Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Brigham Young University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 961 - 990 of 2906

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Authentication Melee: A Usability Analysis Of Seven Web Authentication Systems, Scott Ruoti Apr 2015

Authentication Melee: A Usability Analysis Of Seven Web Authentication Systems, Scott Ruoti

Theses and Dissertations

Passwords continue to dominate the authentication landscape in spite of numerous proposals to replace them. Even though usability is a key factor in replacing passwords, very few alternatives have been subjected to formal usability studies and even fewer have been analyzed using a standard metric. We report the results of four within-subjects usability studies for seven web authentication systems. These systems span federated, smartphone, paper tokens, and email-based approaches. Our results indicate that participants prefer single sign-on systems. We utilize the Systems Usability Scale (SUS) as a standard metric for empirical analysis and find that it produces reliable, replicable results. …

Go to article

An Extensible Technology Framework For Cyber Security Education, Frank Jordan Sheen Apr 2015

An Extensible Technology Framework For Cyber Security Education, Frank Jordan Sheen

Theses and Dissertations

Cyber security education has evolved over the last decade to include new methods of teaching and technology to prepare students. Instructors in this field of study often deal with a subject matter that has rigid principles, but changing ways of applying those principles. This makes maintaining courses difficult. This case study explored the kind of teaching methods, technology, and means used to explain these concepts. This study shows that generally, cyber security courses require more time to keep up to date. It also evaluates one effort, the NxSecLab, on how it attempted to relieve the administrative issues in teaching these …

Go to article

Color Relationship Transfer For Digital Painting, Gregory Eric Philbrick Apr 2015

Color Relationship Transfer For Digital Painting, Gregory Eric Philbrick

Theses and Dissertations

A digital painter uses reference photography to add realism to a scene. This involves making n colors in a painting relate to each other more like n corresponding colors in a photograph, in terms of value and temperature. Doing this manually requires either experience or tedious experimentation. Color relationship transfer performs the task automatically, recoloring n regions of a painting so they relate in value and temperature more like n corresponding regions of a photograph. Relationship transfer also has applications in computational photography. In fact, it introduces a new paradigm for image editing in general, based on treating an image's …

Go to article

Using Instance-Level Meta-Information To Facilitate A More Principled Approach To Machine Learning, Michael Reed Smith Apr 2015

Using Instance-Level Meta-Information To Facilitate A More Principled Approach To Machine Learning, Michael Reed Smith

Theses and Dissertations

As the capability for capturing and storing data increases and becomes more ubiquitous, an increasing number of organizations are looking to use machine learning techniques as a means of understanding and leveraging their data. However, the success of applying machine learning techniques depends on which learning algorithm is selected, the hyperparameters that are provided to the selected learning algorithm, and the data that is supplied to the learning algorithm. Even among machine learning experts, selecting an appropriate learning algorithm, setting its associated hyperparameters, and preprocessing the data can be a challenging task and is generally left to the expertise of …

Go to article

Transpose Symmetry Groups Of Noninvertible Polynomials, Nathan Cordner, Dr. Tyler Jarvis Mar 2015

Transpose Symmetry Groups Of Noninvertible Polynomials, Nathan Cordner, Dr. Tyler Jarvis

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Introduction Mirror symmetry is an area of mathematical research that stems from theoretical physics, particularly from string theory. Solutions of problems in mirror symmetry yield not only interesting mathematical results, but also have important theoretical implications for high energy particle physics.

Go to article

Neurological Research To Supplement Hmd Technology Development For The Benefit Of Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing Students, Tyler Foulger, Michael Jones Mar 2015

Neurological Research To Supplement Hmd Technology Development For The Benefit Of Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing Students, Tyler Foulger, Michael Jones

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Introduction: The purpose of this MRI study was an attempt to discover and understand how communication is processed via the neural pathways of children ages 8-10. Analysis of the data we obtained would possibly help us in better adapting our head-mounted display (HMD) technology for deaf and hard-of-hearing children in educational settings where communication is common. Since HMDs utilize a sign language interpreter within a screen on the glasses, this technology would eliminate the need for deaf/hard-of-hearing users to constantly alternate their attention back and forth between a live interpreter in the room and the presentation by the teacher. Having …

Go to article

Optimizing Metallization Of Dna-Templated Nanostructures, Andrew Dearden, Adam Woolley Mar 2015

Optimizing Metallization Of Dna-Templated Nanostructures, Andrew Dearden, Adam Woolley

Journal of Undergraduate Research

With countless technologies that rely on microprocessors, there is a great need for increasingly smaller microelectronic components. Traditionally, manufacturers have employed a “top-down” approach to build microelectronics – that is, they have attempted to scale functional microcircuitry components down in size, hoping for similar performance in a smaller circuit. This top-down approach is expensive, often costing manufacturers hundreds of dollars per part. A much more cost-effective approach to microelectronics has emerged over the past decade in the field of molecular science: that is, to develop circuitry from the “bottom-up” using macromolecules such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Scientists have now devised …

Go to article

Science In A Nutshell: Studying The Use Of Humor In Science Writing, Meredith Gold, Gus Hart Mar 2015

Science In A Nutshell: Studying The Use Of Humor In Science Writing, Meredith Gold, Gus Hart

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Introduction The purpose of this study was to expand upon a previous and successful unofficial study that I did in high school, testing the effectiveness of humor in instructional science writing. Despite the fact that various extenuating circumstances (including multiple cases of prolonged illness) hindered measurable data collection, the first main question asked by the study was answered: It is even possible to write a physics textbook in the style of humor essays? To this, my project responds with a resounding yes. I wrote and began editing the full first draft of my first humorous physics textbook, coming in at …

Go to article

Relating Quantum Dynamics And Entanglement, John Gardiner, Jean-Francois Van Huele Mar 2015

Relating Quantum Dynamics And Entanglement, John Gardiner, Jean-Francois Van Huele

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Introduction Entanglement is a quantum phenomenon that is important to many applications including quantum computing and cryptography. The way that a quantum system changes in time is encoded in a mathematical object called the Hamiltonian of the system. The goal of this project was to better understand the relation between the quantum dynamics of a system, as described by the Hamiltonian, and the entanglements that arise in the system, with the bigger goal of better understanding how entanglement changes in time. To this end I studied computer simulations of simple quantum systems to observe how certain features of the Hamiltonian …

Go to article

Immunoassays Of Potential Cancer Biomarkers In Microfluidic Devices, Jayson Virola Pagaduan Mar 2015

Immunoassays Of Potential Cancer Biomarkers In Microfluidic Devices, Jayson Virola Pagaduan

Theses and Dissertations

Laboratory test results are important in making decisions regarding a patient's diagnosis and response to treatment. These tests often measure the biomarkers found in biological fluids such blood, urine, and saliva. Immunoassay is one type of laboratory test used to measure the level of biomarkers using specific antibodies. Microfluidics offer several advantages such as speed, small sample volume requirement, portability, integration, and automation. These advantages are motivating to develop microfluidic platforms of conventional laboratory tests. I have fabricated polymer microfluidic devices and developed immunoassays on-chip for potential cancer markers. Silicon template devices were fabricated using standard photolithographic techniques. The template …

Go to article

Byu Computational Number Theory Research Group David Cardon, Darrin Doud, Paul Jenkins, And Pace Nielsen, Pace Nielsen Mar 2015

Byu Computational Number Theory Research Group David Cardon, Darrin Doud, Paul Jenkins, And Pace Nielsen, Pace Nielsen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the years 2013-2014 we held a weekly seminar in which every supported student gave presentations at least once (but usually twice or more) per semester. This gave the students opportunities to learn and develop presentations skills, which will help them later in their careers. It also gave them opportunities to work together in a tight-knit group setting. This learning was augmented by regular, one-on-one weekly meetings with their advisors. Many of the students wrote professional research papers published in peer-reviewed journals, presented their research at conferences, and many won prestigious university and even national awards.

Go to article

Multilingual Extraction Ontologies, David W. Embley, Stephen W. Liddle, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Yuri Tijerino Mar 2015

Multilingual Extraction Ontologies, David W. Embley, Stephen W. Liddle, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Yuri Tijerino

Journal of Undergraduate Research

On December 29, 2009 we were informed that our application for a 2010 MEG grant was approved. This final report sketches the accomplishments attained during the project’s timeframe since then.

Go to article

Leveraging Mosts (Mathematically Significant Pedagogical Opportunities To Build On Student Thinking), Keith R. Leatham, Blake E. Peterson Mar 2015

Leveraging Mosts (Mathematically Significant Pedagogical Opportunities To Build On Student Thinking), Keith R. Leatham, Blake E. Peterson

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Phase 1, Goal 1: Purposefully create a data set of videotapes and transcripts of secondary classroom mathematics discourse that reflects the student mathematical thinking that can occur in diverse classrooms.

Go to article

Supramolecular Chemistry For Undergraduate Students, David V. Dearden, Roger G. Harrison Mar 2015

Supramolecular Chemistry For Undergraduate Students, David V. Dearden, Roger G. Harrison

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The goal of this proposal was to train graduate and undergraduate students through research experiences in supramolecular chemistry in a multi-group environment. Academically, our objective was to synthesize and characterize new supramolecular host molecules and to develop applications for these molecules. We believe we have been quite successful, as demonstrated by the presentations and publications listed below and as shown by the receipt of a National Science Foundation grant by one of the teams involved in this research, in a year when such grants were particularly difficult to obtain.

Go to article

Pharm: An Environment For Physical Acoustics Research And Mentoring, Kent L. Gee, Tracianne B. Neilsen Mar 2015

Pharm: An Environment For Physical Acoustics Research And Mentoring, Kent L. Gee, Tracianne B. Neilsen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

PHARM (PHysical Acoustics Research and Mentoring) has been operating partially with support from a MEG grant. The primary purpose of this mentoring environment is to provide undergraduates in Physics and Applied Physics opportunities to gain experience in fundamental areas of physical acoustics. It has also included students in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering and Mathematics. Within the acoustics community, “physical acoustics” refers to a number of subfields (e.g., outdoor sound propagation, aeroacoustics, and nonlinear acoustics). A large number of students have been able to participate in projects related to these areas. Many of these projects have been and are being documented …

Go to article

Byu Meg Report, Emily Bates Mar 2015

Byu Meg Report, Emily Bates

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The academic objectives were met by the proposal. Students learned to sequence DNA and to interpret the sequence to know if there was a rare genetic change occurring in the sequence that they interpreted. Students learned to write academic abstracts, introductions, results, and conclusions in the format of an academic journal. Furthermore, together the students determined that the genetic change in a family with an inherited syndrome of birth defects was not one that had previously been identified or described.

Go to article

Mentoring Undergraduates Via Organic Synthesis, Steven L. Castle Mar 2015

Mentoring Undergraduates Via Organic Synthesis, Steven L. Castle

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This report summarizes the results that were generated under the auspices of the mentoring environment in my laboratory from January 2013 to the present. A total of eight undergraduates participated in the mentoring environment during this period.

Go to article

Computational Modeling Of Wave Propagation In Metamaterials, Shue-Sum Chow Mar 2015

Computational Modeling Of Wave Propagation In Metamaterials, Shue-Sum Chow

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The project is concerned with the study of wave propagation in metamaterials. We recall the work plan described in the original proposal and provide an evaluation of the academic objectives.

Go to article

Magnetic Order And Fluctuation Dynamics Of Self-Assembled Magnetite Fe3o4 Nanoparticles, Karine Chesnel Mar 2015

Magnetic Order And Fluctuation Dynamics Of Self-Assembled Magnetite Fe3o4 Nanoparticles, Karine Chesnel

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The research plan described in the proposal (section 2.1) was well implemented during the period 2013-2014. Most of the steps listed in the plan were completed thanks to the fund: (1) nanoparticle preparation (2) structural characterization (3) magnetic characterization (4) particle deposition and self-assembling (5) net magnetization of the film measured via XMCD; we are still working on the last steps (6) magnetic order between particles measured via XRMS and (7) dynamical measurements, measured via CXRMS. The fund was especially useful to go and carry out a couple of synchrotron experiments at SSRL, SLAC at Stanford, to complete steps (5-7). …

Go to article

Defining The Transpose Group In Landau-Ginzburg Mirror Symmetry, Lisa Bendall, Dr. Tyler Jarvis Mar 2015

Defining The Transpose Group In Landau-Ginzburg Mirror Symmetry, Lisa Bendall, Dr. Tyler Jarvis

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Introduction. Mirror symmetry is a phenomenon first observed in theoretical physics, which has garnered interest among mathematicians. The Landau-Ginzburg mirror symmetry conjecture proposes two algebraic structures which are isomorphic, or in some sense “mirror” each other. These structures are built from polynomials and corresponding symmetry groups.

Go to article

Autophagy-Mediated Mechanisms Of Chemoresistance In Cancer, David Broadbent, Dr. Joshua Andersen Mar 2015

Autophagy-Mediated Mechanisms Of Chemoresistance In Cancer, David Broadbent, Dr. Joshua Andersen

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy is a critical problem in the clinic and is a common cause of mortality in cancer. Emerging data suggests that resistance to chemotherapy is caused by a tumor-expressed protein called 14-3-3ζ, yet the mechanism to explain 14-3-3ζ-mediated chemoresistance is not completely understood (1). Rapid growing tumors often outgrow their blood supply resulting in regions of hypoxia (low glucose and oxygen). These cells must adapt or die and those that do adapt often become metastatic and chemoresistant. A recently proposed mechanism by which cancer cells are able to adapt to hypoxia is via autophagy, …

Go to article

Functional Anatomy Of The Forelimb Of A New Drepanosaur: Testing Behavioral Models For Extinct Species, Austin Andrus, Dr. Brooks Britt Mar 2015

Functional Anatomy Of The Forelimb Of A New Drepanosaur: Testing Behavioral Models For Extinct Species, Austin Andrus, Dr. Brooks Britt

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Introduction: I recently discovered a new genus of reptile from the Triassic period (roughly 225 million years ago). Reptiles like it are called “drepanosaurs,” and share many unique features such as large claws, unusual, humped shoulder blades, opposable fingers, and prehensile tails. Many of these structures appear to be well-suited for climbing, and the scientific community generally considers drepanosaurs to be arboreal. My new specimen, however, is more complete than previous discoveries have been, and it includes skeletal features that could indicate a digging lifestyle. Digging and climbing are on opposite ends of the behavioral spectrum, so my study seeks …

Go to article

Sound Reduction In Protheses For Developing Countries, Ashlie Burton, Lawrence Rees Mar 2015

Sound Reduction In Protheses For Developing Countries, Ashlie Burton, Lawrence Rees

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Introduction 2ft Prosthetics has been making below-the-knee prostheses for developing countries since 2010. While these feet have been helpful, improvements should be made to the design. One of the common complaints about the PVC foot was the amount of noise created during gait. The purpose of this project was to research different sound reduction designs for the PVC prosthesis. Initially two designs were drafted, out of the two, one was built and tested.

Go to article

Improvement Of Atomic Layer Deposition Techniques Of Tungsten Using Hydrogen As A Reducing Agent, Jason Kyle Anderson, Dr. David Allred Mar 2015

Improvement Of Atomic Layer Deposition Techniques Of Tungsten Using Hydrogen As A Reducing Agent, Jason Kyle Anderson, Dr. David Allred

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Introduction: Traditional micro fabrication processes are confined to a small subset of possible materials due to limitations on etching. They are also confined to low aspect ratio fabrication due to limits in both etching process and stability of thicker film deposition processes. Carbon Nanotube Templated Microfabrication (CNT-M) technology has introduced a dramatically different approach to micro fabrication that fabricates without significant etching processes and achieves thick features with the equivalent of thin depositions. This is achieved by forming the desired structure in carbon nanotubes and then filling, or infiltrating, that structure with the material of choice. Optimal materials infiltration for …

Go to article

Psycholinguistic Study: Deaf Children Vs. Codas And Language Comprehension, Amber Smith, Michael Jones Mar 2015

Psycholinguistic Study: Deaf Children Vs. Codas And Language Comprehension, Amber Smith, Michael Jones

Journal of Undergraduate Research

This project will use an EEG to differentiate brain response to given stimuli between deaf and CODA (children of deaf adults) participants. This project is simple in nature, we will administer two tests: one in ASL and one in English, while the participant is wearing the EEG. We will then analyze and compare the data between the two groups.

Go to article

Radio Emission Toward Regions Of Massive Star Formation In The Large Magellanic Cloud, Adam Johanson Mar 2015

Radio Emission Toward Regions Of Massive Star Formation In The Large Magellanic Cloud, Adam Johanson

Theses and Dissertations

Four regions of massive star formation in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) were observed for water and methanol maser emission and radio continuum emission. A total of 42 radio detections were made including 27 new radio sources, four water masers, and eight compact HII regions. The lobes of a radio galaxy were resolved for the first time, and the host galaxy identified. Seven sources were associated with known massive young stellar objects (YSOs). A multi-wavelength analysis using both the infrared and radio spectrum was used to characterize the sources. Mid-infrared color-magnitude selection criteria for ultracompact HII (UCHII) regions in the …

Go to article

Optimization Of Nonadsorptive Polymerized Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate As A Material For Microfluidics And Sensor Integration, Chad Rogers Mar 2015

Optimization Of Nonadsorptive Polymerized Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate As A Material For Microfluidics And Sensor Integration, Chad Rogers

Theses and Dissertations

Microfluidics is a continually growing field covering a wide range of applications, such as cellular analysis, biomarker quantification, and drug discovery; but in spite of this, the field of microfluidics remains predominately academic. New materials are pivotal in providing tailored properties to improve device integration and decrease prototype turnaround times. In biosensing, nonspecific adsorption in microfluidic systems can deplete target molecules in solution and prevent analytes, especially those at low concentrations, from reaching the detector. Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) mixed with photoinitiator forms, on exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, a polymer with inherent resistance to nonspecific adsorption. Optimization of the …

Go to article

Judicious Use Of Communication For Inherently Parallel Optimization, Andrew W. Mcnabb Mar 2015

Judicious Use Of Communication For Inherently Parallel Optimization, Andrew W. Mcnabb

Theses and Dissertations

Function optimization---finding the minimum or maximum of a given function---is an extremely challenging problem with applications in physics, economics, machine learning, engineering, and many other fields. While optimization is an active area of research, only a portion of this work acknowledges parallel computation, which is now widely available. Today, anyone with a modest budget can buy a cluster with hundreds of cores, pay for access to a supercomputer with thousands of processors, or at least purchase a laptop with 8 cores. Thus, an algorithm that works well in serial but cannot be parallelized is needlessly inefficient in real-life computationalenvironments.We address …

Go to article

A Mathematical Model Of Amoeboid Cell Motion As A Continuous-Time Markov Process, Lynnae Despain Mar 2015

A Mathematical Model Of Amoeboid Cell Motion As A Continuous-Time Markov Process, Lynnae Despain

Theses and Dissertations

Understanding cell motion facilitates the understanding of many biological processes such as wound healing and cancer growth. Constructing mathematical models that replicate amoeboid cell motion can help us understand and make predictions about real-world cell movement. We review a force-based model of cell motion that considers a cell as a nucleus and several adhesion sites connected to the nucleus by springs. In this model, the cell moves as the adhesion sites attach to and detach from a substrate. This model is then reformulated as a random process that tracks the attachment characteristic (attached or detached) of each adhesion site, the …

Go to article

Simulations Of Electron Trajectories In An Intense Laser Focus For Photon Scattering Experiments, Grayson J. Tarbox Mar 2015

Simulations Of Electron Trajectories In An Intense Laser Focus For Photon Scattering Experiments, Grayson J. Tarbox

Theses and Dissertations

An experiment currently underway at BYU is designed to test whether the size of a free electron wave packet affects the character of scattered radiation. Using a semi-classical argument wherein the wave packet is treated as a diffuse charge distribution, one would expect strong suppression of radiation in the direction perpendicular to the propagating field as the wave packet grows in size to be comparable to the wavelength of the driving field. If one disallows the interaction of the wave packet with itself, as is the case when calculating the rate of emission using QED, then regardless of size, the …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last