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Articles 1711 - 1740 of 5954

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Validation Of Neutrino Energy Estimation Using Electron Scattering Data, Mariana Khachatryan Oct 2019

Validation Of Neutrino Energy Estimation Using Electron Scattering Data, Mariana Khachatryan

Physics Theses & Dissertations

To study neutrino oscillations, the knowledge of the initial neutrino energy is required. This energy cannot be determined directly because neutrino beams have a broad energy distribution. Instead, the initial energy for each event is estimated from the final state particles of a neutrino-nucleus interaction using two main approaches. It can be determined either from the total energy of all the final state particles or, if the neutrino scatters quasi-elastically from a bound nucleon, then the initial energy can be calculated approximately using the scattered angle and energy of the outgoing charged lepton. This requires a detailed understanding of neutrino-nucleus …

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A Cfd Study Of Steady Fully Developed Laminar Flow Through A 90-Degree Bend Pipe With A Square Cross-Sectional Area, Subodh Sushant Toraskar Oct 2019

A Cfd Study Of Steady Fully Developed Laminar Flow Through A 90-Degree Bend Pipe With A Square Cross-Sectional Area, Subodh Sushant Toraskar

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Fluid flow through a closed curved conduit has always been a topic of extensive research, as it has many practical and industrial applications. The flow is generally characterized by a presence of secondary flow, vortical motions and pressure losses for different flow regimes. These observed irregularities may positively or negatively impact the flow. They are beneficial for cases where mixing of fluids is required, usually observed for multiphase flow regimes or detrimental for cases involving particles in the fluid. There are also instances where a particle-laden fluid transported through the curved pipe was directly related to corrosion- erosion related problems. …

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Computational Analysis Of Antipode Algorithms For The Output Feedback Hopf Algebra, Lance Berlin Oct 2019

Computational Analysis Of Antipode Algorithms For The Output Feedback Hopf Algebra, Lance Berlin

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The feedback interconnection of two systems written in terms of Chen-Fliess series can be described explicitly in terms of the antipode of the output feedback Hopf algebra. At present, there are three known computational approaches to calculating this antipode: the left coproduct method, the right coproduct method, and the derivation method. Each of these algorithms is defined recursively, and thus becomes computationally expensive quite quickly. This motivates the need for a more complete understanding of the algorithmic complexity of these methods, as well as the development of new approaches for determining the Hopf algebra antipode. The main goals of this …

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Demonstration Of Visible And Near Infrared Raman Spectrometers And Improved Matched Filter Model For Analysis Of Combined Raman Signals, Alexander Matthew Atkinson Oct 2019

Demonstration Of Visible And Near Infrared Raman Spectrometers And Improved Matched Filter Model For Analysis Of Combined Raman Signals, Alexander Matthew Atkinson

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analysis technique that has found applications in fields such as analytical chemistry, planetary sciences, and medical diagnostics. Recent studies have shown that analysis of Raman spectral profiles can be greatly assisted by use of computational models with achievements including high accuracy pure sample classification with imbalanced data sets and detection of ideal sample deviations for pharmaceutical quality control. The adoption of automated methods is a necessary step in streamlining the analysis process as Raman hardware becomes more advanced. Due to limits in the architectures of current machine learning based Raman classification models, transfer from pure …

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Pulse Power Effects On Transient Plasma Ignition For Combustion, David Wayne Alderman Ii Oct 2019

Pulse Power Effects On Transient Plasma Ignition For Combustion, David Wayne Alderman Ii

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Transient plasma ignition (TPI) uses highly non-equilibrium plasmas, driven by less than 100 nanosecond, high-voltage pulses, to initiate combustion. The effects of pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and ultrashort nanosecond rise times on TPI are investigated in this work using lean, stoichiometric, and rich air-fuel mixtures at atmospheric pressure. Experimental data show the transient plasmas driven by ultrashort rise time, high voltage pulses at high PRF’s enhance the combustion of lean or stoichiometric air-methane mixtures in a static chamber. In particular, increasing PRF enhances the combustion performance by means of reduced delay times independent of the equivalence ratio of the air-fuel …

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Electrohydrodynamic Simulations Of The Deformation Of Liquid-Filled Capsules, Pai Song Oct 2019

Electrohydrodynamic Simulations Of The Deformation Of Liquid-Filled Capsules, Pai Song

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

A comprehensive two- and three-dimensional framework for the electrohydrodynamic simulation of deformable capsules is provided. The role of a direct current (DC) electric field on the deformation and orientation of a liquid-filled capsule is thoroughly considered numerically. This framework is based on lattice Boltzmann method for the fluid, finite element method for the membrane structure of the capsule, fast immersed interface method for the electric field and immersed boundary method being used to consider the fluid-structure-electric interaction. Under the effect of electric field, two different types of equilibrium states, prolate or oblate are obtained. The numerical algorithm is also applied …

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Characterization Of Argon And Ar/Cl2 Plasmas Used For The Processing Of Niobium Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavities, Jeremy J. Peshl Oct 2019

Characterization Of Argon And Ar/Cl2 Plasmas Used For The Processing Of Niobium Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavities, Jeremy J. Peshl

Physics Theses & Dissertations

The plasma processing of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities has shown significant promise as a complementary or possible replacement for the current wet etch processes. Empirical relationships between the user-controlled external parameters and the effectiveness of Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) for the removal of surface layers of bulk niobium have been previously established. However, a lack of a physical description of the etching discharge, particularly as the external parameters are varied, limits the development of this technology. A full understanding of how these external parameters affect both the amount of material removed and the physical properties of the plasma would aid …

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Unitarity Of The Infinite-Volume Three-Particle Scattering Amplitude Arising From A Finite-Volume Formalism, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Stephen R. Sharpe, Adam P. Szczepaniak Sep 2019

Unitarity Of The Infinite-Volume Three-Particle Scattering Amplitude Arising From A Finite-Volume Formalism, Raúl A. Briceño, Maxwell T. Hansen, Stephen R. Sharpe, Adam P. Szczepaniak

Physics Faculty Publications

Hansen and Sharpe [Phys. Rev. D 92, 114509 (2015)] derived a relation between the scattering amplitude of three identical bosons,M3, and a real function referred to as the divergence-free K matrix and denoted Kdf;3. The result arose in the context of a relation between finite-volume energies and Kdf;3, derived to all orders in the perturbative expansion of a generic low-energy effective field theory. In this work we set aside the role of the finite volume and focus on the infinite-volume relation between Kdf;3 and M3. We show that, for any …

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Living Shorelines: Barriers And Promotion: Accomack County, Va, Amy Belcher, Rhiannon Bezore, Michelle Covi, Wie Yusuf Sep 2019

Living Shorelines: Barriers And Promotion: Accomack County, Va, Amy Belcher, Rhiannon Bezore, Michelle Covi, Wie Yusuf

Presentations, Lectures, Posters, Reports

Living shorelines can offer shoreline protection for low energy shorelines as well as providing ecoservices such as purifying water, buffering against floods, and attracting wildlife. This report highlights key benefits, possible barriers and solutions, and ideas for their promotion. Recommendations for implementing living shorelines are included for Accomack County, Virginia to aid in increasing awareness and utilization of living shorelines.

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Muon Capture In Nuclei: An Ab Initio Approach Based On Green's Function Monte Carlo Methods, A. Lovato, N. Rocco, Rocco Schiavilla Sep 2019

Muon Capture In Nuclei: An Ab Initio Approach Based On Green's Function Monte Carlo Methods, A. Lovato, N. Rocco, Rocco Schiavilla

Physics Faculty Publications

An ab initio Green’s function Monte Carlo (GFMC) method is introduced for calculating total rates of muon weak capture in light nuclei with mass number A ≤ 12. As a first application of the method, we perform a calculation of the rate in 3H and 4He in a dynamical framework based on realistic two- and three-nucleon interactions and realistic nuclear charge-changing weak currents. The currents include one- and two-body terms induced by π-and ρ-meson exchange, and N-to-Δ excitation, and are constrained to reproduce the empirical value of the Gamow-Teller matrix element in tritium. We investigate the sensitivity of …

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A Low-Cost Soft Robotic Hand Exoskeleton For Use In Therapy Of Limited Hand–Motor Function, Grant Rudd, Liam Daly, Vukica Jovanovic, Filip Cukov Sep 2019

A Low-Cost Soft Robotic Hand Exoskeleton For Use In Therapy Of Limited Hand–Motor Function, Grant Rudd, Liam Daly, Vukica Jovanovic, Filip Cukov

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

We present the design and validation of a low-cost, customizable and 3D-printed anthropomorphic soft robotic hand exoskeleton for rehabilitation of hand injuries using remotely administered physical therapy regimens. The design builds upon previous work done on cable actuated exoskeleton designs by implementing the same kinematic functionality, but with the focus shifted to ease of assembly and cost effectiveness as to allow patients and physicians to manufacture and assemble the hardware necessary to implement treatment. The exoskeleton was constructed solely from 3D-printed and widely available of-the-shelf components. Control of the actuators was realized using an Arduino microcontroller, with a custom-designed shield …

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Life's Passion For Odu Alum Is To Be "Water's Voice", Joe Garvey Aug 2019

Life's Passion For Odu Alum Is To Be "Water's Voice", Joe Garvey

News Items

No abstract provided.

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Odu Launches Open Seas Technology Innovation Hub, News @ Odu Aug 2019

Odu Launches Open Seas Technology Innovation Hub, News @ Odu

News Items

No abstract provided.

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Philanthropic Gifts And New Partnerships Highlight President Broderick's 12th State Of The University Address, Noell Saunders Aug 2019

Philanthropic Gifts And New Partnerships Highlight President Broderick's 12th State Of The University Address, Noell Saunders

News Items

No abstract provided.

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Biogeochemical Controls Of Surface Ocean Phosphate, Adam C. Martiny, Michael W. Lomas, Weiwei Fu, Philip W. Boyd, Yuh-Ling L. Chen, Gregory A. Cutter, Michael J. Ellwood, Ken Furuya, Fuminori Hasshihama, Jota Kanda, David M. Karl, Taketoshi Kodama, Qian P. Li, Jian Ma, Thierry Moutin, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, J. Keith Moore Aug 2019

Biogeochemical Controls Of Surface Ocean Phosphate, Adam C. Martiny, Michael W. Lomas, Weiwei Fu, Philip W. Boyd, Yuh-Ling L. Chen, Gregory A. Cutter, Michael J. Ellwood, Ken Furuya, Fuminori Hasshihama, Jota Kanda, David M. Karl, Taketoshi Kodama, Qian P. Li, Jian Ma, Thierry Moutin, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, J. Keith Moore

OES Faculty Publications

Surface ocean phosphate is commonly below the standard analytical detection limits, leading to an incomplete picture of the global variation and biogeochemical role of phosphate. A global compilation of phosphate measured using high-sensitivity methods revealed several previously unrecognized low-phosphate areas and clear regional differences. Both observational climatologies and Earth system models (ESMs) systematically overestimated surface phosphate. Furthermore, ESMs misrepresented the relationships between phosphate, phytoplankton biomass, and primary productivity. Atmospheric iron input and nitrogen fixation are known important controls on surface phosphate, but model simulations showed that differences in the iron-to-macronutrient ratio in the vertical nutrient supply and surface lateral transport …

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Odu Expert Invited To Testify At Legislative Hearing On Coastal Resilience, Sarah Huddle Jul 2019

Odu Expert Invited To Testify At Legislative Hearing On Coastal Resilience, Sarah Huddle

News Items

No abstract provided.

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Circulation, Vol. 24, No. 3, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Eileen Hofmann, Brynn Pecher, Margaret Mulholland Jul 2019

Circulation, Vol. 24, No. 3, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Eileen Hofmann, Brynn Pecher, Margaret Mulholland

CCPO Circulation

Summer 2019 issue of CCPO Circulation featuring article, "Combining Forces to Understand Harmful Algal Bloom Dynamics," by Eileen Hofmann, Brynn Pecher, and Margie Mulholland.

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Novel Use Of Neural Networks To Identify And Detect Electrical Infrastructure Performance, Evan Pierre Savaria Jul 2019

Novel Use Of Neural Networks To Identify And Detect Electrical Infrastructure Performance, Evan Pierre Savaria

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Electrical grid maintenance and repairs are crucial services that keep America’s lights on. Electrical service providers make it their priority to uphold minimal interruptions to this service. Electricity is essential for modern technology within the home, such as cooking, refrigeration, and hot water. Organizations, such as schools, hospitals, and military bases, cannot properly function or operate without power. When analyzing the current electrical infrastructure, it is evident that considerable components of the power grid are aging and in need of replacement. Additionally, threats and damage continue to occur. These damages occur not only due to simple, single power line failure …

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Persistence Of Depositional Features In A Strongly Seasonal, Tide-Dominated Delta, Kallie Flaxington Brown Jul 2019

Persistence Of Depositional Features In A Strongly Seasonal, Tide-Dominated Delta, Kallie Flaxington Brown

OES Theses and Dissertations

The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) Delta is one of the largest deltas in the world, covering more than 100,000 km2. The GBM River system transports over one billion tons of sediment annually and delivers ~750 million tons to the Bay of Bengal, ~25% of which is advected by tides into the fluvially abandoned western delta plain. The Sundarbans National Forest (SNF) is located within the GBM Delta and, covering more than 10,000 km2, is the world’s largest continuous mangrove stand. The present rate of sediment delivery allows the SNF platform elevation to keep pace with regional sea level …

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The Evolution Of The El Niño-Southern Oscillation And Tropical Pacific Climate Across The Last Deglaciation, Ryan Hunter Glaubke Jul 2019

The Evolution Of The El Niño-Southern Oscillation And Tropical Pacific Climate Across The Last Deglaciation, Ryan Hunter Glaubke

OES Theses and Dissertations

The El Niño – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the largest interannual component of Earth’s climate system, capable of exerting significant influence over global climate patterns that affect communities around the globe. Nevertheless, a comprehensive understanding of the ENSO system and its relationship to tropical Pacific climate dynamics remains unclear. Although new paleoceanographic proxies have shown promise in in their ability to constrain past ENSO change, little is known about how ENSO varied in response to millennial-scale climate events over the last 25,000 years. Here, I present new records of tropical Pacific mean state and ENSO variability over the last 25,000 …

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Copula-Based Zero-Inflated Count Time Series Models, Mohammed Sulaiman Alqawba Jul 2019

Copula-Based Zero-Inflated Count Time Series Models, Mohammed Sulaiman Alqawba

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

Count time series data are observed in several applied disciplines such as in environmental science, biostatistics, economics, public health, and finance. In some cases, a specific count, say zero, may occur more often than usual. Additionally, serial dependence might be found among these counts if they are recorded over time. Overlooking the frequent occurrence of zeros and the serial dependence could lead to false inference. In this dissertation, we propose two classes of copula-based time series models for zero-inflated counts with the presence of covariates. Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP), zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB), and zero-inflated Conway-Maxwell-Poisson (ZICMP) distributed marginals of the …

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Scalable Parallel Delaunay Image-To-Mesh Conversion For Shared And Distributed Memory Architectures, Daming Feng Jul 2019

Scalable Parallel Delaunay Image-To-Mesh Conversion For Shared And Distributed Memory Architectures, Daming Feng

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Mesh generation is an essential component for many engineering applications. The ability to generate meshes in parallel is critical for the scalability of the entire Finite Element Method (FEM) pipeline. However, parallel mesh generation applications belong to the broader class of adaptive and irregular problems, and are among the most complex, challenging, and labor intensive to develop and maintain. In this thesis, we summarize several years of the progress that we made in a novel framework for highly scalable and guaranteed quality mesh generation for finite element analysis in three dimensions. We studied and developed parallel mesh generation algorithms on …

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Aggregating Private And Public Web Archives Using The Mementity Framework, Matthew R. Kelly Jul 2019

Aggregating Private And Public Web Archives Using The Mementity Framework, Matthew R. Kelly

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Web archives preserve the live Web for posterity, but the content on the Web one cares about may not be preserved. The ability to access this content in the future requires the assurance that those sites will continue to exist on the Web until the content is requested and that the content will remain accessible. It is ultimately the responsibility of the individual to preserve this content, but attempting to replay personally preserved pages segregates archived pages by individuals and organizations of personal, private, and public Web content. This is misrepresentative of the Web as it was. While the Memento …

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Nutrient Controls Over Cyanobacterial Synthesis Of The Neurotoxin Β-N-Methylamino-L-Alanine (Bmaa) And Its Potential Accumulation In The Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus), Madeline M. Hummel Jul 2019

Nutrient Controls Over Cyanobacterial Synthesis Of The Neurotoxin Β-N-Methylamino-L-Alanine (Bmaa) And Its Potential Accumulation In The Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus), Madeline M. Hummel

OES Theses and Dissertations

Cyanobacteria are known to produce a variety of toxins that negatively impact both aquatic and terrestrial organisms. One putative neurotoxic compound is the non-protein amino acid β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), which has epidemiological linkages to the development of several human neurological diseases. Three cyanobacterial species thought to produce BMAA —Microcystis aeruginosa, Synechococcus bacillaris, and Nostoc sp. —were grown in nutrient replete cultures to examine its synthesis and cellular distribution over a growth cycle. Production of BMAA was also examined in nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) deplete cultures of Microcystis aeruginosa. In addition, natural assemblages of phytoplankton dominated by …

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Lipid Biomarkers Of Bering And Chukchi Sea Euphausiids And Their Application To Diet History, Rachel L. Pleuthner Jul 2019

Lipid Biomarkers Of Bering And Chukchi Sea Euphausiids And Their Application To Diet History, Rachel L. Pleuthner

OES Theses and Dissertations

In the eastern Bering Sea, Thysanoessa raschii are the most abundant krill species and a keystone trophic member that serve as both an important grazer and link to upper level consumers. In this system krill experience large annual variation in food resources, especially during ice advance and retreat; multiple lipid classes are used to temper the effects of those fluctuations, as well as to fuel reproduction and growth. Two shipboard feeding experiments that occurred during late spring and early summer of 2010, respectively, monitored the lipid retention in adult T. raschii and examined the fluctuation of specific lipid biomarkers under …

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Developing Algorithms To Detect Incidents On Freeways From Loop Detector And Vehicle Re-Identification Data, Biraj Adhikari Jul 2019

Developing Algorithms To Detect Incidents On Freeways From Loop Detector And Vehicle Re-Identification Data, Biraj Adhikari

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A new approach for testing incident detection algorithms has been developed and is presented in this thesis. Two new algorithms were developed and tested taking California #7, which is the most widely used algorithm to date, and SVM (Support Vector Machine), which is considered one of the best performing classifiers, as the baseline for comparisons. Algorithm #B in this study uses data from Vehicle Re-Identification whereas the other three algorithms (California #7, SVM and Algorithm #A) use data from a double loop detector for detection of an incident. A microscopic traffic simulator is used for modeling three types of incident …

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Success Factors Impacting Artificial Intelligence Adoption --- Perspective From The Telecom Industry In China, Hong Chen Jul 2019

Success Factors Impacting Artificial Intelligence Adoption --- Perspective From The Telecom Industry In China, Hong Chen

Theses and Dissertations in Business Administration

As the core driving force of the new round of informatization development and the industrial revolution, the disruptive achievements of artificial intelligence (AI) are rapidly and comprehensively infiltrating into various fields of human activities. Although technologies and applications of AI have been widely studied, and factors that affect AI adoption are identified in existing literature, the impact of success factors on AI adoption remains unknown. Accordingly, the main study of this paper proposes a framework to explore the effects of success factors on AI adoption by integrating the technology, organization, and environment (TOE) framework and diffusion of innovation (DOI) theory. …

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Early Information Access To Alleviate Emergency Department Congestion, Anjee Gorkhali Jul 2019

Early Information Access To Alleviate Emergency Department Congestion, Anjee Gorkhali

Theses and Dissertations in Business Administration

Alleviating Emergency Department (ED) congestion results in shorter hospital stay which not only reduces the cost of medical procedure but also increase the hospital performance. Length of patient stay is used to determine the hospital performance. Organization Information Processing (OIPT) Theory is used to explain the impact of information access and availability on the information processing need and ability of a hospital. Technical devices such as RFID that works as “Auto Identification tags” is suggested to increase the information availability as well as the information processing capability of the hospitals. This study suggests that the OIPT needs to be further …

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Using Feature Extraction From Deep Convolutional Neural Networks For Pathological Image Analysis And Its Visual Interpretability, Wei-Wen Hsu Jul 2019

Using Feature Extraction From Deep Convolutional Neural Networks For Pathological Image Analysis And Its Visual Interpretability, Wei-Wen Hsu

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation presents a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system using deep learning approaches for lesion detection and classification on whole-slide images (WSIs) with breast cancer. The deep features being distinguishing in classification from the convolutional neural networks (CNN) are demonstrated in this study to provide comprehensive interpretability for the proposed CAD system using the domain knowledge in pathology. In the experiment, a total of 186 slides of WSIs were collected and classified into three categories: Non-Carcinoma, Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS), and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC). Instead of conducting pixel-wise classification (segmentation) into three classes directly, a hierarchical framework with the …

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Odu Study Puts The Estimated Price Tag Of A Major Hurricane In Hampton Roads At $40 Billion Or More, News @ Odu Jun 2019

Odu Study Puts The Estimated Price Tag Of A Major Hurricane In Hampton Roads At $40 Billion Or More, News @ Odu

News Items

No abstract provided.

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