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Articles 721 - 750 of 292120
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Predictive Filtering-Based Image Inpainting, Xiaoguang Li
Predictive Filtering-Based Image Inpainting, Xiaoguang Li
Theses and Dissertations
Image inpainting is an important challenge in the computer vision field. The primary goal of image inpainting is to fill in the missing parts of an image. This technique has many real-life uses including fixing old photographs and restoring ancient artworks, e.g., the degraded Dunhuang frescoes. Moreover, image inpainting is also helpful in image editing. It has the capability to eliminate unwanted objects from images while maintaining a natural and realistic appearance, e.g., removing watermarks and subtitles. Disregarding the fact that image inpainting expects the restored result to be identical to the original clean one, existing deep generative inpainting methods …
Spatial Optimism And Cross-Over Effects In The Perceptions Of Interconnected Wildfire, Flood, And Mudslide Hazards, Douglas Houston, Omar Pérez Figueroa, Ariane Jong-Levinger, Brett F. Sanders
Spatial Optimism And Cross-Over Effects In The Perceptions Of Interconnected Wildfire, Flood, And Mudslide Hazards, Douglas Houston, Omar Pérez Figueroa, Ariane Jong-Levinger, Brett F. Sanders
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Communities near the wildland urban interface (WUI) are exposed to a mix of three interconnected hazards (wildfire, flood, and mudslide), and understanding multi-hazard perceptions is critically important for emergency preparation and hazard mitigation—particularly given the WUI’s rapid expansion and intensifying environmental hazards. Based on a survey of residents living near recent burn scars in Southern California, we document cross-over effects in hazard perceptions, where resident experience with one hazard was associated with greater hazard rankings for other hazards. Additionally, for all three hazards analyzed we document perceptions of increasing hazard levels with increasing spatial scales (home, near-home, neighborhood, and community), …
Synergetic And Orthogonal Switching In Dual Photochromic Metal-Organic Frameworks, Gina Rene Wilson
Synergetic And Orthogonal Switching In Dual Photochromic Metal-Organic Frameworks, Gina Rene Wilson
Theses and Dissertations
Cooperative behavior and orthogonal responses of two classes of coordinatively integrated photochromic molecules towards distinct external stimuli were demonstrated on the first example of a photo-thermo-responsive hierarchical platform. Synergetic and orthogonal responses to temperature and excitation wavelength are achieved by confining the stimuli-responsive moieties within a metal-organic framework (MOF), leading to the preparation of a novel photo-thermo-responsive spiropyran-diarylethene based material. Synergistic behavior of two photoswitches enables the study of stimuli-responsive resonance energy transfer as well as control of the photoinduced charge transfer processes, milestones required to advance optoelectronics development. Spectroscopic studies in combination with theoretical modeling revealed a nonlinear effect …
Mild Hydrothermal Crystal Growth Strategies For Complex Inorganic Metal Fluorides, Navindra Keerthisinghe
Mild Hydrothermal Crystal Growth Strategies For Complex Inorganic Metal Fluorides, Navindra Keerthisinghe
Theses and Dissertations
Inorganic metal fluorides have been investigated for their interesting magnetic and optical properties, their electrochemical behavior, and their ionic conductivity. Fluoride materials can accommodate metals in very low oxidation states, which can be advantageous for designing new magnetic materials. Specifically, mixed metal fluorides incorporating transition metal cations often exhibit interesting magnetic behavior, such as frustrated magnetism. However, many challenges are encountered during the synthesis of such fluoride materials, including the inability to perform reactions under ambient conditions and the involvement of toxic gases for fluorination during solid-state reactions. Therefore, solution growth techniques such as mild hydrothermal synthesis are currently utilized …
Impact Of Energy Allocation On Fish's Age And Weight At Maturation By Mathematical Models, Siyi Zhang
Impact Of Energy Allocation On Fish's Age And Weight At Maturation By Mathematical Models, Siyi Zhang
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The age and weight at maturation are crucial traits in an organism’s life cycle, influencing its growth, survival, and reproduction. We propose a biphasic energy allocation model, distinguishing pre-maturity and post-maturity, to study the mechanisms of maturation and estimate the age and weight at maturation. This model is parameterized for female lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis). We compare different functions involved in the model, estimate parameters, and do sensitivity analysis. Our results indicate that (i) weight at maturation is positively related to the fraction of energy allocated to growth which, by data fitting, is almost a constant; (ii) age …
Macro–Micro-Coupled Simulations Of Bead–Spring Breaking-Reforming Networks, Andrei Medved
Macro–Micro-Coupled Simulations Of Bead–Spring Breaking-Reforming Networks, Andrei Medved
Theses and Dissertations
In this work we investigate the dynamic behavior of bead-spring polymer solutions in viscoelastic fluids, which are essential in industries like materials science, biotechnology, and pharmaceuticals. The study leverages GPU-accelerated simulations and detailed modeling of polymer chain dynamics at the mesoscale, which enables efficient analysis of intricate fluid behaviors and the microscale dynamics of polymer chains. Additionally, the research examines the breaking-reforming dynamics of polymer chains, crucial for understanding phenomena such as shear thinning and thickening. The findings have broad applications, from improving inkjet printing and 3D printing technologies to developing new drug delivery systems and biocompatible materials. This work …
Transforming Computer Science Pedagogy: An Exploration Of Self-Recorded Videos (Srv) As A Teaching And Evaluation Tool, Hussam Ghunaim
Transforming Computer Science Pedagogy: An Exploration Of Self-Recorded Videos (Srv) As A Teaching And Evaluation Tool, Hussam Ghunaim
Computer Science Faculty Publications
This study aims to introduce Self-Recorded Videos (SRV) as a novel method to help improve students’ performance in coding assignments in computer science courses. To our best knowledge, this is the first time the SRV method is applied in the context of computer science classes. The study was conducted with a sample size of 41 students who were registered in the online CSCI 331 Operating Systems course at Fort Hays State University. These students were given specific instructions to create Self-Recorded Videos SRVs for every coding assignment they were tasked with. This approach was designed to encourage students to engage …
2023 Analysis Of Microplastics In Bed Sediments Of The Puget Sound In The Salish Sea, Mia Robbins
2023 Analysis Of Microplastics In Bed Sediments Of The Puget Sound In The Salish Sea, Mia Robbins
Environmental Science Undergraduate Theses
Pollution of bays and estuaries by microplastics is an increasingly pressing concern, especially in bodies of water surrounded by densely populated areas. Microplastics have been found in waters virtually everywhere. Microplastics are known to be vectors for harmful chemicals and can impact digestion and other physiological processes in organisms. Quantifying the number of microplastics in the Puget Sound can give a clearer picture of the local scope of this issue. With this work, we monitored the levels of microplastics in sediments at 50 sites in the Puget Sound and related them to 2021. Sediments were disaggregated and density separated to …
2023 Analysis Of Harmful Algae In Bed Sediments Of The Puget Sound In The Salish Sea, Peyton Scheschy
2023 Analysis Of Harmful Algae In Bed Sediments Of The Puget Sound In The Salish Sea, Peyton Scheschy
Environmental Science Undergraduate Theses
Alexandrium catenella is a toxic dinoflagellate that has two life stages, a dormant cyst form within bed sediment, and a vegetative form that swims freely in the water column. Both produce a saxitoxin that can bioaccumulate within shellfish and when ingested by mammals, could potentially lead to paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). This project looked at the distribution of cysts of A. catenella in the Salish Sea to inform shellfish harvesters of the potential for harmful algal blooms in their region. In order to analyze for cysts, sediment was collected at 50 stations throughout the Salish Sea. These samples were processed …
Sustainable Transportation: Transforming Utah Through Community Action, Isabella Erwin, Kendall Becker, Patrick A. Singleton, Scott Hotaling
Sustainable Transportation: Transforming Utah Through Community Action, Isabella Erwin, Kendall Becker, Patrick A. Singleton, Scott Hotaling
All Current Publications
Transportation in the United States accounts for 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Over half of these emissions come from on-road vehicles. Nationwide, Utah has the third highest rate of car ownership, and the resulting air pollution from on-road vehicles has significant implications for the climate and public health. This fact sheet provides information on how Utah’s government and other entities are working to expand modes of transport that minimize harm to communities and the environment.
Modeling, Analysis, Approximation, And Application Of Viscoelastic Structures And Anomalous Transport, Yiqun Li
Theses and Dissertations
(Variable-order) fractional partial differential equations are emerging as a competitive means to integer-order PDEs in characterizing the memory and hereditary properties of physical processes, e.g., anomalously diffusive transport, viscoelastic mechanics and financial mathematics, and thus have attracted widespread attention. In particular, optimal control problems governed by fractional partial differential equations are attracting increasing attentions since they are shown to provide competitive descriptions of challenging physical phenomena. Nevertheless, variable-order fractional models exhibit salient features compared with their constant-order analogues and introduce mathematical difficulties that are not typical encountered in the context of integer-order and constant-order fractional partial differential equations.
This dissertation …
Advances In Chalcogenide Crystal Growth, Anna Berseneva
Advances In Chalcogenide Crystal Growth, Anna Berseneva
Theses and Dissertations
Chalcogenides are the cornerstone of the semiconductor and thermoelectric industries and are up-and-coming materials for superconductors, catalysis, and battery applications. Challenges in the synthesis of those materials emerge from the chalcogen’s volatility and the tendencies of chalcogenide to react with even trace quantities of oxygen. Nonetheless, many techniques have been applied to the growth of chalcogenide single crystals, which are convenient for structure determinations and intrinsic property measurements. This dissertation will detail synthetic strategies applied to the crystal growth of novel chalcogenide materials via molten flux preparation (Chapters 2, 4, and 5), hydrothermal synthesis (Chapter 1 and 3), and single-crystal-to-single …
Bayesian Methods In Analyzing The Diagnostic Accuracy\\ For Ordinal Ratings, Yun Yang
Bayesian Methods In Analyzing The Diagnostic Accuracy\\ For Ordinal Ratings, Yun Yang
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation focuses on ordinal classification ratings, which are commonly used in medical practice to assess the severity of a disease or condition. For example, a group of radiologists rate a set of mammograms and assign BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting Data System) score for each mammogram. A Bayesian probit hierarchical model is first proposed to analyze this type of data. It links the ordinal ratings with both rater diagnostic skills and patient latent disease severity. Each rater diagnostic skills are quantified with two parameters, diagnostic bias and diagnostic magnifier. Patient latent disease severity is assumed to follow a different normal …
Object Classification, Detection And Tracking In Challenging Underwater Environment, Md Modasshir
Object Classification, Detection And Tracking In Challenging Underwater Environment, Md Modasshir
Theses and Dissertations
The main contributions of this thesis is the applicability and architectural designs of deep learning algorithms in underwater imagery. In recent times, deep learning techniques for object classification and detection have achieved exceptional levels of accuracy that surpass human capabilities. However, the effectiveness of these techniques in underwater environments has not been thoroughly researched. This thesis delves into various research areas related to underwater environments, such as object classification, detection, semantic segmentation, pose regression, and semi-supervised retraining of detection models.
The first part of the thesis studies image classification and detection. Image classification is a fundamental process that involves assigning …
Generalizations Of The Graham-Pollak Tree Theorem, Gabrielle Anne Tauscheck
Generalizations Of The Graham-Pollak Tree Theorem, Gabrielle Anne Tauscheck
Theses and Dissertations
Graham and Pollak showed in 1971 that the determinant of a tree’s distance matrix depends only on its number of vertices, and, in particular, it is always nonzero. This dissertation will generalize their result via two different directions: Steiner distance k-matrices and distance critical graphs. The Steiner distance of a collection of k vertices in a graph is the fewest number of edges in any connected subgraph containing those vertices; for k = 2, this reduces to the ordinary definition of graphical distance. Here, we show that the hyperdeterminant of the Steiner distance k-matrix is always zero if …
Representation Dimensions Of Algebraic Tori And Symmetric Ranks Of G-Lattices, Jason Bailey Heath
Representation Dimensions Of Algebraic Tori And Symmetric Ranks Of G-Lattices, Jason Bailey Heath
Theses and Dissertations
Algebraic tori over a field k are special examples of affine group schemes over k, such as the multiplicative group of the field or the unit circle. Any algebraic torus can be embedded into the group of invertible n x n matrices with entries in k for some n, and the smallest such n is called the representation dimension of that torus. Representation dimensions of algebraic tori can be studied via symmetric ranks of G-lattices. A G-lattice L is a group isomorphic to the additive group Zn for some n, along with an action …
Metal-Organic Frameworks For Global Environmental Challenges, Kyoungchul Park
Metal-Organic Frameworks For Global Environmental Challenges, Kyoungchul Park
Theses and Dissertations
Over the past few decades, there has been a demand for improving nuclear waste administration due to a significant increase in the utilization of nuclear energy. The driving force for proper nuclear waste disposal is evident when considering past nuclear catastrophes—such as Chernobyl and Fukushima—where radionuclide contamination of large bodies of water sparked public concern. In order to manage such radioactive species, the emerging areas of radionuclide sequestration, storage, separation, and sensing must be addressed in the upcoming years. This dissertation presents a potential candidate for addressing these challenges, called metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Due to their porosity, high surface area, …
Controlling Properties Of Hybrid Materials: Leaching Kinetics And Electronic Structure, Anna Berseneva
Controlling Properties Of Hybrid Materials: Leaching Kinetics And Electronic Structure, Anna Berseneva
Theses and Dissertations
Hybrid materials are a unique class of materials that merge the properties of organic and inorganic building blocks. These materials are at the frontier of material science due to their wide modularity and applicability in numerous fields, ranging from catalysis to nuclear waste treatment. Unprecedented tunability of physical properties via changes in organic, inorganic moieties and their connectivity, enables for hybrid materials to address current challenges in the materials’ applications improving energy landscape.
The presented work consists of six chapters where the synthesis and design of new hybrid materials, fundamental understanding of electronic behavior and its modulation in organic-inorganic materials, …
Deconvolving Provenance Signatures Of Pliocene-Pleistocene Coastal Loess Deposits Along The Atlantic Margin Of Argentina, Will Robert Quanrud
Deconvolving Provenance Signatures Of Pliocene-Pleistocene Coastal Loess Deposits Along The Atlantic Margin Of Argentina, Will Robert Quanrud
Theses and Dissertations
Dust derived from southern South America provides critical nutrients for autotropic marine biota in the South Atlantic Ocean, such that fluxes of wind-blown sediment may ultimately affect the concentration of atmospheric CO2. Expansive sand, silt, and loess deposits are exposed in Central Argentina, recording millions of years of eolian processes; however, the provenance and transport pathways of this dust remains unclear. Coastal loess deposits ranging in age from Pliocene to upper Pleistocene are present along the Atlantic margin of Argentina and provide information on sediment transport pathways for the last 4 million years. Nine samples of loess were collected and …
Analysis Of The Effect Of Vaccination, Efficient Surveillance And Treatment On The Transmission Dynamics Of Cholera, Loyinmi Adedapo Chris, Ajala Adebisi Shukurat, Alani L. Ijaola
Analysis Of The Effect Of Vaccination, Efficient Surveillance And Treatment On The Transmission Dynamics Of Cholera, Loyinmi Adedapo Chris, Ajala Adebisi Shukurat, Alani L. Ijaola
Al-Bahir Journal for Engineering and Pure Sciences
In this study, we presented a modified SIR-SI model to investigate the dynamics and potential controls for cholera transmission, with an incident rate equipped with a saturation factor to investigate the combined impact of three vital measures which include effective surveillance, vaccination campaign and proper treatment in case severity. We established among other things, the qualitative analysis of the model to validate the results. Furthermore, the reproduction number (R0) was found to be less than unity (1), through the stability analysis. Additionally, finite different scheme was utilized in solving the differential equations of the model. MATLAB software was used for …
Estimating Post-Fire Flood Infrastructure Clogging And Overtopping Hazards, Ariane Jong-Levinger, Douglas Houston, Brett F. Sanders
Estimating Post-Fire Flood Infrastructure Clogging And Overtopping Hazards, Ariane Jong-Levinger, Douglas Houston, Brett F. Sanders
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Cycles of wildfire and rainfall produce sediment-laden floods that pose a hazard to development and may clog or overtop protective infrastructure, including debris basins and flood channels. The compound, post-fire flood hazards associated with infrastructure overtopping and clogging are challenging to estimate due to the need to account for interactions between sequences of wildfire and storm events and their impact on flood control infrastructure over time. Here we present data sources and calibration methods to estimate infrastructure clogging and channel overtopping hazards on a catchment-by-catchment basis using the Post-Fire Flood Hazard Model (PF2HazMo), a stochastic modeling approach that utilizes continuous …
Erlang-Distributed Seir Epidemic Models With Cross-Diffusion, Victoria Chebotaeva
Erlang-Distributed Seir Epidemic Models With Cross-Diffusion, Victoria Chebotaeva
Theses and Dissertations
We examine the effects of cross-diffusion dynamics in epidemiological models. Using reaction-diffusion dynamics to model the spread of infectious diseases, we focus on situations in which the movement of individuals is affected by the concentration of individuals of other categories. In particular, we present a model where susceptible individuals move away from large concentrations of infected and infectious individuals.
Our results show that accounting for this cross-diffusion dynamics leads to a noticeable effect on epidemic dynamics. It is noteworthy that this leads to a delay in the onset of epidemics and an increase in the total number of people infected. …
Global Well-Posedness Of Nonlocal Differential Equations Arising From Traffic Flow, Thomas Joseph Hamori
Global Well-Posedness Of Nonlocal Differential Equations Arising From Traffic Flow, Thomas Joseph Hamori
Theses and Dissertations
Macroscopic traffic flow models describe the evolution of a function ρ(t, x), which represents the traffic density at time t and location x according to a differential equation (typically a conservation law). Numerous models have been introduced over the years which capture the phenomenon of shock formation in which the solution develops a discontinuity. This presents difficulties from the standpoint of mathematical analysis, necessitating the consideration of weak solutions. At the same time, this undesirable mathematical behavior corresponds to unsafe driving conditions on real roadways, in which the heaviness of traffic may vary abruptly and dramatically. This thesis introduces and …
Assessing Multi-Annual Phytoplankton Community Compositions And Biomass Across Tidal Creek And Open Water Estuarine Habitats In South Carolina, Shannon Elizabeth Powers
Assessing Multi-Annual Phytoplankton Community Compositions And Biomass Across Tidal Creek And Open Water Estuarine Habitats In South Carolina, Shannon Elizabeth Powers
Theses and Dissertations
The urbanization of coastal environments in recent decades has caused an accelerating increase in nutrient-rich runoff from the landscape. The presence of these excess nutrients in the aquatic environment can result in degradation of water quality and harmful algal blooms. In South Carolina (SC), coastal development continues to threaten the resiliency of salt marsh estuaries, especially in combination with other stressors like climate change and sea level rise. Estuaries are important nurseries and habitats for fisheries and ecotourism. The South Carolina Estuarine and Coastal Assessment Program (SCECAP) is an ongoing monitoring program that assesses the habitat condition along the coast …
New Techniques For Studying Ocean Eddy Dynamics In The Arabian Sea And The Gulf Of Mexico, Paul Andrew Ernst
New Techniques For Studying Ocean Eddy Dynamics In The Arabian Sea And The Gulf Of Mexico, Paul Andrew Ernst
Theses and Dissertations
Coherent vortices known as eddies are ubiquitous throughout the world’s oceans and are responsible for modulating regional climates via the transfer of heat, momentum, and salt. Two regions where eddies are particularly prominent are the Arabian Sea (AS) and the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). This dissertation advances the study of eddies in these regions by developing and employing new techniques in conjunction with remotely sensed data and high-resolution ocean models. These models focus particularly on lesser-studied eddy components at the subsurface and the submesoscale (below 25 km in radius).
The first component of this dissertation focuses on the Lakshadweep High …
Re: Comment Letter For The Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit (Bpsou) Diggings East 60% Remedial Design Package Submittal (Dated April 23, 2024), Emma Rott
Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site
No abstract provided.
Interventional Radiology's Exploration Into Artificial Intelligence, Raymond Nguyen
Interventional Radiology's Exploration Into Artificial Intelligence, Raymond Nguyen
Master's Projects and Capstones
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has become more prominent in our daily lives in recent years. This includes various aspects of healthcare. Interventional radiology (IR) is one of these specialties that has taken strides in understanding how AI can be leveraged for patient care. This literature review aims to understand what areas will be most impacted by AI in IR and how it will influence both the patient and interventional radiologist.
Methods: Twenty-six publications from 2019-2024 were selected from PubMed and Scopus. Publications were sourced through a combination of keywords, subject headings (MeSH terms), and citation searching.
Results: This literature review …
Mechanism Of Iron-Catalyzed Oxidative Α-Amination Of Ketones With Sulfonamides, Gloria M. Parrales, Nina C. Hollin, Fubin Song, Yangyang Lyu, Anne-Marie O. Martin, Alexandra E. Strom
Mechanism Of Iron-Catalyzed Oxidative Α-Amination Of Ketones With Sulfonamides, Gloria M. Parrales, Nina C. Hollin, Fubin Song, Yangyang Lyu, Anne-Marie O. Martin, Alexandra E. Strom
Chemistry: Faculty Publications
We report the mechanism of the iron-catalyzed oxidative α-amination of ketones with sulfonamides. Using linear free energy relationships, competition experiments, and identification of reaction intermediates, we have found that the mechanism of this reaction proceeds through rate-limiting electron transfer to 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) from an iron enolate in the process of forming an α-DDQ adduct. The adduct then serves as the electrophile for substitution with sulfonamide nucleophiles, accelerated by iron and additional DDQ. This mechanistic study rules out formation of an α-carbocation intermediate and purely radical mechanistic hypotheses.
Automated Data-Flow Optimization For Digital Signal Processors, Madushan Thilina Abeysinghe
Automated Data-Flow Optimization For Digital Signal Processors, Madushan Thilina Abeysinghe
Theses and Dissertations
Digital signal processors (DSP), which are characterized by statically-scheduled Very-Long Instruction Word architectures and software-defined scratchpad memory, are currently the go-to processor type for low-power embedded vision systems, as exemplified by the DSP processors integrated into systems-on-chips from NVIDIA, Samsung, Qualcomm, Apple, and Texas Instruments. DSPs achieve performance by statically scheduling workloads, both in terms of data movement and instructions. We developed a method for scheduling buffer transactions across a data flow graph using data-driven performance models, yielding a 25% average reduction in execution time and a reduction of up to 85% DRAM utilization for randomly-generated data flow graphs. We …
Electronic Structure Investigation Of Photoswitch-Embedded Organic Frameworks And External Electric Field Effects On Carbon Dioxide, Austin Hill
Theses and Dissertations
Metal- and Covalent-Organic Frameworks (MOFs and COFs, respectively) are chemically versatile systems that have diverse applications, ranging from drug delivery to energy storage. This versatility is due to the highly tunable nature of organic frameworks, which utilize metal clusters, chemically diverse metals, and organic ligands. Researchers have recently demonstrated how MOFs and COFs can be remotely tuned through the use of photochromic organic linkers and light (Martin, et al., 2022). The implications of these findings are significant and have numerous applications, primarily in optical switching and energy storage. However, the photochromic mechanism within the organic framework must be investigated, which …