Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

University of Kentucky

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 2611 - 2640 of 12002

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Physical And Quality Seed Traits Observed In New Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan) Hybrids, R. Usberti, J. A. Usberti Jr., R. H. Aguiar, F. C. Simoes, F. N. Cavalcante, M. Harris, Maria T. Colozza, J. C. T. Freitas Apr 2023

Physical And Quality Seed Traits Observed In New Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan) Hybrids, R. Usberti, J. A. Usberti Jr., R. H. Aguiar, F. C. Simoes, F. N. Cavalcante, M. Harris, Maria T. Colozza, J. C. T. Freitas

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Pigeon pea seed production may be affected by factors such as % of pure seeds, mean seed weight, incidence of pests and diseases and environmental stresses. Harvested seeds from different cultivars may also vary in germination %, hardseededness and germination speed. Hardseededness (seed coat impermeability to water) commonly occurs in forage legume species (Hopkinson, 1993). There is considerable variation among different entries for seed characters but this is not considered within genetic materials. This research analysed harvested seeds of selected individuals of two segregating F2 pigeon pea populations for the above cited traits and assessed the range of variation …

Go to article

Genetic Variability Of Yield And Its Components In Winter Forage Pea Cultivars, V. Mihailović, A. Mikić, Đ. Karagić, S. Katić, I. Pataki Apr 2023

Genetic Variability Of Yield And Its Components In Winter Forage Pea Cultivars, V. Mihailović, A. Mikić, Đ. Karagić, S. Katić, I. Pataki

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The genus Pisum (peas) is rich in variability of morphological traits. It provides an excellent basis for breeding, but is also one of the reasons for the still undefined status of Pisum taxons (Mihailović et al., 2004a). The majority of forage pea cultivars used belongs to subspecies sativum and variety arvense (Maxted & Ambrose, 2000). The objective of our study was to determine genetic variability of yield and its components in six winter forage pea cultivars of different origin and to evaluate their breeding potential.

Go to article

Agronomic Characteristics Of Novi Sad Winter Vetch Cultivars, V. Mihailović, A. Mikić, B. Ćupina, S. Vasiljević, D. Milić Apr 2023

Agronomic Characteristics Of Novi Sad Winter Vetch Cultivars, V. Mihailović, A. Mikić, B. Ćupina, S. Vasiljević, D. Milić

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Genus Vicia. contains important annual food and forage species such as field bean, V. faba., narbon vetch, V. narbonensis, and common vetch, V. sativa (Maxted, 1995), while Hungarian V. pannonica Crantz and hairy vetch V. villosa also play an important role in the Balkans. Winter vetches are excellent forage catch crops useful for sustainable agriculture and organic farming (Ċupina et al., 2004). Our study was aimed at determining the agronomic characteristics of the winter vetch cultivars developed in Novi Sad, assessing thus their ability for successful growing in the prevailing conditions of Serbia and Montenegro.

Go to article

New Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan) Hybrids With Desirable Forage Traits, P. B. Alcantara, J. A. Usberti Jr., C. A. Colombo, V. B. G. Alcantara, R. Usberti, M. A. C. Lucena, M. Harris Apr 2023

New Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan) Hybrids With Desirable Forage Traits, P. B. Alcantara, J. A. Usberti Jr., C. A. Colombo, V. B. G. Alcantara, R. Usberti, M. A. C. Lucena, M. Harris

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Pigeon pea is a tropical forage legume usually sown in mixed pastures with tropical forage grasses. Most of the available cultivars shows erect and tall plants with poor tillering potential, breakable thick stems, low leaf/stem ratios (fresh/dry matter) and low persistence under animal grazing. It shows a high dry matter production, due to low leaf/stem ratios (Barnes & Addo, 1997). Pigeon pea shows good crude protein levels/dry matter (ranging from 14-23%) and regular in vitro digestibility indexes (52-58%) (Karachi & Matata, 1996); animal consumption is affected by high tannin levels of young leaves. Being a self-pollinated species, the variability for …

Go to article

Development Of High-Yielding And Early-Maturing Korean Hairy Vetch, C. N. Shin, K. H. Ko Apr 2023

Development Of High-Yielding And Early-Maturing Korean Hairy Vetch, C. N. Shin, K. H. Ko

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

There are a number of forage cultivars recommended by the government, but only a few winter-spring legumes are available for the farmers in Korea. Hairy vetch has superior winter hardiness and produces high dry matter (DM) yield compared with crimson clover, Persian clover, rose clover, common vetch and Chinese milk vetch in Korea. However, under a double cropping forage production system an early maturing vetch cultivar was more productive than a late maturing one (Shin et al., 2000). The objective of this research was to develop a high yielding and early flowering new hairy vetch cultivar derived from an …

Go to article

Seasonal Variation Of Tannin Content On Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp) Plants, Rodolfo Godoy, P. M. Santos, L. A. R. Batista Apr 2023

Seasonal Variation Of Tannin Content On Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan (L.) Millsp) Plants, Rodolfo Godoy, P. M. Santos, L. A. R. Batista

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Tannins reduce forage digestibility and palatability by reacting with proteins (Makkar, 1989) and due to that, tannin content is considered to be an important characteristic of leguminous crops and it has been used as a selection criterion on pigeon-pea improvement programs (Godoy et al., 1994). In Southeastern Brazil, pigeon pea is less consumed by bovines in the rainy season (October through March) than in the dry season (from April on), when flowering occurs. Alencar et al. (1991) found very little consumption by Canchim cows during the rainy season, and Lourenço et al. (1984) recommend pigeon-pea for feeding bovines in …

Go to article

Breeding Lotus Australis Andrews For Low Cyanide Content, D. Real, G. A. Sandral, J. Warden, L. Nutt, R. Bennett, D. Kidd Apr 2023

Breeding Lotus Australis Andrews For Low Cyanide Content, D. Real, G. A. Sandral, J. Warden, L. Nutt, R. Bennett, D. Kidd

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Lotus australis Andrews is a native perennial tetraploid legume (2n=4x=28) widely distributed throughout Australia (Figure 1). It is highly variable with 14 botanical varieties reported in the Australian Plant Name Index (http://www.anbg.gov.au). Despite broad adaptation within L. australis no cultivars have been developed for cultivation. One of the main barriers to cultivation is the reported cyanogenic nature of the species (Foulds, 1982), which makes it potentially toxic when plant cyanogenic glycosides are fully hydrolysed to form hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Foulds (1982) also reported that the cyanophoric trait was polymorphic at seedling and adult stages with 12% of plants acyanogenic in …

Go to article

Analysis Of Genetic Diversity In White Clover (Trifolium Repens) Breeding Populations Using Agro-Morphological And Rapd Markers, T. R. Sharma, S. Singh, R. Rathour, S. K. Sharma Apr 2023

Analysis Of Genetic Diversity In White Clover (Trifolium Repens) Breeding Populations Using Agro-Morphological And Rapd Markers, T. R. Sharma, S. Singh, R. Rathour, S. K. Sharma

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

White clover is an important forage legume for temperate regions, but very little is known about the genetic organisation of its breeding populations. The low amount of variability in the Indian collections of white clover for genetic improvement warrants the introduction of new germplasm and collecting local ecotypes for characterisation, utilisation and conservation. Several molecular techniques have been used for germplasm characterisation, variety identification, marker development and identification, molecular diagnostics, phylogenetic studies and diversity analysis. Because of its simplicity, rapidity and reliability, the RAPD technique has been used extensively for diversity analysis. The present study aims at characterising white clover …

Go to article

Concurrent Selection For Low Coumarin And Multi-Stemmed Crowns In Annual Sweetclover, Gerald R. Smith, G. W. Evers Apr 2023

Concurrent Selection For Low Coumarin And Multi-Stemmed Crowns In Annual Sweetclover, Gerald R. Smith, G. W. Evers

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Annual sweetclover (Melilotus alba Desr) is a reseeding, drought tolerant forage legume that is well adapted to the alkaline and neutral soils of the US Southern Great Plains. Coumarin is a phytochemical found in sweetclover that is a precursor to dicoumarol, which causes a toxic bleeding disease in cattle. The inheritance of low coumarin in sweetclover is determined by a single gene (Goplen et al., 1957), but current low coumarin cultivars are all biennial, northern types. The ability of annual sweetclover to develop a multi-stemmed crown, similar to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), is also under genetic control …

Go to article

Improving The Utilisation Of Germplasm Of Trifolium Spumosum L. By The Development Of A Core Collection Using Ecogeographical And Molecular Techniques, K. Ghamkhar, R. Snowball, S. J. Bennett Apr 2023

Improving The Utilisation Of Germplasm Of Trifolium Spumosum L. By The Development Of A Core Collection Using Ecogeographical And Molecular Techniques, K. Ghamkhar, R. Snowball, S. J. Bennett

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

A core collection is a sub-set encompassing more than 70% of the variability of all accessions held in a collection (Brown 1995), the development of one for Trifolium spumosum (bladder clover) could assist in future development of the cultivar within southern Australia. The aim of this work is to develop a core collection of Trifolium spumosum as a model for other pasture legume species using molecular and ecogeographical data.

Go to article

Evaluation Of White Clover Breeding Lines In The Australasian Region, Mohamed Z. Z. Jahufer, D. R. Woodfield, J. L. Ford, K. H. Widdup, J. F. Ayres, L. A. Lane Apr 2023

Evaluation Of White Clover Breeding Lines In The Australasian Region, Mohamed Z. Z. Jahufer, D. R. Woodfield, J. L. Ford, K. H. Widdup, J. F. Ayres, L. A. Lane

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

The accuracy of predicting breeding line performance across target environments is a significant criterion in the development of cultivars with broad or specific adaptation. This paper characterises the type and magnitude of genotype-by-environment (GE) interactions estimated from a multi-site white clover (Trifolium repens L.) breeding line evaluation trial conducted across sites in New Zealand and Australia.

Go to article

Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis Of Morphogenetic And Developmental Traits In An Ssr And Aflp-Based Genetic Map Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.), M. T. Abberton, N. O. I. Cogan, K. F. Smith, G. Kearney, A. H. Marshall, A. Williams, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, C. Bowen, E. S. Jones, A. C. Vecchies, J. W. Forster Apr 2023

Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis Of Morphogenetic And Developmental Traits In An Ssr And Aflp-Based Genetic Map Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.), M. T. Abberton, N. O. I. Cogan, K. F. Smith, G. Kearney, A. H. Marshall, A. Williams, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, C. Bowen, E. S. Jones, A. C. Vecchies, J. W. Forster

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Molecular marker-assisted plant breeding is a key target for the temperate legume pasture crop white clover (Trifolium repens L.). The first genetic linkage map of white clover has been constructed using self-fertile mutants to derive an intercross based fourth and fifth generation inbred parental genotypes (F2[I.4R x I.5J]). The framework map was constructed using simple sequence repeat (TRSSR) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Eighteen linkage groups (LG) corresponding to the anticipated 16 chromosomes of white clover (2n = 4x = 32), with a total map length of 825 cM were derived from a total of …

Go to article

Quantifying The Variation In Protein Content In White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.), A. H. Marshall, E. Sizer, A. Kingston-Smith, A. Williams, M. T. Abberton Apr 2023

Quantifying The Variation In Protein Content In White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.), A. H. Marshall, E. Sizer, A. Kingston-Smith, A. Williams, M. T. Abberton

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is the main legume in temperate pastures. It has relatively low levels of water-soluble carbohydrate but produces forage of high quality with a high crude protein (CP) content and dry-matter digestibility (Beever, 1993). Some studies have suggested that the forage quality of white clover can be problematic because its high CP content may contribute to inefficient use of nitrogen in the rumen and exacerbate diffuse pollution via excreta (Waghorn & Caradus, 1994). The development of white clover germplasm with lower CP content would potentially benefit forage production and grassland management. A study was carried …

Go to article

New Approaches To Clover Breeding, M. T. Abberton, T. A. Williams, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, A. H. Marshall, C. Jones, E. Sizer-Coverdale, R. P. Collins Apr 2023

New Approaches To Clover Breeding, M. T. Abberton, T. A. Williams, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, A. H. Marshall, C. Jones, E. Sizer-Coverdale, R. P. Collins

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) and red clover (T. pratense) are the major forage legumes of temperate pastures. Breeding efforts have focused on overcoming the constraints to productivity and reliability in this species and thereby optimising their contribution to mixed swards. In recent years there has been an increased emphasis on livestock production and the efficient utilisation of forage material in the rumen. In this paper we report on a shift in the aims of forage legume breeding at IGER, building on a strong agronomic platform but giving greater consideration to the environmental footprint of our varieties …

Go to article

Forage Quality Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) X Ball Clover (T.Nigrescens Viv.) Hybrids Over Three Harvest Years, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, M. T. Abberton, A. H. Marshall, T. A. Williams, H. G. Powell, P. Olyott Apr 2023

Forage Quality Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) X Ball Clover (T.Nigrescens Viv.) Hybrids Over Three Harvest Years, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, M. T. Abberton, A. H. Marshall, T. A. Williams, H. G. Powell, P. Olyott

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Introgression of reproductive traits from the annual, profusely flowering species ball clover into white clover is one route to improve seed yields in T.repens. The interspecific cross produced F1, backcross 1 (BC1), backcross 2 (BC2) and backcross 3 (BC3) plants with white clover as recurrent parent (Marshall et al., 2002). These hybrids were found to be comparable with white clover for yield and persistency but produced 30% more flowers and their forage quality, relative to white clover was investigated.

Go to article

Forage Quality Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) X Caucasian Clover (T.Ambiguum Bieb.) Hybrids Over Three Harvest Years, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, A. H. Marshall, M. T. Abberton, T. A. Williams, P. Olyott, H. G. Powell Apr 2023

Forage Quality Of White Clover (Trifolium Repens L.) X Caucasian Clover (T.Ambiguum Bieb.) Hybrids Over Three Harvest Years, T. P. T. Michaelson-Yeates, A. H. Marshall, M. T. Abberton, T. A. Williams, P. Olyott, H. G. Powell

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Interspecific hybrids have been produced from crosses of white clover, a stoloniferous species with Caucasian clover, a rhizomatous species. Using white clover as the recurrent parent first and second generation backcross (BC1 and BC2) plants have been produced that have both rhizomes and stolons and are more drought tolerant than white clover (Marshall et al., 2001). Forage quality of these interspecific hybrids was investigated to determine whether introgression of the rhizomatous trait has any impact on forage quality.

Go to article

Breeding White Clover With Improved Tolerance Of Nitrogen Fertiliser, T. A. Williams, M. T. Abberton, P. Olyott Apr 2023

Breeding White Clover With Improved Tolerance Of Nitrogen Fertiliser, T. A. Williams, M. T. Abberton, P. Olyott

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

White clover (Trifolium repens L.) is often considered a forage legume with a primary use in 'low input/ low output' systems. One facet of this is the perception that the persistency of this species is poor when Nitrogen (N) fertiliser is applied. However, new varieties of white clover are able to play a significant role in highly productive systems (Williams et al., 2000) and show consistent yields over ten years at a range of applied N levels (Williams et al., 2003). Germplasm improvement for nitrogen tolerance has been carried out with the aim of not only allowing white …

Go to article

Evaluation Of A White Clover Variety With Increased Resistance To Stem Nematode (Ditylenchus Dipsaci) Under Sheep Grazing And Cutting, T. A. Williams, M. T. Abberton, K. A. Mizen, P. Olyott, R. Cook Apr 2023

Evaluation Of A White Clover Variety With Increased Resistance To Stem Nematode (Ditylenchus Dipsaci) Under Sheep Grazing And Cutting, T. A. Williams, M. T. Abberton, K. A. Mizen, P. Olyott, R. Cook

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn) Filipjev) is a major pest of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) in UK pastures (Cook et al., 1992a) and in other parts of the world. In a previous trial, resistant and susceptible selections yielded the same in three years in the absence of the nematode but, on infested plots, the susceptible yielded the same as the resistant selection in year 1 but only 68 and 58% in years 2 and 3, as the nematode infestation increased (Cook et al., 1992b). We have now developed varieties with enhanced resistance to this pest …

Go to article

Relationships Between Nitrogenase Activity, Dry Forage And Water Soluble Carbohydrates Content Of Selected Red Clover Genotypes, T. Simon, H. Jakesova Apr 2023

Relationships Between Nitrogenase Activity, Dry Forage And Water Soluble Carbohydrates Content Of Selected Red Clover Genotypes, T. Simon, H. Jakesova

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Improving N2 fixation of perennial forage legumes through selection and breeding reduce reliance on soil N and N fertiliser, whilst enhancing residual benefits to subsequent crops and increasing legume forage dry matter (DM) yield. Simultaneously with the selection for enhanced N fixation, new legume genotypes should be evaluated on forage quality, especially nutrient concentration and dry matter digestibility.

Go to article

Evaluation Of Lucerne Cultivars For Dry Matter And Seed Production In Latvia, S. Rancane, M. Sparnina Apr 2023

Evaluation Of Lucerne Cultivars For Dry Matter And Seed Production In Latvia, S. Rancane, M. Sparnina

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Lucerne is highly productivity and has a high quality. Nevertheless, lucerne growing in Latvia is limited, because of a large area of acid soils (pHKCl<5.8) as well as low and unstable seed yields (Berzins, 2002). In recent years lucerne has taken a more important place in forage production in Latvia, because it is a fast growing crop and in good years gives 3-4 harvests per season. It is important to determine which cultivars of lucerne are more productive and give good seed yields every year in Latvia (Luksa, 2002).

Go to article

Factor Analysis Of Components Of Yield And Quality Traits In Lucerne (Medicago Sativa), A. A. Jafari, A. Ghamari Zare Apr 2023

Factor Analysis Of Components Of Yield And Quality Traits In Lucerne (Medicago Sativa), A. A. Jafari, A. Ghamari Zare

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Lucerne (Medicago sativa) originated from Iran and is one of the most important forage species in this country. The improvement in yield and quality traits are important objectives in breeding programmes. Smith et al. (1997) indicated that in the context of dairy production ranked digestibility was the most important criterion whilst high crude protein and low fibre content were of moderate priority. This study sought to determine the dependence relationships between yield, morphological and quality traits in 64 genotypes.

Go to article

Genetic Variability In Different Lucerne (Medicago Sativa) Genotypes, V. Mikić, J. Radović, Z. Lugić, D. Lazarević Apr 2023

Genetic Variability In Different Lucerne (Medicago Sativa) Genotypes, V. Mikić, J. Radović, Z. Lugić, D. Lazarević

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

One of the basic goals of modern lucerne breeding programmes is creation of new cultivars with a great potential for high quality and stable yields of both forage and hay (Riday & Brummer, 2002). Such cultivars meet increased needs of animal husbandry and must contribute to diverse farming systems (Luki , 2000). Our trial was aimed at determining genetic variability of yield components in 7 lucerne genotypes, as well as at evaluation of their breeding potential as gene donors to new lucerne cultivars

Go to article

Aluminum Tolerance In The Model Legume Medicago Truncatula, M. K. Sledge, B. Narasimhamoorthy, P. Pechter, J. H. Bouton Apr 2023

Aluminum Tolerance In The Model Legume Medicago Truncatula, M. K. Sledge, B. Narasimhamoorthy, P. Pechter, J. H. Bouton

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Aluminum (Al) is the most abundant metal found in the earth's crust, comprising up to 7% of its mass. At low pH, Al becomes soluble and available to plants, resulting in inhibition of root elongation and reduced plant growth. Aluminum toxicity associated with acid soils has been a major obstacle in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) production. The objective of this study is to identify genes that are differentially expressed under normal and Al stress conditions in the model legume M. truncatula, with the long term goal of using these genes to improve cultivated alfalfa.

Go to article

Persistence And Yield Of Ten Lucerne Cultivars Under Dryland And Heavy Continuous Grazing In The Western Cape Province Of South Africa, J. M. Van Heerden Apr 2023

Persistence And Yield Of Ten Lucerne Cultivars Under Dryland And Heavy Continuous Grazing In The Western Cape Province Of South Africa, J. M. Van Heerden

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Pastures in the Rûens region of the Western Cape are mainly legume based with lucerne being the most important and productive legume used (van Heerden & Tainton, 1987). Most pastures are sown to the land race cultivar SA Standard (SAS). Grazing resistance of SAS is high, but relative to other imported cultivars resistance to endemic insect and other pests is poor. This study therefore involves the evaluation for yield and persistence of nine new cultivars compared to SAS under local grazing conditions.

Go to article

The Genetic Charactaristic Of Salt Tolerance At The Stage Of Seed Germination In Lucerne, H. Zhou, Q. Yang Apr 2023

The Genetic Charactaristic Of Salt Tolerance At The Stage Of Seed Germination In Lucerne, H. Zhou, Q. Yang

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Superweak luminescence exists in all animal and plants; it shows important genetic information. We report the relationship between superweak luminescence and genetic characteristics to salt resistant in lucerne (Medicago sativa). The method can quickly and exactly evaluate the salt-resistance of plants.

Go to article

Molecular Clone Of The Na+/H+ Antiporter Gene Atnhx1 And Study Of Transgenic Salt Tolerant Lucerne, Q. Yang, H. Zhou, Y. N. Tongquan Apr 2023

Molecular Clone Of The Na+/H+ Antiporter Gene Atnhx1 And Study Of Transgenic Salt Tolerant Lucerne, Q. Yang, H. Zhou, Y. N. Tongquan

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Lucerne (Medicago sativa) with its good quality and ease of cultivation occupies an important position in animal feeding. Salinity is a major constraint of crop productivity, because it reduces yield and limits expansion of agriculture. Na+ /H+ antiporter catalyses the counter transport of Na+ and H+ across membranes. Vacuolar Na+ /H+ antiporter plays an important role in developing salt-tolerance of plants. Therefore, we could use the gene involved in this mechanism to modify salt tolerance of lucerne.

Go to article

Leaves Of High Yielding Perennial Ryegrass Contain Less Aggregated Rubisco Than S23, A. Kingston-Smith, P. W. Wilkins Apr 2023

Leaves Of High Yielding Perennial Ryegrass Contain Less Aggregated Rubisco Than S23, A. Kingston-Smith, P. W. Wilkins

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Breeding diploid perennial ryegrass for improved dry matter yield under nitrogen-limiting conditions has reduced the nitrogen (N) concentration of the herbage (Wilkins et al., 2003). Reduced N concentration in the ruminant diet is one potential way to reduce losses of N to the environment by reducing the amount of N that animals excrete. The underlying physiological basis of this increased N-use efficiency in ryegrass was investigated.

Go to article

Thoughts On Breeding For Increased Forage Yield, E. C. Brummer Apr 2023

Thoughts On Breeding For Increased Forage Yield, E. C. Brummer

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Most forage crops have not experienced yield gains as impressive as those observed in annual grains crops such as maize (Zea mays L); in fact, yield improvement in lucerne appears to have stopped in the Midwestern USA (Riday and Brummer, 2002). I contend that much of this disparity can be explained by a failure of breeders to pursue long term recurrent selection programs within populations to capitalize on small, incremental improvements in yield over time. Many selection programs last only two or three cycles, resulting in a germplasm or cultivar release. Either no further selection is attempted or the …

Go to article

Effects Of A Recurrent Selection Scheme, Applied To An Interspecific Hybrid Pennisetum Purpureum Schum. (Elephantgrass) X Pennisetum Glaucum (L.) R. Br. Stuntz (Pearl Millet), On Several Seed Quality Parameters, R. Usberti, J. A. Usberti Jr., R. H. Aguiar, L. M. T. A. Carneiro, J. B. Fantinati, F. G. Francisco Apr 2023

Effects Of A Recurrent Selection Scheme, Applied To An Interspecific Hybrid Pennisetum Purpureum Schum. (Elephantgrass) X Pennisetum Glaucum (L.) R. Br. Stuntz (Pearl Millet), On Several Seed Quality Parameters, R. Usberti, J. A. Usberti Jr., R. H. Aguiar, L. M. T. A. Carneiro, J. B. Fantinati, F. G. Francisco

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Elephantgrass cultivars and introductions show practically no viable pure seeds and their uses in cultivated grasslands are exclusively dependent on vegetative propagation. Therefore, in large areas, sowing operation costs make unfeasible setting up new pastures. On the other hand, pearl millet is a high seed producer species though presenting some forage constraints (poor forage production, low regrowth potential after cutting or grazing and low field persistence). Recently, an hexaploid interespecific hybrid between the two species was developed (Schank & Diz, 1996), which is able to produce viable pure seeds, in variable amounts according to the genotype considered (Diz & Schank, …

Go to article

Participatory Collection Of Forage Species In Uruguay, Mónica Rebuffo, Federico Condon, María José Cuitiño Apr 2023

Participatory Collection Of Forage Species In Uruguay, Mónica Rebuffo, Federico Condon, María José Cuitiño

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Local landraces are potential valuable gene sources with benefits for local agriculture. However, their in situ conservation depends on the personal motivation of farmers and the permanence of traditional farming methods (Negri, 2003). There is the latent risk of loosing landraces and site-specific naturalized germplasm due to rapid socio-economic changes in Uruguayan agriculture. Participatory conservation can provide the necessary synergy between farmers, extension services, geneticists and genebank to achieve the goal of conserving these genetic resources. Although farmers' involvement in germplasm collection is common, particularly for vegetable crops, most forage collections had been done from fields or sideroad areas, therefore …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last