Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Low Temperature Cathodoluminescence In Disordered Sio2, Amberly Evans Jensen, Gregory Wilson, Justin Dekany, Jr Dennison

Presentations

No abstract provided.

Simulation Chamber For Space Environment Survivability Testing, Lisa Montierth, Robert H. Johnson, Jr Dennison, James S. Dyer

Presentations

No abstract provided.

An Electron-Photon Duel: Cathodoluminescence In Disordered Polymeric Materials, Douglas Ball, Alec Sim, Jr Dennison

Presentations

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Acceleration On Nucleate Boiling And Bubble Departure Dynamics In Microgravity, Jenica Sparrow, Heng Ban, Jr Dennison

Presentations

No abstract provided.

Micrometeoroid From Misse Examined To Understand The Effects Of The Space Environment On Space Suit, Kelby T. Peterson, Jr Dennison

Presentations

No abstract provided.

Micrometeoroid From Misse Examined To Understand The Effects Of The Space Environment On Space Suit, Kelby T. Peterson, Jr Dennison

NCUR

Samples that were part of the Materials International Space Station Experiment (MISSE) experienced varying effects whilst exposed to the space environment; perhaps the most intriguing effect was the crater created by a micrometeoroid impact into a thin film of Vapor Deposited Aluminum (VDA) coated Mylar. Approximately 180 samples of various materials used in space-component design were flown on MISSE-6 and spent 18 months suspended off the side of the International Space Station. The Utah State University SUSpECS project was a unique student experiment that allowed for pre- and post-flight analysis of these material samples which were returned in pristine condition …

Simulation Chamber For Space Environment Survivability Testing, Lisa D. Montierth, Robert H. Johnson

NCUR

A vacuum chamber was designed and built that simulates the space environment making possible the testing of material modification due to exposure of solar radiation. Critical environmental components required include an ultra high vacuum (10-9 Torr), a UV/VIS/NIR solar spectrum source, an electron gun and charge plasma, temperature extremes, and long exposure duration. To simulate the solar spectrum, a solar simulator was attached to the chamber with a range of 200nm to 2000nm. The exposure time can be accelerated by scaling the solar intensity up to four suns. A Krypton lamp imitates the 120 nm ultraviolet hydrogen Lymann alpha emission …

Full Isolation Number Of Matrices: Some Extremal Results, David Tate, David E. Brown

Browse All Undergraduate research

A set of nonzero entries of a (0,1)-matrix is an isolated set if no two entries belong to the same row, no two entries belong to the same column, and no two entries belong to a submatrix of the form [1 1; 1 1]. The isolation number of a matrix is the maximum size over all isolated sets. The isolation number of a matrix is a well-known and well-used lower bound for the matrix's Boolean rank. We will discuss the isolation number of the adjacency matrix of various graphs and develop some extremal results for n x n matrices with …

Connecting Subseasonal Movements Of The Winter Mean Ridge In Western North America To Inversion Climatology In Cache Valley, Utah, Shi-Yu (Simon) Wang, Robert R. Gillies, Randy Martin, Robert E. Davies, Marty R. Booth

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

A 10-yr record of PM2.5 (particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm), collected in Cache Valley near downtown Logan, Utah, reveals a strong peak in the PM2.5 concentration climatology that is tightly localized in mid-January. The cause of this subseasonal variation in the PM2.5 climatology is investigated through dynamical downscaling and large-scale diagnostics. Climatological analysis of the U.S. winter mean ridge reveals a mid-January subseasonal shift in the zonal direction, likely in response to variations in the Rossby wave source over the central North Pacific Ocean. This displacement of the winter mean ridge, in turn, has an impact on …

All Homogeneous Pure Radiation Spacetimes Satisfy The Einstein–Maxwell Equations, Charles G. Torre

All Physics Faculty Publications

It is shown that all homogeneous pure radiation solutions to the Einstein equations admit electromagnetic sources. This corrects an error in the literature.

03 Characteristics Of The Quasi-16 Day Wave In The Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere (Mlt): A Review Over An Equatorial Station Thumba (8.50n, 76.50e), Siddarth Shankar Das

Modern Climatology

To understand the climate variability and weather prediction in the Earth’s atmosphere, measurements of winds, temperature and wave activities are very crucial. The Earth’s atmosphere is believed to act as a source and sink for the waves of a broader spectrum with periods from few seconds to years. Generally, the Earth’s atmosphere is stably stratified except the planetary boundary layer and thus makes a reasonable assumption for the presence of atmospheric waves. A barotropic atmosphere in a resting basic state is able to support these spectra of waves. These waves move diagonally upward or downward and horizontally. The mean zonal …

Enso Prediction One Year In Advance Using Western North Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures, Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang, Michelle L'Heureux, Hsin Hsing Chia

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

We present evidence that the de-trended, boreal winter sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the western North Pacific (WNP) are a skillful predictor for the development of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) by the following winter. The WNP shares some similarities with the Meridional Mode (MM) located in the subtropical central and eastern North Pacific: both are linked to off-equatorial SSTA and low-level wind anomalies, and both appear to be strongly related to wintertime variability in the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO). However, in contrast with the MM, the WNP is associated with an opposite-signed SSTA dipole located off southeastern Asia …

01 Southern Hemisphere Tropical Cyclone Climatology, Yuriy Kuleshov

Modern Climatology

Southern Hemisphere Tropical Cyclone Climatology:

Each year, around 80 tropical cyclones (TCs) form around the world, with about one-third of them in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) (Gray, 1979). Tropical cyclones within the South Indian Ocean (SIO) and the South Pacific Ocean (SPO) are frequent and intense, and they dramatically affect maritime navigation and the lives of communities in coastal areas. Australia and the island nations are affected each year by TCs. In extreme cases they can have devastating consequences on life, property and the economic well-being of the communities directly affected and the country as a whole, as in the …

09 Paleotempestology: Reconstructing Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Tracks In The Pre-Hurdat Era, Jill S.M. Coleman, Steven A. Lavoie

Modern Climatology

The study of past tropical cyclone activity by means of geological proxies and/or historical documentary records is known as paleotempestology. This scientific discipline has become prominent over the course of the last decade partially in response to the recent increase in tropical cyclone count and intensity in the North Atlantic basin witnessed since 1995. The field has also developed due to the socioeconomic impacts of tropical cyclones particularly along vulnerable coastal regions. During the twenty-five years prior to the start of the most recent increase in hurricane activity, major (Category 3, 4, or 5) hurricanes were less frequent than in …

07 Climatology Of The Northern-Central Adriatic Sea, Aniello Russo, Sandro Carniel, Mauro Sclavo, Maja Krzelj

Modern Climatology

It is well know that the ocean processes exert a great influence on global climate as well as affect the local climate of coastal areas (Russo et al., 2002). Within the Mediterranean region (see Fig. 1a), the presence of the Adriatic Sea influences the atmospheric properties of the surrounding regions over long and short time-scales, and has obviously a relevant influence on human activities and ecosystems (Boldrin et al., 2009).

11 Climate Change: Is It More Predictable Than We Think?, Rafail V. Abramov

Modern Climatology

The global climate systemties togethermany physical variables, such as flow velocity, density, pressure, temperature, to name a few. The core equations of the climate system are the primitive evolution equations of the atmosphere and ocean (Lions et al., 1992a;b; 1993a;b; 1995; Majda, 2003), which directly involve the flow velocity (or, alternatively, streamfunction and vorticity), density and pressure. To incorporate the effects of other relevant physical processes which supply the energy to or draw it from the motion of the flow, the primitive equations are coupled to other physical processes through temperature, water vapor, ocean surface pressure, and other variables. The …

05 The South American Monsoon System: Climatology And Variability, Viviane B.S. Silva, Vernon E. Kousky

Modern Climatology

A typical Monsoon System is characterized by a reversal in the low-level wind direction between summer and winter seasons, and distinct wet (summer) and dry (winter) periods. The changes in low-level atmospheric circulation are related to changes in the thermal contrast between oceans and continents. During summer, the air over continents is warmer and more convectively unstable than air over adjacent oceanic regions. Consequently, lower pressure occurs over land and higher pressure occurs over nearby oceanic areas. This pressure pattern causes low-level moist air to converge onto the land, resulting in precipitation, especially during the late afternoon and evening hours. …

14 Rainfall Prediction Using Teleconnection Patterns Through The Application Of Artificial Neural Networks, Gholam Abbas Fallah-Ghalhari

Modern Climatology

All aspects of human life are, directly or indirectly, affected by climatic processes. This effect is especially noticeable in such fields as agriculture, irrigation, economy, telecommunications, transportation, traffic, air pollution and military industries (Haltiner & Williams 1980). A number of researchers have studied the possibility of forecasting rainfall several months in advance using climate indices such as SOI, PDOI and NPI (e.g. Silverman and Dracup 2000). A well-known atmospheric phenomenon is the Southern Oscillation (SO). The SO is an atmospheric see-saw process in the tropical Pacific sea level pressure between the eastern and western hemispheres associated with the El Niño …

Modern Climatology - Full Text, Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang, Robert R. Gillies

Modern Climatology

Climatology, the study of climate, is no longer regarded as a single discipline that treats climate as something that fluctuates only within the unchanging boundaries described by historical statistics. The field has recognized that climate is something that changes continually under the influence of physical and biological forces and so, cannot be understood in isolation but rather, is one that includes diverse scientific disciplines that play their role in understanding a highly complex coupled “whole system” that is the Earth’s climate. The modern era of climatology is echoed in this book. On the one hand it offers a broad synoptic …

13 Synthesizing High-Resolution Climatological Wind Fields With A Mesoscale Atmospheric Boundary Layer Model Forced With Local Weather Observations, Guillermo J. Berri

Modern Climatology

The region of the La Plata River in southeastern South America (see Fig. 1) concentrates important economic and social activities since one third of the population of Argentina and more than one half the population of Uruguay live there. Large urban complexes, different commercial activities and important industries are located along its shores. In addition, the La Plata River and its tributary the Paraná River are main ship tracks with some of the largest ports of the southern cone of South America. Therefore, the region is of vital importance for the two countries. The La Plata River is a large …

02 Indian Monsoon Depression: Climatology And Variability, Jin-Ho Yoon, Wan-Ru Huang

Modern Climatology

The monsoon climate is traditionally characterized by large amount of seasonal rainfall and reversal of wind direction (e.g., Krishnamurti 1979). Most importantly this rainfall is the major source of fresh water to various human activities such as agriculture. The Indian subcontinent resides at the core of the Southeast Asian summer monsoon system with the monsoon trough extended from northern India across Indochina to the Western Tropical Pacific (WTP). Large fraction of annual rainfall occurs during the summer monsoon season, i.e., June – August1, with two distinct maxima. One is located over the Bay of Bengal with rainfall extending northwestward into …

12 On The Relationship Between Boundary Layer Convergence And Cloud-To-Ground Lightning, Michael L. Gauthier

Modern Climatology

It is generally accepted that significant electrification, and subsequent lightning generation, in clouds is attained via non-inductive charging (NIC) when sufficient numbers of ice crystals collide with graupel particles in the presence of supercooled liquid water [e.g. Saunders et al., 1991; Jayaratne et al., 1983; Takahashi, 1978]. As these particle scale interactions are driven by vertical motions it can be argued that, under appropriate thermodynamical and microphysical conditions, any process that enhances updraft strength should also enhance the storms ability to generate lightning. Constrained by mass continuity, updrafts leading to deep moist convection are necessarily associated with sub-cloud horizontal mass …

10 Cenozoic Climatic Record For Monsoonal Rainfall Over The Indian Region, Mohan Kuppusamy, Prosenjit Ghosh

Modern Climatology

Atmospheric carbon dioxide level is one of the major drivers responsible for the global temperature change (Lacis et al., 2010). The role of carbon dioxide as an important greenhouse gas, and its contribution towards regulation of global surface temperature has been recognized for over a century (Arrhenius, 1896; Chamberlin, 1899; Royer, 2006). The ice core records along with other proxy based records provides an evidence signifying a strong coupling between CO2 and global temperature for at least the last ~65 m.y. (million years) (Petit et al., 1999; Siegenthaler et al., 2005, Zachos et al., 2001). The intensification of convective hydrological …

08 Spatial And Temporal Variability Of Sea Surface Temperature In The Yellow Sea And East China Sea Over The Past 141 Years, Daji Huang, Xiaobo Ni, Qisheng Tang, Xiaohua Zhu, Dongfeng Xu

Modern Climatology

The Yellow Sea and East China Sea (YES) are marginal seas in the northwest Pacific. There is in fact a smaller sea, the Bohai Sea, to the north of the Yellow Sea. For most discussions in the chapter, we shall treat the Bohai Sea as part of the Yellow Sea. The YES is one of the mostly intensively utilized sea in the world, for example, heavy fishery and marine aquaculture. The use of the YES is closely related to its climate variability, though it is not well-know because until now there has been a lack of adequate observational data. To …

06 Climatology Of The U.S. Inter-Mountain West, Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang, Robert R. Gillies

Modern Climatology

The Inter-Mountain West (IMW) of North America is a region that lies between the Rocky Mountains to the east and the Cascades and Sierra Nevada to the west (Fig. 1). The climate of the IMW is generally semi-arid but this varies by location and elevation. An estimated 50- 80% of the IMW’s streams and rivers are fed by mountain snowpack (Marks and Winstral 2001), while the majority of the streams and rivers flow into desert sinks or closed-basin lakes such as the Great Salt Lake (Fig. 1). These streams and rivers create some agriculturally productive areas in the otherwise dry …

04 Thunderstorm And Lightning Climatology Of Australia, Yuriy Kuleshov

Modern Climatology

Thunderstorms are spectacular but hazardous weather phenomena and the associated lightning and wind gusts can be very hazardous to people, buildings, and industry and utility assets. The thunderstorm hazards in Australia are in most respects similar to those in other countries, but some are worthy of special comment. In some instances, the effects of lightning initiated bushfires are so extreme that they are classified as natural disasters. The wildfires started by lightning are known locally in Australia as bushfire and grass fires, and these can cause extensive damage and loss of life. The ignition is caused by the lightning current …

Uintah County, Uintah County Road #060703a (Amendment), United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management

Environmental Assessments (UT)

This Environmental Assessment (EA) has been prepared to analyze Uintah County's proposal to amend their right-of-way (ROW) UTU-69125-20 (county road #060703A) to include approximately 4.36 miles of road for public commerce, enjoyment, recreation and travel. Uintah County has proposed this project to facilitate management of their County Road system.

Three-Dimensional Tomographic Reconstruction Of Mesospheric Airglow Structures Using Two-Station Ground-Based Image Measurements, V. P. Hart, T. E. Doyle, Michael J. Taylor, B. L. Carruth, Pierre-Dominique Pautet, Yucheng Zhao

All Physics Faculty Publications

A new methodology is presented to create two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) tomographic reconstructions of mesospheric airglow layer structure using two-station all-sky image measurements. A fanning technique is presented that produces a series of cross-sectional 2D reconstructions, which are combined to create a 3D mapping of the airglow volume. The imaging configuration is discussed and the inherent challenges of using limited-angle data in tomographic reconstructions have been analyzed using artificially generated imaging objects. An iterative reconstruction method, the partially constrained algebraic reconstruction technique (PCART), was used in conjunction with a priori information of the airglow emission profile to constrain the …

Effect Of Sudden Stratospheric Warmingon Lunar Tidal Modulation Of The Equatorial Electrojet, J. Park, H. Luhr, M. Kunze, Bela G. Fejer, K. W. Min

Bela G. Fejer

[1] Using the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) peak current intensity as deduced from CHAMP magnetic observations from the years 2001 through 2009, we investigated the relationship between sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) and lunitidal signatures in the tropical ionosphere. There is a practically one-to-one correspondence between midwinter SSW periods and the strongest 13 day modulation of the EEJ strength as observed by CHAMP. That is, all the midwinter SSW periods from December 2001 to August 2009 were accompanied by an enhanced 13 day modulation of the EEJ strength. No other geophysical phenomenon brought about as strong a 13 day modulation as those …

Multi-Decadal Drought Cycles In The Great Basin Recorded By The Great Salt Lake: Modulation From A Transition-Phase Teleconnection, Shih-Yu (Simon) Wang, Robert R. Gillies, Thomas Reichler

Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications

This study investigates the meteorological conditions associated with multidecadal drought cycles as revealed by lake level fluctuation of the Great Salt Lake (GSL). The analysis combined instrumental, proxy, and simulation datasets, including the Twentieth Century Reanalysis version 2, the North American Drought Atlas, and a 2000-yr control simulation of the GFDL Coupled Model, version 2.1 (CM2.1). Statistical evidence from the spectral coherence analysis points to a phase shift amounting to 6–9 yr between the wet–dry cycles in the Great Basin and the warm–cool phases of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO). Diagnoses of the sea surface temperature and atmospheric …