Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Energy Transfer Collisions Between Vibrationally Excited Molecular Nitrogen And Atoms, Laird D. Schearer

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Chemiluminescent reactions between metastable states of molecular nitrogen and atoms are used to determine the vibrational temperatures of these Non radiating molecular systems. The excitation rates of Na, Mg, Cd, and Zn are used to obtain the vibrational temperature of N2(X 1Σ) and N2(A 3Σ) states in a fast-flowing nitrogen afterglow. The exponential dependence of the intensities of the emission from atoms excited by the energy transfer collisions on the energy of the level yields vibrational temperatures on the order of 3100 K. We also report the presence of apparent strong selection rules on the total spin of the system …

A Data Structure For The Use Of Patterns In The Perceptual Ordering Of The Game Of Chess, Russ L. Hanna

Masters Theses

"It is well known that the way one perceives a problem can influence the difficulty of solving the problem in a profound way. In the case of computer chess playing programs, one finds that most programs perceive the game in much the same way. They are all based on Shannon's original proposal for chess playing programs. His approach was to generate all of the possible combinations of moves up to a certain number of plays and then a subset of all combinations to a deeper level thereafter. Each of these moves would then be evaluated as to its relative worth. …

On The Mean Time Between Failures For Repairable Systems, Max Engelhardt, Lee J. Bain

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Much of the recent work on modeling repairable systems involves Poisson processes with nonconstant intensity functions, viz, nonhomogeneous Poisson processes. Since times between failures are not identically distributed when the process is nonhomogeneous, it is not clear what concept should take the place of the mean time between failures in assessing the reliability of a repairable system. A number of alternate concepts can be found in the literature. We investigate the relationship between two of the most frequently considered alternatives: the reciprocal of the intensity function, and the mean waiting time from t until the next failure. Theorem 1 states …

Plasma‐Substrate Interaction: Effect Of Volatile Oligomers In Silicone Rubber On Plasma Polymerization Of Fluorine‐Containing Monomers, Y. ‐S Yeh, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The cause of the conspicuous Si content consistently observed on plasma polymers deposited on silicone rubber was investigated in this study. Plasma polymers of tetrafluoroethylene and of hexafluoroethane were deposited on the inside surface of Silastic tubings with and without oligomers by using a semicontinuous plasma polymerization reactor. This tube coating reactor is unique in the sense that the only surface which interacts with the plasma is the substrate surface (i.e., inside wall of tubing) and that plasma polymerization occurs in a very small volume of 3.3‐mm‐I.D. and 2‐cm‐long section of tubing at any given time. These two factors render …

The Mechanism Of Hydrotrope Action Of A Dicarboxylic Acid, Stig Friberg, S. B. Rananavare, D. W. Osborne

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The mechanism of the hydro trope action of a dicarboxylic acid Mono soap was investigated by determination of the change in order parameter of the amphiphile in a lamellar liquid crystal. The results showed addition of the hydro trope considerably to reduce the order while addition of a surfactant had no effect. © 1986.

Prolog., Ralph W. Wilkerson

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Description is Given of Prolog, a Contraction of Programming in Logic, Which Uses the Formalism of Mathematical Logic as its Primary Design Principle. the Structure of Prolog is Examined, and a Database Program is Described to Illustrate its application. an Application to an Artificial Intelligence Problem, the Towers of Hanoi, is Also Given.

Race, Sex And Occlusive Cerebrovascular Disease: A Review, L. R. Caplan, P. B. Gorelick, D. B. Hier

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Interobserver Agreement In The Diagnosis Of Stroke Type, Cynthia R. Gross, David Shinar, Jay P. Mohr, Daniel B. Hier, Louis R. Caplan, Thomas R. Price, Philip A. Wolf, Carlos S. Kase, Irene G. Fishman, Sandra Calingo, Selma C. Kunitz

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Interobserver Agreement is Essential to the Reliability of Clinical Data from Cooperative Studies and Provides the Foundation for Applying Research Results to Clinical Practice. in the Stroke Data Bank, a Large Cooperative Study of Stroke, We Sought to Establish the Reliability of a Key Aspect of Stroke Diagnosis: The Mechanism of Stroke. Seventeen Patients Were Evaluated by Six Neurologists. Interobserver Agreement Was Measured When Diagnosis Was based on Patient History and Neurologic Examination Only, as Well as When It Was based on Results of a Completed Workup, Including a Computed Tomographic Scan. Initial Clinical Impressions, based Solely on History and …

A Non-Aqueous Lamellar Liquid Crystal With An Ionic Surfactant-Long Chain Alcohol Combination, Stig Friberg, Paul Liang, Yuh Chirn Liang, Bettye Greene, Ron Van Gilder

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

A non-aqueous lamellar liquid crystal of sodium dodecyl sulfate, decanol and glycerol was prepared and compared with its aqueous counterpart. The results show that the stability of the liquid crystal with glycerol is critically dependent on the surfactant/alcohol ratio, whereas the liquid cry. The interlayer spacing was smaller for the glycerol system than for the water system at finite amount of solvent, but the value extrapolated to zero so. © 1986.

Foams From A Three-Phase Emulsion, Hironobu Kunieda, Stig Friberg

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Foam stability was related to phase behavior in a foamed three-phase region consisting of an aqueous solution (L1), an alcohol solution (L2) and lamellar liquid-crystalline (LC) phases in the C8H17SO3Na/C8H17OH/H2O system. The state of the system before foaming was LC/L2 + LC/L1 or L1 + L2/LC type emulsions up to a high octanol/water ratio of 77/23. In L2 + LC/L1 emulsion, the LC droplets exist separately from the alcohol droplets in an aqueous continuous medium. The viscosity of the system was enhanced with an increase in the content of dispersed phases, i.e. alcohol and/or liquid crystal phases contributing to the …

Solvation Changes Induced In A Lyotropic Lamellar Liquid Crystal Containing Solubilized Benzene, Anthony J.I. Ward, Shankar B. Rananavare, Stig Friberg

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Deuterium NMR quadrupole splitting's of deuterated benzene and water were studied as a function of their composition in the aqueous lamellar phase of Penta ethylene glycol n-dodecyl ether. An interpretation of the results is given in terms of hydration changes of the poly(oxyethylene) chains related to changes in the benzene solvation and location within the head-group region. © 1986, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

Surfactant Association Structures And The Stability Of Emulsions And Foams, Stig Friberg, Concepcion Solans

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Traditional surfactants in combination with water and a more hydrophobic amphiphile, such as an alcohol or a carboxylic acid, present a rich variety of colloidal association structures, both micelles and lyotropic liquid crystals. The presence of such association structures has a pronounced influence on the stability of macro dispersed systems such as emulsions and foams. A few examples of such an influence are discussed. © 1986, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

Stability Of Hydrophobic Foams, Stig Friberg, Irena Blute, Hironobu Kunieda, Per Stenius

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The stability of foams was determined in two-phase regions containing an isotropic hydrocarbon solution and a lamellar liquid crystal. The lamellar liquid crystal showed surface activity with regard to the hydrocarbon solution. This was interpreted as due to the higher frequency of methyl groups at the surface of the liquid-crystalline state compared to the liquid state. The weaker intermolecular forces from the methyl groups were assumed to result in a lower surface tension of the liquid crystal in comparison to the liquid. This hypothesis was tested by the use of a low surface tension hydrocarbon, isooctane. No foam stability was …

Influence Of Geometric Factors Of The Substrate On Hydrophilic Surface Modification Of Polyurethane Sponges By Plasma Treatment, D. L. Cho, H. Yasuda

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The surface modification by plasma treatment occurs by consecutive processes of excitation of gas(es) and deexcitation of excited species. The deexcitation occurs primarily at the surface yielding chemical modification of the surface (nonpolymer-forming plasmas) or deposition of material (polymer-forming plasma) on the substrate surface. Because of this sequence, geometric factors of the substrate in relation to the surrounding plasma phase have crucial influence on the effectiveness of plasma treatments. Simple mathematical models were developed to illustrate the effect of geometric factors involved in plasma treatments, and experimental results obtained with porous polyurethane sponges in various sizes were examined by the …

Electron Capture And Loss For 2.5-200-Mev 16s13++He Collisions, M. W. Clark, E. M. Bernstein, J. A. Tanis, W. G. Graham, Robert H. Mcfarland, T. J. Morgan, B. M. Johnson, K. W. Jones, M. Meron

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Electron capture and loss cross sections have been measured for highly charged (q=13+) sulfur ions with energies 2.5-200 MeV colliding with helium. Electron capture varies by nearly six orders of magnitude over the energy range investigated, while electron loss varies by only about a factor of 2. The capture cross sections are in reasonable agreement with classical and empirical scaling rules, while the loss cross sections agree well with the plane-wave Born approximation. © 1986 The American Physical Society.

V/2 Electrons In H++H Ionizing Collisions, Ronald E. Olson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Classical-trajectory Monte Carlo calculations are used to determine the velocity and angular dependence of the electron ionized in the H++HH++H++e- collision. The energy range studied is 40200 keV. At energies E60 keV, ionized electrons with velocities that are near one-half (v/2) the relative velocity v of the collision dominate the electron spectra. At higher energies the maximum position of the ionized electrons shifts and is found centered about the target nucleus. © 1986 The American Physical Society.

The Three‐Spin Box Product Interaction, Harry A. Brown

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The three‐spin interaction in the form of a box product, σ1 x σ2 · σ3, is investigated including additional interaction terms in the Hamiltonian in the forms \document class{article}\page style{empty}\begin{document}$ \sum\limits_i {\sigma _{iz},} \sum\limits_{ij} {\sigma _{iz} \sigma _{jz}} $\end{document}, and πiσiz. With the relative strengths considered as parameters, the thermodynamic properties are evaluated as a function of temperature and show considerable variety. Both second‐ and first‐order phase transitions are found. Copyright © 1986 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA

Amphiphilic Association Structures And Some Aspects Of Foam Stability, Jia-Hwa Fang

Doctoral Dissertations

"This investigation was performed in order to study two interesting and important problems in foams.

Foam separation was studied in the model system of water - sodium octylsulfonate - decanol. The efficiency of foam separation as a function of surfactant concentration and decanol content were measured. The results were related to the association structures of amphiphiles in aqueous systems.

Foam polymerization was conducted in the amphiphilic system containing water, polymerizable surfactant and oleyl alcohol. Liquid foams were produced in one three - phase region. The location and optical pattern of liquid crystals on the foam surface were observed by photomicroscope …

Resonant Transfer And Excitation: Dependence On Projectile Charge State And Target-Electron Momentum Distribution, J. A. Tanis, E. M. Bernstein, M. W. Clark, W. G. Graham, Robert H. Mcfarland, T. J. Morgan, J. R. Mowat, D. W. Mueller, A. Müller, M. P. Stockli, K. H. Berkner, P. Gohil, R. J. Mcdonald, A. S. Schlachter, J. W. Stearns

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Resonant transfer and excitation (RTE) involving simultaneous electron capture and projectile K-shell excitation has been measured for calcium ions in charge states ranging from neon like to hydrogen like incident on molecular hydrogen over an energy range 100-370 MeV. The results establish a projectile charge-state dependence for RTE and provide a detailed test of theoretical calculations. The effect of the target-electron momentum distribution on the RTE process is demonstrated by comparing with previous results for calcium ions incident on helium. © 1986 The American Physical Society.

Microemulsions With High Water Solubilizing Capacity At High Hydrocarbon Levels And Very Low Surfactant Concentrations, Raymond L. Venable, Kay Lynn Elders, Jiafu Fang

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Phase diagrams have been determined showing the extent of the inverse micellar or microemulsion region for systems consisting of water-surfactant-cosurfactant or water-surfactant-hydrocarbon cosurfactant mixture with three surfactants and four cosurfactants. The surfactants are sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium laurate, and tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide while the cosurfactants are pentanol, hexanol, pentylamine, and hexylamine. Hexylamine is found to be a very effective cosurfactant giving rise to very good water solubilizing capacity at extremely low surfactant concentrations and very low cosurfactant levels at rather high initial hydrocarbon levels. © 1986.

Resonant Charge Transfer In Symmetric Alkali-Ion Alkali-Atom Collisions, F. K. Men, M. Kimura, Ronald E. Olson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Resonant charge transfer in alkali-ion alkali-atom collisions is investigated by using the molecular-orbital expansion method incorporating the use of electron translation factors. Molecular wave functions and eigen energies are obtained by the pseudopotential method. Molecular properties, Re, De, and e, obtained in the present calculation are in good accord with other recent theoretical results, as well as spectroscopic measurements. Three-state close-coupling calculations reproduce the positions of the maxima and minima in the oscillatory structure seen experimentally in the resonant-charge-transfer cross sections for the Li2 + and Cs2 + systems. The magnitude of the total cross sections and their velocity dependence …

General Features Of The Aerosol Observed In The Guinean Savannah At The Level Of The Itcz Influence Of The Drought, F. Désalmand, R. Serpolay, Josef Podzimek

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The stagnation and mixing of various air masses at the level of the ITCZ in the dry season, together with the absence of rain, favor, in the Guinean savannah, the formation of a well-aged and homogeneous aerosol made up of very active mixed nuclei. When the drought increases, the aerosol always remains an aged one, i.e. absence of particles with radius r < 0.02 μm, no nucleation mode. However, different properties show a younger and less homogeneous aerosol, i.e. very high counts in all the categories of particles (the concentration of nuclei activated at the supersaturation S {reversed tilde equals} 0.32% reaches 9960 cm-3), poor correlations between the concentrations of various groups of particles and no fog. When the fires are frequent and spread all over the savannah, a permanent addition of new particles to the local background aerosol (due to a complicated circulation) prevents the ageing of the aerosol that is observed during the usual drought with a moderate extension of bushfires. © 1986.

The Spin‐1 Anisotropic Heisenberg Ferromagnet With Biquadratic Exchange, Harry A. Brown

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Erratum: Dipole Moment And Potential Energy Functions Of The X ¹∑+ And A1∑+ States Of Nah. (The Journal Of Chemical Physics (1984) 80 (356)), W. T. Zemke, Ronald E. Olson, K. K. Verma, W. C. Stwalley, B. Liu

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Tuning Characteristics And New Laser Lines In An Nd:Yap Cw Laser, Laird D. Schearer, Michele Leduc

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We have investigated the CW laser properties of Nd-doped yttrium-aluminum-perovskite (YAP) in a Kr are-lamp, pumped cavity, Seven laser transitions within the 4F3/2-4I11/2 multiplet have been observed. A simple Lyot filter is used to select the particular transitions. The tuning characteristics of the transitions at 1.0745 and 1.0845 μm were also obtained with the addition of a thin, uncoated etalon within the cavity. Tuning widths of 32 and 23 Å, respectively, were obtained. Copyright © 1986 IEEE

Lna: A New Cw Nd Laser Tunable Around 1.05 And 1.08 Μm, Laird D. Schearer, Michele Leduc, Daniel Vivien, Anne Marie Lejus, Jeanine Thery

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We have investigated the CW laser properties of the lanthamide hexa-aluminate La0.9Nd0.1MgAl11O19 at room temperature. When a I cm long crystal is pumped by an Ar⁺ laser (514 nm) or a Kr⁺ laser (752 nm), CW emission is obtained with slope efficiencies of 10 and 26 percent, respectively. A four-plate Lyot filter in the cavity forces the LNA crystal to oscillate in either of the two major bands centered at 10 820 A (tuning range 80 A) and 10 545 A (tuning range 35 Å). Copyright © 1986 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Multiple-Electron Capture And Ionization In Collisions Of Highly Stripped Ions With Ar Atoms, A. M̈Ller, B. Schuch, W. Groh, E. Salzborn, H. F. Beyer, P. H. Mokler, Ronald E. Olson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Multiple-vacancy production in Ar atoms by 1.4-MeV/u highly stripped ion impact is studied. From a recoil-ionprojectile-ion coincidence experiment charge-state distributions of Ar ions were obtained distinguishing between pure ionization and capture of up to three electrons by N6+,7+, Fe12+,15+,20+,21+, Kr18+, Gd37+, and U30+,36+,41+,44+,4 8+ ions. With increasing projectile charge state the relative abundances of multiply charged recoil ions increase. However, for high-charge-state projectiles, the relative fractions of recoil ions for concomitant electron capture and ionization are found to be independent of projectile charge or species. To interpret the data, classical trajectory Monte Carlo calculations have been made assuming the applicability …

A Computerized Audio-Visual Speech Model, Joaquin Alberto Vila Ruiz

Masters Theses

"This thesis describes an expert system able to animate (graphically) and reproduce (acoustically) a text in any language which uses the Latin alphabet. A rule editor has been developed to create and modify the set of letter-to-sound rules of the target language. A parser has been implemented to apply the set of rules and translate text-to-speech. Each phoneme has a unique sound and thus requires its particular positioning of the vocal organs which are displayed in two different projections: a front view and a profile cross view of a human face in synchronization with the output sounds of the speech …

A Semantic Basis For Parallel Algorithm Design, Roger E. Eggen

Doctoral Dissertations

"As computing demands increase, emphasis is being placed on parallel architectures- To efficiently use parallel machines, software must be designed to take advantage of these machines. This research concentrates on an abstraction of algorithm design to permit the expression of parallel programs. The abstraction emphasizes thought about algorithms at a high level as opposed to algorithm implementation at a statement level. A model based on data flow allows algorithm expression using flow diagrams. The model specifies operating system requirements that support parallel programming at a module level. Paths are used to carry data between modules. Data enter modules through ports. …

Specification And Efficiency Evaluation Of A Data Communications Protocol, Patricia Ann Anderson

Masters Theses

"A data communications protocol for an established operating environment is formally specified. Motivation for the development of this protocol is presented, with consideration for the future communications requirements of the system.

Factors influencing the performance of a protocol are reviewed. Error recovery, network addressing, flow control, traffic prioritization, and initialization and termination sequences are examined in general and with respect to the protocol development.

In conclusion, a mathematical evaluation of the efficiency of the protocol is provided, using Tanenbaum's equations for determining channel utilization. The theoretical channel utilization of a perfect system, without propagation delay or error, is compared with …