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Articles 661 - 690 of 4868

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Origin Of Photoelectrochemical Generation Of Dihydrogen By A Dye-Sensitized Photocathode Without An Intentionally Introduced Catalyst, Dijon A. Hoogeveen, Maxime Fournier, Shannon A. Bonke, Andrew Nattestad, Amaresh Mishra, Peter Bauerle, Leone Spiccia, Attila J. Mozer, Alexandr N. Simonov Jan 2017

Origin Of Photoelectrochemical Generation Of Dihydrogen By A Dye-Sensitized Photocathode Without An Intentionally Introduced Catalyst, Dijon A. Hoogeveen, Maxime Fournier, Shannon A. Bonke, Andrew Nattestad, Amaresh Mishra, Peter Bauerle, Leone Spiccia, Attila J. Mozer, Alexandr N. Simonov

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Dye-sensitized photocathodes have been observed on several occasions to sustain light-driven H 2 generation without intentionally introduced catalysts. Herein, plausible mechanisms addressing this phenomenon are probed by a combination of long-term photoelectrochemical measurements with concurrent gas chromatography, transient absorption spectroscopy, and inductively coupled mass spectrometry using a perylenemonoimide-sexithiophene-triphenylamine (PMI-6T-TPA) sensitized NiO electrode. The experimental evidence obtained discounts the possibility for direct reduction of hydrogen by the dye and demonstrates that the availability of interfaces between dye molecules and any electrically disconnected NiO particles exposed to the electrolyte solution is critical for photoelectrocatalytic H 2 generation. These interfaces are postulated to …

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Wet-Spun Biofiber For Torsional Artificial Muscles, Azadehsadat Mirabedini, Shazed Md Aziz, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Javad Foroughi Jan 2017

Wet-Spun Biofiber For Torsional Artificial Muscles, Azadehsadat Mirabedini, Shazed Md Aziz, Geoffrey M. Spinks, Javad Foroughi

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The demands for new types of artificial muscles continue to grow and novel approaches are being enabled by the advent of new materials and novel fabrication strategies. Self-powered actuators have attracted significant attention due to their ability to be driven by elements in the ambient environment such as moisture. In this study, we demonstrate the use of twisted and coiled wet-spun hygroscopic chitosan fibers to achieve a novel torsional artificial muscle. The coiled fibers exhibited significant torsional actuation where the free end of the coiled fiber rotated up to 1155 degrees per mm of coil length when hydrated. This value …

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Gallium-Doped Li7la3zr2o12 Garnet-Type Electrolytes With High Lithium-Ion Conductivity, Jiang-Fang Wu, En-Yi Chen, Yao Yu, Lin Liu, Yue Wu, Wei Kong Pang, Vanessa K. Peterson, Xin Guo Jan 2017

Gallium-Doped Li7la3zr2o12 Garnet-Type Electrolytes With High Lithium-Ion Conductivity, Jiang-Fang Wu, En-Yi Chen, Yao Yu, Lin Liu, Yue Wu, Wei Kong Pang, Vanessa K. Peterson, Xin Guo

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Owing to their high conductivity, crystalline Li7–3xGaxLa3Zr2O12 garnets are promising electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. Herein, the influence of Ga doping on the phase, lithium-ion distribution, and conductivity of Li7–3xGaxLa3Zr2O12 garnets is investigated, with the determined concentration and mobility of lithium ions shedding light on the origin of the high conductivity of Li7–3xGaxLa3Zr2O12. When the Ga concentration exceeds 0.20 Ga per formula unit, the garnet-type material is found to …

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Effects Of Fluorine And Chromium Doping On The Performance Of Lithium-Rich Li1+Xmo2(M = Ni, Mn, Co) Positive Electrodes, Wei Kong Pang, Hsiu-Fen Lin, Vanessa K. Peterson, Cheng-Zhang Lu, Chia-Erh Liu, Shih-Chieh Liao, Jin Chen Jan 2017

Effects Of Fluorine And Chromium Doping On The Performance Of Lithium-Rich Li1+Xmo2(M = Ni, Mn, Co) Positive Electrodes, Wei Kong Pang, Hsiu-Fen Lin, Vanessa K. Peterson, Cheng-Zhang Lu, Chia-Erh Liu, Shih-Chieh Liao, Jin Chen

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Lithium-rich metal oxides Li 1+z MO 2 (M = Ni, Co Mn, etc) are promising positive electrode materials for high-energy lithium-ion batteries, with capacities of 250-300 mAh.g -1 that closely approach theoretical intercalation limits. Unfortunately, these materials suffer severe capacity fade on cycling, amongst other performance issues. Whilst ion substitution can improve the performance of many of these materials, the underlying mechanisms of property modification are not completely understood. In this work we show enhanced performance of the Li 1+z MO 2 electrode, consisting of Li 2 MnO 3 (with C2/m space group) and LiMO 2 (with R3m space group) …

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Bn Nanosheet/Polymer Films With Highly Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity For Thermal Management Applications, Yuanpeng Wu, Ye Xue, Si Qin, Dan Liu, Xuebin Wang, Xiao Hu, Jingliang Li, Xungai Wang, Yoshio Bando, Dmitri Golberg, Ying I. Chen, Yury Gogotsi, Weiwei Lei Jan 2017

Bn Nanosheet/Polymer Films With Highly Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity For Thermal Management Applications, Yuanpeng Wu, Ye Xue, Si Qin, Dan Liu, Xuebin Wang, Xiao Hu, Jingliang Li, Xungai Wang, Yoshio Bando, Dmitri Golberg, Ying I. Chen, Yury Gogotsi, Weiwei Lei

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The development of advanced thermal transport materials is a global challenge. Two-dimensional nanomaterials have been demonstrated as promising candidates for thermal management applications. Here, we report a boron nitride (BN) nanosheet/polymer composite film with excellent flexibility and toughness prepared by vacuum-assisted filtration. The mechanical performance of the composite film is highly flexible and robust. It is noteworthy that the film exhibits highly anisotropic properties, with superior in-plane thermal conductivity of around 200 W m -1 K -1 and extremely low through-plane thermal conductivity of 1.0 W m -1 K -1 , making this material an excellent candidate for thermal management …

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Electrochemically Inert G-C3n4 Promotes Water Oxidation Catalysis, Yaping Chen, Qian Zhou, Guoqiang Zhao, Zhenwei Yu, Xiaolin Wang, Shi Xue Dou, Wenping Sun Jan 2017

Electrochemically Inert G-C3n4 Promotes Water Oxidation Catalysis, Yaping Chen, Qian Zhou, Guoqiang Zhao, Zhenwei Yu, Xiaolin Wang, Shi Xue Dou, Wenping Sun

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Electrode surface wettability is critically important for heterogeneous electrochemical reactions taking place in aqueous and nonaqueous media. Herein, electrochemically inert g-C 3 N 4 (GCN) is successfully demonstrated to significantly enhance water oxidation by constructing a superhydrophilic catalyst surface and promoting substantial exposure of active sites. As a proof-of-concept application, superhydrophilic GCN/Ni(OH) 2 (GCNN) hybrids with monodispersed Ni(OH) 2 nanoplates strongly anchored on GCN are synthesized for enhanced water oxidation catalysis. Owing to the superhydrophilicity of functionalized GCN, the surface wettability of GCNN (contact angle 0°) is substantially improved as compared with bare Ni(OH) 2 (contact angle 21°). Besides, GCN …

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Additive Manufacturing, Modeling And Performance Evaluation Of 3d Printed Fins For Surfboards, Reece D. Gately, Stephen T. Beirne, Geoff Latimer, Matthew Shirlaw, Buyung Kosasih, Andrew T. Warren, Julie R. Steele, Marc In Het Panhuis Jan 2017

Additive Manufacturing, Modeling And Performance Evaluation Of 3d Printed Fins For Surfboards, Reece D. Gately, Stephen T. Beirne, Geoff Latimer, Matthew Shirlaw, Buyung Kosasih, Andrew T. Warren, Julie R. Steele, Marc In Het Panhuis

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

We demonstrate that Additive Manufacturing (3D printing) is a viable approach to rapidly prototype personalised fins for surfboards. Surfing is an iconic sport that is extremely popular in coastal regions around the world. We use computer aided design and 3D printing of a wide range of composite materials to print fins for surfboards, e.g. ABS, carbon fibre, fibre glass and amorphous thermoplastic poly(etherimide) resins. The mechanical characteristics of our 3D printed fins were found to be comparable to commercial fins. Computational fluid dynamics was employed to calculate longitudinal (drag) and tangential (turning) forces, which are important for surfboard maneuverability, stability …

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Investigations Into The Electrochemical Etching Process Of P-Type Silicon Using Ethanol-Surfactant Solutions, Sivakumar Balakrishnan, Yurii K. Gun'ko, Gerhard F. Swiegers, Tatiana S. Perova Jan 2017

Investigations Into The Electrochemical Etching Process Of P-Type Silicon Using Ethanol-Surfactant Solutions, Sivakumar Balakrishnan, Yurii K. Gun'ko, Gerhard F. Swiegers, Tatiana S. Perova

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

In this work, the electrochemical etching of p-type silicon was performed in aqueous ethanol-surfactant solutions and the dependence of morphology and luminescent properties of porous silicon with respect to the etching parameters and silicon resistivities have been studied. The obtained porous silicon structures have been studied using various characterisation techniques such as SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.

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The Hacker Syndrome: Review, Martin Johnson Feb 2016

The Hacker Syndrome: Review, Martin Johnson

RadioDoc Review

The Hacker Syndrome tells the story of Stephan Ubach, a man who is slowly revealed as an activist and a hero to those involved in the Arab Spring. A man who, as the story unfolds, forgets his own needs - and breaks down. This is also a story of distance - physical and mental. A story of the importance that information plays in people’s lives and how some people are willing to risk their lives for the world to know what is going on. Radio documentaries and features usually require an emotional attachment to the character, while computers, and often …

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Dynamic Magneto-Optical Imaging Of Superconducting Thin Films, Frederick Wells, Alexey V. Pan, Stephen Wilson, Igor Golovchanskiy, Sergey Fedoseev, Anatoly B. Rosenfeld Jan 2016

Dynamic Magneto-Optical Imaging Of Superconducting Thin Films, Frederick Wells, Alexey V. Pan, Stephen Wilson, Igor Golovchanskiy, Sergey Fedoseev, Anatoly B. Rosenfeld

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

We present a novel method for analysis of superconducting thin films using dynamic magneto-optical imaging, revealing hallmarks of flux penetration with temporal resolution around 1 ms (in the present work) or better. This method involves investigation of transient field and dynamic current distributions, which are calculated by an inversion procedure on the Biot-Savart Law, which we show to be valid under dynamic conditions. We compare and discuss the flux front penetration speed and evolution of current distribution in high quality YBa2Cu3O${}_{7-\delta }$ thin films with that of samples deliberately damaged in such a way as to reduce critical current density …

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Ambient Synthesis Of A Multifunctional 1d/2d Hierarchical Ag-Ag2s Nanowire/Nanosheet Heterostructure With Diverse Applications, Jinyan Xiong, Chao Han, Weijie Li, Qiao Sun, Jun Chen, Shulei Chou, Zhen Li, S X. Dou Jan 2016

Ambient Synthesis Of A Multifunctional 1d/2d Hierarchical Ag-Ag2s Nanowire/Nanosheet Heterostructure With Diverse Applications, Jinyan Xiong, Chao Han, Weijie Li, Qiao Sun, Jun Chen, Shulei Chou, Zhen Li, S X. Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

A new type of unique 1D/2D hierarchical Ag-Ag2S heterostructures is fabricated by an extremely simple solution route under ambient conditions. The morphology, size, crystal structure and composition of the products were comprehensively investigated, and it was found that the reaction time and the amount of S powder play crucial roles in the formation of well-defined 1D/2D hierarchical Ag-Ag2S heterostructures. The diffusion and Ostwald ripening processes dominate the evolution of the heterostructure. The resultant 1D/2D Ag-Ag2S hybrids exhibit great potential in Li/Na ion battery anodes, SERS detection and decoloration towards organic dyes.

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Silicon Monoxide-A Convenient Precursor For Large Scale Synthesis Of Near Infrared Emitting Monodisperse Silicon Nanocrystals, Wei Sun, Chenxi Qian, Xiao Sherri Cui, Liwei Wang, Muan Wei, Gilberto Casillas, Amr S. Helmy, Geoffrey A. Ozin Jan 2016

Silicon Monoxide-A Convenient Precursor For Large Scale Synthesis Of Near Infrared Emitting Monodisperse Silicon Nanocrystals, Wei Sun, Chenxi Qian, Xiao Sherri Cui, Liwei Wang, Muan Wei, Gilberto Casillas, Amr S. Helmy, Geoffrey A. Ozin

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

While silicon nanocrystals (ncSi) embedded in silicon dioxide thin films have been intensively studied in physics, the potential of batch synthesis of silicon nanocrystals from the solid-state disproportionation of SiO powder has not drawn much attention in chemistry. Herein we describe some remarkable effects observed in the diffraction, microscopy and spectroscopy of SiO powder upon thermal processing in the temperature range 850-1100 °C. Quantum confinement effects and structural changes of the material related to the size of the silicon nanocrystals nucleated and grown in this way were established by Photoluminescence (PL), Raman, FTIR and UV-Visible spectroscopy, PXRD and STEM, pinpointing …

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Intrinsically Core-Shell Plasmonic Dielectric Nanostructures With Ultrahigh Refractive Index, Zengji Yue, Boyuan Cai, Lan Wang, Xiaolin Wang, Min Gu Jan 2016

Intrinsically Core-Shell Plasmonic Dielectric Nanostructures With Ultrahigh Refractive Index, Zengji Yue, Boyuan Cai, Lan Wang, Xiaolin Wang, Min Gu

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Topological insulators are a new class of quantum material s with metallic (edge) surface states and insulating bulk states. They demonstrate a variety of novel electronic and optical properties, which make them highly promising electronic, spintronic, and optoelectronic materials. We report on a novel conic plasmonic nanostructure that is made of bulk-insulating topological insulators and has an intrinsic core-shell formation. The insulating (dielectric) core of the nanocone displays an ultrahigh refractive index of up to 5.5 in the near-infrared frequency range. On the metallic shell, plasmonic response and strong backward light scattering were observed in the visible frequency range. Through …

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Indirect-Direct Band Transformation Of Few-Layer Biocl Under Biaxial Strain, Zhongfei Xu, Weichang Hao, Qianfan Zhang, Zhongheng Fu, Haifeng Feng, Yi Du, S X. Dou Jan 2016

Indirect-Direct Band Transformation Of Few-Layer Biocl Under Biaxial Strain, Zhongfei Xu, Weichang Hao, Qianfan Zhang, Zhongheng Fu, Haifeng Feng, Yi Du, S X. Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Being a new two-dimensional layered compounds, the tunable indirect-direct band transformation of BiOCl with different layers can be realized by introducing the biaxial tensile or compressive strains. The band structure and stability of BiOCl with different layers are first researched to clarify the influence of layer numbers. A phase transformation of bilayer BiOCl and metallic characteristic for all are observed under large tensile and compressive strains, respectively. In addition, bond length, interlayer spacing, and band decomposed charge density are calculated to analyze the mechanism behind these phenomena. The results indicate that the band structure transformation is primarily related to the …

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The Magneto-Structural Transition In Mn1-Xfexcoge, Qing Yon Ren, Wayne D. Hutchison, Jian Li Wang, Andrew J. Studer, M F. Md Din, S Munoz Perez, John M. Cadogan, Stewart J. Campbell Jan 2016

The Magneto-Structural Transition In Mn1-Xfexcoge, Qing Yon Ren, Wayne D. Hutchison, Jian Li Wang, Andrew J. Studer, M F. Md Din, S Munoz Perez, John M. Cadogan, Stewart J. Campbell

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Large refrigeration capacities, between 212(30) J kg-1 and 261(40) J kg-1 for a magnetic field change from 0 T to 5 T, were obtained in Mn1-xFexCoGe (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04) compounds. A partial magnetic phase diagram has been derived on the basis of magnetic transition and martensitic transformation temperatures determined from differential scanning calorimetry (200 K to 450 K), variable temperature x-ray diffraction (20 K to 310 K) and magnetisation measurements (5 K to 340 K; 0.01 T). Mn1-xFexCoGe compounds with compositions in the range x = 0.01 to 0.03 exhibit magneto-structural transitions. Neutron diffraction experiments were …

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Elemental Distributions Within Multiphase Quaternary Pb Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials Determined Through Three-Dimensional Atom Probe Tomography, Sima Aminorroaya-Yamini, Tong Li, David R. G Mitchell, Julie M. Cairney Jan 2016

Elemental Distributions Within Multiphase Quaternary Pb Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials Determined Through Three-Dimensional Atom Probe Tomography, Sima Aminorroaya-Yamini, Tong Li, David R. G Mitchell, Julie M. Cairney

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Nanostructured multiphase p-type lead chalcogenides have shown the highest efficiencies amongst thermoelectric materials. However, their electronic transport properties have been described assuming homogenous distribution of dopants between phases. Here, we have analyzed elemental distributions in precipitates and matrices of nanostructured multiphase quaternary Pb chalcogenides doped to levels below and above the solubility limit of the matrix, using three-dimensional atom probe tomography. We demonstrate that partitioning of sodium and selenium occur between the matrix and secondary phase in both lightly- and heavily-doped compounds and that the concentrations of sodium and selenium in precipitates are higher than those in the matrices. This …

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Tuning The Morphology Of Co3o4 On Ni Foam For Supercapacitor Application, Zheyin Yu, Zhenxiang Cheng, Zhixin Tai, Xiaolin Wang, Chandrasekar Mayandi Subramaniyam, Chunsheng Fang, Shaymaa Al-Rubaye, Xiaotian Wang, S X. Dou Jan 2016

Tuning The Morphology Of Co3o4 On Ni Foam For Supercapacitor Application, Zheyin Yu, Zhenxiang Cheng, Zhixin Tai, Xiaolin Wang, Chandrasekar Mayandi Subramaniyam, Chunsheng Fang, Shaymaa Al-Rubaye, Xiaotian Wang, S X. Dou

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

In this work, NH4F was used as a vital additive to control the morphology of Co3O4 precursors on Ni foam in a conventional hydrothermal reaction, and then, via thermal decomposition, to obtain Co3O4 material. The amount of NH4F plays a pivotal role in the formed morphology of the Co3O4 precursors, and four morphologies of Co3O4 were obtained through close control of the amount of additive: nanowires, thin nanowire-clusters, thick nanowire-clusters, and fan-like bulks. The morphological evolution process of the Co3O4 precursors has been investigated according to their intermediates at different reaction stages, and some novel growth mechanisms are proposed: (1) …

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Host Structural Stabilization Of Li1.232mn0.615ni0.154o2 Through K-Doping Attempt: Toward Superior Electrochemical Performances, Zhuo Zheng, Xiao Dong Guo, Yan Jun Zhong, Wei-Bo Hua, Chong-Heng Shen, Shulei Chou, Xiu-Shan Yang Jan 2016

Host Structural Stabilization Of Li1.232mn0.615ni0.154o2 Through K-Doping Attempt: Toward Superior Electrochemical Performances, Zhuo Zheng, Xiao Dong Guo, Yan Jun Zhong, Wei-Bo Hua, Chong-Heng Shen, Shulei Chou, Xiu-Shan Yang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Lithium-rich layered cathodes are known famously for its superior capacity over traditional layered oxides but trapped for lower initial coulombic efficiency, poorer rate capability and worse cyclic stability in spite of diverse attempts. Herein, a new K-stabilized Li-rich layered cathode synthesized through a simple oxalate co-precipitation is reported for its super electrochemical performances. Compared with pristine Li-rich layered cathode, K-stabilized one reaches a higher initial coulombic efficiency of 87% from 76% and outruns for 94% of capacity retention and 244 mAh g-1 of discharge capacity at 0.5C after 100 cycles. Moreover, 133 mAh g-1 of discharge capacity can be delivered …

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A Green And Facile Way To Prepare Granadilla-Like Silicon-Based Anode Materials For Li-Ion Batteries, Lei Zhang, Ranjusha Rajagopalan, Haipeng Guo, Xianluo Hu, S X. Dou, Hua-Kun Liu Jan 2016

A Green And Facile Way To Prepare Granadilla-Like Silicon-Based Anode Materials For Li-Ion Batteries, Lei Zhang, Ranjusha Rajagopalan, Haipeng Guo, Xianluo Hu, S X. Dou, Hua-Kun Liu

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

A yolk-shell-structured carbon@void@silicon (CVS) anode material in which a void space is created between the inside silicon nanoparticle and the outer carbon shell is considered as a promising candidate for Li-ion cells. Untill now, all the previous yolk-shell composites were fabricated through a templating method, wherein the SiO2 layer acts as a sacrificial layer and creates a void by a selective etching method using toxic hydrofluoric acid. However, this method is complex and toxic. Here, a green and facile synthesis of granadilla-like outer carbon coating encapsulated silicon/carbon microspheres which are composed of interconnected carbon framework supported CVS nanobeads is reported. …

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Hierarchical Nafion Enhanced Carbon Aerogels For Sensing Applications, Bo Weng, Ailing Ding, Yuqing Liu, Jianglin Diao, Joselito M. Razal, King Tong Lau, Roderick L. Shepherd, Changming Li, Jun Chen Jan 2016

Hierarchical Nafion Enhanced Carbon Aerogels For Sensing Applications, Bo Weng, Ailing Ding, Yuqing Liu, Jianglin Diao, Joselito M. Razal, King Tong Lau, Roderick L. Shepherd, Changming Li, Jun Chen

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

This work describes the fabrication of hierarchical 3D Nafion enhanced carbon aerogels (NECAGs) for sensing applications via a fast freeze drying method. Graphene oxide, multiwalled carbon nanotubes and Nafion were mixed and extruded into liquid nitrogen followed by the removal of ice crystals by freeze drying. The addition of Nafion enhanced the mechanical strength of NECAGs and effective control of the cellular morphology and pore size was achieved. The resultant NECAGs demonstrated high strength, low density, and high specific surface area and can achieve a modulus of 20 kPa, an electrical conductivity of 140 S m-1, and a specific capacity …

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Developments In Conducting Polymer Fibres: From Established Spinning Methods Toward Advanced Applications, Azadehsadat Mirabedini, Javad Foroughi, Gordon G. Wallace Jan 2016

Developments In Conducting Polymer Fibres: From Established Spinning Methods Toward Advanced Applications, Azadehsadat Mirabedini, Javad Foroughi, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Conducting polymers have received increasing attention in both fundamental research and various fields of application in recent decades, ranging in use from biomaterials to renewable energy storage devices. Processing of conducting polymers into fibrillar structures through spinning has provided some unique capabilities to their final applications. Compared with non fibrillar forms, conducting polymer fibres are expected to display improved properties arising mainly from their low dimensions, well-oriented polymer chains, light weight and large surface area to volume ratio. Spinning methods have been employed effectively to produce technological conducting fibres from nanoscale to hundreds of micrometre sizes with controlled properties. This …

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General Synthesis Of Porous Mixed Metal Oxide Hollow Spheres With Enhanced Supercapacitive Properties, Qinghong Wang, Yuxuan Zhu, Jing Xue, Xinsheng Zhao, Zaiping Guo, Chao Wang Jan 2016

General Synthesis Of Porous Mixed Metal Oxide Hollow Spheres With Enhanced Supercapacitive Properties, Qinghong Wang, Yuxuan Zhu, Jing Xue, Xinsheng Zhao, Zaiping Guo, Chao Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Porous mixed metal oxide (MMO) hollow spheres present high specific surface areas, abundant electrochemically active sites, and outstanding electrochemical properties, showing potential applications in energy storage. A hydro/solvothermal process, followed by a calcination process, can be a viable method for producing uniform porous metal oxide hollow spheres. Unfortunately, this method usually involves harsh synthetic conditions such as high temperature and intricate processing. Herein, we report a general and facile "ion adsorption-annealing" approach for the fabrication of uniform porous MMO hollow spheres. The size and shell thickness of the as-obtained hollow spheres can be adjusted by the carbohydrate sphere templates and …

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Functional 3d Neural Mini-Tissues From Printed Gel-Based Bioink And Human Neural Stem Cells, Qi Gu, Eva Tomaskovic-Crook, Rodrigo Lozano, Yu Chen, Robert M. I Kapsa, Qi Zhou, Gordon G. Wallace, Jeremy Micah Crook Jan 2016

Functional 3d Neural Mini-Tissues From Printed Gel-Based Bioink And Human Neural Stem Cells, Qi Gu, Eva Tomaskovic-Crook, Rodrigo Lozano, Yu Chen, Robert M. I Kapsa, Qi Zhou, Gordon G. Wallace, Jeremy Micah Crook

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Direct-write printing of stem cells within biomaterials presents an opportunity to engineer tissue for in vitro modeling and regenerative medicine. Here, a first example of constructing neural tissue by printing human neural stem cells that are differentiated in situ to functional neurons and supporting neuroglia is reported. The supporting biomaterial incorporates a novel clinically relevant polysaccharide-based bioink comprising alginate, carboxymethyl-chitosan, and agarose. The printed bioink rapidly gels by stable cross-linking to form a porous 3D scaffold encapsulating stem cells for in situ expansion and differentiation. Differentiated neurons form synaptic contacts, establish networks, are spontaneously active, show a bicuculline-induced increased calcium …

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Thermoelectric Signals Of State Transition In Polycrystalline Smb6, Zengji Yue, Q J. Chen, Xiaolin Wang Jan 2016

Thermoelectric Signals Of State Transition In Polycrystalline Smb6, Zengji Yue, Q J. Chen, Xiaolin Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Topological Kondo insulator SmB6 has attracted quite a lot of attention from the condensed matter physics community. A number of unique electronic properties, including low-temperature resistivity anomaly, 1D electronic transport and 2D Fermi surfaces have been observed in SmB6. Here, we report on thermoelectric transport properties of polycrystalline SmB6 over a broad temperature from 300 to 2 K. An anomalous transition in the temperature-dependent Seebeck coefficient S from S(T) $\propto $ T −1 to S(T) $\propto $ T was observed around 12 K. Such a transition demonstrates a transition of conductivity from 3D metallic bulk states to 2D metallic surface …

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Effective Area And Charge Density Of Dextran Sulphate Doped Pedot Modified Electrodes, Alexander R. Harris, Paul J. Molino, Robert M. I Kapsa, Graeme M. Clark, Antonio G. Paolini, Gordon G. Wallace Jan 2016

Effective Area And Charge Density Of Dextran Sulphate Doped Pedot Modified Electrodes, Alexander R. Harris, Paul J. Molino, Robert M. I Kapsa, Graeme M. Clark, Antonio G. Paolini, Gordon G. Wallace

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The performance of neural electrodes over chronic periods is poor with degrading signal-to-noise ratio and low biocompatibility. Consequently, electrodes require modification to improve their performance, biostability and biocompatibility. A large variety of doped conducting polymers have been proposed for optimising neural electrodes, but to date, none have achieved the required biostability and biocompatibility necessary for human application. Dextran sulfate is used as an antithrombotic and may be of use in improving neural electrode biocompatibility. Poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene was successfully doped with dextran sulfate (PEDOT-DS) by electropolymerisation on neural electrode arrays. Deposited films increased the electrode area and displayed a rough morphology compared …

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Polarized Raman Backscattering Selection Rules For (Hhl)-Oriented Diamond- And Zincblende-Type Crystals, Julian Steele, P Puech, Roger A. Lewis Jan 2016

Polarized Raman Backscattering Selection Rules For (Hhl)-Oriented Diamond- And Zincblende-Type Crystals, Julian Steele, P Puech, Roger A. Lewis

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Due to their interesting orientation-dependent properties, the ability to grow high-index semiconductor crystals and nanostructures extends the design palette for applications based on these materials. Notably, a source containing a systematic reporting of what the Raman tensors are for an arbitrary high-index zincblende material is yet to appear in the literature. Herein, we present the polarized Raman backscattering selection rules for arbitrary (hhl)-oriented diamond- and zincblende-type crystal surfaces and verify their correctness through experiment (up to (115)). Considering the many degrees of freedom available to common polarized micro-Raman scattering instruments, and the unique local orientation of the probed material, we …

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Magnetocaloric Effect In Homn2si2 Compound With Multiple Magnetic Phase Transitions, J C. Debnath, Jian Li Wang Jan 2016

Magnetocaloric Effect In Homn2si2 Compound With Multiple Magnetic Phase Transitions, J C. Debnath, Jian Li Wang

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of the polycrystalline compound HoMn2Si2 have been studied. The temperature variation of magnetization and heat capacity show that below room temperature the compound under goes multiple magnetic transitions, at about 80, 15 and 3.5 K respectively. Moreover, the presence of the interesting thermomagnetic irreversibility in HoMn2Si2 is detected in the magnetization versus temperature plot, which can be ascribed to the narrow domain wall pinning effect. A broad and asymmetric peak is observed for the MCE response which might suggest the underlying first-order nature of the transition and/or the spin fluctuations of the Mn subsystem. …

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Switching Of Both Local Ferroelectric And Magnetic Domains In Multiferroic Bi 0.9 La0.1 Feo3 Thin Film By Mechanical Force, Tingting Jia, Hideo Kimura, Zhenxiang Cheng, Hongyang Zhao Jan 2016

Switching Of Both Local Ferroelectric And Magnetic Domains In Multiferroic Bi 0.9 La0.1 Feo3 Thin Film By Mechanical Force, Tingting Jia, Hideo Kimura, Zhenxiang Cheng, Hongyang Zhao

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Cross-coupling of ordering parameters in multiferroic materials by multiple external stimuli other than electric field and magnetic field is highly desirable from both practical application and fundamental study points of view. Recently, mechanical force has attracted great attention in switching of ferroic ordering parameters via electro-elastic coupling in ferroelectric materials. In this work, mechanical force induced both polarization and magnetization switching were visualized in a polycrystalline multiferroic Bi0.9La0.1FeO3 thin film using a scanning probe microscopy system. The piezoresponse force microscopy and magnetic force microscopy responses suggest that both the ferroelectric domains and the magnetic domains in Bi0.9La0.1FeO3 film could be …

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Defect Graphene As A Trifunctional Catalyst For Electrochemical Reactions, Yi Jia, Longzhou Zhang, Aijun Du, Guoping Gao, Jun Chen, Xuecheng Yan, Christopher L. Brown, Xiangdong Yao Jan 2016

Defect Graphene As A Trifunctional Catalyst For Electrochemical Reactions, Yi Jia, Longzhou Zhang, Aijun Du, Guoping Gao, Jun Chen, Xuecheng Yan, Christopher L. Brown, Xiangdong Yao

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

The defects derived by the removal of heteroatoms from graphene have been demonstrated, both experimentally and theoretically, to be effective for all three basic electrochemical reactions, e.g., oxygen reduction (ORR), oxygen evolution (OER), hydrogen evolution (HER). Density function theory calculations further reveal that the different types of defects are essential for the individual electrocatalytic activity for ORR, OER, and HER, respectively.

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Smart Fabrics And Networked Clothing: Recent Developments In Cnt-Based Fibers And Their Continual Refinement, Javad Foroughi, Teodor E. Mitew, Philip O. Ogunbona, Raad Raad, Farzad Safaei Jan 2016

Smart Fabrics And Networked Clothing: Recent Developments In Cnt-Based Fibers And Their Continual Refinement, Javad Foroughi, Teodor E. Mitew, Philip O. Ogunbona, Raad Raad, Farzad Safaei

Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers

Virtually all human cultures routinely wear garments or some sort of attire, both for protection against the elements and as part of a complex social display of everything from class status to gender to the act of belonging to a particular subculture. Smart garments, in addition to performing their social functions, can act as transmitters, sensors, or energy-harvesting entities. Furthermore, such garments may also possess some processing capability, enabling them to perform a variety of tasks, perhaps in conjunction with cloud-based server resources.

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