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Articles 271 - 300 of 4868

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Using Chronopotentiometry To Better Characterize The Charge Injection Mechanisms Of Platinum Electrodes Used In Bionic Devices, Alexander R. Harris, Carrie Newbold, Paul Carter, Robert Cowan, Gordon G. Wallace Jan 2019

Using Chronopotentiometry To Better Characterize The Charge Injection Mechanisms Of Platinum Electrodes Used In Bionic Devices, Alexander R. Harris, Carrie Newbold, Paul Carter, Robert Cowan, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The safe charge injection capacity and charge density of neural stimulating electrodes is based on empirical evidence obtained from stimulating feline cortices. Stimulation induced tissue damage may be caused by electrochemical or biological mechanisms. Separating these mechanisms requires greater understanding of charge transfer at the electrode-tissue interface. Clinical devices typically use a biphasic waveform with controlled current. Therefore, the charge injection mechanism and charge injection capacity of platinum was assessed on a commercial potentiostat by chronopotentiometry (controlled current stimulation). Platinum is a non-ideal electrode, charge injection by chronopotentiometry can be passed via capacitive and Faradaic mechanisms. Electrodes were tested under …

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Insight Of A Phase Compatible Surface Coating For Long-Durable Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode, Sijiang Hu, Yu Li, Yuhua Chen, Jiming Peng, Tengfei Zhou, Wei Kong Pang, Christophe R. Didier, Vanessa K. Peterson, Hongqiang Wang, Qingyu Li, Zaiping Guo Jan 2019

Insight Of A Phase Compatible Surface Coating For Long-Durable Li-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode, Sijiang Hu, Yu Li, Yuhua Chen, Jiming Peng, Tengfei Zhou, Wei Kong Pang, Christophe R. Didier, Vanessa K. Peterson, Hongqiang Wang, Qingyu Li, Zaiping Guo

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Li-rich layered oxides (LLOs) can deliver almost double the capacity of conventional electrode materials such as LiCoO2 and LiMn2O4; however, voltage fade and capacity degradation are major obstacles to the practical implementation of LLOs in high-energy lithium-ion batteries. Herein, hexagonal La0.8Sr0.2MnO3−y (LSM) is used as a protective and phase-compatible surface layer to stabilize the Li-rich layered Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 (LM) cathode material. The LSM is MnOMbonded at the LSM/LM interface and functions by preventing the migration of metal ions in the LM associated with capacity degradation as well as enhancing the electrical transfer and ionic conductivity at the interface. The LSM-coated LM …

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Simultaneous Tuning Of Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy And Spin Reorientation Transition Via Cu Substitution In Mn-Ni-Ga Magnets For Nanoscale Biskyrmion Formation, Guizhou Xu, Yurong You, Jiaxuan Tang, Hongguo Zhang, Hang Li, Xuefei Miao, Yuanyuan Gong, Zhipeng Hou, Zhenxiang Cheng, Jian Li Wang, Andrew J. Studer, Feng Xu, Wenhong Wang Jan 2019

Simultaneous Tuning Of Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy And Spin Reorientation Transition Via Cu Substitution In Mn-Ni-Ga Magnets For Nanoscale Biskyrmion Formation, Guizhou Xu, Yurong You, Jiaxuan Tang, Hongguo Zhang, Hang Li, Xuefei Miao, Yuanyuan Gong, Zhipeng Hou, Zhenxiang Cheng, Jian Li Wang, Andrew J. Studer, Feng Xu, Wenhong Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Skyrmions with multiple helicity or topology in centrosymmetric crystals are intriguing magnetic-domain objects due to their diverse dynamics under external stimuli. Here we illustrate how the two key gradients of magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) and spin reorientation transition (SRT) affect the skyrmion formation and topology by Cu substitution in the biskyrmion-host MnNiGa alloy. The MCA and SRT are simultaneously tuned in a large scope, while the original high Curie temperature (TC) is retained. Detailed neutron-scattering studies revealed the construction of a noncollinear canted magnetic structure below the SRT temperature (TSR), which effectively correlates the SRT with the evolution of the MCA, …

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Phase Evolution In Calcium Molybdate Nanoparticles As A Function Of Synthesis Temperature And Its Electrochemical Effect On Energy Storage, Manickam Minakshi, David R. G Mitchell, Christian Baur, Johann Chable, Anders Barlow, Maximilian Fichtner, Amitava Banerjee, Sudip Chakraborty, Rajeev Ahuja Jan 2019

Phase Evolution In Calcium Molybdate Nanoparticles As A Function Of Synthesis Temperature And Its Electrochemical Effect On Energy Storage, Manickam Minakshi, David R. G Mitchell, Christian Baur, Johann Chable, Anders Barlow, Maximilian Fichtner, Amitava Banerjee, Sudip Chakraborty, Rajeev Ahuja

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The design of a suitable electrode is an essential and fundamental research challenge in the field of electrochemical energy storage because the electronic structures and morphologies determine the surface redox reactions. Calcium molybdate (CaMoO4) was synthesized by a combustion route at 300 C and 500 C. We describe new findings on the behaviour of CaMoO4 and evaluate the influence of crystallinity on energy storage performance. A wide range of characterization techniques was used to obtain detailed information about the physical and morphological characteristics of CaMoO4. The characterization results enable the phase evolution as a function of the electrode synthesis temperature …

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3d Scaffolds Of Polycaprolactone/Copper-Doped Bioactive Glass: Architecture Engineering With Additive Manufacturing And Cellularassessments In A Coculture Of Bone Marrow Stem Cells And Endothelial Cells, Xiaoju Wang, Binbin Zhang, Sanna Pitkanen, Miina Ojansivu, Chunlin Xu, Markus Hannula, Jari A. Hyttinen, Susanna S. Miettinen, Leena Hupa, Gordon G. Wallace Jan 2019

3d Scaffolds Of Polycaprolactone/Copper-Doped Bioactive Glass: Architecture Engineering With Additive Manufacturing And Cellularassessments In A Coculture Of Bone Marrow Stem Cells And Endothelial Cells, Xiaoju Wang, Binbin Zhang, Sanna Pitkanen, Miina Ojansivu, Chunlin Xu, Markus Hannula, Jari A. Hyttinen, Susanna S. Miettinen, Leena Hupa, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The local delivery of Cu2+ from copper-doped bioactive glass (Cu-BaG) was combined with 3D printing of polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds for its potent angiogenic effect in bone tissue engineering. PCL and Cu-BaG were, respectively, dissolved and dispersed in acetone to formulate a moderately homogeneous ink. The PCL/Cu-BaG scaffolds were fabricated via direct ink writing into a cold ethanol bath. The architecture of the printed scaffolds, including strut diameter, strut spacing, and porosity, were investigated and characterized. The PCL/Cu-BaG scaffolds showed a Cu-BaG content-dependent mechanical property, as the compressive Young's modulus ranged from 7 to 13 MPa at an apparent porosity of …

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A New Class Of Bubble-Free Water Electrolyzer That Is Intrinsically Highly Efficient, Prerna Tiwari, George Tsekouras, Klaudia K. Wagner, Gerhard F. Swiegers, Gordon G. Wallace Jan 2019

A New Class Of Bubble-Free Water Electrolyzer That Is Intrinsically Highly Efficient, Prerna Tiwari, George Tsekouras, Klaudia K. Wagner, Gerhard F. Swiegers, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

A new class of 'bubble-free' alkaline electrolyzer with electrodes comprising of PTFE-based Gortex gas diffusion layers coated with catalysts, is described (PTFE = poly(tetrafluoroethylene)). At ≥80 °C (Eocell 1.18 V), the electrolyzers displayed the lowest cell onset potentials (≥1.28 V) yet reported, indicating that they exhibit the highest-known intrinsic efficiency when the influence of impedance is stripped out. The overpotentials at each electrode, particularly the oxygen-generating anode, were significantly diminished by the presence of the porous Gortex substrate, which exhibited a powerful 'gas-philic' capillary action (6.3 bar capillary pressure). The bubble-free process arose from preferential coalescence of newly-formed gases on …

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Smart Machine Learning Or Discovering Meaningful Physical And Chemical Contributions Through Dimensional Stacking, Lee Griffin, Iaroslav Gaponenko, Shujun Zhang, Nazanin Bassiri-Gharb Jan 2019

Smart Machine Learning Or Discovering Meaningful Physical And Chemical Contributions Through Dimensional Stacking, Lee Griffin, Iaroslav Gaponenko, Shujun Zhang, Nazanin Bassiri-Gharb

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Despite remarkable advances in characterization techniques of functional materials yielding an ever growing amount of data, the interplay between the physical and chemical phenomena underpinning materials' functionalities is still often poorly understood. Dimensional reduction techniques have been used to tackle the challenge of understanding materials' behavior, leveraging the very large amount of data available. Here, we present a method for applying physical and chemical constraints to dimensional reduction analysis, through dimensional stacking. Compared to traditional, uncorrelated techniques, this approach enables a direct and simultaneous assessment of behaviors across all measurement parameters, through stacking of data along specific dimensions as required …

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Bio-Inspired Stretchable And Contractible Tough Fiber By The Hybridization Of Go/Mwnt/Polyurethane, Hyunsoo Kim, Yongwoo Jang, Dong Yeop Lee, Ji Hwan Moon, Jung Gi Choi, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Sanjeev Gambhir, David L. Officer, Gordon G. Wallace, Seon Jeong Kim Jan 2019

Bio-Inspired Stretchable And Contractible Tough Fiber By The Hybridization Of Go/Mwnt/Polyurethane, Hyunsoo Kim, Yongwoo Jang, Dong Yeop Lee, Ji Hwan Moon, Jung Gi Choi, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Sanjeev Gambhir, David L. Officer, Gordon G. Wallace, Seon Jeong Kim

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Spider silks represent stretchable and contractible fibers with high toughness. Those tough fibers with stretchability and contractibility are attractive as energy absorption materials, and they are needed for wearable applications, artificial muscles, and soft robotics. Although carbon-based materials and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composite fibers exhibit high toughness, they are still limited in low extensibility and an inability to operate in the wet-state condition. Herein, we report stretchable and contractible fiber with toughness that is inspired by the structure of spider silk. The bioinspired tough fiber provides 495 J/g of gravimetric toughness, which exceeds 165 J/g of spider silk. Besides, the …

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Patterning And Process Parameter Effects In 3d Suspension Near-Field Electrospinning Of Nanoarrays, Alexander Nagle, Cormac Fay, Gordon G. Wallace, Zhigang Xie, Xungai Wang, Michael J. Higgins Jan 2019

Patterning And Process Parameter Effects In 3d Suspension Near-Field Electrospinning Of Nanoarrays, Alexander Nagle, Cormac Fay, Gordon G. Wallace, Zhigang Xie, Xungai Wang, Michael J. Higgins

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The extracellular matrix (ECM) contains nanofibrous proteins and proteoglycans. Nanofabrication methods have received growing interest in recent years as a means of recapitulating these elements within the ECM. Near-field electrospinning (NFES) is a versatile fibre deposition method, capable of layer-by-layer nano-fabrication. The maximum layer height is generally limited in layer-by-layer NFES as a consequence of electrostatic effects of the polymer at the surface, due to residual charge and polymer dielectric properties. This restricts the total volume achievable by layer-by-layer techniques. Surpassing this restriction presents a complex challenge, leading to research innovations aimed at increasing patterning precision, and achieving a translation …

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Niobium-Titanium (Nb-Ti) Superconducting Joints For Persistent-Mode Operation, Dipakkumar Patel, Su Hun Kim, Wenbin Qiu, Minoru Maeda, Akiyoshi Matsumoto, Gen Nishijima, Hiroaki Kumakura, Seyong Choi, Jung Ho Kim Jan 2019

Niobium-Titanium (Nb-Ti) Superconducting Joints For Persistent-Mode Operation, Dipakkumar Patel, Su Hun Kim, Wenbin Qiu, Minoru Maeda, Akiyoshi Matsumoto, Gen Nishijima, Hiroaki Kumakura, Seyong Choi, Jung Ho Kim

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Superconducting joints are essential for persistent-mode operation in a superconducting magnet system to produce an ultra-stable magnetic field. Herein, we report rationally designed niobium-titanium (Nb-Ti) superconducting joints and their evaluation results in detail. For practical applications, superconducting joints were fabricated by using a solder matrix replacement method with two types of lead-bismuth (Pb-Bi) solder, including Pb42Bi58 as a new composition. All the joints attained a critical current of >200 A below 1.43 T at 4.2 K. Our optimized superconducting joining method was tested in a closed-loop coil, obtaining a total circuit resistance of 3.25 x 10-14 Ω at 4.2 K …

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Partial Carrier Freeze-Out At The Laalo3/Srtio3 Oxide Interface, Simon Meaney, Alexey Pan, Antony Jones, Sergey Fedoseev Jan 2019

Partial Carrier Freeze-Out At The Laalo3/Srtio3 Oxide Interface, Simon Meaney, Alexey Pan, Antony Jones, Sergey Fedoseev

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

High quality robust two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) interfaces are produced using pulsed laser deposition and an acid-free substrate Ti-Termination process, resulting in single unit cell terraces. Temperature dependent resistance measurements show two hysteresis anomalies around 80 K and 160 K. By using Hall measurements, we find an Arrhenius dependence in charge carrier density describing a partial carrier freeze-out below ∼80 K. We show that these two resistance anomalies are unrelated to the temperature dependence of the charge carrier density despite the tempting coincidence of the low temperature hysteresis feature and the freeze-out process. A two-carrier model is required …

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Design Strategies For Developing Non-Precious Metal Based Bi-Functional Catalysts For Alkaline Electrolyte Based Zinc-Air Batteries, Chao Han, Weijie Li, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou, Jiazhao Wang Jan 2019

Design Strategies For Developing Non-Precious Metal Based Bi-Functional Catalysts For Alkaline Electrolyte Based Zinc-Air Batteries, Chao Han, Weijie Li, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou, Jiazhao Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Compared with the current dominant energy storage system (lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)), rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs) with alkaline electrolyte are safer and less expensive, have much higher theoretical volumetric energy density, can be manufactured in ambient air rather than a dry room, and have much higher tolerance to moisture and air during operation. A mature aqueous alkaline electrolyte could also significantly improve safety while minimizing the fabrication cost. Hence, ZABs have great potential to challenge the dominant position of LIBs in the future. Nevertheless, the widespread application of this energy storage system is seriously hindered by the sluggish kinetics of the …

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Layer-By-Layer: The Case For 3d Bioprinting Neurons To Create Patient-Specific Epilepsy Models, Natasha Antill-O'Brien, Justin L. Bourke, Cathal D. O'Connell Jan 2019

Layer-By-Layer: The Case For 3d Bioprinting Neurons To Create Patient-Specific Epilepsy Models, Natasha Antill-O'Brien, Justin L. Bourke, Cathal D. O'Connell

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The ability to create three-dimensional (3D) models of brain tissue from patient-derived cells, would open new possibilities in studying the neuropathology of disorders such as epilepsy and schizophrenia. While organoid culture has provided impressive examples of patient-specific models, the generation of organised 3D structures remains a challenge. 3D bioprinting is a rapidly developing technology where living cells, encapsulated in suitable bioink matrices, are printed to form 3D structures. 3D bioprinting may provide the capability to organise neuronal populations in 3D, through layer-by-layer deposition, and thereby recapitulate the complexity of neural tissue. However, printing neuron cells raises particular challenges since the …

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Electric Field Effect On Short-Range Polar Order In A Relaxor Ferroelectric System, Zhijun Xu, Fei Li, Shujun Zhang, Christopher Stock, Jun Luo, Peter Gehring, Guangyong Xu Jan 2019

Electric Field Effect On Short-Range Polar Order In A Relaxor Ferroelectric System, Zhijun Xu, Fei Li, Shujun Zhang, Christopher Stock, Jun Luo, Peter Gehring, Guangyong Xu

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Short-range polar order in the relaxor ferroelectric material PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-28%PbTiO3 (PMN-28PT) have been studied using neutron diffuse scattering. An external electric field along the [110] direction can affect the diffuse scattering in the low temperature rhombohedral/monoclinic phase. Diffuse scattering intensities associated with [110] short-range polarizations are partially suppressed, while those arising from [110] polarizations are enhanced. On the other hand, short-range polar order along other equivalent (110) directions, i.e., [101], [101], [011], and [011] directions, are virtually unaffected by the field. Our results, combined with previous work, strongly suggest that most parts of short-range polar order in PMN-xPT relaxor systems are …

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Kinking Effects And Transport Properties Of Coaxial Bn-C Nanotubes As Revealed By In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy And Theoretical Analysis, Xin Zhou, Dmitry Kvashnin, Yanming Xue, Dai-Ming Tang, Ovidiu Cretu, Masanori Mitome, Yoshio Bando, Pavel Sorokin, Takayoshi Sasaki, Dmitri Golberg Jan 2019

Kinking Effects And Transport Properties Of Coaxial Bn-C Nanotubes As Revealed By In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy And Theoretical Analysis, Xin Zhou, Dmitry Kvashnin, Yanming Xue, Dai-Ming Tang, Ovidiu Cretu, Masanori Mitome, Yoshio Bando, Pavel Sorokin, Takayoshi Sasaki, Dmitri Golberg

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The insights into transport behavior and the effects of bending on heterostructures constructed from boron nitride (BN) and carbon (C) nanotubes are important for their flexible device applications because the two systems have equally excellent mechanical but completely different electrical properties. In this work, coaxial BN-C nanotubes have been fabricated and their intrinsic transport properties, as well as structural and electrical response to bending deformation, are studied inside a high-resolution transmission electron microscope. Ballistic, diffusive, and hopping transports within different tube length ranges have been observed. When bending deformation was applied to the tubes, although severe kinking becomes apparent, their …

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Surface Stabilization Of O3-Type Layered Oxide Cathode To Protect The Anode Of Sodium Ion Batteries For Superior Lifespan, Qi Zhang, Qinfen Gu, Yang Li, Haining Fan, Wenbin Luo, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou Jan 2019

Surface Stabilization Of O3-Type Layered Oxide Cathode To Protect The Anode Of Sodium Ion Batteries For Superior Lifespan, Qi Zhang, Qinfen Gu, Yang Li, Haining Fan, Wenbin Luo, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Even though the energy density of O3-type layer-structured metal oxide cathode can fully reach the requirement for large-scale energy storage systems, the cycling lifespan still cannot meet the demand for practical application once it is coupled with a non-sodium-metal anode in full-cell system. Transition metal dissolution into the electrolyte occurs along with continuous phase transformation and accelerates deterioration of the crystal structure, followed by migration and finally deposition on the anode to form a vicious circle. Surface engineering techniques are employed to modify the interface between active materials and the electrolyte by coating them with a thin layer of AlPO4 …

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R3c-Type Lnnio3 (Ln = La, Ce, Nd, Pm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Lu) Half-Metals With Multiple Dirac Cones: A Potential Class Of Advanced Spintronic Materials, Xiaotian Wang, Guangqian Ding, Zhenxiang Cheng, Hongkuan Yuan, Xiaolin Wang, Tie Yang, Rabah Khenata, Wenhong Wang Jan 2019

R3c-Type Lnnio3 (Ln = La, Ce, Nd, Pm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Lu) Half-Metals With Multiple Dirac Cones: A Potential Class Of Advanced Spintronic Materials, Xiaotian Wang, Guangqian Ding, Zhenxiang Cheng, Hongkuan Yuan, Xiaolin Wang, Tie Yang, Rabah Khenata, Wenhong Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

In the past three years, Dirac half-metals (DHMs) have attracted considerable attention and become a high-profile topic in spintronics becuase of their excellent physical properties such as 100% spin polarization and massless Dirac fermions. Two-dimensional DHMs proposed recently have not yet been experimentally synthesized and thus remain theoretical. As a result, their characteristics cannot be experimentally confirmed. In addition, many theoretically predicted Dirac materials have only a single cone, resulting in a nonlinear electromagnetic response with insufficient intensity and inadequate transport carrier efficiency near the Fermi level. Therefore, after several attempts, we have focused on a novel class of DHMs …

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Enhancement Of Thermoelectric Properties Of La-Doped Srtio3 Bulk By Introducing Nanoscale Porosity, Al Jumlat Ahmed, Sheik Md Kazi Nazrul Islam, Ridwone Hossain, Jeonghun Kim, Minjun Kim, Md Motasim Billah, Md. Shahriar Al Hossain, Yusuke Yamauchi, Xiaolin Wang Jan 2019

Enhancement Of Thermoelectric Properties Of La-Doped Srtio3 Bulk By Introducing Nanoscale Porosity, Al Jumlat Ahmed, Sheik Md Kazi Nazrul Islam, Ridwone Hossain, Jeonghun Kim, Minjun Kim, Md Motasim Billah, Md. Shahriar Al Hossain, Yusuke Yamauchi, Xiaolin Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Electron-doped SrTiO3 is a well-known n-type thermoelectric material, although the figure of merit of SrTiO3 is still inferior compared with p-type metal oxide-based thermoelectric materials due to its high lattice thermal conductivity. In this study, we have used a different amount of the non-ionic surfactant F127 during sample preparation to introduce nanoscale porosities into bulk samples of La-doped SrTiO3. It has been observed that the porosities introduced into the bulk sample significantly improve the Seebeck coefficient and reduce the thermal conductivity by the charge carrier and phonon scattering respectively. Therefore, there is an overall enhancement in the power factor (PF) …

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Clinically Amendable, Defined, And Rapid Induction Of Human Brain Organoids From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Eva Tomaskovic-Crook, Jeremy Micah Crook Jan 2019

Clinically Amendable, Defined, And Rapid Induction Of Human Brain Organoids From Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Eva Tomaskovic-Crook, Jeremy Micah Crook

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Human brain organoids provide opportunities to produce three-dimensional (3D) brain-like tissues for biomedical research and translational drug discovery, toxicology, and tissue replacement. Here we describe a protocol for rapid and defined induction of brain organoids from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), using commercially available culture and differentiation media and a cheap, easy to handle and clinically approved semisynthetic hydrogel. Importantly, the methodology is uncomplicated, well-defined, and reliable for reproducible and scalable organoid generation, and amendable to principles of current good laboratory practice (cGLP), with the potential for prospective adaptation to current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) toward clinical compliance.

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Fabrication Of Hierarchically One-Dimensional Znxcd1-Xs/Nitio3 Nanostructures And Their Enhanced Photocatalytic Water Splitting Activity, Ling Wang, Guorui Yang, Silan Wang, Jianan Wang, Muhammad Salman Nasir, Caiyun Wang, Shengjie Peng, Wei Yan, Seeram Ramakrishna Jan 2019

Fabrication Of Hierarchically One-Dimensional Znxcd1-Xs/Nitio3 Nanostructures And Their Enhanced Photocatalytic Water Splitting Activity, Ling Wang, Guorui Yang, Silan Wang, Jianan Wang, Muhammad Salman Nasir, Caiyun Wang, Shengjie Peng, Wei Yan, Seeram Ramakrishna

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Hierarchically one-dimensional nanomaterials represent a kind of promising catalyst for photocatalytic of hydrogen generation, where the photoinduced charge carriers can effectively separate and be engaged in the target reaction. Herein, we report the synthesis of hierarchically one-dimensional ZnxCd1-xS/NiTiO3 nanofibers and the investigations of their photocatalytic performance. These well-designed nanofibers demonstrate a typically one-dimensional heterostructure with an excellent continuity, and the element mapping, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy collectively confirm the ZnxCd1-xS nanoparticles being decorated on the surface of NiTiO3 nanofibers successfully. The ZnxCd1-xS/NiTiO3 nanofibers exhibit enhanced efficiency in photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light, compared with the ZnxCd1-xS/TiO2 nanofibers. …

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Atomic-Local Environments Of Single-Atom Catalysts: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, And Activity, Weihong Lai, Zongcheng Miao, Yunxiao Wang, Jiazhao Wang, Shulei Chou Jan 2019

Atomic-Local Environments Of Single-Atom Catalysts: Synthesis, Electronic Structure, And Activity, Weihong Lai, Zongcheng Miao, Yunxiao Wang, Jiazhao Wang, Shulei Chou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) hold great promise for maximizing atomic efficiency of supported metals via the ultimate utilization of every single atom. The foreign isolated substitutions anchored on different supports build varieties of local structural centers, changing the physical and chemical properties. Thus, distinct atomic local environments for single-atom catalysts are essential for determining superior catalytic performance for a wide variety of chemical reactions. The examples of synthesizing single atoms on various supports presented here deepen the understanding of the different structural and electronic properties of SACs, in which the metal single atom does not bind with any other atoms of …

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Heterostructure Engineering Of A Reverse Water Gas Shift Photocatalyst, Hong Wang, Jia Jia, Lu Wang, Keith Butler, Rui Song, Gilberto Casillas, Le He, Nazir Kherani, Doug Perovic, Liqiang Jing, Aron Walsh, Roland Dittmeyer, Geoffrey A. Ozin Jan 2019

Heterostructure Engineering Of A Reverse Water Gas Shift Photocatalyst, Hong Wang, Jia Jia, Lu Wang, Keith Butler, Rui Song, Gilberto Casillas, Le He, Nazir Kherani, Doug Perovic, Liqiang Jing, Aron Walsh, Roland Dittmeyer, Geoffrey A. Ozin

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

To achieve substantial reductions in CO2 emissions, catalysts for the photoreduction of CO2 into value-added chemicals and fuels will most likely be at the heart of key renewable-energy technologies. Despite tremendous efforts, developing highly active and selective CO2 reduction photocatalysts remains a great challenge. Herein, a metal oxide heterostructure engineering strategy that enables the gas-phase, photocatalytic, heterogeneous hydrogenation of CO2 to CO with high performance metrics (i.e., the conversion rate of CO2 to CO reached as high as 1400 µmol g cat−1 h−1) is reported. The catalyst is comprised of indium oxide nanocrystals, In2O3−x(OH)y, nucleated and grown on the surface …

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Effects Of Ca Substitution On Quasiacoustic Sliding Modes In Sr14-X Cax Cu24 O41, E Constable, Andrew Squires, Josip Horvat, R A. Lewis, Dominique Rt Appadoo, R Plathe, Partha Sarathi Roy, J Brubach, S Debrion, A Pimenov, Guanyu Deng Jan 2019

Effects Of Ca Substitution On Quasiacoustic Sliding Modes In Sr14-X Cax Cu24 O41, E Constable, Andrew Squires, Josip Horvat, R A. Lewis, Dominique Rt Appadoo, R Plathe, Partha Sarathi Roy, J Brubach, S Debrion, A Pimenov, Guanyu Deng

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The low-energy lattice dynamics of the quasiperiodic spin-ladder cuprate Sr14-xCaxCu24O41 are investigated using terahertz frequency synchrotron radiation. A high density of low-lying optical excitations is present in the 1-3 THz energy range, while at least two highly absorbing excitations stemming from long-wavelength acoustic oscillations of the incommensurate chain and ladder sublattices, are observed at subterahertz frequencies. The effects of Ca substitution on the subterahertz quasiacoustic sliding mode gaps is investigated using coherent synchrotron radiation. Analysis of the results suggest increasing substitution of Sr for Ca is accompanied by a transfer of spectral weight between sliding modes associated with different chain-ladder …

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Lotus Rhizome-Like S/N-C With Embedded Ws2 For Superior Sodium Storage, Xiu Li, Yonggang Sun, Xun Xu, Yunxiao Wang, Shulei Chou, Anmin Cao, Libao Chen, Shi Xue Dou Jan 2019

Lotus Rhizome-Like S/N-C With Embedded Ws2 For Superior Sodium Storage, Xiu Li, Yonggang Sun, Xun Xu, Yunxiao Wang, Shulei Chou, Anmin Cao, Libao Chen, Shi Xue Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) hold great promise as power sources because of their low cost and decent electrochemical behavior. Nevertheless, the poor rate performance and long-term cycling capability of anode materials in SIBs still impede their practical application in smart grids and electric vehicles. Herein, we design a delicate method to embed WS2 nanosheets into lotus rhizome-like heteroatom-doped carbon nanofibers with abundant hierarchical tubes inside, forming WS2@sulfur and nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (WS2@S/N-C). The WS2@S/N-C nanofibers exhibit a large discharge capacity of 381 mA h g-1 at 100 mA g-1, excellent rate capacity of 108 mA h g-1 at 30 A g-1, …

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Structure And Electrochemical Performance Modulation Of A Lini0.8co0.1mn0.1o2 Cathode Material By Anion And Cation Co-Doping For Lithium Ion Batteries, Rong Li, Yong Ming, Wei Xiang, Chunliu Xu, Guilin Feng, Yongchun Li, Yanxiao Chen, Zhenguo Wu, Ben-He Zhong, Xiaodong Guo Jan 2019

Structure And Electrochemical Performance Modulation Of A Lini0.8co0.1mn0.1o2 Cathode Material By Anion And Cation Co-Doping For Lithium Ion Batteries, Rong Li, Yong Ming, Wei Xiang, Chunliu Xu, Guilin Feng, Yongchun Li, Yanxiao Chen, Zhenguo Wu, Ben-He Zhong, Xiaodong Guo

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Ni-rich layered transition metal oxides show great energy density but suffer poor thermal stability and inferior cycling performance, which limit their practical application. In this work, a minor content of Co and B were co-doped into the crystal of a Ni-rich cathode (LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2) using cobalt acetate and boric acid as dopants. The results analyzed by XRD, TEM, XPS and SEM reveal that the modified sample shows a reduced energy barrier for Li+ insertion/extraction and alleviated Li+/Ni2+ cation mixing. With the doping of B and Co, corresponding enhanced cycle stability was achieved with a high capacity retention of 86.1% at 1.0C …

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Self-Healing Electrode With High Electrical Conductivity And Mechanical Strength For Artificial Electronic Skin, Hyeon Jun Sim, Hyunsoo Kim, Yongwoo Jang, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Sanjeev Gambhir, David L. Officer, Gordon G. Wallace, Seon Jeong Kim Jan 2019

Self-Healing Electrode With High Electrical Conductivity And Mechanical Strength For Artificial Electronic Skin, Hyeon Jun Sim, Hyunsoo Kim, Yongwoo Jang, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Sanjeev Gambhir, David L. Officer, Gordon G. Wallace, Seon Jeong Kim

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

A self-healing electrode is an electrical conductor that can repair internal damage by itself, similar to human skin. Since self-healing electrodes are based on polymers and hydrogels, these components are still limited by low electrical conductivity and mechanical strength. In this study, we designed an electrically conductive, mechanically strong, and printable self-healing electrode using liquid crystal graphene oxide (LCGO) and silver nanowires (AgNWs). The conductive ink was easily prepared by simply mixing LCGO and AgNWs solutions. The ultrathin (3 μm thick) electrode can be printed in various shapes, such as a butterfly, in a freestanding state. The maximum conductivity and …

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Carbon Nanotube Yarn For Fiber-Shaped Electrical Sensors, Actuators, And Energy Storage For Smart Systems, Yongwoo Jang, Sung Min Kim, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Seon Jeong Kim Jan 2019

Carbon Nanotube Yarn For Fiber-Shaped Electrical Sensors, Actuators, And Energy Storage For Smart Systems, Yongwoo Jang, Sung Min Kim, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Seon Jeong Kim

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Smart systems are those that display autonomous or collaborative functionalities, and include the ability to sense multiple inputs, to respond with appropriate operations, and to control a given situation. In certain circumstances, it is also of great interest to retain flexible, stretchable, portable, wearable, and/or implantable attributes in smart electronic systems. Among the promising candidate smart materials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit excellent electrical and mechanical properties, and structurally fabricated CNT-based fibers and yarns with coil and twist further introduce flexible and stretchable properties. A number of notable studies have demonstrated various functions of CNT yarns, including sensors, actuators, and energy …

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Critical Advances In Ambient Air Operation Of Nonaqueous Rechargeable Li-Air Batteries, Lili Liu, Haipeng Guo, Lijun Fu, Shulei Chou, Simon Thiele, Yu-Ping Wu, Jiazhao Wang Jan 2019

Critical Advances In Ambient Air Operation Of Nonaqueous Rechargeable Li-Air Batteries, Lili Liu, Haipeng Guo, Lijun Fu, Shulei Chou, Simon Thiele, Yu-Ping Wu, Jiazhao Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Over the past few years, great attention has been given to nonaqueous lithium–air batteries owing to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density when compared with other energy storage systems. Most of the research interest, however, is dedicated to batteries operating in pure or dry oxygen atmospheres, while Li–air batteries that operate in ambient air still face big challenges. The biggest challenges are H2O and CO2 that exist in ambient air, which can not only form byproducts with discharge products (Li2O2), but also react with the electrolyte and the Li anode. To this end, recent progress in understanding the chemical and electrochemical …

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Metallic State Two-Dimensional Holey-Structured Co3fen Nanosheets As Stable And Bifunctional Electrocatalysts For Zinc–Air Batteries, Haipeng Guo, Xuanwen Gao, Nengfei Yu, Zhi Zheng, Wenbin Luo, Chang Wu, Hua-Kun Liu, Jiazhao Wang Jan 2019

Metallic State Two-Dimensional Holey-Structured Co3fen Nanosheets As Stable And Bifunctional Electrocatalysts For Zinc–Air Batteries, Haipeng Guo, Xuanwen Gao, Nengfei Yu, Zhi Zheng, Wenbin Luo, Chang Wu, Hua-Kun Liu, Jiazhao Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Exploring economically efficient electrocatalysts with robust bifunctional oxygen conversion catalytic activity and designing appropriate structures are essential to realize ideal zinc-Air batteries with high energy density and long lifespan. Two-dimensional metallic state Co3FeN nanosheets with a holey-structured architecture are designed and shown to exhibit enhanced catalytic properties owing to the complete exposure of the atoms in the large lateral surfaces and in the edges of pore areas, together with the lowest OH∗ adsorption energy on exposed surfaces due to bimetallic synergistic effects. Meanwhile, this porous architecture can not only accelerate electron transportation by its metallic state highly oriented crystallized structure, …

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Stress Distortion Restraint To Boost The Sodium Ion Storage Performance Of A Novel Binary Hexacyanoferrate, Weijie Li, Chao Han, Wanlin Wang, Qingbing Xia, Shulei Chou, Qinfen Gu, Bernt Johannessen, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou Jan 2019

Stress Distortion Restraint To Boost The Sodium Ion Storage Performance Of A Novel Binary Hexacyanoferrate, Weijie Li, Chao Han, Wanlin Wang, Qingbing Xia, Shulei Chou, Qinfen Gu, Bernt Johannessen, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

© 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim Mn-based hexacyanoferrate NaxMnFe(CN)6 (NMHFC) has been attracting more attention as a promising cathode material for sodium ion storage owing to its low cost, environmental friendliness, and its high voltage plateau of 3.6 V, which comes from the Mn2+/Mn3+ redox couple. In particular, the Na-rich NMHFC (x > 1.40) with trigonal phase is considered an attractive candidate due to its large capacity of ≈130 mAh g−1, delivering high energy density. Its unstable cycle life, however, is holding back its practical application due to the dissolution of Mn2+ and the trigonal-cubic phase transition during …

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