Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Nonadditive Effects In Hf And Hcl Trimers, G. Chalasinski, S. M. Cybulski, M. M. Szczesniak, Steve Scheiner

Steve Scheiner

Nonadditive effects are calculated for (HF)₃ and (HCl)₃ complexes and analyzed via the combination of perturbation theory of intermolecular forces with Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (MPPT). In both systems the nonadditivity is dominated by the self‐consistent field (SCF) deformation effect, i.e., mutual polarization of the monomer wavefunctions. Heitler–London exchange and correlation effects are of secondary importance. Three‐body terms exhibit much lesser basis set dependence than the two‐body effects and even quite moderate basis sets which are not accurate enough for treatment of two‐body forces can yield three‐body effects of quantitative quality. This is due in large measure to the …

Application Of The Batio3 Beam Fanning Limiter As An Adaptive Spatial Filter For Signal Enhancementin Pulsed Laser Excited Photothermal Spectroscopy, Stephen E. Bialkowski

Stephen E. Bialkowski

A method for obtaining a high-contrast visible-light signal from infrared absorption in low-absorbance samples is described. This method is based on a beam-fanning optical limiter in photorefractive BaTiO₃. The resulting signal is not linear but does exhibit an enhanced signal-to-background ratio that is 4 to 6 orders of magnitude better than that of conventional infrared absorption spectrophotometry in the shot-noise limit. A simple model for the beam-fanning, optical-limiter-based, pulsed-laser-excited photothermal spectroscopy detector is found to describe the experimental data adequately. This technique using photothermal spectroscopy detection may have advantages for rapid signal analysis and for two-dimensional visible imaging …

Flood Insurance Study, Weber County, Utah, Unincorporated Areas, Federal Emergency Management Agency

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Flood Insurance Study investigates the existence and severity of flood hazards in the unincorporated areas of Weber County, Utah, and aids in the administration of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 and the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973. This study will be used to convert Weber County to the regular program of flood insurance by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. Local and regional planners will use this study in their efforts to promote sound flood plain management.

Estimating Forage Values For Grazing National Forest Lands, United States Department Of Agriculture Economic Research Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Every 5 years, the Forest Service is required to update its estimates of the value of Forest Service grazing. This report provides estimates of the maximum ability of ranchers to pay for Forest Service grazing. Abilities to pay vary greatly depending on the region of the country and assumptions about costs. Based on current cash costs, the value of Forest Service grazing is greater than the grazing fee. Based on longrun economic costs, the value of grazing is less than the grazing fee. In some regions of the United States, the longrun value of grazing is zero. These low longrun …

Cultural Resource Inventory And Testing In The Salt Creek Pocket And Devils Lane Areas, Needles District, Canyonlands National Park, Utah, United States Department Of The Interior National Park Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This document is the final technical report on the first phase of a multiyear archeological program conducted in Canyonlands National Park. Some of the purposes of this project are to gather information for upgrading the park's interpretive program, increase the scientific understanding of Canyonlands' prehistory, and prepare a research design to guide future investigations. Archeological inventory of 4500 acres in the Needles District revealed a previously undocumented Archaic occupation and showed that Formative peoples using the area were primarily the Mesa Verde Anasazi, not the Fremont and Anasazi as previously thought. The data also indicate that prehistoric peoples used the …

Nonadditive Effects In Hf And Hcl Trimers, G. Chalasinski, S. M. Cybulski, M. M. Szczesniak, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Nonadditive effects are calculated for (HF)₃ and (HCl)₃ complexes and analyzed via the combination of perturbation theory of intermolecular forces with Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (MPPT). In both systems the nonadditivity is dominated by the self‐consistent field (SCF) deformation effect, i.e., mutual polarization of the monomer wavefunctions. Heitler–London exchange and correlation effects are of secondary importance. Three‐body terms exhibit much lesser basis set dependence than the two‐body effects and even quite moderate basis sets which are not accurate enough for treatment of two‐body forces can yield three‐body effects of quantitative quality. This is due in large measure to the …

Analysis Of The Potential Energy Surface Of Ar–Nh3, G. Chalasinski, S. M. Cybulski, M. M. Szczesniak, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The combination of supermolecular Møller–Plesset treatment with the perturbation theory of intermolecular forces is applied in the analysis of the potential energy surface of Ar–NH₃. Anisotropy of the self‐consistent field (SCF) potential is determined by the first‐order exchange repulsion. Second‐order dispersion energy, the dominating attractive contribution, is anisotropic in the reciprocal sense to the first‐order exchange, i.e., minima in one nearly coincide with maxima in the other. The estimated second‐order correlation correction to the exchange effect is nearly as large as a half ΔE^SCF in the minimum and has a ‘‘smoothing’’ effect on the anisotropy of …

Evaluation Of Algrow As A Binder In Hydromulch And Preliminary Determination Of The Influence Of Algrow On Germination And Seedling Growth, C. Earl Israelsen, Gilberto Urroz, Ronald V. Canfield

Reports

Introduction: The application of mulch during or immediately following seeding provides the minimum following advantages: energy dissipation of falling raindrops which decreases or eliminates erosion, prevention of surface-soil crusting, decreased water loss, and surface temperature modification. To better hold mulch in place, chemical binders are addd to it during munufacture or just before it is applied to the soil. Sometimes a binder is applied as an oversptray after the mulch is in place. (This overspray is generally referred to as a tackifier.) Algea Produkter A/S, Drammen, Norway, produces a product called ALGROW which may habe utility as a mulch binder …

Survival Of Trout Strains As Affected By Limnological Parameters, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Prior work at East Canyon Reservoir, Utah indicated that adult trout are important predators of stocked juvenile rainbow trout. Brown trout, in particular, were exclusively piscivorous when th~y exceeded 185 mm standard length. Fish became increasingly important in the diet of cutthroat trout greater than 330 mm. The purpose of this study was to further document the effect of adult trout on survival of juvenile rainbow trout in mid-elevation reservoirs. Causey Reservoir was chosen because it was thought to contain large brown and cutthroat trout and had not been intensively studied during the last eight years.

Thermodynamics Analysis Of Refrigeration, Joe Lam

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

In this term paper, I will look indepth at refrigeration. Refrigeration is a rather long and complex topic. Therefore, I will only discuss it as detail as conditions permit. As for the parts where minute details required, I will refer you to the selected references. In discussing refrigeration, I will first look at the Carnot cycle as a fundamental issue for refrigeration.

Quaternary Geology And Tectonic Geomorphology Of The Pocatello Valley Area, Idaho-Utah, John D. Garr

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Pocatello Valley in southeastern Idaho and northern Utah is a structural and topographic basin bounded on all sides by mountains composed of Paleozoic platform carbonates and elastics. In the late Pleistocene it contained pluvial Lake Utaho, which, prior to 1981, was considered to have been an arm of Lake Bonneville. This study corroborates the finding of Currey (1981) that the two lakes were separate.

The Quaternary deposits examined in this study are divided into two broad groups: those that were deposited prior to the last pluvial lake cycle, and those that were deposited during and after the pluvial lake maximum, …

Parameter Estimation For Generalized Pareto Distribution, Der-Chen Lin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The generalized Pareto distribution was introduced by Pickands (1975). Three methods of estimating the parameters of the generalized Pareto distribution were compared by Hosking and Wallis (1987). The methods are maximum likelihood, method of moments and probability-weighted moments.

An alternate method of estimation for the generalized Pareto distribution, based on least square regression of expected order statistics (REOS), is developed and evaluated in this thesis. A Monte Carlo comparison is made between this method and the estimating methods considered by Hosking and Wallis (1987). This method is shown to be generally superior to the maximum likelihood, method of moments and …

Interactions Of Vanadium Compounds With Reducing Equivalents: Evidence Of Free Radical Involvement And Possible Mechanisms Of Toxicity, Randal J. Keller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Vanadium compounds have been reported to cause numerous toxicological effects including NAD(P)H oxidation and lipid peroxidation. The purpose of this thesis is to determine the active form of vanadium in causing these effects, and to determine any possible free radical involvement in these processes. Vanadium-stimulated oxidation of NADH was studied spectrophotometrically and by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. In 25 mM sodium phosphate buffer at pH 7. 4, vanadyl, (V(IV)), is slightly more effective in stimulating NADH oxidation than was vanadate (V(V)). Addition of a superoxide generating system, xanthine/xanthine oxidase, results in a marked increase in NADH oxidation by vanadyl, and …

1-Acyldihydropyridones As Synthetic Intermediates, Michael Andrew Foley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The most efficient and stereoselective total synthesis of (+/-)- lausbine II to date has been achieved. The key steps in this are the copper-mediated conjugate addition reaction of the Grignard reagent of 1-bromo-4-chlorobutane to a dihydropyridone and a stereoselective reduction of a quinolizidinone.

Methodology has been developed for the convenient synthesis of 1-acyl-2-substituted-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridines. This was accomplished by adding novel alkylzinc iodides to the 1-acyliminium ion derived from N-phenoxycarbonyl-4-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine.

National List Of Plant Species That Occur In Wetlands: Intermountain (Region 8), Porter B. Reed, Jr., National Ecology Research Center

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands represents the combined efforts of many biologists over the last decade to define the wetland flora of the United States. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service initially developed the list in order to provide an appendix to the Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States (FWS/OBS 79/31) to assist in the field identification of wetlands. Plant species that occur in wetlands, as used in the National List are defined as species that have demonstrated an ability to achieve maturity and reproduce in an environment where all or …

Overall Life Satisfaction Of Ileostomates: Conventional Brooke Ileostomy Versus Modified Kock Pouch, Sandra Sisson Briscoe

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze various aspects of quality of life and to determine if there is a difference in quality of life offered by a conventional ileostomy versus a continent ileostomy.

An instrument was developed to measure several factors thought to influence quality of life as well as several structural/demographic variables. This instrument was designed for persons with a conventional ileostomy and was modified for persons who had undergone conversion surgery from conventional to continent ileostomy.

Analysis of variance was performed to determine differences in quality of life for persons with a conventional, conversion, or original …

Comparison Of Bootstrap With Other Tests For Several Distributions, Yu-Yu Wong

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper discusses results of a computer simulation to investigate several different tests when sampling several distributions. The hypothesis H₀: μ=0 was tested against H₀: μ≠0, using the usual t-test, trimmed t-test, the Jackkinfe, the Bootstrap and signed-rank test. The p-values and empirical power show that the Bootstrap is as good as the t-test. The Jackknife procedure is too liberal, always obtaining small p-values. The signed-rank is a fairly good test if the data follows the Cauchy Distribution.

Shadow Pattern Simulator, Roberto A. Brown

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper describes an interactive computer program that can be used as a design tool in assessing the shading effects of trees in relation to buildings. The program determines the area and position of the shadow cast by a tree or group of trees on a surface of a building which can have any orientation. The program outputs numerical and graphical hourly results at any time of the day, for any day of the year, at any location on the earth, for any relative positioning between the tree and building, and estimates percent irradiation reductions on building surfaces resulting from …

Structure-Activity Relationships Of Retinoids In Developmental Toxicology, W. Brian Howard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The teratogenic potency of retinoid analogs was determined in Syrian hamsters and compared to the teratogenic potency of all-trans-retinoic acid (all-trans-RA, ED₅₀ = 10.5 mg/kg). A total of 15 analogs having variations in the cyclohexene ring were evaluated following various amounts of single oral doses on day 8 of gestation. Retinoids containing a five- or six-membered ring were as teratogenic as all-trans-RA, provided they had sufficient lipophilic substituents on the ring. The same pattern emerged for retinoids that had six-membered aromatic ring substitution for the natural cyclohexene ring of vitamin A. Incorporation of a supplementary …

A Model Of Energy Expenditure In White-Tailed Jackrabbits (Lepus Townsendii) Based On Integrated Studies Of Energetics And Field Ecology, Gordon L. Rogowitz

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Field and laboratory studies were conducted to develop a model of energy expenditure in a population of white-tailed jackrabbits (Lepus townsendii). Field work in southwestern Wyoming during 1985-87 showed that the breeding season commenced at snowmelt and ceased during late- July drought. Adult females reproduced relatively synchronously and produced a mean of three litters annually. Greatest fetal production occurred in the second litter period. Collections indicated a 1:1 sex ratio, few jackrabbits >2 years-old, and a density of 7 animals / km² in the population. Postnatal growth was sigmoidal, culminating in heavier adult females than males. Using …

Petrology Of Passive Margin-Epeiric Sea Sediments: The Garden City Formation, North-Central Utah, Susan K. Morgan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Lower Ordovician Garden City Formation is part of the thick sequence of Lower Paleozoic limestones, dolostones, and minor siliciclastic sedimentary rocks of the western United States. The carbonate rocks were formed predominantly by shallow water deposition in tropical, passive-margin epeiric seas.

The Garden City Formation is composed of nine lithotypes which represent the various environments. The formation is a storm-influenced transgressive sequence which may be divided into innershelf shallow subtidal and outer-shelf deep subtidal environments separated by a skeletal accumulation. The skeletal accumulation, formed by storm initiation, was a submerged topographic high, below normal wave base. The inner shelf …

Maximal Rank-One Spaces Of Matrices Over Chain Semirings, Daniel Joseph Scully

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Vectors and matrices over the Boolean (0,1) semiring have been studied extensively along with their applications to graph theory. The Boolean (0,1) semiring has been generalized to a class of semirings called chain semirings. This class includes the fuzzy interval. Vectors and matrices over chain semirings are examined. Rank-1 sets of vectors are defined and characterized. These rank-1 sets of vectors are then used to construct spaces of matrices (rank-1 spaces) with the property that all nonzero matrices in the space have semiring rank equal to 1. Finally, three classes of maximal (relative to containment) rank-1 spaces are identified.

Synthetic Studies Toward Key Portions Of The Didemnins, Ok-Soon Kim

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three different synthetic approaches toward N-[(2SR, 4S) - 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3-oxohexanoyl]-Lleucine methyl esters were carried out by use of i) aldol condensation and amination ii) Claisen condensation and soft acid coupling reaction iii) methylation of Hia-Leu derivative in relatively high yields. (4S)-3-[(2SR, 4S)-2,5-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxo-4-(methoxyethoxy-methyloxy)hexyl]-4-(1-methyletheyl-2-oxazolidinone was prepared by the reaction of aldol condensation of lithium enolate of Evans' chiral auxilary in 80:20 diastereomeric ratio. A new method for the synthesis of (4S)-4-(t-butoxycarbonyl)amino-5-methyl-3-oxoheptanoic acid ethyl ester (Statone) was developed by the reaction of Boc-leucine with Meldrum's acid, followed by transesterification and decarboxylation in modest yield. Other a-amino acids also were applied to this methodology in …

Central Utah Regional Seismotectonic Study, U.S. Deparment Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation

Elusive Documents

This report presents the results of a Bureau of Reclamation seismotectonic

evaluation for dams in the Wasatch Mountains in north-central Utah. The

major objectives of this study were to identify potential earthquake sources

in the region and to estimate MCEs (maximum credible earthquakes) for these

sources. The conclusions presented in this report are based on geologic

mapping, trenching, study of aerial photography, mapping and correlation of

Quaternary deposits, soil profile descriptions and sampling, and analysis of

historic seismicity. The Regional Study area includes an area on the eastern

margin of the Basin and Range province that extends east from the …

Spectral Momentum Density From Graphite From Spectroscopy: Comparison With First Principles Calculations, Chao Gao, A. L. Ritter, John R. Dennison, N. A. Holzwarth

All Physics Faculty Publications

We have measured the spectral momentum density ρ(E,q) of graphite by (e,2e) spectroscopy for momentum parallel and perpendicular to the crystal c axis. In the independent-electron approximation, ρ(E,q)=Σ_G‖U_k(G)‖² δ(q-k-G)δ(E-E(k)) where the one-electron wave function is Ψ_k(r)=e^ik⋅rΣ_GU_k(G)e^iG⋅r) and G is a reciprocal-lattice vector. The measurements covered a range of momentum parallel to the c axis equal to 0≤‖q‖≤1.84 Å^-1 and a range of momentum perpendicular to the c axis equal to 0≤‖q‖≤2.35 Å^-1. The energy range spanned the valence band of graphite from …

Anomalous Layering Of Fe(C0) Adsorbed On Graphite, John R. Dennison, H. Taub, F. Y. Hansen, H. Shechter, R. Brener

All Physics Faculty Publications

Synchrotron x-ray diffraction experiments reveal the adsorption of iron pentacarbonyl [Fe(CO)₅] on graphite basal-plane surfaces to be an extreme example of incomplete wetting in which only one solid layer of film coexists with bulk particles. Upon heating through the monolayer melting point, the amount of coexisting bulk solid first increases and then decreases. This anomalous layering behavior has not been observed in other systems exhibiting incomplete wetting, and we suggest that it is related to the steric properties of the Fe(CO)₅ molecule.

Proposed Record Of Decision Fo Rteh Aptus Industrial And Hazardous Waste Treatment, Tooele County, Utah, Bureau Of Land Management; Salt Lake District Office; United States

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.

Historical Vegetation, Fuel Loads, And Integrated Resource Information System For Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah State University, Department Of Forest Resources And Ecology Center

Elusive Documents

This report describes a comprehensive approach to understanding the role and effects of fire in Bryce Canyon National Park. The study includes a reconstruction of the historic vegetation of Bryce Canyon National Park from historic photographs, inference from computer simulation models, and research in areas of similar vegetation. The successional pathways from the historic vegetation to the present are discussed and the landscape scale consequences of fire suppression and successional devolopment are addressed.

A Mass Mortality Of Fishes In Lake Titicaca (Peru-Bolivia) Associated With The Protozoan Parasite Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, R. Alfaro

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

In December 1981 , an epizootic of the protozoan parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis killed an estimated 18 million killifish Orestias spp. in Lake Titicaca, a high-altitude tropical system. Of the dead fish collected, 93% were adult O. agassii, a commercially important species that is abundant in the littoral zone. Juvenile Orestias spp., pelagic species, and some other littoral zone fis hes were slightly affected. lchthyophthirius multifiliis was probably introduced with exotic fishes brought to Lake Titicaca in the 1940s and 1950s.

A Model Study Of How Electric Field Structures Affect The Polar Cap F Region, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk

All Physics Faculty Publications

A three-dimensional time-dependent ionospheric model was used to study how electric field structures affect the polar F region. The electric field structures are represented by elongated Volland two-cell models whose dimensions range from tens to 1000 km. These model structures are intended to represent the polar cap electric field for IMF B_z northward conditions. A statistical method is used to generate a set of these structures. Their electric field strength and polarity are varied in order to study the F region’s dependence on this magnetospheric input. For electric field structures whose size and electric field strengths are consistent with …