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Articles 1321 - 1350 of 3417
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Anthropogenic Impacts On Soil Microbial Processes In Coastal Wetlands: Nutrient Loading And Rising Co2 Levels, Havalend Ellen Steinmuller
Anthropogenic Impacts On Soil Microbial Processes In Coastal Wetlands: Nutrient Loading And Rising Co2 Levels, Havalend Ellen Steinmuller
LSU Master's Theses
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and global eutrophication are anthropogenic stressors impacting the environment of specific interest in wetland systems. Wetlands occupy a critical interface between terrestrial and aquatic environments. Fertilizer use for agriculture and treated wastewater disposal has increased nutrient loading to wetlands. Conflicting results on impacts of nitrogen loading to coastal wetland soils have been reported, though most studies have investigated short-term impacts of nutrient loading, not long-term integrated impacts. I investigated an 11-year period of nutrient loading on soils in an oligohaline coastal wetland. Nitrogen treatments of 0, 50, 200, and 1200 kg ha-1 yr-1 were paired …
Investigating The Photorecombination Dynamics In Molecular High-Harmonic Spectra, Benjamin Parker Wilson
Investigating The Photorecombination Dynamics In Molecular High-Harmonic Spectra, Benjamin Parker Wilson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The work presented in this dissertation will relate the photorecombination dynamics to photoionization dynamics in SF6 utilizing the self-probing mechanism, high harmonic generation (HHG). This work specifically aims to establish parameters for which the comparison is applicable and the macroscopic complications inherent in HHG do not interfere with the extraction of dynamic information. The first part of this work established the macroscopic experimental apparatus necessary for consistent spectroscopic observation. It is shown that using a gas jet that is an order of magnitude shorter than the Rayleigh length of the driving laser results in more consistent harmonic spatial profiles and …
Well-Quasi-Ordering By The Induced-Minor Relation, Chanun Lewchalermvongs
Well-Quasi-Ordering By The Induced-Minor Relation, Chanun Lewchalermvongs
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Robertson and Seymour proved Wagner's Conjecture, which says that finite graphs are well-quasi-ordered by the minor relation. Their work motivates the question as to whether any class of graphs is well-quasi-ordered by other containment relations. This dissertation is concerned with a special graph containment relation, the induced-minor relation. This dissertation begins with a brief introduction to various graph containment relations and their connections with well-quasi-ordering. In the first chapter, we discuss the results about well-quasi-ordering by graph containment relations and the main problems of this dissertation. The graph theory terminology and preliminary results that will be used are presented in …
Game Theoretic Analyses Of The United States-Canada Softwood Lumber Trade, Rajan Parajuli
Game Theoretic Analyses Of The United States-Canada Softwood Lumber Trade, Rajan Parajuli
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The ongoing softwood lumber trade dispute between the United States (U.S.) and Canada is one of the most contentious and largest bilateral trade battles over the recent decades. The bilateral trade debate is mostly because of the different forestland ownership systems in the U.S. and Canada, and the alleged timber subsidies by provincial governments to Canadian lumber producers. The Softwood Lumber Agreement (SLA) 2006 between the U.S. and Canada is the latest transitory solution of this dispute, entailing Canada to impose mandatory export charges on its lumber shipments to the U.S. In order to understand this trade dispute from a …
Left-Orderability, Cyclic Branched Covers And Representations Of The Knot Group, Ying Hu
Left-Orderability, Cyclic Branched Covers And Representations Of The Knot Group, Ying Hu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A group G is called left-orderable if one can find a total order on G, which is preserved under left multiplication. In this paper we first give a sufficient condition for the fundamental group of the nth cyclic branched cover of the three sphere over a prime knot K to be left-orderable, in terms of representations of the knot group. Then we make use of this criterion to study the left-orderability of fundamental groups of cyclic branched covers over two-bridge knots and satellite knots.
Attosecond Transient Absorption In Gases And High Harmonic Generation In Solids, Mengxi Wu
Attosecond Transient Absorption In Gases And High Harmonic Generation In Solids, Mengxi Wu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
We present a theoretical study of attosecond transient absorption in gases and high harmonic generation in solids. In this thesis, different features in the attosecond transient absorption laser-dressed spectrum are studied, including features near bright (dipole allowed) atomic states and features that appear approximately one or two laser photons away from the bright states due to the laser-induced coupling to dark (non-dipole allowed) states. The calculations are carried out using both numerical and analytic solutions to the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation (TDSE). From these solutions, several models of time-dependent absorption and electron dynamics at the femtosecond time scale are presented. We …
Excluding Two Minors Of The Petersen Graph, Adam Beau Ferguson
Excluding Two Minors Of The Petersen Graph, Adam Beau Ferguson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In this dissertation, we begin with a brief survey of the Petersen graph and its role in graph theory. We will then develop an alternative decomposition to clique sums for 3-connected graphs, called T-sums. This decomposition will be used in Chapter 2 to completely characterize those graphs which have no P_3 minor, where P_3 is a graph with 7 vertices, 12 edges, and is isomorphic to the graph created by contracting three edges of a perfect matching of the Petersen Graph. In Chapter 3, we determine the structure of any large internally 4-connected graph which has no P_2 minor, where …
Fish Assemblage Structure, Distribution, And Trophic Ecology At Northwestern Gulf Of Mexico Banks, Todd Langland
Fish Assemblage Structure, Distribution, And Trophic Ecology At Northwestern Gulf Of Mexico Banks, Todd Langland
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The northwest Gulf of Mexico (Gulf) shelf-edge banks both provide unique hard bottom habitat and support the northernmost coral reefs on the North American continental shelf in a region that is generally characterized by low relief, soft sediments. The habitat value of many of these banks has led to their designation as Habitat Areas of Particular Concern (HAPC) and the Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary (FGBNMS). However, little is known about the fisheries resources and dynamics of the banks outside the FGBNMS. This study had three main objectives: 1) define reef fish assemblages at northwestern Gulf shelf-edge banks and …
Boron Functionalization Of Bodipy Dyes, And Their Evaluation As Bioimaging Agents, Alex Long Nguyen
Boron Functionalization Of Bodipy Dyes, And Their Evaluation As Bioimaging Agents, Alex Long Nguyen
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
BODIPY, also known as “porphyrin’s little sister,” belongs to a class of fluorescent dyes. It contains a dipyrromethene π-system with a disubstituted boron atom. The basic 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) is known for its numerous useful applications in the fields of biology and materials. Modification of this well-known fluorophore has been shown to change its photophysical and chemical properties. There has been great interest in the modification at the boron center in recent years for synthesizing new dyads and cascade-type dyes. This work focuses on functionalization at the boron center with carbon and oxygen nucleophiles for further investigation as bioimaging agents. Chapter …
Real-Time Shadows For Gigapixel Displacement Maps, Kevin Anthony Cherry
Real-Time Shadows For Gigapixel Displacement Maps, Kevin Anthony Cherry
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Shadows portray helpful information in scenes. From a scientific visualization standpoint, they help to add data without unnecessary clutter. In video games they add realism and depth. In common graphics pipelines, due to the independent and parallel rendering of geometric primitives, shadows are difficult to achieve. Objects require knowledge of each other and therefore multiple renders are needed to collect the necessary data. The collection of this data comes with its own set of trade offs. Our research involves adding shadows into a lunar rendering framework developed by Dr. Robert Kooima. The NASA-collected data contains a multi-gigapixel displacement map describing …
Developing Recognition Criteria For Current-Wave-Enhanced Sediment Gravity Flows, Kathryn Christine Denommee
Developing Recognition Criteria For Current-Wave-Enhanced Sediment Gravity Flows, Kathryn Christine Denommee
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Sedimentary fabrics preserved in the rock record provide some of the best evidence for interpreting paleo-depositional conditions. Muddy sediments in particular are important paleoenvironmental archives, preserving the most complete stratigraphic record of any rock type in basinal settings. However, the full range of mechanisms responsible for the deposition of muddy sediments, particularly in high-energy settings, remains poorly understood. Although frequently observed in modern settings, muddy prodeltaic deposits are rarely identified in the rock record, in part because no catalogue of easily distinguishable recognition criteria exists for this class of mudstones. In order to help overcome this deficiency, this dissertation project …
Topological Dynamics On Compact Phase Spaces, Lieth Abdalateef Majed
Topological Dynamics On Compact Phase Spaces, Lieth Abdalateef Majed
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Our main focus will be to investigate the various facets of what are commonly called dynamical systems or flows, which are triples $(S,X,\pi)$, where $X$ is a compact Hausdorff space and $\pi:S \times X \longrightarrow X$ is a separately continuous action of a semigroup $S$ on $X$. Historically, as was introduced by R.Ellis 1960, the enveloping semigroup, which is a closure of the set of continuous functions on a compact space $X$, was discovered to be an important tool to study dynamical systems. Soon, a realization of the existence of a universal compactification of a phase semigroup with an extended …
Surface Structure/Property Relationship For (001) Surface Of Magnetite, Fangyang Liu
Surface Structure/Property Relationship For (001) Surface Of Magnetite, Fangyang Liu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Magnetite (Fe3O4), a well-known magnetic material, is still attracting intense study because of its great application in catalyst and technology development. These useful properties are related to the coexistence and coupling of several degrees of freedom, including charge, lattice, orbital and spin. The interaction between Fe3O4 and hydrogen is one of the most important issues, which guides the development of catalytic efficiency and material practicality. In this work, natural single crystal Fe3O4 (001) surfaces are studied with a variety of techniques. It is discovered that the Fe3O4 (001) surface structure and properties are dependent on the surface preparation methods. Conventional …
A Spatial Dynamic Model Of Population Changes In A Vulnerable Coastal Environment, Kenan Li
A Spatial Dynamic Model Of Population Changes In A Vulnerable Coastal Environment, Kenan Li
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Achieving coastal sustainability in low-lying coastal areas is a great challenge. This study developed a spatial dynamic model to study the coupled natural-human responses in the form of population changes in the Lower Mississippi River Basin region. The goal was to identify the key social-economic factors (utility) and selected environmental factors (such as hazards damage, elevation, and subsidence rate) that affect population changes, as well as how population changes affect the local utility and the local environment reciprocally. The study area was partitioned into the “north’ and the “south” by a hypothetical boundary to test the differences of the emergence. …
A Monte Carlo Approach To Studying The Hydrogen Storage Capabilities Of Potassium Magnesium Hydride (Kmgh3), Brandon L. Borill
A Monte Carlo Approach To Studying The Hydrogen Storage Capabilities Of Potassium Magnesium Hydride (Kmgh3), Brandon L. Borill
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations and the weighted histogram analysis method (WHAM) were employed at selected temperatures and pressures in the study of the hydrogen storage capabilities of KMgH3. A specially tailored addition/removal algorithm was employed to add hydrogen directly at the lattice sites. Agreement between experimental results was obtained through GCMC simulations. WHAM type studies were employed to obtain probability distributions for the purpose of learning the probability of finding hydrogen atoms at specific temperatures and hydrogen pressures. The radial distribution function was employed to study the changes in the structure of KMgH3 for the selected model as …
First-Principles And Many-Body Methods: Implementations And Applications To Study Spintronic Materials, Ryky Nelson
First-Principles And Many-Body Methods: Implementations And Applications To Study Spintronic Materials, Ryky Nelson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMSs) and magnetoresistive materials are instrumental for the development of spintronic technology. Before we are able to engineer spintronic devices, it is necessary to understand the properties of materials from which spintronic devices are made, otherwise time and other resources will be wasted. In this thesis, we investigate some aspects of diluted magnetic semiconductors and a magnetoresistive material Ta2PdSe6 with first-principle and many-body methods. Particularly, we investigate the Mn valence in (Ga,Mn)N and derive low-energy models of (Ga,Mn)N by making use of a first-principles Wannier-function analysis. Additionally, we also study the disorder-driven localization in DMSs with the …
Numerical Simulation Of Cold Front-Related Hydrodynamics Of Wax Lake Delta, Qian Zhang
Numerical Simulation Of Cold Front-Related Hydrodynamics Of Wax Lake Delta, Qian Zhang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study applies a three-dimensional numerical model ECOM-si to simulate the circulation in the Wax Lake delta under winter cold front conditions. This model uses real topography and bathymetry of the area to reproduce tides and the circulation between December 2012 and January 2013, which captures a total of seven cold front passages. The model results demonstrate that the circulation in the Wax Lake delta area is significantly affected by the winter cold fronts. The major findings are: (1) Water fluxes in the delta distributary network are not solely propagated within the channels but also between the channels, indicating inundation …
Photoelectrons And Recombining Electrons In Atomic And Molecular Systems, Kristen D'Ann Fulfer
Photoelectrons And Recombining Electrons In Atomic And Molecular Systems, Kristen D'Ann Fulfer
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This work in this dissertation explores how photoelectrons enter and exit atoms and molecules. The electron rescattering events which may occur during photoionization or photorecombination processes play a dominant role in the understanding of how photoelectrons enter and exit molecules, which is intrinsically linked to how chemical reactions occur. Chapters 3-4 of this dissertation present evidence of vibrational mode specific breakdown of the Franck-Condon Principle in the photoionization of low symmetry molecules, acrolein and the singly halogenated thiophenes, due to resonant and non-resonant electron rescattering dynamics. In Chapters 5-6, the disentanglement of the valence electronic structure, as well as evidence …
Cellulose Nanofibers From Energycane Bagasse And Their Applications In Core-Shell Structured Hydrogels, Yiying Yue
Cellulose Nanofibers From Energycane Bagasse And Their Applications In Core-Shell Structured Hydrogels, Yiying Yue
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Cellulose fibers (Cellulose I, cellulose II and cellulose I/II Hybrid fibers) were successfully extracted from energycane bagasse by using a combined NaOH and NaClO2 treatment. After the delignification process, most lignin and hemicellulose were removed with a 27.4wt% yield of cellulose fibers, and the mean diameter of cellulose fibers decreased from 137±46 (raw fiber bundles) to 12±5μm (unpacked fibers). The raw bagasse fibers showed a three-step pyrolysis process, while isolated cellulose fibers had a one-step pyrolysis process. NaClO2 treatment caused the reduction of cellulose thermal stability due to its acting on lignin and cellulose. With 10h NaOH treatment, the ribbon …
A New Method In Distribution Theory With A Non-Smooth Framework, Yunyun Yang
A New Method In Distribution Theory With A Non-Smooth Framework, Yunyun Yang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
In this work, we present a complete treatment of the theory of thick distributions and its asymptotic expansion. We also present several applications of thick distributions in mathematical physics, function spaces, and measure theory. We also discuss regularization using different surfaces. In the last chapter we present some recent applications of distributions in clarifying the moment terms in the heat kernel expansion, and in explaining the relation between the heat kernel expansion and the cylinder kernel expansion.
Holecene Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction From The Shark River Estuary, Everglades, Florida, Qiang Yao
Holecene Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction From The Shark River Estuary, Everglades, Florida, Qiang Yao
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation examines the paleoecological records from the Shark River Estuary in the southwestern part of the Everglades National Park (ENP), Florida, with primary goal of reconstructing the Holocene history of the coastal mangrove ecosystem in the Florida Coastal Everglades. Roughly 15 meters of sediments were collected from 4 study sites and subjected to loss-on ignition, palynological, and X-ray fluorescence analyses. According to the literature, the earliest communities of Rhizophora mangle (red mangrove) occurred prior to 8,000 cal yr BP in the south-central area of the Belize Barrier Reef Platform. Between 7,000 and 5,000 cal yr BP, Rhizophora was established …
Gumbos As Matrices For Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry, Hashim Abdullah Al Ghafly
Gumbos As Matrices For Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry, Hashim Abdullah Al Ghafly
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This work involves the investigation of a group of uniform materials based on organic salts (GUMBOS) as matrices for matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) for analysis of hydrophobic biomolecules. GUMBOS are new class of materials that show great promise as MALDI matrices because they are able to form a thin-layer on the MS target, thereby enhancing the sample homogeneity, signal intensity, and shot-to-shot reproducibility. The detection of hydrophobic peptides using MALDI-TOF MS remains a challenge because the majority of matrices utilized are hydrophilic thereby exhibiting low affinity for hydrophobic molecules. To address this, I …
Chemically Patterned Surfaces As Test Platforms To Study Magnetic And Solvent-Responsive Properties At The Nanoscale: Investigations Using Scanning Probe Microscopy, Shalaka Kulkarni
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Chemically patterned surfaces were fabricated using a combination of molecular self-assembly and particle lithography to generate billions of nanostructures of organosilane self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Monodisperse mesospheres were used as surface masks to prepare nanostructures on flat surfaces using the simple benchtop chemistry steps of mixing, centrifuging, evaporation, and drying. Periodic arrays of well-defined organosilane nanostructures serve as discrete surface sites for the selective deposition of polymers and magnetic nanoparticles.
In this dissertation, particle lithography approaches for surface patterning provide new directions for studying surface chemistry at the molecular-level using high resolution investigations with scanning probe microscopy (SPM). Atomic force microscopy …
Seismic Velocity Characteristics Of Partially Saturated Unconsolidated Sediments, Jie Shen
Seismic Velocity Characteristics Of Partially Saturated Unconsolidated Sediments, Jie Shen
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Seismic velocity models of the near-surface (< 30 m) better explain seismic velocities when all elements of total effective stress are considered, particularly in materials with large cohesive and soil suction stress such as clays. Traditional constitutive elastic models assume interparticle and soil suction stresses are negligible. This study proposes a new methodology which corrects total effective stress in Hertz-Mindlin theory for interparticle and soil suction and calculates the elastic moduli by extending Biot-Gassmann theory to include pressure effects induced by water saturation changes and cohesion. The proposed model predicts seismic velocities that correlate well with measured field velocities from the literature. Soil density, porosity, elastic moduli and the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) are important properties for soil characterization. Currently, geotechnical and laboratory tests for soil properties are costly and limited to point sampling sites. Seismic surveys can potentially provide laterally continuous soil property values that may complement geotechnical borehole tests with low cost. We propose a new method to invert for soil properties and the SWCC from seismic P- and S-wave velocity-vs.-depth profiles interpreted from shallow (< 25 m depth) unconsolidated sediments under conditions of near-full saturation (> 99%). The results from seismic soil property inversion are validated by comparison to geotechnical and laboratory results conducted independently in the same area as the seismic survey. Knowledge of homogeneous and heterogeneous fluid-distribution patterns is important for the estimation of oil reserves, reservoir simulation, the interpretation of time-lapse seismic, and the selection of remediation techniques for groundwater contamination. Problems exist in determining in-situ fluid-distribution patterns in unconsolidated sediments because laboratory tests on core samples may not be representative of in-situ conditions. We propose a new method to determine in-situ fluid-distribution patterns by inverting …
Synthetic Methods Development Towards The Total Synthesis Of Chlorosulfolipids, Andres Villalpando
Synthetic Methods Development Towards The Total Synthesis Of Chlorosulfolipids, Andres Villalpando
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The focus of this dissertation is the development of a novel chlorination reaction utilizing a triphosgene-amine based mixture towards the total synthesis of chlorosulfolipids, a subclass of naturally occurring organohalogen natural products. This novel, mild chlorination reaction will be utilized under a global chlorination strategy to chlorinate multiple alcohol substituents in one synthetic operation. Chapter one details the history of chlorosulfolipids from the early stages of their isolation, relevant structural elucidation techniques, appropriate biosynthetic discoveries, and their biological relevance to a thorough investigation of the total syntheses completed to date. These compounds demonstrate a range of biological activities and have …
Synergistic Properties-Driven Synthesis Of Aluminides, Antiomonides, And Bioceramics, Pilanda Watkins-Curry
Synergistic Properties-Driven Synthesis Of Aluminides, Antiomonides, And Bioceramics, Pilanda Watkins-Curry
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The synthesis, characterization, and properties of selected intermetallics and ceramic materials are presented in this dissertation. In our quest to grow single crystal intermetallics from the metal flux technique, new strategies were employed to avoid thermodynamically stable phases and to ensure sample homogeneity of the crystalline product for structure elucidation and accurate measurements of their magnetic and electrical properties. The relationship between the complex crystal structures and magnetic properties are reported for LnCo2Al8 (Ln = La-Nd, Sm, Yb), CeCo2-xMnxAl8 (0 < x < 1), and Pr2Fe4-xCoxSb5 (1 ≤ x < 3). The discovery of magnetic frustration in LnCo2Al8 (Ln = Ce, Nd) and complex magnetic ordering coupled with large positive magnetoresistance of up to 150% and 60% at 200 K with relatively low field of H = 1 T in Pr2Fe4-xCoxSb5 (x ≈ 2 and 2.5) is also reported. The demand of new inorganic solid materials as scaffolds for the engineering of bone tissue has led to the synthesis of calcium magnesium silicates such as, diopside (CaMgSi2O6), akermanite (Ca2MgSi2O7), monticellite (CaMgSiO4), and merwinite (Ca3Mg(SiO4)2)) for studying dimensionality and mechanical properties. This dissertation highlights the synergism of solid state chemistry at the interface of condensed matter physics and biological engineering. The discovery of compounds with tunable magnetic, electrical, and mechanical properties will be described herein.
I. Synthesis Of Ascarosides For Chemical Biology Studies In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Ii. A Photochemical Approach To Delavayine, And Iii. Remote Hydroxylation By Radical Translocation And Polar Crossover, Kyle Allen Hollister
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The foci of this dissertation are the synthesis of analogs for chemical biology studies, synthetic chemistry method development (with an emphasis on photochemistry), and the application of these methods toward total synthesis. Chapter 1 outlines the synthesis of an array of pheromone analogs that are derivatives of the dideoxy sugar ascarylose. Referred to as ascarosides, such compounds have recently been shown to influence important biological processes in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. C. elegans secretes ascarosides into its environment, where the compounds then act as signaling molecules by providing information on factors like population density. Chapter 2 describes the biological …
Absolute Continuity Under Time Shift For Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Type Processes With Delay Or Anticipation, Jörg-Uwe Löbus
Absolute Continuity Under Time Shift For Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Type Processes With Delay Or Anticipation, Jörg-Uwe Löbus
Communications on Stochastic Analysis
No abstract provided.
An Epsilon-Nash Equilibrium For Non-Linear Markov Games Of Mean-Field-Type On Finite Spaces, Rani Basna, Astrid Hilbert, Vassili N Kolokoltsov
An Epsilon-Nash Equilibrium For Non-Linear Markov Games Of Mean-Field-Type On Finite Spaces, Rani Basna, Astrid Hilbert, Vassili N Kolokoltsov
Communications on Stochastic Analysis
No abstract provided.
Large Deviations Estimates For Some White Noise Distributions, Sonia Chaari, Achref Majid, Habib Ouerdiane
Large Deviations Estimates For Some White Noise Distributions, Sonia Chaari, Achref Majid, Habib Ouerdiane
Communications on Stochastic Analysis
No abstract provided.