Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Quan 201: Quantitative Reasoning And Society, Cuny School Of Professional Studies

Open Educational Resources

An interdisciplinary introduction to the ways in which data can be used to enhance thinking and decision-making capacities, including using simple statistical techniques, creating visual representations of quantitative data, deriving accurate conclusions from quantitative data, and using data effectively in analyses and arguments. Assignments build capacity to evaluate and write clearly about quantitative evidence using methods for analyzing and communicating about data that do not require complex mathematics.

Ast 101: Introductory Astronomy, Cuny School Of Professional Studies

Open Educational Resources

An exploration of our solar system’s creation and the planets in our solar system using the latest scientific information, recent probe data, and new discoveries in the science of extra-solar planetary astronomy. This course is based in part upon materials developed by the American Museum of Natural History and is used with permission by the School of Professional Studies for this course.

Math 215: Introduction To Statistics, Cuny School Of Professional Studies

Open Educational Resources

Introduces the basic principles of statistics and probability, with an emphasis on understanding the underlying concepts, real-world applications, and the underlying story that the numbers tell. Uses Microsoft Excel’s statistical functions to analyze data. Provides an introduction to probability, descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, and inferential statistics.

Math 102: Mathematics In Contemporary Society, Cuny School Of Professional Studies

Open Educational Resources

Designed to provide students with an understanding of the mathematical ideas and methods found in the social sciences, the arts, and business, this course covers the fundamentals of statistics, scatter plots, graphics in the media, problem-solving strategies, dimensional analysis, and mathematical modeling. Students can expect to explore real world applications.

The Beauty Of Bézier Curves, Qing Chen, Ariane Masuda

Publications and Research

It is very difficult for ordinary people to become excellent painters like Picasso. In contemporary society, everyone has a computer, but no one associates painting with computers. This project aims to show that one can use computer tools to connect mathematics with art. We use Krita, which is a professional free, and open-source painting program made by artists to create digital art. We demonstrate how the Bezier curve pen tool in Krita can help anyone to ́ draw paintings such as Picasso’s cubist oil paintings on a computer in a relatively short time.

Math 120 Precalculus Review, York College Math 120 Students, Virginia L. Thompson

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Bézier Curves, Qing Chen, Ariane Masuda

Publications and Research

Drawing on a computer using a mouse is quite different than drawing by hand. It can be challenging to use a mouse to even simply trace a line. If the drawing involves several lines and curves, the task becomes more complicated. The goal of this project is to show how to design beautiful artworks using Bézier curves. A Bézier curve is a smooth parametric curve produced by the coordinates of certain points. To draw a specific curve, one needs to select multiple control points positioned in strategic places. By changing these positions, one can draw different curves to produce the …

Survey On Quantum Circuit Compilation For Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum Computers: Artificial Intelligence To Heuristics, Janusz Kusyk, Samah Mohamed Saeed, Muharrem Umit Uyar

Publications and Research

Computationally expensive applications, including machine learning, chemical simulations, and financial modeling, are promising candidates for noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) computers. In these problems, one important challenge is mapping a quantum circuit onto NISQ hardware while satisfying physical constraints of an underlying quantum architecture. Quantum circuit compilation (QCC) aims to generate feasible mappings such that a quantum circuit can be executed in a given hardware platform with acceptable confidence in outcomes. Physical constraints of a NISQ computer change frequently, requiring QCC process to be repeated often. When a circuit cannot directly be executed on a quantum hardware due to its …

Alternative View Of Oxygen Reduction On Porous Carbon Electrocatalysts: The Substance Of Complex Oxygen-Surface Interactions, Giacomo De Falco, Marc Florent, Jacek Jagiello, Yongqiang Cheng, Luke L. Daemen, Anibal J. Ramirez-Cuesta, Teresa J. Bandosz

Publications and Research

Electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is an important energy-related process requiring alternative catalysts to expensive platinum-based ones. Although recently some advancements in carbon catalysts have been reported, there is still a lack of understanding which surface features might enhance their efficiency for ORR. Through a detailed study of oxygen adsorption on carbon molecular sieves and using inelastic neutron scattering, we demonstrated here that the extent of oxygen adsorption/interactions with surface is an important parameter affecting ORR. It was found that both the strength of O2 physical adsorption in small pores and its specific interactions with surface ether functionalities in the …

Dipolariton Propagation In A Van Der Waals Tmdc With Ψ-Shaped Channel Guides And Buffered Channel Branches, Patrick Serafin, German Kolmakov

Publications and Research

Using a computational approach based on the driven diffusion equation for a dipolariton wave packet, we simulate the diffusive dynamics of dipolaritons in an optical microcavity embedded with a transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) heterogeneous bilayer encompassing a Ψ-shaped channel. By considering exciton dipolaritons, which are a three way superposition of direct excitons, indirect excitons and cavity photons; we are able to drive the dipolaritons in our system by the use of an electric voltage and investigate their diffusive properties. More precisely, we study the propagation of dipolaritons present in a MoSe₂-WS₂ heterostructure, where the dipolariton propagation is …

A Deep Learning Approach To Diagnostic Classification Of Prostate Cancer Using Pathology–Radiology Fusion, Pegah Khosravi, Maria Lysandrou, Mahmoud Eljalby, Qianzi Li, Ehsan Kazemi, Pantelis Zisimopoulos, Alexandros Sigaras, Matthew Brendel, Josue Barnes, Camir Ricketts, Dmitry Meleshko, Andy Yat, Timothy D. Mcclure, Brian D. Robinson, Andrea Sboner, Olivier Elemento, Bilal Chughtai, Iman Hajirasouliha

Publications and Research

Background

A definitive diagnosis of prostate cancer requires a biopsy to obtain tissue for pathologic analysis, but this is an invasive procedure and is associated with complications.

Purpose

To develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based model (named AI-biopsy) for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer using magnetic resonance (MR) images labeled with histopathology information.

Study Type

Retrospective.

Population

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data sets from 400 patients with suspected prostate cancer and with histological data (228 acquired in-house and 172 from external publicly available databases).

Field Strength/Sequence

1.5 to 3.0 Tesla, T2-weighted image pulse sequences.

Assessment

MR images reviewed and selected …

Covid-19 And Knowledge Based Computation, Rohit J. Parikh

Publications and Research

The problem of dealing with Covid-19, until a vaccine is universally administered, is to decrease the rate of transmission while getting some social and economic activity going.

Infection passes from one person A to another person B when A is infected and B is susceptible. That is to say that B is not infected and not yet immune.

Social activity also takes place when one person interacts with another. Perhaps A is a taxpayer and B is a tax consultant. Then filing the tax return may take the form of the two of them meeting. Much can be done electronically …

Superfluid Swimmers, German Kolmakov, Igor S. Aranson

Publications and Research

The propulsion of living microorganisms ultimately relies on viscous drag for body-fluid interactions. The self-locomotion in superfluids such as ⁴He is deemed impossible due to the apparent lack of viscous resistance. Here, we investigate the self-propulsion of a Janus (two-face) light-absorbing particle suspended in superfluid helium ⁴He (He-II). The particle is energized by the heat flux due to the absorption of light from an external source. We show that a quantum mechanical propulsion force originates due to the transformation of the superfluid to a normal fluid on the heated particle face. The theoretical analysis is supported by the …

Diurnal Cycle Of Passive Microwave Brightness Temperatures Over Land At A Global Scale, Zahra Sharifnezhad, Hamid Norouzi, Satya Prakash, Reginald Blake, Reze Khanbilvard

Publications and Research

Satellite-borne passive microwave radiometers provide brightness temperature (TB) measurements in a large spectral range which includes a number of frequency channels and generally two polarizations: horizontal and vertical. These TBs are widely used to retrieve several atmospheric and surface variables and parameters such as precipitation, soil moisture, water vapor, air temperature profile, and land surface emissivity. Since TBs are measured at different microwave frequencies with various instruments and at various incidence angles, spatial resolutions, and radiometric characteristics, a mere direct integration of them from different microwave sensors would not necessarily provide consistency. However, when appropriately harmonized, they can provide a …

Triplet 23S State Of A Quantum Dot In A Magnetic Field: A 'Quantal Newtonian' First Law Study, Marlina Slamet, Viraht Sahni

Publications and Research

The triplet 2³S state of a 2-electron 2-dimensional quantum dot in a magnetic field is studied via a complementary perspective of Schrödinger-Pauli theory. The perspective is that of the individual electron via its equation of motion or ‘Quantal Newtonian’ first law. According to the law, each electron experiences an external and internal field, the sum of which vanishes. The external field is the sum of the binding and Lorentz fields. The internal field is a sum of the electron-interaction, kinetic, differential density, and internal magnetic fields. The energy is expressed in integral virial form in terms of these …

Exploring The Silent Aspect Of Carbon Nanopores, Teresa J. Bandosz

Publications and Research

Recently, owing to the discovery of graphene, porous carbons experienced a revitalization in their explorations. However, nowadays, the focus is more on search for suitable energy advancing catalysts sensing, energy storage or thermal/light absorbing features than on separations. In many of these processes, adsorption, although not emphasized sufficiently, can be a significant step. It can just provide a surface accumulation of molecules used in other application-driving chemical or physical phenomena or can be even an additional mechanism adding to the efficiency of the overall performance. However, that aspect of confined molecules in pores and their involvement in the overall performance …

Molecular Speciation Of Size Fractionated Particulate Water-Soluble Organic Carbon By Two-Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr) Spectroscopy, Marie-Cecile Chalbot, Salma Siddiqui, Ilias G. Kavouras

Publications and Research

Particulate matter is associated with increased morbidity and mortality; its effects depend on particle size and chemical content. It is important to understand the composition and resultant toxicological profile of particulate organic compounds, the largest and most complex fraction of particulate matter. The objective of the study was to delineate the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral fingerprint of the biologically relevant water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) fraction of size fractionated urban aerosol. A combination of one and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy methods was used. The size distribution of particle mass, water-soluble extract, non-exchangeable organic hydrogen functional types and specific biomarkers such as …

Csci 40500/77100: Software Engineering, Raffi T. Khatchadourian

Open Educational Resources

This course is intended to be an introductory survey on the fundamental concepts and principles that underlie current and emerging methods, tools, and techniques for the efficient engineering of high-quality software systems. This may include understanding and appreciating problems in large-scale software development such as functional analysis of information processing systems, system design concepts, timing estimates, documentation, and system testing.

Csci 40500/77100: Software Engineering, Raffi T. Khatchadourian

Open Educational Resources

This course is intended to be an introductory survey on the fundamental concepts and principles that underlie current and emerging methods, tools, and techniques for the efficient engineering of high-quality software systems. This may include understanding and appreciating problems in large-scale software development such as functional analysis of information processing systems, system design concepts, timing estimates, documentation, and system testing.

Vibration Of A Cantilever Laboratory, Mark D. Shattuck

Open Educational Resources

Hands on laboratory to measure the vibrational frequencies of a cantilever.

Follow this hyperlink for quick access to activity

A New Feature Selection Method Based On Class Association Rule, Sami A. Al-Dhaheri

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Feature selection is a key process for supervised learning algorithms. It involves discarding irrelevant attributes from the training dataset from which the models are derived. One of the vital feature selection approaches is Filtering, which often uses mathematical models to compute the relevance for each feature in the training dataset and then sorts the features into descending order based on their computed scores. However, most Filtering methods face several challenges including, but not limited to, merely considering feature-class correlation when defining a feature’s relevance; additionally, not recommending which subset of features to retain. Leaving this decision to the end-user may …

Microstructural Characteristics Of Deformed Quartz Under Non-Steady-State Conditions, Hamidreza Soleymani

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Because of the long timescale of many geological processes (millions of years), it has been traditionally assumed that the existing forces acting on the rocks at deep crustal levels are in equilibrium (i.e., steady-state). An alternative assumption, however, suggests that rocks in the lower crust and upper mantle are continuously evolving and exchanging energy at various time scales. Under the latter assumption (i.e., non-steady-state), certain geologic systems may never attain equilibrium regardless of the length and the time scale of operating geologic events. These two “endpoint” assumptions suggest there is a wide range of geologically reasonable conditions under which rocks …

Interactions Of Organic Fluorophores With Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonances, Robert J. Collison

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

It is common knowledge that metals, alloys and pure elements alike, are lustrous and reflective, the more so when a metal surface is flat, polished, and free from oxidation and surface fouling. However, some metals reflect visible light, in the 380 nm to 740 nm range of wavelengths, much more strongly than others. In particular, some metals reflect wavelengths in certain portions of the ultraviolet (UV), visible, and near-infrared (NIR) regime, let us say 200 nm to 2000 nm, while absorbing light strongly in other segments of this range. There are several factors that account for this difference between various …

Mechanism Of Action Of Dihydropteridine Reductase, Gabriela Arias De La Rosa

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Human dihydropteridine reductase is an enzyme that transfers a hydride from NADH to reduce quinonoid 7,8-dihydropterin (qBH₂) to 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin (BH₄), which is a cofactor important in the production of neurotransmitters.DHPR deficiency causes a drastic form of the neurological genetic disease phenylketonuria (PKU) that does not benefit from a phenylalanine-free diet.From site-directed mutagenesis studies, mostly on Rat DHPR, we know that certain residues are important for cofactor binding, substrate binding, and hydride transfer; however, there are still some questions about how DHPR works, particularly, because there is not a crystal structure of the tertiary complex: What is …

Role Of Protonation State Changes And Hydrogen Bonding Around The Oxygen Evolving Complex Of Photosystem Ii, Divya Matta

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The mechanism of natural photosynthesis involves the use of solar energy to produce O₂ we breathe and food and fuel we intake. This process results in the biological oxidation of water that takes place at room temperature, neutral pH using earth abundant elements Ca and Mn. Understanding how this challenging chemical reaction occurs in photosynthesis can be useful for designing better artificial photosynthetic complexes that can be used as biofuels. My doctoral work is to study the deprotonation and oxidation events elucidating the mechanistic details of proton coupled electron transfer reaction in a photosynthetic protein.

The O₂ evolution …

A Geospatial Habitat Suitability Model To Determine The Spatial And Temporal Variability Of Ulva Blooms In Jamaica Bay, New York, Kristine T. Erskine John

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The main objective of this study involves the development of a habitat suitability model for the Ulva genus in Jamaica Bay, New York. This incorporates several steps that were initiated by the selection of the most suitable water quality parameters that facilitate the successful growth of Ulva. These water quality parameters include dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature, salinity, nitrate + nitrite, ammonium, phosphates, dissolved organic nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon, depth and Secchi depth. This water quality data was generated by the Department of Environmental Protection. The Secchi depth and Jamaica Bay bathymetry data were necessary for the calculation of the …

Speech Enhancement Using Speech Synthesis Techniques, Soumi Maiti

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Traditional speech enhancement systems reduce noise by modifying the noisy signal to make it more like a clean signal, which suffers from two problems: under-suppression of noise and over-suppression of speech. These problems create distortions in enhanced speech and hurt the quality of the enhanced signal. We propose to utilize speech synthesis techniques for a higher quality speech enhancement system. Synthesizing clean speech based on the noisy signal could produce outputs that are both noise-free and high quality. We first show that we can replace the noisy speech with its clean resynthesis from a previously recorded clean speech dictionary from …

Some Model Theory Of Free Groups, Christopher James Natoli

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

There are two main sets of results, both pertaining to the model theory of free groups. In the first set of results, we prove that non-abelian free groups of finite rank at least 3 or of countable rank are not A-homogeneous. We then build on the proof of this result to show that two classes of groups, namely finitely generated free groups and finitely generated elementary free groups, fail to form A-Fraisse classes and that the class of non-abelian limit groups fails to form a strong A-Fraisse class.

The second main result is that if a countable group is elementarily …

The C. Neoformans Cell Wall: A Scaffold For Virulence, Christine Chrissian

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Cryptococcus neoformans is a globally distributed opportunistic fungal pathogen and the causative agent of life threatening cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised individuals, resulting in ~180,000 deaths each year worldwide. A primary virulence-associated trait of this organism is the production of melanin. Melanins are a class of diverse pigments produced via the oxidation and polymerization of aromatic ring compounds that have a characteristically complex, heterogenous, and amorphous structure. They are synthesized by representatives of all biological kingdoms and share a multitude of remarkable properties such as the ability to absorb ultraviolet (UV) light and protect against ionizing radiation. Melanin production in fungi …

Modeling And Analysis Of Affiliation Networks With Subsumption, Alexey Nikolaev

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

An affiliation (or two-mode) network is an abstraction commonly used for representing systems with group interactions. It consists of a set of nodes and a set of their groupings called affiliations. We introduce the notion of affiliation network with subsumption, in which no affiliation can be a subset of another. A network with this property can be modeled by an abstract simplicial complex whose facets are the affiliations of the network.

We introduce a new model for generating affiliation networks with and without subsumption (represented as simplicial complexes and hypergraphs, respectively). In this model, at each iteration, a constant number …