Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Criteria For Elves And Sprites On Schumann Resonance Observations, E. W. Huang, E. R. Williams, R. Boldi, S. Heckman, W. Lyons, Michael J. Taylor, C. Wong, T. Nelson

All Physics Faculty Publications

Ground flashes with positive polarity associated with both sprites and elves excite the Earth's Schumann resonances to amplitudes several times greater than the background resonances. Theoretical predictions for dielectric breakdown in the mesosphere are tested using ELF methods to evaluate vertical charge moments of positive ground flashes. Comparisons of the measured time constants for lightning charge transfer with the electrostatic relaxation time at altitudes of nighttime sprite initiation (50–70 km) generally validate the electrostatic assumption in predictions made initially by Wilson [1925]. The measured charge moments (Q dS = 200–2000 C-km) are large in comparison with ordinary negative lightning but …

Natural Resources Conservation Laws: A Report On 17 States And Their Selected Counties And Townships, Huong N. Tran, Liu-Hsiung Chuang, Carolyne L. Guss, Resource Economics And Social Sciences Division, Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department Of Agriculture

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Laws are social institutions that guide social functions, declare social programs, and even project the visions of a governed society. In a democracy like the United States of America, laws exist at every level of government. Federal, state, and local agencies that have related missions work together as partners, and their staffs need to understand the legal requirements and limitations to better serve the constituents. Private citizens can also benefit from being aware of the laws of other jurisdictions that might serve as models for improving their laws and regulations. With this awareness the public spirit can be enhanced and …

Natural Resources Conservation Laws A Report On 17 States And Their Selected Counties And Townships, Huong N. Tran, Liu-Hsiung Chuang, Carolyne L. Guss, Resource Economics And Social Sciences Division, Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department Of Agriculture

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Laws are social institutions that guide social functions, declare social programs, and even project the visions of a governed society. In a democracy like the United States of America, laws exist at every level of government. Federal, state, and local agencies that have related missions work together as partners, and their staffs need to understand the legal requirements and limitations to better serve the constituents. Private citizens can also benefit from being aware of the laws of other jurisdictions that might serve as models for improving their laws and regulations. With this awareness the public spirit can be enhanced and …

Rare, Imperiled, And Recently Extinct Or Extirpated Mollusks Of Utah: A Literature Review, George V. Oliver, William R. Bosworth, Iii, State Of Utah Department Of Natural Resources

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

About 139 species of mollusks are known to occur, or within historical times to have occurred, in Utah. The number of known Utah mollusks is not fixed and can be expected to continue to change, increasing as new molluscan discoveries are made in Utah and possibly decreasing as taxonomic revisions change our concept of how many valid mollusk species exist. This report represents one of the end products of a review of literature—published journal articles and books as well as unpublished agency reports—dealing with mollusks in Utah. The goals of this review were to determine (1) which species have been …

Final Environmental Impact Statement: Ferron Natural Gas Project, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Land Management, Utah, Usda Forest Service, Utah Division Of Oil, Gas, And Mining

Elusive Documents

Anadarko Petroleum Corporation, Chandler and Associates, LLC, and Texaco Exploration and Production, Inc. propose to develop two separate areas northeast and southwest of Price, Utah and extract natural gas. Questar Pipeline Company proposes to develop a new natural gas transmission pipeline as part of the Proposed Action. With the pipeline corridor, the Proposed Action encompasses a total of about 111 ,781 acres. The developments would involve drilling a maximum of 285 natural gas wells on Federal, State and private lands, constructing roads and gathering pipelines for natural gas and produced water, drilling wells for disposing of produced water, and construction …

Evaluating Snowmelt Runoff, Infiltration, And Erosion In A Sagebrush-Steppe Ecosystem, Eric K. Duffin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Production of low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) has created a need for safe storage facilities. These facilities must be capable of isolating radioactive waste and preventing contamination from physical or biological intrusion until the waste material is isotopically stable. At the present time, managers of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) have a substantial database characterizing rainfall events and the subsequent impact on integrity of shallow land burial sites used for storage of LLRW. Little information has been gathered describing the processes of snow accumulation/ablation and the resulting impact on storage facilities. This study examines snowmelt runoff, infiltration, and …

Molecular Characterization Of Soil Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria Based On The Genes Encoding Ammonia Monooxygenase, Jose Javier Alzerreca

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are chemolithotrophs that oxidize ammonia/ammonium to nitrite in a two-step process to obtain energy for survival. AOB are difficult to isolate from the environment and iso lated strains may not represent the diversity in soil. A genetic database and molecular tools were developed based on the ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) encoding genes that can be used to assess the diversity of AOB that exist in soil and aquatic environments without the isolation of pure cultures. The amo genes have excellent potential as molecular markers; since AMO is only found in the AOB and is essential for their metabolism, …

Chemical And Hydrostratigraphic Characterization Of Ground Water And Surface Water Interactions In Cache Valley, Utah, J. Mike Robinson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A series of five east-west and two north-south hydrostratigraphic cross sections were drawn from drillers' logs of water wells within the southern half of Cache Valley, Utah. These cross-sections demonstrate that ground water flow to streams is restricted by a continuous low- II permeability layer, nearly 100-feet thick. This layer was correlated to the lake-bottom deposits of the Bonneville (30,000 -13,000 years ago) and Little Valley (140,000 - 90,000 years ago) cycles of the ancient Lake Bonneville.

The most productive aquifers in the valley, collectively termed the principal aquifer , are in the southeast corner , approximately between Smithfield and …

Cenozoic Structural And Stratigraphic Evolution Of The Southeastern Salmon Basin, East-Central Idaho, James J. Blankenau

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The southeastern Salmon basin (SB) of east-central Idaho is a complex east-dipping half graben containing four unconformity-bounded sequences of Tertiary volcanic, alluvial fan, lacustrine, and fluvial deposits. From oldest to youngest these are the Challis volcanic group, sedimentary rocks of Tendoy (new name), sedimentary rocks of Sacajaweja (new name), and Quaternary-Tertiary deposits . The thick sequence of volcanic rocks was deposited in a southeast-trending paleovalley . New mapping, cross-cutting relationships, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age determinations, and angular unconformities show that the SB has experienced at least four episodes of extension, and that it lies in the core of an …

Sequence Stratigraphy And Paleoecology Of The Middle Cambrian Spence Shale Member Of The Langston Formation Of Northeastern Utah And Southeastern Idaho, Scott H. Wright

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Middle Cambrian Spence Shale Member contains meter-scale, shallowing-up cycles (parasequences) and record approximately 360 ky of deposition. These meter-scale cycles are nested within transgressive systems tracts (TST) and highstand systems tracts (HST) which reflect different stages of a lower-order, higher-magnitude sea-level excursion.

Fossil assemblages are located in stratigraphic positions within the Spence Shale Member that can be predicted on the basis of sequence architecture. The cycle architecture, taphonomy, and geochemistry of the Spence parasequences confirm synthetic sections and theoretical models of meter-scale cycles developed in other studies. Delineation of meter-scale cycles, based on taphonomic and sedimentologic criteria, allows high-resolution …

The Role Of Iron And Reactive Oxygen Species In Particulate Air Pollution-Dependent Biochemical And Biological Activities, Kevin Richard Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Particulate air pollution is known to exacerbate respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in humans. It has been proposed that transition meta ls from inhaled particles may play a role in this exacerbation by generating radical species leading to damage in the lungs.

The aim of this research was to determine the role that iron from particulate air pollution played in the generation of reactive oxygen species and subsequently the induction of inflammatory mediators in cells in culture. The production of reactive oxygen species by particulate air pollution was found to be dependent on the mobilization …

A Social Analysis Of Grazing Management On National Forest Lands: A Case Study In Catron County, New Mexico, Alexis S. Watts

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The rural west in this country faces increased national pressure concerning the management of natural resources on public lands. Issues regarding natural resource management are becoming more important as they continue to affect rural communities and capture the attention of a variety of interest groups. Natural resource managers are increasingly required to consider social dimensions of resource use and management. Lack of consideration in these areas can lead to dissatisfied, and even hostile, local residents and interest groups. Often land managers face criticism from many groups at once as a result of management decisions.

This study analyzed a particular resource …

Measurement Of Angle-Resolved Secondary Electron Spectra, Robert Davies

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Theoretical formulations of secondary electron emission over the past 20 years have exceeded the confirming ability of available measurements. An instrument has been developed and tested for the purpose of obtaining simultaneous angle- and energy-resolved (AER) secondary and backscattered electron measurements for energetic electrons incident on conducting surfaces. The instrument is found to be in good working order and the data quality found to be excellent for nearly all angles and energies investigated. A representative set of AER measurements has been acquired for 1500 eV electrons normally incident on polycrystalline gold. The data have been used to construct angle-resolved (AR) …

Vessiot: A Maple Package For Varational And Tensor Calculus In Multiple Coordinate Frames, Charles E. Miller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Maple V package Vessiot is an extensive set of procedures for performing computations in variational and tensor calculus. Vessiot is an extension of a previous package, Helmholtz, which was written by Cinnamon Hillyard for performing operations in the calculus of variations. The original set of commands included standard operators on differential forms, Euler-Lagrange operators, the Lie bracket operator, Lie derivatives, and homotopy operators. These capabilities are preserved in Vessiot, and enhanced so as to function in a multiple coordinate frame context. In addition, a substantial number of general tensor operations have been added to the package. These include standard …

Tertiary Stratigraphy And Structural Geology, Wellsville Mountains To Junction Hills, North-Central Utah, Kathryn M. Goessel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study integrates detailed mapping of Tertiary deposits along the divide between the lower Bear River basin and the Cache Valley basin with several other techniques to generate a depositional model, define extension-related structures, and compile a geologic history for this part of the northeastern Basin and Range province. The study area is situated along the topographic divide between Box Elder and Cache Counties, Utah, from the Wellsville Mountains north almost to Clarkston Mountain. These ranges are cored by folded and thrusted Paleozoic rocks. They are bound on the west by normal faults of the Wasatch fault zone and on …

Prediction Of Suburban Encroachment On The Ethan Allen Firing Range And Camp Johnson, Chittenden County, Vermont, John D. Calandrelli

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Suburban encroachment is a growing concern for many National Guard training installations. The Ethan Allen. Firing Range and Camp Johnson, Vermont, are either experiencing or are completely enclosed by urban encroachment. The objective of this study was to analyze the trends of suburban growth within Chittenden County, Vermont, to evaluate growth and explore future training site viability of the Ethan Allen Firing Range and Camp Johnson.

This study focused on historical data, recent real estate transactions, population projections, and county plans for growth. Using historical and contemporary data, I developed a predictive model of suburban encroachment on Camp Johnson and …

Investigation Of The Determinants Of African Savanna Vegetation Distribution: A Case Study From The Lower Omo Basin, Ethiopia, Catherine A. Schloeder

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Organization has little information on the extent and ecological determinants of plant species composition and distribution in Omo National Park. Elsewhere, the determinants of African savanna vegetation dynamics have been the focus of numerous investigations, yet our understanding of the hierarchical nature and relative importance of any relationships remains very general. As well, our ability to derive predictions about vegetation responses is limited to extreme generalizations. African savanna landscape ecotones have received even less attention than most landscapes. In this dissertation, I test hypotheses about plant species distribution-determinant relationships in Omo National Park, a park that …

Ultraviolet-B Radiation: Effects On Pollen Of 34 Taxa, And Inheritance Patterns And Carryover Of Radiation Response In Arabidopsis, Javad Torabinejad

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Although considerable research has addressed effects of elevated ultraviolet-B (UV-8) radiation on vegetative plant structures and processes, the reproductive biology and patterns of inheritance of UV-B tolerance have received much less attention. I examined the effects of UV-B radiation on pollen of 34 taxa. I also addressed questions concerning the patterns of inheritance of UV-B tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana and examined potential cumulative carryover effects of UV-B exposure through multiple generations of this species.

In the first study, a significant reduction in pollen germination occurred in only five species, but pollen tube growth in more than half of the species …

Construction And Analysis Of A Family Of Numerical Methods For Hyperbolic Conservation Laws With Stiff Source Terms, Cinnamon Hillyard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Numerical schemes for the partial differential equations used to characterize stiffly forced conservation laws are constructed and analyzed. Partial differential equations of this form are found in many physical applications including modeling gas dynamics, fluid flow, and combustion. Many difficulties arise when trying to approximate solutions to stiffly forced conservation laws numerically. Some of these numerical difficulties are investigated.

A new class of numerical schemes is developed to overcome some of these problems. The numerical schemes are constructed using an infinite sequence of conservation laws.

Restrictions are given on the schemes that guarantee they maintain a uniform bound and satisfy …

Pretty Tree Bench Vegetation Project, Draft Environmental Impact Statement, Usda Forest Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Draft Environmental Impact Statement documents the analysis of the No Action, Proposed Action, and three action alternatives developed for the Pretty Tree Bench Project area. The Proposed Action and action alternatives considered in detail, are consistent with current management direction. Each alternative responds differently to the issues associated with the Proposed Action.

The Proposed Action prescribes disturbances within a number of different vegetation types throughout the project area. One disturbance practice uses prescribed fire. The acres of treatment by vegetation type through the use of prescribed fire are: Sagebrush (200-250 acres), Gambel Oak (450-500 acres), Pinyon/Juniper (3000-3500 acres), Ponderosa …

Race, Ethnicity And Use Of The National Park System, Dr. Myron Floyd, National Park Service, Department Of The Interior

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This paper reviews the social science literature on racial and ethnic minority use of the National Park System. Four theoretical perspectives are examined--the marginality hypothesis, subcultural hypothesis, assimilation theory, and the discrimination hypothesis. Each perspective is described, and its strengths and limitations discussed. Research on race, ethnicity, and participation in outdoor recreation is also examined. Studies consistently show that racial and ethnic groups visit national parks and participate in recreation activities at differing rates. The style and pattern of park use also vary among racial and ethnic groups. Social science research on this topic can help park managers serve the …

Radar And Satellite Global Equatorial F-Region Vertical Drift Model, L. Scherliess, Bela G. Fejer

Bela G. Fejer

We present the first global empirical model for the quiet time F region equatorial vertical drifts based on combined incoherent scatter radar observations at Jicamarca and Ion Drift Meter observations on board the Atmospheric Explorer E satellite. This analytical model, based on products of cubic-B splines and with nearly conservative electric fields, describes the diurnal and seasonal variations of the equatorial vertical drifts for a continuous range of all longitudes and solar flux values. Our results indicate that during solar minimum, the evening prereversal velocity enhancement exhibits only small longitudinal variations during equinox with amplitudes of about 15–20 m/s, is …

Final Environmental Impact Statement Related To Reclamation Of The Uranium Mill Tailings At The Atlas Site, Moab, Utah, Division Of Waste Management, Office Of Nuclear Material Safety And Safeguards, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) has been prepared by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), Office of Nuclear Material Safety and Safeguards, to address potential environmental impacts associated with a request by Atlas Corporation to amend its existing NRC License no. SUA-917 to reclaim in place an existing uranium mill tailings pile near Moab, Utah. The proposed reclamation would allow Atlas to (1) reclaim the tailings pile for permanent disposal and long-term custodial care by a government agency in its current location on the Moab site, and (2) prepare the 162-ha (400-acre) Moab site for closure. the FEIS describes and …

Classification Of Great Basin Plant Communities Occurring On Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, Vel Emrick, Alison Hill

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

No abstract provided.

Classification Of Great Basin Plant Communities Occuring On Dugway Proving Ground, Utah, Verl Emrick, Alison Hill

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.

Ontogenetic Habitat Shifts Of Juvenile Bear Lake Sculpin, J. Ruzycki, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Bear lake sculpin Cottus extensus exhibit ontogenetic habitat shifts during their initial year of life. Distribution and habitat switching was measured with bimonthly bottom-trawl surveys repeated throughout the summer. Patterns of daily growth increments on otoliths were used to measure the history of habitat residence, individual size at the time of the habitat switch, and habitat-specific growth rates. Laboratory experiments and known-age fish confirmed daily increment formation of otoliths. After dispersing during an initial pelagic larval stage, postlarval juveniles settled in both the warm, food-rich littoral zone and the cold, unproductive profundal zone. During summer, initial profundal-zone inhabitants underwent a …

Under-Ice Diel Vertical Migrations Of Oncorhynchus Nerka And Their Zooplankton Prey, G. B. Steinhart, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

We used stationary hydroacoustics and measures of environmental conditions (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, light levels, and zooplankton) to determine what factors, foraging or predation risk, influenced diel vertical migrations of Oncorhynchus nerka during winter in three high-mountain lakes. The Sawtooth Valley lakes are deep, oligotrophic, glacial lakes located in central Idaho, U.S.A., and historically contained populations of anadromous O. nerka. In general, low light intensities limited foraging opportunities of O. nerka under ice, especially at night. In Stanley Lake, O. nerka underwent diel vertical migrations to exploit available light to feed. Oncorhynchus nerka occupied shallow water at night, where there …

Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction Of Layering Transitions Of Multilayer Nitrogen Physisorbed On Graphite, T. E. Burns, John R. Dennison, S. N. Ehrlich

All Physics Faculty Publications

We use synchrotron x-ray diffraction for structural analysis of the behavior of multilayer nitrogen films physisorbed on graphite foam. We provide structural information and concentrations of 2D and 3D solid phases at a coverage of Θ = 8 ML (Θ / 1 ML for a %3 x %3 structure) for temperatures from below the bulk α-ß transition temperature [T_α-ß = 34 " 0.5 K] to above the bulk triple point [T_tp = 63 K]. Our data indicate layering begins near T_α-ß, with subsequent layering occurring as the temperature is raised; all bulk nitrogen forms disordered film …

Null Geodesics In The Alcubierre Warp Drive Spacetime: The View From The Bridge, Chad Clark, William A. Hiscock, Shane L. Larson

All Physics Faculty Publications

The null geodesic equations in the Alcubierre warp-drive spacetime are numerically integrated to determine the angular deflection and redshift of photons which propagate through the distortion of the `warp-drive' bubble to reach an observer at the origin of the warp effect. We find that for a starship with an effective warp speed exceeding the speed of light, stars in the forward hemisphere will appear closer to the direction of motion than they would to an observer at rest. This aberration is qualitatively similar to that caused by special relativity. Behind the starship, a conical region forms from within which no …

Midisuperspace Models Of Canonical Quantum Gravity, Charles G. Torre

All Physics Faculty Publications

A midisuperspace model is a field theory obtained by symmetry reduction of a parent gravitational theory. Such models have proven useful for exploring the classical and quantum dynamics of the gravitational field. I present three recent classes of results pertinent to canonical quantization of vacuum general relativity in the context of midisuperspace models. (1) I give necessary and sufficient conditions such that a given symmetry reduction can be performed at the level of the Lagrangian or Hamiltonian.(2) I discuss the Hamiltonian formulation of models based upon cylindrical and toroidal symmetry. In particular, I explain how these models can be identified …