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Articles 3571 - 3600 of 3859

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

A Perçu Sur La Composition, I'Origine Et La Formation De La Faune Cavernicole De La Stara Planina Occidentale (Bulgarie), Petar Beron Jan 1978

A Perçu Sur La Composition, I'Origine Et La Formation De La Faune Cavernicole De La Stara Planina Occidentale (Bulgarie), Petar Beron

International Journal of Speleology

The karstic area between the rivers Timok and Vit has about 500 caves and pot-holes, more than 300 of them being the subject of the present study. In this area (called here Western Stara Planina) we have noted 63 species and subspecies of terrestrial troglobites and 17 species and subspecies of aquatic troglobites. The two Regions into which we split the area (region of Ogosta and Region of Iskar) are the richest in cave fauna of Bulgaria. This study deals with the particularities in the composition and the distribution of the different groups of terrestrial troglobites, and especially of such …

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Observations Sur I'Écologie Et La Distribution Des Turbellariés Tricladides Dépigmentés Et Anophtalmes De Roumanie, L. Botosaneanu Jan 1978

Observations Sur I'Écologie Et La Distribution Des Turbellariés Tricladides Dépigmentés Et Anophtalmes De Roumanie, L. Botosaneanu

International Journal of Speleology

Twenty-two localities, where unpigmented and mostly blind tricladid turbellarians (Dendrocoelidae and Fonticola) were discovered by the author, are described in more or less detail. These animals are particularly well represented in Romania; the explanation is that they are expansive offshoots of a fauna formerly inhabiting the huge brackish or freshwater lakes which covered most of this country during the Neogene (and especially the Sarmatian). Different species are inhabitants of different particular habitats of the underground water realm, and the author distinguishes between species inhabiting cave waters, typical phreatobionts, hyporheic species and species living in springs or springbrooks. These species are …

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Studies Of The Cave Crayfish, Orconectes Inermis Inermis Cope (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Part Iv: Mark-Recapture Procedures For Estimating Population Size And Movements Of Individuals, Horton H. Hobbs Iii Jan 1978

Studies Of The Cave Crayfish, Orconectes Inermis Inermis Cope (Decapoda, Cambaridae). Part Iv: Mark-Recapture Procedures For Estimating Population Size And Movements Of Individuals, Horton H. Hobbs Iii

International Journal of Speleology

Several methods for permanently marking cavernicolous crayfishes were investigated prior to initiation of field work in Pless Cave, Lawrence County, Indiana. Internally injected ink complemented with external “painting” proved to be a most satisfactory tagging procedure. During the two-year study period 211 individuals of the troglobitic crayfish Orconectes inermis inermis Cope were marked; 96 tagged individuals were recaptured at least once, a 46% recapture rate. The population size was estimated to be 1586 +/- 79 (95% C.L.) over the 540 m subterranean stream study area and remained relatively stable during the period of 1970 to 1972. The home range of …

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Diplopoda From Papuan Caves (Zoological Results Of The British Speleological Expedition To Papua-New Guinea, 1975, 4), Richard L. Hoffman Jan 1978

Diplopoda From Papuan Caves (Zoological Results Of The British Speleological Expedition To Papua-New Guinea, 1975, 4), Richard L. Hoffman

International Journal of Speleology

Eight species of polydesmoid millipeds are described from the caves of the extreme northwestern corner of Papua New Guinea. Four new genera are named: in Paradoxosomatidae, Selminosoma, type S. chapmani; Astromontosoma, type A. jeekeli; in Doratodesmidae, Scolopopyge, type S. pholeter; Selminarchus, type S. hispidus. Two additional new species are referred to established genera Eustrongylosoma exiguum and Nothrosoma beroni, the latter, however, (known only from females) is probably referable to a new genus. Selminosoma chapmani appears both from its structure and biology to be a true troglobite, the first such species known in the Paradoxosomatidae. The two doratodesmid species extend the …

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A Contribution To The Study Of The Genus Porrhomma (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Notes On A Population Of P. Egeria (Simon) And Other Cavernicolous Species, J. D. Bourne Jan 1978

A Contribution To The Study Of The Genus Porrhomma (Araneae: Linyphiidae). Notes On A Population Of P. Egeria (Simon) And Other Cavernicolous Species, J. D. Bourne

International Journal of Speleology

A morphological and biometrical study of a population of Porrhomma egeria (Simon) has allowed to determine that P. moravicum (Miller and Kratochvil) and P. obambulatum (Kritscher) belong to the same species and should thus be considered synonymous. The importance of biometric studies for the study of this Genus is emphasised.

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Bogidiella Martini, Un Nouvel Amphipode Souterrain De I'Ile Saint-Martin (Antilles) Et La Zoogéographie Des Bogidiellidae, Jan H. Stock Jan 1978

Bogidiella Martini, Un Nouvel Amphipode Souterrain De I'Ile Saint-Martin (Antilles) Et La Zoogéographie Des Bogidiellidae, Jan H. Stock

International Journal of Speleology

Both sexes of a new species of Bogidiella, B. martini, are described. The new species, with a very pronounced sexual dimorphism, has been discovered in two wells in the island of St.-Martin (French part), one of the Lesser Antilles. Another member of Bogidiella has been recorded from the island of Curaçao, but the specimens were damaged too much to allow proper description. The Bogidiellidae (5 genera, 26 named species, and several unnamed species) are present in the sea as well as in inland waters. The family has a wide distribution, exceeding the boundaries of the former Tethys Sea. Probably, …

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Humidity Responses And The Role Of Hamann's Organ Of Cavernicolous Bathysciinae (Coleoptera Catopidae), Marco Lucarelli, Valerio Sbordoni Jan 1978

Humidity Responses And The Role Of Hamann's Organ Of Cavernicolous Bathysciinae (Coleoptera Catopidae), Marco Lucarelli, Valerio Sbordoni

International Journal of Speleology

The humidity responses of Bathysciola derosasi and Leptodirus hohenwarti, two species of troglobitic Bathysciinae showing different degrees of adaptation to cave environment, have been studied. Intact and antennectomised subjects were tested using choice-chambers with various combinations of relative humidity alternatives (i.e. 20-100%, 50-100%, 90-100%, 50-90% and, as controls, 100-100%) to investigate the role played by the sense organs situated on the 7th, 9th and 10th antenna segments. The results show that intact-antenna subjects of both species are very sensitive to humidity gradients and that their intensity of reaction varies according to the intensity of stimulus, as previously reported by …

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Ostracodes Hypogés Du Sud De La France. 1. Mixtocandona Juberthieae N.Sp., Dan L. Danielopol Jan 1978

Ostracodes Hypogés Du Sud De La France. 1. Mixtocandona Juberthieae N.Sp., Dan L. Danielopol

International Journal of Speleology

The description of Mixtacandona juberthieae n.sp. is presented. The new species belongs to the group taurica and has been found in the karstic system of the Vidourle river at Sauve (Gard).

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The Development Of Limestone Cave Systems In The Dimensions Of Length And Depth, Derek Clifford Ford, R. O. Ewers Jan 1978

The Development Of Limestone Cave Systems In The Dimensions Of Length And Depth, Derek Clifford Ford, R. O. Ewers

International Journal of Speleology

Karst caves are defined as solutional cavities 5-16 mm in diameter and discussion is limited to cases where such continuously extend to a surficial input or output or both. Three opposed sets of general genetic hypotheses (“the classical hypotheses”) have been presented for such caves, Arguing that the majority develop 1) in the vadose zone 2) in the phreatic zone 3) proximate and parallel to a watertable. It is contended here that vadose, phreatìc and watertable caves are all of common occurrence and may be linked in one genetic theory. A four state model is proposed in which ideal phreatic …

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Sui Rhachomyces (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales) Parassiti Dei Duvalius Italiani (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini), W. Rossi Jan 1978

Sui Rhachomyces (Ascomycetes, Laboulbeniales) Parassiti Dei Duvalius Italiani (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini), W. Rossi

International Journal of Speleology

The systematic position, variability and distribution of the two species of Rhachomyces parasitic on Italian Duvalius are defined on the basis of several new findings. Rhachomyces stipitatus Thaxter was found in Liguria, central Italy, Sicily and Sardinia; its synonymy with R. capucinus Thaxter is confirmed and the ssp. pallidus Maire is considered of no systematic relevance. R. maublancii, whose position is regularized by a Latin validating diagnosis, was only found on the Alps and previous records in other countries are questioned.

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The Discovery Of Proteus-Eggs (Proteus Anguinus Laurenti, Amphibia) In Seminatural Conditions, B. Sket, F. Velkovrh Jan 1978

The Discovery Of Proteus-Eggs (Proteus Anguinus Laurenti, Amphibia) In Seminatural Conditions, B. Sket, F. Velkovrh

International Journal of Speleology

Proteus-eggs were found for the first time in the nature, drifted out of a karstic spring. They were obtained from the Vir Spring al Sticna, 30 km ESE of Ljubljana. The hydrological and faunistical data indicate that Proteus lays its eggs also in “unsheltered”, energetically rich groundwater habitats.

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The Fine Structure Of Hamann's Organ In Leptodirus Hohenwarti, A Highly Specialized Cave Bathysciinae (Coleoptera, Catopidae), Fiorenza Accordi, Valerio Sbordoni Jan 1978

The Fine Structure Of Hamann's Organ In Leptodirus Hohenwarti, A Highly Specialized Cave Bathysciinae (Coleoptera, Catopidae), Fiorenza Accordi, Valerio Sbordoni

International Journal of Speleology

Hamann’s organ in Leptodirus hohenwarti a highly specialized cave Bathysciinae, has been studied under the TEM, SEM and light microscope. This receptor organ located in the 7th, 9th and 10th antennal articles and previously referred to as the “vesicule olfactive” and as the “antennal organ” or “antennal vesicle”, reaches its highest degree of structural complexity in leptodirus. This paper attempts to establish some degree of synonymy among the terms used by earlier authors in describing the various antennal parts and sensilla. Five types of sensilla to be found in the organ are described, namely cribrose-stick sensilla, cribrose-utricular sensilla, star-shaped sensilla, …

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Notes Éco-Éthologiques Et Parasitologiques Sur Les Chiroptères Cavernicoles Du Shaba (Zaïre), M. Anciaux De Faveaux Jan 1978

Notes Éco-Éthologiques Et Parasitologiques Sur Les Chiroptères Cavernicoles Du Shaba (Zaïre), M. Anciaux De Faveaux

International Journal of Speleology

After a brief analysis of the elements of the cavernicolous microclimate in Shaba, the author emphasizes the possibility of relations between ecology and parasitism. He then reviews the 9 species of Chiroptera that live in the subterranean field in Shaba, pointing out their environmental habitat, behaviour and parasites.

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Ostracodes Du Sud De La France 2. Pseudocandona Simililampadis N.Sp., Dan L. Danielopol Jan 1978

Ostracodes Du Sud De La France 2. Pseudocandona Simililampadis N.Sp., Dan L. Danielopol

International Journal of Speleology

The description of Pseudocandona simililampadis n. sp. is presented. The new species belongs to the group schellenbergi and has been found in the karstic system of the Vidourle river at Sauve (Gard).

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Un Asellide Interstitiel Du Bassin De I'Ebre (Espagne): Proasellus Lescherae N.Sp. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Asellota), Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez Jan 1978

Un Asellide Interstitiel Du Bassin De I'Ebre (Espagne): Proasellus Lescherae N.Sp. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Asellota), Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Proasellus lescherae n.sp. is a little, interstitial species, living in the underflow of Rio Guadalope Basin (a tributary of Ebro River). It is related to the water-slaters of the underground waters of the Pyreneo-cantabrigian region (the phyletic line of ProaselIus spelaeus Racovitza). The mean size of the reproductive females is very small (2.9 mm) and the brood contains only 6-10 eggs. Nevertheless, the size of the eggs and intramarsupial larval stages are the same as in epigean or hypogean species of the genus, which reach a larger adult size.

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Carotenoids In Niphargus Casimiriensis Skalski (Amphipoda) From Artesian Wells, B. Czeczuga, A. Skalski Jan 1978

Carotenoids In Niphargus Casimiriensis Skalski (Amphipoda) From Artesian Wells, B. Czeczuga, A. Skalski

International Journal of Speleology

By means of columnar and thin-layer chromatography, the presence of carotenoids in Niphargus casimiriensis Skalski from an artesian well was studied. There are qualitative and quantitative differences in the carotenoid contents of the Niphargus casimiriensis Skalski specimens.

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Un Nouveau Microparasellide Des Eaux Souterraines Phréatigues De I'Italie: Microcharon Arganoi N. Sp. (Crustacea: Isopoda), Giuseppe L. Pesce, Pierantonio Teté Jan 1978

Un Nouveau Microparasellide Des Eaux Souterraines Phréatigues De I'Italie: Microcharon Arganoi N. Sp. (Crustacea: Isopoda), Giuseppe L. Pesce, Pierantonio Teté

International Journal of Speleology

Microcharon arganoi, a new Microparasellid from subterranean waters of Southern Italy is described. For the shape and ornamentation of pleopod II of females and for the morphology of pleopod II of males, the new species is clearly related to the phyletic line which includes all the Western and French species of the genus. However, from all these species and from all the other ones M. arganoi differs by the ornamentation of the antennae, maxillipeds and pereiopeds, by the shape and ornamentation of pleopods I and II of males and II of females. and by ratio endopod/exopod of pleopod III. …

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Niveaux De Base Actuels Dans Les Principaux Canyons Du Languedoc Oriental Et Des Plans De Provence, G. Fabre, J. Nicod Jan 1978

Niveaux De Base Actuels Dans Les Principaux Canyons Du Languedoc Oriental Et Des Plans De Provence, G. Fabre, J. Nicod

International Journal of Speleology

In a karstic country cut by a canyon in which runs an allogenic river, there are several base levels (karstic, fluvial...); chiefly if the limestones develop greatly under the bottom of the gorge. The difficulty of characterizing them appears in all the definitions given. From the example of the three most important canyons of the Eastern Bas Languedoc (South-East of France) and with the different geological controls (s.l.) one ascertains that at present: a) When an allogenic and surface river is perennial without important loss there is a total connection between fluvial level and karstic base level. b) When an …

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Les Araignées Du Genre Rhode De Yougoslavie (Araneae, Dysderidae), C. L. Deeleman-Reinhold Jan 1978

Les Araignées Du Genre Rhode De Yougoslavie (Araneae, Dysderidae), C. L. Deeleman-Reinhold

International Journal of Speleology

Rhode magnifica n. sp. is described from a Montenegrine cave and Rhode stalitoides n. sp. from a Bosnian cave. There is a redescription of Rhode aspintfera (Nikolié). The author includes in the genus Rhode the species previously contained in the genera Harpassa and Typhlorhode. The northern Yugoslav genus Stalita and related genera are regarded to be the nearest relatives of Rhode and it is concluded that they have originated on the Balkan Peninsula from a common ancestor.

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Un Batrachuperus Adulte Dans Une Grotte D'Iran Espèce Nouvelle?, M. Clergue-Gazeau, J. P. Farcy Jan 1978

Un Batrachuperus Adulte Dans Une Grotte D'Iran Espèce Nouvelle?, M. Clergue-Gazeau, J. P. Farcy

International Journal of Speleology

During a speleological exploration of a cave in Iran, a species of Urodele Hynobiidae was found. This Batrachian is either a new species of the genus Batrachuperus or an adult form of the species Batrachuperus persieus previously only described in its larval and juvenile forms. Certain observable differences suggest that it can be considered a new species. Observations on its feeding habits indicate that the presence of this periodic trogloxene in the cave is not “accidental”, but that it remains there for a long period during its life cycle.

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Ecological Investigations Of The Influence Of A Polluted River On Surrounding Interstitial Underground Waters, Milan Meštrov, Romana Lattinger-Penko Jan 1978

Ecological Investigations Of The Influence Of A Polluted River On Surrounding Interstitial Underground Waters, Milan Meštrov, Romana Lattinger-Penko

International Journal of Speleology

Because of the fundamental biological investigations and also of the practical importance, the authors investigated interstitial subterranean water (hyporheic) near a polluted river Sava in the plain where the underground waters are considered as potable. With the comparison of the physical, chemical, bacteriological, saprobiological and faunistic characteristics of the river and its hyporheic zone in different seasons their mutual relation is detected. The results show the influence of polluted river water on the hyporheic water within the river bed to at least 2 m depth.

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Spontane Und Induzierte Aktivitätsmuster Bei Troglobionten Käfern (Genera Aphaenops, Geotrechus, Speonomus), G. Lamprecht, F. Weber Jan 1978

Spontane Und Induzierte Aktivitätsmuster Bei Troglobionten Käfern (Genera Aphaenops, Geotrechus, Speonomus), G. Lamprecht, F. Weber

International Journal of Speleology

In Constant temperature the troglobite beetles Aphaenops cerberus and pluto, Geotrechus orpheus and Speonomus diecki are aperiodically active. By periodogram analysis neither circadian nor ultradian or infradian periodic components can be found. Moreover there are no relevant correlations between the lengths of successive activity bursts and rest pauses. Consequently the activity patterns are stochasticly structured. In cases with constancy of activity respectively rest behaviour the probabilities for the transition from activity to rest and from rest to activity are computed using the Frequency histograms of lengths of activity bursts and rest pauses. The transition probability is time-invariant if the …

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Neue Und Interessante Milben Aus Dem Genfer Museum Xxxii. Zwei Neue Milbenarten (Acari: Acaridae) Aus Einer Höhle In Kenya, S. Mahunka Jan 1978

Neue Und Interessante Milben Aus Dem Genfer Museum Xxxii. Zwei Neue Milbenarten (Acari: Acaridae) Aus Einer Höhle In Kenya, S. Mahunka

International Journal of Speleology

From a sample of Acaridae mites collected in a Kenyan cave, two new species are described. For one of them a new genus is defined.

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Martel's La France Ignorée: New Information From Two Post Cards To His Publisher, Trevor R. Shaw Jan 1978

Martel's La France Ignorée: New Information From Two Post Cards To His Publisher, Trevor R. Shaw

International Journal of Speleology

Two recently discovered post cards written by Martel to his publisher provide new information on the date he completed the manuscript of the first volume of La France ignorée and on the progress of its printing.

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Une Espèce Inédite De Rhachomyees (Ascomycètes, Laboulbeniales) Parasite Du Carabique Troglobie, Speagonum Mirabile Moore De La Nouvelle-Guinée (Resultats Zoologiques De L'Expedition Spéléologique Britannique En Papouasie-Nouvelle Guinée, 1975, 3), Walter Rossi Jan 1978

Une Espèce Inédite De Rhachomyees (Ascomycètes, Laboulbeniales) Parasite Du Carabique Troglobie, Speagonum Mirabile Moore De La Nouvelle-Guinée (Resultats Zoologiques De L'Expedition Spéléologique Britannique En Papouasie-Nouvelle Guinée, 1975, 3), Walter Rossi

International Journal of Speleology

Rhachomyces beronii n. sp., parasitic on Speagonum mirabile Moore (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Anchomenini) from New Guinea, is described. The new species resembles Rhachomyces tenuis Thaxt, in general habit, but it differs from the latter in having a smaller receptacle, a larger and less pigmented perithecium, a different structure of the appendages and in the multiplication of appendiculate cells.

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The Tegumental Glands Of A Troglobitic Crustacean, L. Juberthie-Jupeau, Y. Crouau Jan 1978

The Tegumental Glands Of A Troglobitic Crustacean, L. Juberthie-Jupeau, Y. Crouau

International Journal of Speleology

Tegumental glands, located in the antennae of Antromysis juberthiei are present in males and females; in the antennulae each of them consists of 3 cells: a secretory cell of large size, an intermediary cell and a canal cell probably secretory in nature. The canal cell possesses an extracellular cavity with deep infoldings and microvilli between which the canal crinkles along. The intermediary cell is heavily provided with microfilaments. The secretory granules have an organized content.

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Magniezia Gardei N.Sp. (Crustacca Isopoda Asellote): Un Sténasellide Des Eaux Souterraines Du Maroc Sud-Oriental, Guy Magniez Jan 1978

Magniezia Gardei N.Sp. (Crustacca Isopoda Asellote): Un Sténasellide Des Eaux Souterraines Du Maroc Sud-Oriental, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

This new species has been discovered in the waters of Kef Aziza Cave, on the Saharian slopes of the High Atlas Range, Southeastern Morocco. Magniezia gardei n.sp. belongs to the same Genus as four species previously described from the phreatic waters of the Guinean area. So, it is assumed that this Moroccan species should be a relict of the ancient aquatic hypogean fauna of the entire West Africa, nowadays protected by the development of an arid climate.

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A Note On The Speleo-Minerals In South Korea, N. Kashima, M. S. Suh, S. K. Pae Jan 1978

A Note On The Speleo-Minerals In South Korea, N. Kashima, M. S. Suh, S. K. Pae

International Journal of Speleology

Description of a total of nine minerals found in ten caves of the middle Eastern part of the Korean peninsula.

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The Occurrence Of Metacyclops Subdolus Kiefer (Crustacea: Copepoda) In Subterranean Waters Of Greece With Remarks On Its Systematic Status, Giuseppe Lucio Pesce Jan 1978

The Occurrence Of Metacyclops Subdolus Kiefer (Crustacea: Copepoda) In Subterranean Waters Of Greece With Remarks On Its Systematic Status, Giuseppe Lucio Pesce

International Journal of Speleology

The paper gives new localities for the Copepod Metacyclops subdolus from Greece and Crete together with the main morphological and ecological features of the species.

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Réponses Locomotrices Du Poisson Cavernicole Astyanax Jordani (Pisces, Characidae) À Des Signaux Périodiques Et Apériodiques De Lumière Et De Température, G. Thines, M. Weyers Jan 1978

Réponses Locomotrices Du Poisson Cavernicole Astyanax Jordani (Pisces, Characidae) À Des Signaux Périodiques Et Apériodiques De Lumière Et De Température, G. Thines, M. Weyers

International Journal of Speleology

The locomotory activity of adult cave fishes Astyanax jordani was recorded in isolation in the following light and temperature conditions: constant conditions (100 Lx - 20°C), in a light cycle (LD:11/11 -10 Lx -100 Lx) and in a temperature cycle (11/11; 17/20, 19/22, 20/23, 27/30 °C). All longitudinal time series extended for a minimum of 30 days. Results show: (1) That no circadian regulation appears in constant conditions; (2) that passive entrainment occurs in LD (Amplitude: 90 Lx) and in periodic temperature conditions (Amplitude: 3°C). The entrainment effect damps out and varies individually; (3) that the mean activity increases with …

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