Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Deep Learning In Reproducing Kernel Banach Spaces, Mingsong Yan

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

Deep learning has achieved immense success in the past decade. The goal of this dissertation is to understand deep learning through the framework of reproducing kernel Banach spaces (RKBSs), which were originally proposed for promoting sparse solutions. We begin by considering learning problems in a general functional setting, and establishing explicit and data-dependent representer theorems for both minimal norm interpolation (MNI) problems and regularization problems. These theorems provide a crucial foundation for the subsequent results derived for both sparse learning and deep learning. Next, we investigate the essential properties of RKBSs capable of encouraging sparsity in learning solutions. With the …

Safe And Efficient Operation Of Mobile Robots In Indoor Environments: A User-Centric Shared Control System With High-Level Navigation Capabilities, Ahmet Saglam

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Hospitalization and isolation can be a traumatic experience for immunocompromised children, especially because they are separated from their families and friends. Social robots have been proposed as a way to improve the quality of care for children hospitalized in isolation by providing alternative means of social interaction and support. Remote control of such robots in a hospital setting, particularly where safety is a major concern, can be a daunting task for young patients.

This dissertation introduces a multilevel shared control system for mobile robots, specifically companion robots in hospital-like indoor spaces. The system integrates user inputs with algorithmic semi-autonomous control …

Study Of Atypical Alarmone Synthesis In Clostridioides Difficile, Declan Nathaniel Butler

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Clostridioides difficile is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium that causes infections in humans that costs healthcare systems billions per year. C. difficile infection has high rates of recurrence due to multiple antibiotic resistance. When bacteria are in stressful environments, they produce hyperphosphorylated guanosine ribonucleotide signaling molecules called alarmones. The accumulation of alarmones activates the stringent response (SR), in which bacterial cells induce transcription of stress survival genes to delay growth and replication. The C. difficile SR is regulated by enzymatic activity of a bifunctional synthetase/hydrolase, RelA/SpoT homolog (RSH), and a monofunctional small alarmone synthetase (RelQ). Additionally, the SR is potentially regulated …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Cobalt-Based Complexes And Metal-Organic Frameworks For Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis Under Acidic Conditions, Elizabeth A. Tonsel-White

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The synthesis of two cobalt(II) complexes: the novel complex [Co(phen)₃]₂[Co(pytc)₂]•16.25H₂O 1 and the previously reported [Co(bpy)₃](OH)₂•7H₂O 2, along with a cobalt(II/III)-containing MOF, Co-PPF2, previously reported as well, was achieved. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray crystallography, microscopy, conductivity measurements, TGA, SEM, CV , and UV-visible , and FTIR spectroscopies. From the CV scan rates, diffusion coefficients for complexes 1 and 2 were determined to be 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ cm² s⁻¹ and 4.8 × 10⁻⁷ cm² s⁻¹. Electrocatalytic studies with complexes 1 and 2 revealed insights into the mechanistic aspects of …

On Weighted Sequence Spaces, Gilbert D. Acheampong

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

The space ℓ^p,α of complex sequences a = (a₀,a₁,a₂, . . .) for which

∞

∥a∥p,α = ( Σ|ak|^p(k+1)^α)^1/p < ∞

k=0

is studied. Each such sequence can be identified with the analytic function with power series

∞

f (z) = ∑ akz^k.

k=0

In this setting, the point evaluation and the difference quotient mappings are shown to be bounded; the cases are identified in which ℓ^p,α is boundedly contained in ℓ^r,β . …

Accelerating The Efficiency Of Multiscale Hybridizable Discontinuos Galerkin Methods For Flows In Heterogeneous Media, Tony Charles Haines

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

A plethora of scientific and engineering problems encountered are multiscale in nature. This multiscale feature often influences simulation efforts wherever large disparities in spatial scales are experienced. Notable examples include composite materials, fluid flow through porous media and turbulent transport in high Reynolds number flow. Although there are promising results from the advancement of modern supercomputer, obtaining direct numerical solution of multiscale problems is very laborious. This difficulty stems from the tremendous amount of computer memory and CPU time required. Parallel computing may be one obvious choice in remedying this issue. However, the complexity and size of the discrete problem …

A Portable Numerical Library For The Calculation Of Multi-Dimensional Integrals, Ioannis Sakiotis

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Multi-dimensional numerical integration is a prevalent task in physics and other scientific fields, e.g., in the simulation of particle-beam dynamics and Bayesian parameter estimation. Scientific computing applications that simulate complex phenomena may require the solution to numerous multi-variate integrals. However, functions that have features such as sharp peaks or oscillations in high dimensional spaces, can result in an exorbitant number of computations. For many cases, convergence to accurate results in a reasonable amount of time is infeasible with existing numerical libraries. One approach towards making multi-dimensional integration viable is to parallelize existing algorithms. No commonly available algorithms or libraries exist …

Leveraging Blockchain For Trust Enhancement In Decentralized Marketplaces: A Reputation System Perspective, Meshari Mohammd Aljohani

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Centralized marketplaces provide reliable reputation services through a central authority, but this raises concerns about single points of failure, user privacy, and data security. Decentralized marketplaces have emerged to address these issues by enhancing user privacy and transparency and eliminating single points of failure. However, decentralized marketplaces face the challenge of maintaining user trust without a centralized authority. Current blockchain-based marketplaces rely on subjective buyer feedback. Additionally, the transparency in these systems can deter honest reviews due to fear of seller retaliation. To address these issues, we propose a trust and reputation system using blockchain and smart contracts. Our system …

Adopt: An Environmentally-Friendly System For Alerting Drivers To Occluded Pedestrians Traffic, Abrar Abdulrahman Alali

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

The emergence of sensing technologies and vehicular communications has brought significant opportunities for enhancing pedestrian safety on city streets. However, existing solutions rely on costly technologies such as computer vision and trajectory prediction to detect crossing pedestrians, while they have limits in detecting pedestrians who are occluded by parked cars. Despite the presence of collaborative perception by surrounding vehicles and infrastructure, there is a notable absence of incorporating existing parked cars themselves due to their insufficiency in detecting pedestrians and communicating with other cars while they are turned off. Furthermore, accommodating pedestrians on streets has been linked to an additional …

Hydrogen Sulfide As A Strong Ligand Affecting Trace Metal Cycling In The Pacific And Southern Oceans, Nicole R. Buckley

OES Theses and Dissertations

Historically, hydrogen sulfide was considered unimportant in the open ocean since it has primarily been associated with anoxic environments. Yet, in the late 1980s it was suggested that this sulfur gas is also being produced in the oxic, surface ocean through the hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide (OCS). Since then, several studies have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide is indeed found in oxic seawater at pico- to nanomolar concentrations due not only to carbonyl sulfide hydrolysis, but also assimilatory sulfate reduction by phytoplankton. Hydrogen sulfide’s importance in seawater is largely due to its high metal-ligand stability constants allowing it to affect the …

Surfacing Text Changes In Archived Webpages, Lesley Frew

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Webpages change over time, and web archives hold copies of historical versions of webpages. Users of web archives, such as journalists, want to find and view changes on webpages over time. However, the current search interfaces for web archives do not adequately support this task. For the web archives that include a full-text search feature, multiple versions of the same webpage that match the search query are shown individually without enumerating changes, or are grouped together in a way that hides changes. We present a change text search engine that allows users to find changes in webpages. We describe the …

Generalized Optimal Transport And Mean Field Control Problems For Reaction-Diffusion Systems With High-Order Finite Element Computation, Guosheng Fu, Stanley Osher, Will Pazner, Wuchen Li

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We design and compute a class of optimal control problems for reaction-diffusion systems. They form mean field control problems related to multi-density reaction-diffusion systems. To solve proposed optimal control problems numerically, we first apply high-order finite element methods to discretize the space-time domain and then solve the optimal control problem using augmented Lagrangian methods (ALG2). Numerical examples, including generalized optimal transport and mean field control problems between Gaussian distributions and image densities, demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling and computational methods for mean field control problems involving reaction-diffusion equations/systems.

Quasi – Monte Carlo Estimation For Functional Generalized Linear Mixed Models, Ruvini Jayamaha

Waldo Library Student Exhibits

Functional Data Analysis (FDA) is a topic of growing interest in the Statistics community. The data in FDA are smooth curves or surfaces in time or space which can be conceptualized as functions.

We propose a Functional Generalized Linear Mixed Model (FGLMM) to fit EEG data and estimate the parameters using Quasi-Monte Carlo Method.

This proposed model deals with non-Gaussian scalar response, functional predictor, and random effects. We relax the assumption of link and variance functions.

The Analysis Of Artificially Flavored Coffees, Hannah Knights

Longwood Senior Thesis Proposal

This project aims to determine the molecular components that give artificially flavored coffees their advertised flavor. Much work has been conducted to determine various characteristics such as antioxidant properties, phenolic compounds, flavors, and aromas found in natural coffees. In addition, there is ample literature on the results of sensory tests for a variety of commercial coffees. However, not much work has been conducted to determine the compounds found in artificially flavored coffees that give rise to their distinctive aroma and flavor. This is, perhaps, due to the proprietary nature of the flavoring process employed by commercial producers. The goal of …

Contextualizing Interpersonal Data Sharing In Smart Homes, Weijia He, Nathan Reitinger, Atheer Almogbil, Yi-Shyuan Chiang, Timothy J. Pierson, David Kotz

Dartmouth Scholarship

A key feature of smart home devices is monitoring the environment and recording data. These devices provide security via motion-detection video alerts, cost-savings via thermostat usage history, and peace of mind via functions like auto-locking doors or water leak detectors. At the same time, the sharing of this information in interpersonal relationships---though necessary---is currently accomplished on an all-or-nothing basis. This can easily lead to oversharing in a multi-user environment. Although prior work has studied people's perceptions of information sharing with vendors or ISPs, the sharing of household data among users who interact personally is less well understood. Interpersonal situations make …

Mega-Influencers And Brand Dynamics: Shaping Attitudes Toward Leading And Challenger Brandsthrough Electronic Word Of Mouth, Riccardo Rialto, Lamberto Zollo, Kacy Kim, Sukki Yoon

Mathematics and Economics Faculty Journal Articles

The aim of this paper is to explore how mega‐influencers' electronic word of mouth (eWOM) messages on social media influence consumers' brand attitudes in duopolistic markets. Through three experimental studies, we observe that when mega‐ influencers send positive (vs. negative) eWOM messages about a leading brand, followers form positive (vs. negative) brand attitudes, but these effects fail to occur when influencers back challenger brands. The findings are consistent across three duopolistic market rivals (Apple vs. Samsung; UPS vs. FedEx; Nike vs. Adidas), three social media platforms (Facebook, Instagram, and X), and four mega‐influencers (Marques Brownlee, Gary Vaynerchuk, Kanye West, and …

2024 July - Tennessee Monthly Climate Report, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University

Tennessee Climate Office Monthly Report

No abstract provided.

Math 75: Introduction To Linear Algebra, Sarah K. Merz

Pacific Open Texts

This text is intended to use in a first course of Linear Algebra with a prerequisite of Calculus 1. Topics covered include systems of linear equations, matrix operations and inverses, linear transformations, Markov chains, determinants, eigenvalues and eigenvectors, diagonalization, vector geometry, projections and planes, homogeneous coordinates, subspaces, spanning sets, linear independence, orthogonality, fundamental subspaces, and least squares.

Ocular Gene Transfer In The Spotlight: Implications Of Newspaper Content For Clinical Communications, Shelly Benjaminy, Tania M. Bubela

Office of the Provost

Background: Ocular gene transfer clinical trials are raising hopes for blindness treatments and attracting media attention. News media provide an accessible health information source for patients and the public, but are often criticized for overemphasizing benefits and underplaying risks of novel biomedical interventions. Overly optimistic portrayals of unproven interventions may influence public and patient expectations; the latter may cause patients to downplay risks and over-emphasize benefits, with implications for informed consent for clinical trials. We analyze the news media communications landscape about ocular gene transfer and make recommendations for improving communications between clinicians and potential trial participants in light of …

Existence Of Smooth Solutions For The Landau Equation With Hard Potentials, Shelly Ann Taylor

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is concerned with the Landau equation, an integro-differential equation that models the particle density of a plasma as it evolves in phase space. The main topic is the (large-data) local existence of classical solutions to the Landau equation in the case of hard potentials (γ ∈ (0, 1]). Solutions have previously been constructed by Chaturvedi [SIAM. J. Math. Anal., 55(5), 5345–5385, 2023] for initial data in an exponentially-weighted Sobolev space of order 10, but it is not a priori clear whether these solutions have more regularity than the initial data. We improve Chaturvedi’s existence result in two ways: …

Generative Ai For Pull Request Descriptions: Adoption, Impact, And Developer Interventions, Tao Xiao, Hideaki Hata, Christoph Treude, Kenichi Matsumoto

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

GitHub's Copilot for Pull Requests (PRs) is a promising service aiming to automate various developer tasks related to PRs, such as generating summaries of changes or providing complete walkthroughs with links to the relevant code. As this innovative technology gains traction in the Open Source Software (OSS) community, it is crucial to examine its early adoption and its impact on the development process. Additionally, it offers a unique opportunity to observe how developers respond when they disagree with the generated content. In our study, we employ a mixed-methods approach, blending quantitative analysis with qualitative insights, to examine 18,256 PRs in …

A Bottom-Up Multi-Disciplinary Approach For Sustainability Education: Un-Sdg 13.3, Benjamin Gan, Thomas Menkhoff, Eng Lieh Ouh, Kevin Cheong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Teaching both information systems and business undergraduates to break the current inertia in sustainability action requires innovative teaching & learning approaches as well as inter-disciplinary knowledge inputs. This study presents a bottom-up T&L approach delivered by a group of educators from different disciplines aimed at addressing UN-SDG Goal 13 ‘Climate Action’ with a novel approach. Integrating a problem-centric community project assignment into existing courses, our students worked on different disciplinary elements such as persuasive technologies and awareness campaigns to help to address local sustainability initiatives by community partners. We collected data to measure how students’ motivation, engagement, teamwork, and community …

Exploring The Market Impact Of Web3 Identity Imitation In Ethereum Name Service, Ping Fan Ke, Yi Meng Lau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Digital identities are paramount in today’s digital landscape. However, in the Web3 ecosystem, the absence of a central governing body leaves digital identities, such as domain names, vulnerable to cybersquatting and identity imitation. This study examines the market impact of identity imitation in the Web3 ecosystem. By scrutinizing trading activities within Web3 domain names from Ethereum Name Service (ENS) and its imitator, "Ether Name Service," we found that the presence of a newly imitating domain name increases the subsequent resale value of the authentic domain name. Additionally, we find a positive correlation between the resale value of the imitating domain …

Application Of An Improved Harmony Search Algorithm On Electric Vehicle Routing Problems, Vanny Minanda, Yun-Chia Liang, Angela H. L. Chen, Aldy Gunawan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Electric vehicles (EVs) have gained considerable popularity, driven in part by an increased concern for the impact of automobile emissions on climate change. Electric vehicles (EVs) cover more than just conventional cars and trucks. They also include electric motorcycles, such as those produced by Gogoro, which serve as the primary mode of transportation for food and package delivery services in Taiwan. Consequently, the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (EVRP) has emerged as an important variation of the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP). In addition to the CVRP’s constraints, the EVRP requires vehicles to visit a charging station before the battery level …

Adan: Adaptive Nesterov Momentum Algorithm For Faster Optimizing Deep Models, Xingyu Xie, Pan Zhou, Huan Li, Zhouchen Lin, Shuicheng Yan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In deep learning, different kinds of deep networks typically need different optimizers, which have to be chosen after multiple trials, making the training process inefficient. To relieve this issue and consistently improve the model training speed across deep networks, we propose the ADAptive Nesterov momentum algorithm, Adan for short. Adan first reformulates the vanilla Nesterov acceleration to develop a new Nesterov momentum estimation (NME) method, which avoids the extra overhead of computing gradient at the extrapolation point. Then Adan adopts NME to estimate the gradient's first- and second-order moments in adaptive gradient algorithms for convergence acceleration. Besides, we prove that …

Broadening The View: Demonstration-Augmented Prompt Learning For Conversational Recommendation, Quang Huy Dao, Yang Deng, Dung D. Le, Lizi Liao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Conversational Recommender Systems (CRSs) leverage natural language dialogues to provide tailored recommendations. Traditional methods in this field primarily focus on extracting user preferences from isolated dialogues. It often yields responses with a limited perspective, confined to the scope of individual conversations. Recognizing the potential in collective dialogue examples, our research proposes an expanded approach for CRS models, utilizing selective analogues from dialogue histories and responses to enrich both generation and recommendation processes. This introduces significant research challenges, including: (1) How to secure high-quality collections of recommendation dialogue exemplars? (2) How to effectively leverage these exemplars to enhance CRS models?To tackle …

Towards Human-Centered Proactive Conversational Agents, Yang Deng, Lizi Liao, Zhonghua Zheng, Grace Hui Yang, Tat-Seng Chua

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recent research on proactive conversational agents (PCAs) mainly focuses on improving the system's capabilities in anticipating and planning action sequences to accomplish tasks and achieve goals before users articulate their requests. This perspectives paper highlights the importance of moving towards building human-centered PCAs that emphasize human needs and expectations, and that considers ethical and social implications of these agents, rather than solely focusing on technological capabilities. The distinction between a proactive and a reactive system lies in the proactive system's initiative-taking nature. Without thoughtful design, proactive systems risk being perceived as intrusive by human users. We address the issue by …

Reinforcement Learning For Strategic Airport Slot Scheduling: Analysis Of State Observations And Reward Designs, Anh Nguyen-Duy, Duc-Thinh Pham, Jian-Yi Lye, Nguyen Binh Duong Ta

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Due to the NP-hard nature, the strategic airport slot scheduling problem is calling for exploring sub-optimal approaches, such as heuristics and learning-based approaches. Moreover, the continuous increase in air traffic demand requires approaches that can work well in new scenarios. While heuristics rely on a fixed set of rules, which limits the ability to explore new solutions, Reinforcement Learning offers a versatile framework to automate the search and generalize to unseen scenarios. Finding a suitable state observation and reward structure design is essential in using Reinforcement Learning. In this paper, we investigate the impact of providing the Reinforcement Learning agent …

Revised Draft Final Quarterly Operations And Maintenance Report Butte Treatment Lagoon System – Fourth Quarter 2022, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Final 2024 Residential Metals Abatement Program (Rmap) Mandan Park Soil Remedial Action Work Plan (Rawp), Mike Mcanulty

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.