Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Sign Patterns Of The Liouville Function And Mobius Function Over The Integers, Nelson Carella

Open Educational Resources

Let $x\geq1$ be a large number, and let $0\leq a_0

Comparing Geosciences-Related Engagement Generated During And After The Use Of Multiple Pedagogical Approaches: Animated Videos, Youtube, Interactive Educational Games, Group Discussion And Powerpoint Presentations, Andrew M. Singh, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Ality Aghedo, Jasmin Budhan, Belal A. Sayeed, B'Jorn K. Forde, Krishna Mahabir

Publications and Research

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased educators’ reliance on online learning tools such as Blackboard Collaborate Ultra and Zoom meetings to deliver geoscience-related lessons in real-time. Assessments were conducted using introduction to geology, environmental geology, and oceanography - part of the City University of New York's (CUNY) newly implemented pathways curriculum. These general education courses belong to scientific world and life and physical sciences category and are intended for seamless transfer between CUNY campuses. Students, however, have the option to disengage from participation. Students are able to disable microphones and cameras, as well as rely entirely on text-chat if they choose. …

Integrating Remote Digital Tools Into Post-Pandemic Geologic Fieldwork To Effectively Disseminate Content Delivery And Assist In Overall Understanding Of Various Geologic Phenomena: Summer 2022 Field Mapping Exercises, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

INTEGRATING REMOTE DIGITAL TOOLS INTO POST-PANDEMIC GEOLOGIC FIELDWORK TO EFFECTIVELY DISSEMINATE CONTENT DELIVERY AND ASSIST IN OVERALL UNDERSTANDING OF VARIOUS GEOLOGIC PHENOMENA: SUMMER 2022 FIELD MAPPING EXERCISES

SHAMI, Malek, BETHEL, Cherise, NUNEZ, Eddy, RAYHAN, Salam, KHANDAKER, Nazrul and CABAROY, Charren C.

Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. Vol 54, No. 5, https://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022AM-379779

SHAMI, Malek¹, BETHEL, Cherise², NUNEZ, Eddy³, RAYHAN, Salam³, KHANDAKER, Nazrul² and CABAROY, Charren C.¹, (1)Geology Discipline, AC-2F09, York College of CUNY, 9420 Guy R. Brewer Blvd., Jamaica, NY 11451, (2)Geology Discipline, York College of CUNY, …

Geochemical Analysis Of Recent Volcanic Ash Blanketing Barbados And Constraints On Magma Composition (V32e-0112), Nazrul I. Khandaker, Krishna Mahabir, Surendranauth Mahabir, Lloyd Kiefer, Juan C. Campo, Andrew M. Singh

Publications and Research

Preliminary field and geochemical investigations were conducted on ash samples from Barbados to chemically characterize and decipher magma chemistry associated with a recent volcanic event. A thick plume of volcanic ash from the La Soufriere Volcano in St Vincent, which erupted on April 9, 2021, caused lower visibility due to ash clouds which engulfed the region for some time. Three authors from the research team visited Barbados during the summer subsequent and completed a reconnaissance investigation on recent ashfall. St Vincent is a small volcanic island in the Eastern Caribbean and lies in the southern part of the Lesser Antilles …

Preliminary Geochemical And Mineralogical Assessment Of The Beach Sand, Vieques, Puerto Rico, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

PRELIMINARY GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE BEACH SAND, VIEQUES, PUERTO RICO

ROBBINS, Kathy H., KHANDAKER, Nazrul, SINGH, Andrew, and MUNRO, Toralv, Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, Vol 54, No. 5, https://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022AM-379886

ROBBINS, Kathy H., Bronx Early College Academy for Teaching and Learning, 250E 164 STREET, Bronx, NY 10456, KHANDAKER, Nazrul, Geology Discipline, York College of CUNY, 9420 Guy R Brewer Blvd, AC-2F09, Jamaica, NY 11451-0001, SINGH, Andrew, Earth and Physical Sciences, York College of CUNY, 9420 Guy R Brewer Blvd, AC-2F09, Jamaica, NY 11451-0001 and MUNRO, Toralv, 10911 164th St Apt 1, Jamaica, NY 11433-2921 …

Assessing Student Performance And Interest From The Start Of The Covid-19 Pandemic To Present Using Engagement, Attendance, And Grades As Indicators, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

ASSESSING STUDENT PERFORMANCE AND INTEREST FROM THE START OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC TO PRESENT USING ENGAGEMENT, ATTENDANCE, AND GRADES AS INDICATORS

SINGH, Andrew, KHANDAKER, Nazrul, ZARINE, Ali, ROBBINS, Kathy H., JACKSON, Shirley and AHMED, Masud,

Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs. Vol 54, No. 5, https://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022AM-379409

SINGH, Andrew¹, KHANDAKER, Nazrul², ZARINE, Ali³, ROBBINS, Kathy H.⁴, JACKSON, Shirley³ and AHMED, Masud⁵, (1)Earth and Physical Sciences, York College of CUNY, 9420 Guy R Brewer Blvd, AC-2F09, Jamaica, NY 11451-0001, (2)Geology Discipline, York College of CUNY, 9420 Guy R Brewer …

Assessing Vegetation Pattern Using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (Modis) Images Along The Western Coastal Area Of Bangladesh, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

ASSESSING VEGETATION PATTERN USING MODERATE RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER (MODIS) IMAGES ALONG THE WESTERN COASTAL AREA OF BANGLADESH

AKHI, Atika Rahman, AHMED, Asib, HASSAN, Muhammad Qumrul, and KHANDAKER, Nazrul

Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, Vol 54, No. 5, https://doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022AM-379769

AKHI, Atika Rahman, Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh, AHMED, Asib, Department of Geography and Environment, Dhaka University, Agargaon, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh, HASSAN, Muhammad Qumrul, Department of Geology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh and KHANDAKER, Nazrul, Geology Discipline, York College of CUNY, 9420 Guy R Brewer Blvd, AC-2F09, Jamaica, NY 11451-0001

The …

Changing Behavior Of Cyclone In Bangladesh And Its Risk Assessment For Adaptation, Sareea Rahman Heea, Muhammad Qumrul Hassan, Abdul Mannan, Nazrul I. Khandaker

Publications and Research

Tropical cyclone (TC) is one of the most crucial topics not only for the natural loss but also for physical and economical loss of any country. The Bay of Bengal (BoB) generates number of tropical cyclones in each year. Bangladesh also experiences a number of cyclones. The surface temperature of the sea and air temperature is observed from NOAA high resolution satellite image. The Sea Surface Temperature (SST) of about 27°C and its higher is one of the prerequisite conditions for formation of a TC. But SST has increased by 1.2°C since last 40 years. It can be settled that …

Artificial Intelligence And The Situational Rationality Of Diagnosis: Human Problem-Solving And The Artifacts Of Health And Medicine, Michael W. Raphael

Publications and Research

What is the problem-solving capacity of artificial intelligence (AI) for health and medicine? This paper draws out the cognitive sociological context of diagnostic problem-solving for medical sociology regarding the limits of automation for decision-based medical tasks. Specifically, it presents a practical way of evaluating the artificiality of symptoms and signs in medical encounters, with an emphasis on the visualization of the problem-solving process in doctor-patient relationships. In doing so, the paper details the logical differences underlying diagnostic task performance between man and machine problem-solving: its principle of rationality, the priorities of its means of adaptation to abstraction, and the effects …

Conflict Dynamics In Scale-Free Networks With Degree Correlations And Hierarchical Structure, Eduardo Jacobo-Villegas, Bibiana Obregón-Quintana, Lev Guzmán-Vargas, Larry S. Liebovitch

Publications and Research

We present a study of the dynamic interactions between actors located on complex networks with scale-free and hierarchical scale-free topologies with assortative mixing, that is, correlations between the degree distributions of the actors. The actor’s state evolves according to a model that considers its previous state, the inertia to change, and the influence of its neighborhood. We show that the time evolution of the system depends on the percentage of cooperative or competitive
interactions. For scale-free networks, we find that the dispersion between actors is higher when all interactions are either cooperative or competitive, while a balanced presence of interactions …

Understanding The Vulnerability Of Staten Island's Eastern Coastline From A Beach Morphology Perspective, Jane L. Alexander, Amaury Acevedo, Jacklyn Reiszel

Publications and Research

Staten Island’s beaches were shown to be vulnerable to storm surge during Hurricane Sandy, with severe inundation into neighborhoods along the eastern shoreline; the area chosen for this study, and the area in which the Army Corps of Engineers plan to start constructing a seawall. A preliminary survey in summer 2018 suggested that this shoreline is reflective - i.e., one that changes little over the course of a year, but which is vulnerable to erosion during major storm events. The current work is designed to test the hypothesis that this is a reflective shoreline by completing regular field surveys over …

Microstructural Origin Of The High-Energy Storage Performance In Epitaxial Lead-Free Ba(Zr 0.2 Ti 0.8 )O 3 Thick Films, Jun Ouyang, Xianke Wang, Changtao Shao, Hongbo Cheng, Hanfei Zhu, Yuhang Ren

Publications and Research

In our previous work, epitaxial Ba(Zr 0.2 Ti 0.8 )O 3 thick films (~1–2 μ m) showed an excellent energy storage performance with a large recyclable energy density (~58 J/cc) and a high energy efficiency (~92%), which was attributed to a nanoscale entangled heterophase polydomain structure. Here, we propose a detailed analysis of the structure–property relationship in these film materials, using an annealing process to illustrate the effect of nanodomain entanglement on the energy storage performance. It is revealed that an annealing-induced stress relaxation led to the segregation of the nanodomains (via detailed XRD analyses), and a degraded energy storage …

Small Molecule Modulation Of Microbiota: A Systems Pharmacology Perspective, Qiao Liu, Bohyun Lee, Lei Xie

Publications and Research

Background

Microbes are associated with many human diseases and influence drug efficacy. Small-molecule drugs may revolutionize biomedicine by fine-tuning the microbiota on the basis of individual patient microbiome signatures. However, emerging endeavors in small-molecule microbiome drug discovery continue to follow a conventional “one-drug-one-target-one-disease” process. A systematic pharmacology approach that would suppress multiple interacting pathogenic species in the microbiome, could offer an attractive alternative solution.

Results

We construct a disease-centric signed microbe–microbe interaction network using curated microbe metabolite information and their effects on host. We develop a Signed Random Walk with Restart algorithm for the accurate prediction of effect of microbes …

Web Design, Kwame A. Baffour

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Toward Informatics-Enabled Preparedness For Natural Hazards To Minimize Health Impacts Of Climate Change, Jimmy Phuong, Naomi O. Riches, Luca Calzoni, Gora Datta, Deborah Duran, Asiyah Yu Lin, Ramesh P. Singh, Anthony E. Solomonides, Noreen Y. Whysel, Ramakanth Kavuluru

Publications and Research

Natural hazards (NHs) associated with climate change have been increasing in frequency and intensity. These acute events impact humans both directly and through their effects on social and environmental determinants of health. Rather than relying on a fully reactive incident response disposition, it is crucial to ramp up preparedness initiatives for worsening case scenarios. In this perspective, we review the landscape of NH effects for human health and explore the potential of health informatics to address associated challenges, specifically from a preparedness angle. We outline important components in a health informatics agenda for hazard preparedness involving hazard-disease associations, social determinants …

Markovnikov Alcohols Via Epoxide Hydroboration By Molecular Alkali Metal Catalysts, Guoqi Zhang, Haisu Zeng, Shengping Zheng, Michelle C. Neary, Los Alamos National Laboratory

Publications and Research

Summary

Nmr Characterization Of Novel Materials For Battery Electrolyte Applications, Sahana Bhattacharyya

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The extensive application of renewable and non-renewable energy storage devices in commercial products and services and the global warming have created significant motivations to accelerate research in battery technology. In addition, the risk factors generated by the high heat generation and flammability of the batteries are being addressed by inventing new renewable or non-renewable energy resources that do not release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. This thesis discusses the applications of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy in characterizing and understanding novel battery materials as potential battery electrolytes. Works discussed include: the variable temperature characterization of water-based solid polymer electrolyte for …

Driven Dipolaritons In Van Der Waals Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Heterostructures: Properties And Applications, Patrick Serafin

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The need for advances in optical computation leads us toward the investigation of novel methods of re-routing light in optical circuits. The behavior and properties of electrically driven exciton-dipolaritons in van der Waals transition metal dichalcogenides are investigated as a platform for realizing working elements of a polaritronic transistor. In this work, we consider exciton-dipolaritons, which are three-way superposition of cavity photons, direct excitons, and indirect excitons in a bilayer semiconducting system embedded in an optical microcavity. We start by providing motivation for our study of polaritons and then survey the fundamental properties of exciton-dipolaritons. We also survey the basic …

Control Of Nonlinear Properties Of Van Der Waals Materials, Rezlind Bushati

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Van der Waals materials are a broad class of materials that exhibit unique optoelectronic properties. They provide a rich playground for which they can be integrated into current on-chip devices due to their nanometer-scale size, and be utilized for studying fundamental physics. Strong coupling of emitters to microcavities provides many opportunities for new exotic physics through the formation of hybrid quasi-particles exciton-polaritons. This thesis
focuses on exploring and enhancing nonlinearity of van der Waals materials through strongly coupling to microcavities. By taking advantage of the stacking order of TMDs, we show intense second-harmonic generation from bulk, centrosymmetric TMD systems. In …

Using Protonation Microstates And Hydrogen Bond Networks To Track Proton Transfer Pathways In Complex I, Umesh Khaniya

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Complex I, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, is the first enzyme in the mitochondrial and bacterial aerobic respiratory chain. It pumps four protons through four transiently open pathways from the high pH, negative, N- side of the membrane to the positive, P-side driven by the exergonic transfer of electrons from NADH to a quinone. Three protons transfer through subunits descended from Mrp antiporters, while the fourth, E-channel is unique. Because of the complex possible paths thorough the many buried polar residues and lack of high-resolution crystal structure, the path for protons through the E-channel is elusive.

In this dissertation, the E-channel proton pumping …

Finite Gaussian Neurons: Defending Against Adversarial Attacks By Making Neural Networks Say "I Don’T Know", Felix Grezes

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In this work, I introduce the Finite Gaussian Neuron (FGN), a novel neuron architecture for artificial neural networks aimed at protecting against adversarial attacks.
Since 2014, artificial neural networks have been known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which can fool the network into producing wrong or nonsensical outputs by making humanly imperceptible alterations to inputs. While defenses against adversarial attacks have been proposed, they usually involve retraining a new neural network from scratch, a costly task.

My works aims to:
- easily convert existing models to Finite Gaussian Neuron architecture,
- while preserving the existing model's behavior on real …

How Many Mutex Bugs Can A Simple Analysis Find In Go Programs?, Fumi Takeuchi, Hidehiko Masuhara, Raffi T. Khatchadourian, Youyou Cong, Keisuke Ishibashi

Publications and Research

In open-source software, it is known that there are many concurrency bugs. A previous study in Go revealed that a considerable number of such bugs are simple (for example, 9% of the bugs are the ones that forget to unlock a mutex,) through a manual program investigation. This paper tries to detect such bugs by applying a simple analysis to see how far such a tool can match the manual analysis. We built a simple intraprocedural control flow analysis in Go, and evaluated its performance concerning the open source programs with concurrency bugs reported in the previous study. Consequently, as …

Magnetic Field Effects On The Physics Of Neutron Stars, Aric A. Hackebill

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In the context of neutron stars (NS), dense-magnetized quark and hadron models have been well studied under the assumption that the system's pressures are isotropic. However, the pressures determined from semi-classical statistical averaging of the energy momentum tensor in the presence of a uniform background magnetic field are anisotropic with different pressures arising along and perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. Since large magnetic fields are expected to be present in the interior of NS, it is important to understand the roll the pressure anisotropy plays. While considering the pressure anisotropy, we revisit some important calculations in NS physics.

We …

Generalization Of Bi-Canonical Degrees, Joseph Brennan, Laura Ghezzi, Jooyoun Hong, Wolmer Vasconcelos

Publications and Research

We discuss invariants of Cohen-Macaulay local rings that admit a canonical module ω. Attached to each such ring R, when ω is an ideal, there are integers–the type of R, the reduction number of ω–that provide valuable metrics to express the deviation of R from being a Gorenstein ring. In (Ghezzi et al. in JMS 589:506–528, 2017) and (Ghezzi et al. in JMS 571:55–74, 2021) we enlarged this list with the canonical degree and the bi-canonical degree. In this work we extend the bi-canonical degree to rings where ω is not necessarily an ideal. We also discuss generalizations to rings …

Towards Explaining Variation In Entrainment, Andreas Weise

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Entrainment refers to the tendency of human speakers to adapt to their interlocutors to become more similar to them. This affects various dimensions and occurs in many contexts, allowing for rich applications in human-computer interaction. However, it is not exhibited by every speaker in every conversation but varies widely across features, speakers, and contexts, hindering broad application. This variation, whose guiding principles are poorly understood even after decades of entrainment research, is the subject of this thesis. We begin with a comprehensive literature review that serves as the foundation of our own work and provides a reference to guide future …

Asymptotic Classes, Pseudofinite Cardinality And Dimension, Alexander Van Abel

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

We explore the consequences of various model-theoretic tameness conditions upon the behavior of pseudofinite cardinality and dimension. We show that for pseudofinite theories which are either Morley Rank 1 or uncountably categorical, pseudofinite cardinality in ultraproducts satisfying such theories is highly well-behaved. On the other hand, it has been shown that pseudofinite dimension is not necessarily well-behaved in all ultraproducts of theories which are simple or supersimple; we extend such an observation by constructing simple and supersimple theories in which pseudofinite dimension is necessarily ill-behaved in all such ultraproducts. Additionally, we have novel results connecting various forms of asymptotic classes …

Catalyzed And Uncatalyzed N1 Modifications Of Inosine And 2'-Deoxyinosine And N-Directed Remote Aroylation Of C6-Aryl Purine Nucleosides, Casina Malinchak

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Nucleosides, and their analogs, are important biological molecules that are integral to cell signaling, metabolism, and DNA and RNA synthesis. Because of their presence in all living systems, they are ideal candidates for drug development. Although extensive literature exists on the alkylation and alkenylation at N1 of inosine and 2’-deoxyinosine, few reports have been published on arylation at this position. Using diaryliodonium salts, a copper-catalyzed method has been developed for the efficient N1-arylation of silyl group-protected inosine and 2’-deoxyinosine. Diaryliodonium salts are easily synthesized and allow for the use of mild conditions to promote transfer of aryl groups to the …

The Microscopical Evidence Traces Analysis Of Household Dust And Its Statistical Significance As A Definitive Identification Technique, Stephanie Polifroni

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Evidence found at crime scenes is used to assist in creating a link the suspect, the victim, and the scene. As stated by the Locard’s Principle, every contact leaves a trace, that evidence can be used to link together an investigation. Traces are collected in hopes that they can be identified and associated to an individual or individuals to help solve that particular crime. However, the strongest conclusion for evidence traces is an association to a source, and unless a physical match of some kind is found, an individualization cannot be established even when known sample is available. However, having …

Application Of Peo-Ppo-Peo Triblock Copolymers In Synthesis Of Silica And Organosilica Nanomaterials, Shu Zhang

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In this dissertation, the research work focused on the application of Pluronic triblock copolymers, poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO), in the synthesis of mesoporous material, such as double-helical silica nanotube structures as well as bridged organosilica nanotubes by using swollen micelles of Pluronic surfactants and their mixtures. Chapter 1 introduced the background and several important mesoporous structures, and the relevant topics in this dissertation, such as, silica nanotubes, helical silica nanotubes, silica vesicles and organosilica nanotubes. Chapter 2, continued research works from earlier published paper (ACS Nano 2021, 15, 1016-1029), discussed static treatment and stirring effect on the formation of …

The Local Lifting Problem For Curves With Quaternion Actions, George Mitchell

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The lifting problem asks whether one can lift Galois covers of curves defined over positive characteristic to Galois covers of curves over characteristic zero. The lifting problem has an equivalent local variant, which asks if a Galois extension of complete discrete valuation rings over positive characteristic, with algebraically closed residue field, can be lifted to characteristic zero. In this dissertation, we content ourselves with the study of the local lifting problem when the prime is 2, and the Galois group of the extension is the group of quaternions. In this case, it is known that certain quaternion extensions cannot be …