On The Wolfcamp Formation, Milton Cortez Jan 2012

Chemostratigraphy, Paleoceanography, And Sequence Stratigraphy Of The Pennsylvanian-Permian Section In The Midland Basin Of West Texas With Focus On The Wolfcamp Formation, Milton Cortez

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

The late Pennsylvanian to early Permian rocks (Wolfcampian and Leonardian) of the Midland Basin represent a single lithologic unit composed primarily of calcareous mudrocks, siliceous mudrocks, muddy carbonate-clast conglomerates, and skeletal packstones/grainstones at the approximate depositional center located in Reagan County, Texas. Pure versions of these lithologic end-members are discretely distributed among a multitude of transitional lithofacies. The Midland Basin evolved in the foreland of the Ouachita Fold-belt from Mississippian to early Permian time along-side several sub-basins of the Permian Basin. These basins were formed by disseverance and uplift associated with the continental collision of Laurasia and Gondwana to form …

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Chemostratigraphy And Geochemical Constraints On The Deposition Of The Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, Eastern Montana And Western North Dakota, David Nyrup Maldonado Jan 2012

Chemostratigraphy And Geochemical Constraints On The Deposition Of The Bakken Formation, Williston Basin, Eastern Montana And Western North Dakota, David Nyrup Maldonado

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

The late Devonian-early Mississippian Bakken Formation was deposited in a structural-sedimentary intracratonic basin that extends across a large part of modern day North Dakota, eastern Montana, and the southern portion of Canada's Saskatchewan Province. The deposition of the Bakken Formation occurred during a fascinating period of geologic time that is linked to one of the five major mass extinctions. The occurrences of these mass extinctions are recorded worldwide as organic rich mud rocks similar to the ones found in the Bakken Formation. Collectively, the Bakken Formation consists of a middle dolomitic siltstone that is representative of a transgressive deposit and …

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Chemostratigraphy And Paleoenvironmental Significance Of The Pennsylvanian Smithwick Formation, Northern Llano Uplift Region, Texas, Rene Bernabe Ovalle-Rauch Jan 2012

Chemostratigraphy And Paleoenvironmental Significance Of The Pennsylvanian Smithwick Formation, Northern Llano Uplift Region, Texas, Rene Bernabe Ovalle-Rauch

Earth & Environmental Sciences Theses

The Early Pennsylvanian (Bashkirian-Moscovian) Smithwick Formation of Central Texas has been previously described as a marine transgressive, fairly homogeneous and fine-grained dark shale sequence with varying local depositional lithofacies. The deposition of the Smithwick shale through the southern margin of the Fort Worth Basin (FWB) has shown large variability in thickness and deposition style. Lithological heterogeneity of the bounding units throughout the basin is inferred to be the result of a combination of depositional, tectonic and eustatic variations. Regional structural instability from Late Mississippian to Early Pennsylvanian is linked to the reactivation of the Ouachita geosyncline and thrust front, causing …

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Electrolysis Of Coal And Carbon Slurry Suspensions, Moustafa Reda Aboushabana Jan 2012

Electrolysis Of Coal And Carbon Slurry Suspensions, Moustafa Reda Aboushabana

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

In this dissertation study, different ranks of coal and carbons were tested as anode depolarizers in a three electrode electrochemical cell designed for hydrogen generation. The focus of this study was mainly Texas lignite coal (TXLC). For comparison purposes, other coals were carefully chosen to cover the range from high-rank, intermediate-rank, and to low-rank (TXLC). Carbon blacks and carbon nanotubes were also studied to gain more insight into the mechanistic aspects of the electrolysis process.The Fe3+/2+ redox couple was used as an oxidation mediator throughout the study. It shuttles the electrons between the coal or carbon particles and the anode …

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Bioanalytical Lc-Ms: Streamlined Sampled Preparation And Novel Ambient Ionization Techniques, Samuel Hsiao-Chieh Yang Jan 2012

Bioanalytical Lc-Ms: Streamlined Sampled Preparation And Novel Ambient Ionization Techniques, Samuel Hsiao-Chieh Yang

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Bioanalysis has gained importance in the scientific at an exponential rate. The focus of these works attempt to seek new approaches towards faster and more efficient bioanalysis that require little to no sample preparation. One approach is the use of new restricted access media trap technologies to facilitate an online sample preparation platform. A demonstration of the advantages of RAM involves the trace level detection of bisphenol A, an environmental contaminant. A bulk derivatization strategy used in combination with RAM trap technologies is adopted to boost sensitivity without the use of traditional sample preparation methods. Another strategy is the use …

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New Bonded Phase Materials For Separtions, Sirantha Perera Jan 2012

New Bonded Phase Materials For Separtions, Sirantha Perera

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Separations play an important role in day to day life as well as in science and technology. This dissertation focuses on novel and versatile techniques involving synthesizing new bonded chiral stationary phases (CSPs) and using existing CSPs for the separation of target chiral analytes in HPLC. It also includes development of new ionic liquid (IL) based silica bonded polymeric coatings for solid phase microextraction gas chromatography (SPME-GC) in headspace and direct immersion for polar analytes and finally, coupling new MALDI matrix bonded SPME fibers and laser desorption for rapid identification of biological materials. Enantiomerically pure Ru complexes were introduced as …

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Mixed Lineage Leukemia Histone Methylases In Hormonal Regulation Of Hox Genes And Their Disruption By Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals, Imran Hussain Jan 2012

Mixed Lineage Leukemia Histone Methylases In Hormonal Regulation Of Hox Genes And Their Disruption By Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals, Imran Hussain

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

Homeobox (HOX) genes are highly conserved family of genes that play vital roles during cell differentiation and embryogenesis. Of the 39 HOX genes present in human, HOXC6 is a critical players in mammary gland development, milk production and is over-expressed in breast and prostate cancer. I demonstrated that HOXC6 is transcriptionally regulated by estrogen (E2). The HOXC6 promoter contains two putative estrogen response elements (EREs). Promoter analysis using luciferase-based reporter assay demonstrated that both EREs are responsive to E2, ERE1half being more responsive than ERE2half. Estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ERα and ERβ) bind to these EREs …

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Catalytic Hydro-Liquefaction Of Lignite Coals Under Mild Conditions, Mahir Alrashdan Jan 2012

Catalytic Hydro-Liquefaction Of Lignite Coals Under Mild Conditions, Mahir Alrashdan

Chemistry & Biochemistry Dissertations

A low-cost thermo-chemical process for the liquefaction of lignite coals is being developed at the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA). The coal-toliquids (CTL) project has focused of developing a liquefaction process which is made economically attractive by the combination of using a cheap coal feedstock, such as lignite, use of cheap disposable catalysts, and limiting the operating conditions to mild temperatures and pressures, at least relative to many existing CTL processes. The UTA-CTL process uses a solvent which is derived from the pyrolysis of lignite, an inexpensive iron-based catalyst and mild temperatures and pressures to hydrogenate and depolymerize the …

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Increasing Lipophilicity Of Redox Active Ruthenium Complexes As A Means To Enhance Cytotoxicity And Reduce Animal Toxicity, Nagham Alatrash Jan 2012

Increasing Lipophilicity Of Redox Active Ruthenium Complexes As A Means To Enhance Cytotoxicity And Reduce Animal Toxicity, Nagham Alatrash

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses

The dinuclear and monomeric ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes [(phen)2Ru(tatpp)Ru(phen)2]Cl4 (P) and monomer [(phen)2Ru(tatpp)]Cl2 (MP) are promising candidates for anticancer drug development in terms of the observed anti-tumor activity in mouse models. These complexes contain the redox-active tatpp bridging ligand which seems to be the critical component for biological activity. Ruthenium complexes containing the tatpp ligand have been shown to cleave DNA with an inverse dependence on the [O2], exhibit selective and good cytotoxicity towards a number of cultured malignant cell lines, and have tolerable acute toxicity in mice. Significantly, the animal toxicity of P and MP is significantly less than simple …

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