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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Coverage Path Planning Algorithm Based On Centroidal Power Diagram, Liping Zheng, Yajun Cheng, Lu Chang, Ting Liao Jun 2020

Coverage Path Planning Algorithm Based On Centroidal Power Diagram, Liping Zheng, Yajun Cheng, Lu Chang, Ting Liao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Coverage path-planning algorithm is widely used in mobile sensor networks, multi-robot system, and other fields. The coverage path planning algorithm based on CCCPD(Centroidal Capacity Constrained Power Diagram) was studied. The classical Lloyd based generating method for Centroidal Power Diagram was extended to PD-Lloyd algorithm, which could be used for path-planning. Two optimizing strategies were proposed to enhance the credibility of the PD-Lloyd algorithm by considering the physical moving characteristics of individuals in the real scene. Experiments prove that the proposed algorithm has advantages of well stability and inherent collision-free characteristic, and can generate more optimal motion path.


Analysis Of Static Equilibrium Workspace For Under-Constrainted Cable-Driven System With Multi-Robots, Zhigang Zhao, Li Wei, Youde Li, Yanlin Wang, Ma Yan Jun 2020

Analysis Of Static Equilibrium Workspace For Under-Constrainted Cable-Driven System With Multi-Robots, Zhigang Zhao, Li Wei, Youde Li, Yanlin Wang, Ma Yan

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: For the under-constrainted system that multi-robots tow the payload by cables, which does not meet the condition of force closure and equations are generally not compatible, so the accurate workspace can't be found out. The static equilibrium equation of the system was established, and then the least squares principle combined with the Monte-Carlo method was put forward. When the movement is low speed or quasi static for the payload, the approximate static equilibrium workspace can be found out quickly and the expression of the cable tension is given by using the normal equations and QR decomposition respectively. When position …


Online Optimal Control Method Of Conveyor-Serviced Batch Processing System, Wu Song, Tang Hao, Tan Qi Jun 2020

Online Optimal Control Method Of Conveyor-Serviced Batch Processing System, Wu Song, Tang Hao, Tan Qi

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In conveyor-serviced batch processing system, jobs arrive dynamically and are stored in a buffer to be further processed by the batch processing machine. Under the cases of non-identical job sizes, online optimal control of the system with a single machine was mainly concerned. Optimization model of the system was built by using look-ahead range as control variable. The objective is to maximize the job processing rate of the system in infinite horizon. Two decision processes are included in the model, which are batching process and action-selection process. For the batching process, the rule of minimizing process-capacity wasting ratio of …


Co-Design Between New Event-Triggered Communication Scheme And Less Conservative Robust H Fault-Tolerant Control For Networked Control Systems, Li Wei, Pengfei Zhai, Yajie Li Jun 2020

Co-Design Between New Event-Triggered Communication Scheme And Less Conservative Robust H∞ Fault-Tolerant Control For Networked Control Systems, Li Wei, Pengfei Zhai, Yajie Li

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Based on the analysis for the disadvantage of the current discrete event-triggered communication schemes, a new kind of event-triggered communication scheme constrained by transient and stead-state process was proposed to perfect the conservatism and isolation of the fault-tolerant controller. A closed-loop failure model which was concerned with state-error was established for networked control system. Using the improved Wirtinger's inequality and the improved reciprocally convex combination inequality, the co-design between new event-triggered communication scheme and less conservative robust H fault-tolerant control for networked control systems was focused on. The simulation results show that the new discrete event-triggered …


Modeling And Simulation Of Hvdc Systems By Three-Phase Dynamic Phasor, Yunhao Zhao, Chongru Liu, Gengyin Li, Feilong Yun Jun 2020

Modeling And Simulation Of Hvdc Systems By Three-Phase Dynamic Phasor, Yunhao Zhao, Chongru Liu, Gengyin Li, Feilong Yun

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A three-phase dynamic phasor (TPDP) model of High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems was proposed. The proposed model could rapidly solve the dynamic characteristics of HVDC systems for AC system symmetrical and asymmetrical operating conditions. Switch functions model of converter was enhanced according to commutation process analysis of the converter. Due to the frequency characteristics analysis results, the TPDP model of HVDC systems with the converter, DC line and controller were established through dynamic phasor theory. Simulation results show that the proposed model is effective and acceptable..


Simulation Of Ultrasonic Shear Wave Imaging In Detection Of Liver Rupture, Yu Jiao, Erwei Nie, Yanying Zhu Jun 2020

Simulation Of Ultrasonic Shear Wave Imaging In Detection Of Liver Rupture, Yu Jiao, Erwei Nie, Yanying Zhu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Ultrasonic shear wave imaging technology provides the elastic information of the soft tissue by examining the propagation of the shear waves in the tissue. The possibility of using ultrasonic shear wave imaging technology combined with a directional filter for the detection of liver rupture was explored. The COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to simulate the generation and propagation of the shear waves in the liver medium with a rupture, a directional filter-based algorithm was applied to separate the incident wave and reflected wave, and an edge detection algorithm was applied to detect and delineate the liver rupture. Preliminary results …


Localization Method Based On Modified Cuckoo Difference Optimization For Wireless Sensor Networks, Dengfeng Liu, Zhang Li, Xiaoying Bing, Yuqian Shao, Baoguo Xu Jun 2020

Localization Method Based On Modified Cuckoo Difference Optimization For Wireless Sensor Networks, Dengfeng Liu, Zhang Li, Xiaoying Bing, Yuqian Shao, Baoguo Xu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To solve the sensitive and accumulative ranging error issue in the trilateration method and the maximum likelihood estimation method for the DV-Hop localization algorithm, an algorithm based on the Cuckoo difference optimization was proposed. The proposed algorithm essentially turned the positioning calculation problem into a group optimization problem. Using the Cuckoo algorithm and the differential evolution algorithm for parallel optimization with double populations, the proposed algorithm fused the advantages of the two kinds of intelligent optimization algorithms, which dynamically rectified the abandoned factor and the scaled variation factor randomly at the same time. The Cuckoo differential evolution algorithm's global …


Evaluation Method Research For Coal Mine Services Policy, Xue Xiao, Bin Gui, Yongmao Wang Jun 2020

Evaluation Method Research For Coal Mine Services Policy, Xue Xiao, Bin Gui, Yongmao Wang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Mine service is the integration of the package which is based on a number of existing information system, the operation effect of service strategy directly determines the overall performance of the service system. However, due to the complexity of coal mine accidents and the special of mine environment, testing and evaluation of service strategy is very difficult in the actual environment. In order to solve this problem, an integrated evaluation method of coal mine service policy was proposed based on computational experiment. This method could be divided into three steps: the adaptive service strategy of service system in the …


Analysis And Design Of Lfc System With Governor Dead-Band Via Generalized Active Disturbance Rejection Control, Shuaibing Chang, Tan Wen, Zhiyong Zeng Jun 2020

Analysis And Design Of Lfc System With Governor Dead-Band Via Generalized Active Disturbance Rejection Control, Shuaibing Chang, Tan Wen, Zhiyong Zeng

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To eliminate the effect of the governor dead-band nonlinearities and guarantee the system stability, for load frequency control (LFC) of power systems with governor dead-band nonlinearity, the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) was adopted, and the effectiveness of the control method was verified through the describing function method. A linearized method of dead-band was proposed, and the generalized active disturbance rejection control (GADRC) was adopted. Further, an error compensation scheme was proposed to eliminate the dead-band nonlinearities effectively. Simulation results show that the proposed error compensation scheme can eliminate the dead-band nonlinearity effectively and guarantee the control performance of …


Modeling And Simulation Of Marine Traffic Macroscopic Flow Complexity, Yuanqiao Wen, Du Lei, Yamin Huang, Tengda Sun, Changshi Xiao, Chunhui Zhou Jun 2020

Modeling And Simulation Of Marine Traffic Macroscopic Flow Complexity, Yuanqiao Wen, Du Lei, Yamin Huang, Tengda Sun, Changshi Xiao, Chunhui Zhou

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To accurately describe the difficulty of cognitive traffic in the view of traffic managers, a method for quantitative calculation of marine traffic macroscopic flow complexity was proposed. The similar ships were cataloged into a traffic cluster; According to the historical traffic flow field by interpolation method, the aggregation complexity, the speed-diachronic complexity and the density-diachronic complexity were evaluated. The cognitive complexity was obtained by the marine traffic macroscopic flow complexity, showing the cognitive complexity in the macroscopic complexity map. The simulation experiment shows the macroscopic complexity model is available for demonstrating the distribution of complexity in space.


Wormhole Attack Detection Scheme Design In Zigbee Network, Yanqing Shi, Chen Wei, Bin Yu Jun 2020

Wormhole Attack Detection Scheme Design In Zigbee Network, Yanqing Shi, Chen Wei, Bin Yu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Wormhole attacks destroy the network topology, routing discovery and resource allocation in ZigBee network. A wormhole attack detection scheme was proposed, based on the definition of wormhole node, explicit wormhole node and implicit wormhole node. The scheme marked wormhole nodes by judging the matching between neighborhood and communication radius. On this basis, the scheme designed a type recognition mechanism of wormhole nodes. Safety analysis and experiment results show that the scheme detects wormhole attacks effectively with low communication overhead and computation cost.


Cohesion Based Algorithm To Manage Ids Alerts, Jinlei Huang, Hengjun Wang, Bin Yu Jun 2020

Cohesion Based Algorithm To Manage Ids Alerts, Jinlei Huang, Hengjun Wang, Bin Yu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: On the basis of intrusion taxonomies and semantic similarity, the concept of cluster cohesion as well as an algorithm was proposed to manage IDS alerts. Based on cohesion, the proposed approach used improved bisecting K-means to aggregate massive alerts, and extracted the abnormal alerts from clusters formed in aggregation. The experimental results show that the approach is effective in alerts aggregation and abnormal alerts detecting, and can generate understandable meta-alerts with higher accuracy.


Trajectory Optimization And Tracking Controller Based On Gauss Pseudo Spectral Method For Hypersonic Vehicle, Tao Chao Jun 2020

Trajectory Optimization And Tracking Controller Based On Gauss Pseudo Spectral Method For Hypersonic Vehicle, Tao Chao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: For a complex nonlinear mass dynamic model in the ascent stage for a hypersonic vehicle with multiple constrains including state constrains, control constrains, boundary constrains and path constrains, a trajectory optimization methodology based on Gauss Pseudo Spectral was proposed for the hypersonic vehicle. The optimal controller of the trajectory optimization results was chosen as the reference command. For the rigid body dynamics of the hypersonic vehicle, a nonlinear dynamic inverse control combined with PD control methodology was proposed to track the reference command. The simulation results demonstrate that, for the minimum fuel consuming trajectory optimization of the ascent …


Ble Key Agreement Scheme Based On Rssi Variation Trend, Xinghao Zhang, Yicai Huang, Bin Yu Jun 2020

Ble Key Agreement Scheme Based On Rssi Variation Trend, Xinghao Zhang, Yicai Huang, Bin Yu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Based on the variation trend of received signal strength index, a lightweight BLE key agreement scheme was proposed. Using adaptive frequency hopping, the variation of channel characteristics was strengthened. According to the randomness and reciprocity of BLE channel characteristics in coherence time, the RSSI of BLE signal was measured. And the real-time key was produced by calculating the variation trend. On the basis of experiments results, the randomness of key can be ensured, and a high key generation rate has been reached at the same time. The scheme can be applied to resource-constrained applications.


Frequency Diverse Array Radar For Range-Angle Estimation Based On Difference Co-Array, Huang Ling, Zhiming He, Li Xiang, Yang Fan Jun 2020

Frequency Diverse Array Radar For Range-Angle Estimation Based On Difference Co-Array, Huang Ling, Zhiming He, Li Xiang, Yang Fan

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Because of the coupling in range and angle responses, which could not estimate directly both the range and angle information of a target, a sub-array scheme of distance-angle joint estimation of a target for frequency diverse array (FDA) radar was proposed. The entire array was divided into two subarrays, which employed two different frequency offsets. For aperture extension, each subarray adopted difference co-array structure to provide O(N2)degrees of freedom by only N physical sensors when the second-order statistics of the received data was used. Therefore, the targets range and angle could be estimated directly …


Numerical Simulation On Hydraulic Characteristics Of Free Hydraulic Jump On Corrugated Beds Of Stilling Basin, Wenli Wei, Yunfei Hong, Yuling Liu Jun 2020

Numerical Simulation On Hydraulic Characteristics Of Free Hydraulic Jump On Corrugated Beds Of Stilling Basin, Wenli Wei, Yunfei Hong, Yuling Liu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The VOF (volume of fluid) method was applied to track the free water surface, and the RNG k–ε turbulent model was used to close the two-phase flow time-averaged equations. The conditions properties of free hydraulic jumps on corrugated beds with a stilling basin under 9 kinds of conditions were studied by numerical simulation. Simulation research results show: There are vortexes generated by corrugated beds surfaces, rotating in the clockwise direction. The pressure distribution on corrugated beds in hydraulic jump region appears a wavy change, and the difference between the pressure values at adjacent crest and trough gradually decreases along …


Precisely And Efficiently Vector Data Rendering Method In 3d Gis, Shanglin Li, Hu Xia, Xiaoping Liu Jun 2020

Precisely And Efficiently Vector Data Rendering Method In 3d Gis, Shanglin Li, Hu Xia, Xiaoping Liu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In the geographic information system (GIS), vector data has many important applications in such aspects as orientation space location and spatial analysis. It is essential to make 2D vector data overlay mapping to the 3d terrain accurately and efficiently in 3D GIS. A method based on dynamic vector texture pyramid was proposed to render vector data. The real-time generated vector texture block corresponding with the level of the pyramid according to the current view position. Vector data texture block and terrain block are one-to-one correspondence, then they are unified rendering. Unconstrained anisotropic texture filtering methods was used to reduce …


Modeling And Simulation Of Single Lane Taxi Boarding System Based On Queuing Theory, Sun Jian, Rijia Ding, Yanyan Chen Jun 2020

Modeling And Simulation Of Single Lane Taxi Boarding System Based On Queuing Theory, Sun Jian, Rijia Ding, Yanyan Chen

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Taxi pick-up area was described as a queuing system based on the GPSS language to establish a simulation model, to find out a new way to improve taxi traffic capacity. Vehicle release officer and passenger release officer were represented by logic switch object, such business logic as taxi producing, taxi entering, boarding, taxi leaving could be reappeared well in computer. The time which spent on the above processes were analysed and by video data. Multi wheel simulation experiments were carried out. Quantitative analysis was executed to find out how the traffic capacity are affected by the berth quantity and …


Redevelopment Of Fuel Cell Ground Vehicle Simulation Model Based On Advisor Software, Mingyu Huang, Zhang Zheng, Jiawen Deng, Qiongye Lu, Hongjun Ni, Yidan Zhou Jun 2020

Redevelopment Of Fuel Cell Ground Vehicle Simulation Model Based On Advisor Software, Mingyu Huang, Zhang Zheng, Jiawen Deng, Qiongye Lu, Hongjun Ni, Yidan Zhou

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Vehicle simulation software ADVISOR does not set a vehicle model and driving cycles which can be used to simulate ground vehicle. The fuel cell vehicle model was redeveloped in the software including changed parts parameters and driving cycles according the actual vehicles. The fault of battery control part and fuel cell power output limit part in the default control strategy was analyzed and modified. Through simulating, the results show that the redeveloped vehicle model can simulate on new driving cycles and control strategy is more reasonable. The verification module for control effects of the control strategy was set …


Efficient Resource Search Mechanism In Selfish Mobile Peer-To-Peer Network, Liu Hao, Xuelong Zhang Jun 2020

Efficient Resource Search Mechanism In Selfish Mobile Peer-To-Peer Network, Liu Hao, Xuelong Zhang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Because of the influence of node's own state and other factors, the node in mobile P2P network often shows the selfishness and resource preference, which greatly affects the resource search efficiency of the network system. Aiming at this problem, a novel resource search mechanism was proposed based cooperation degree of nodes in selfish mobile Peer-to-Peer network. In the search mechanism, through the comprehensive evaluation of the node's information forwarding rate, the overall similarity and the core degree, the node with the highest degree of cooperation was selected as the relay node for information forwarding. At the same time, through …


Research On Panoramic Image Mosaic Method Based On Camera Calibration, Jialin Ma, Jinming Zhang, Weixin Sun Jun 2020

Research On Panoramic Image Mosaic Method Based On Camera Calibration, Jialin Ma, Jinming Zhang, Weixin Sun

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A panoramic mosaic method was proposed based on camera calibration, geometric distortion correction and rotation transformation processing was done for stitching image, in order to improve the accuracy of image registration and panorama stitching quality. The homography was acquired by calculating the camera linear calibration, and the inside and outside parameters of the homography were separated. The radial distortion of the image was calculated by the inside parameters, and the image geometric distortion was corrected; a sequence of images was transformed in the same world coordinates using the external parameters; image registration was achieved accurately though the same name …


Woodcock Tracking Based Fast Monte Carlo Direct Volume Rendering Method, Shoudong Zhou Jun 2020

Woodcock Tracking Based Fast Monte Carlo Direct Volume Rendering Method, Shoudong Zhou

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Woodcock-Tracking sampling algorithm is a frequently applied ray sampling method, which plays an important role in optimizing the Monte Carlo direct volume rendering method. However, without considering the volume of color's variation in different region by using this method, the situation that region with great color's variation may only get a few samples was caused and the authenticity of volume data would be affected. Entropy to indicate color's variation in volume was introduced, an entropy based adaptive Woodcock-Tracking method was developed, which could sample more points in region with higher color's variation. To overcome biases caused by adaptive Woodcock-Tracking …


Real-Time Scheduling Algorithm Of Dynamic With Fault-Tolerant In Heterogeneous Distributed Systems, Chongjie Dong, Yuqiang Chen Jun 2020

Real-Time Scheduling Algorithm Of Dynamic With Fault-Tolerant In Heterogeneous Distributed Systems, Chongjie Dong, Yuqiang Chen

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The traditional heterogeneous distributed real-time scheduling algorithm didn't give consideration to the dynamic behavior of tasks. An aperiodic non-preemptible and heterogeneous distributed dynamic fault-tolerant model and presenting two fault-tolerant scheduling algorithms was proposed based on this model: DRFSA algorithm and DSFSA algorithm. DRFSA(Dynamic and Reliability-driven of hybrid with Fault-tolerant Scheduling Algorithm)algorithm is to improve the system reliability as the scheduling objective through the reasonable scheduling. DSFSA (Dynamic and Schedulability-driven of hybrid with Fault-tolerant Scheduling Algorithm) algorithm is to improve schedulability as the scheduling objective and tries to enhance the schedulability through less task execution time. Both algorithms can dispatch …


Research On Network-On-Chip Synthesis Flow Based On Hybrid Optimization Mapping Algorithm, Junyi Li, Yijun Liu, Le Jianliang Jun 2020

Research On Network-On-Chip Synthesis Flow Based On Hybrid Optimization Mapping Algorithm, Junyi Li, Yijun Liu, Le Jianliang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To solve the problem of particle swarm optimization algorithm, which is easy to fall into local optimum in network on chip mapping, a hybrid optimization mapping Algorithm based on particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm was proposed. It implemented GA and PSO separately with two groups, by the superior individuals from GA algorithm instead of the initial random particles from PSO algorithm, which not only maintained the diversity of the group but also improved search efficiency. Simulation results based on NS-2 show that the Network-on-Chip from the automatic generation tools have a good performance in network latency, throughput, and …


Novel Method On Features Tracking For Multi-Image Matching, Kaikai Jia, Zhenjie Zhang, Xiangyang Hao Jun 2020

Novel Method On Features Tracking For Multi-Image Matching, Kaikai Jia, Zhenjie Zhang, Xiangyang Hao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Considering the slow motion between adjacent frames in image sequence, optical flow can be applied on image matching. A novel method for multi-image matching based on features tracking was proposed. The algorithm tracked features between adjacent frames, combining with matching strategy and FB Error, to achieve fast and accurate matching. Multi-image matching was finished by tracking features between image sequence. The experimental results show that the novel algorithm improves the efficiency and ensure the accuracy.


Research On New Equalization Strategy For Series-Connected Battery Strings Based On Soc, Jianlong Huang, Tinglong Pan, Dinghui Wu Jun 2020

Research On New Equalization Strategy For Series-Connected Battery Strings Based On Soc, Jianlong Huang, Tinglong Pan, Dinghui Wu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The adjacent cells comparing strategy has a low energy transfer efficiency, and the MAX/MIN value strategy has a slow equalization speed. Then, a new equalization strategy was proposed to overcome above disadvantages, and the uniform of the SOC of the battery strings was used as the equalization goal in this strategy. The strategy used the estimation of the average balanced SOC as a reference, and controlled the switch states and the energy transfer direction of each equalizer, according to the energy distribution of the entire battery strings. With this strategy the unnecessary energy loss during energy transfer was reduced …


Model For Multi-Area Interaction Control Based On User Strategy, Gong Bi, Bin Yu Jun 2020

Model For Multi-Area Interaction Control Based On User Strategy, Gong Bi, Bin Yu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To solve the problem of multi-area interaction, a model based on user strategy was established. The structure of model was proposed according to security area and user strategy, and transfer path and relevant concept were put forward. The model was instantiated based on portable storage device, the multi-area interaction scene was set up, and the interaction controller structure was designed. Experiments were set up to simulate the host read/write memory process. By judging the host's read/write jurisdiction to memory partition and whether the transfer path can be arrived, the experimental results show that the model can realize interaction control …


Closed-Loop Feedback Simulation To Process Of Ram Blowout Preventer Shut-In Locking, Fangzhou Zhang, Ruixue Sun, Wenjing Zhang, Li Long, Li Qiang Jun 2020

Closed-Loop Feedback Simulation To Process Of Ram Blowout Preventer Shut-In Locking, Fangzhou Zhang, Ruixue Sun, Wenjing Zhang, Li Long, Li Qiang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Well control training was explained mainly by teacher in recent years. Virtual simulation made it difficult for students to understand the actual operation. Application of drilling well control simulation training system solved effectively the problem of the scene seldom repetition and high cost of well control training. For the simulation of the process of ram blowout preventer shut-in locking in the well controlled physical simulation training system, the stepping motor driver and the stepping motor were installed in ram blowout preventer, and locking operation of the lock device was realized by using speed and torque of the stepping motor …


Modeling Approach For Predictive Maintenance Scheduling Model Based On Variable Conversion, Mingyi You Jun 2020

Modeling Approach For Predictive Maintenance Scheduling Model Based On Variable Conversion, Mingyi You

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A modeling approach for predictive maintenance (PdM) scheduling model based on decision variable conversion was proposed. Based on the proposed approach, a PdM scheduling model could be established by replacing the time decision variable in the corresponding classical time-based preventive maintenance (PM) scheduling model with product condition variable(s) and checking the correlation of the model parameters, maintenance effect and maintenance constraints with product condition. Based on the proposed modeling approach, the application case study considered an unreported predictive maintenance model in which system benefit was correlated with its condition. The proposed approach used the existing PM scheduling …


Dynamic Simulation For Tethered Trailer Vehicle, Chen Ning, Hongchao Ma Jun 2020

Dynamic Simulation For Tethered Trailer Vehicle, Chen Ning, Hongchao Ma

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Tethered trailer vehicle is a non professional tractor that drags an unpowered vehicle with hemp rope. This conduct has many problems: poor operating stability, and high incidence of traffic accident. A nonlinear dynamic model for longitudinal, lateral, and yaw motions was developed. The model considers nonlinearity through a modified Dugoff's tire friction model, and is seven-degree-of-freedom. A new nonlinear tethered tractor-trailer combination model was created to simulate critical parameters which would cause unstable state. Then, a trailer front-wheel steering feedback control strategy was derived with the goal of improving stability and trajectory tracking feature of the tractor-trailer system. The …