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Articles 1291 - 1320 of 2456

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Interannual Variation Of The Toxic Raphidophyte Heterosigma Akashiwo In Departure Bay (Nanaimo): Data From The Harmful Algae Monitoring Program 2001-2017, Tamara Brown, Nicola Haigh, Devan Johnson Apr 2018

Interannual Variation Of The Toxic Raphidophyte Heterosigma Akashiwo In Departure Bay (Nanaimo): Data From The Harmful Algae Monitoring Program 2001-2017, Tamara Brown, Nicola Haigh, Devan Johnson

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Heterosigma akashiwo is the most significant fish-killing algae species in British Columbia, and the Salish Sea historically has the most intense and prolonged H. akashiwo blooms in BC. There is strong interannual variation of H. akashiwo blooms in the Salish Sea that has been linked to decreased salinity from the Fraser River plume. Here we present data from weekly phytoplankton and environmental monitoring at Departure Bay by the Harmful Algae Monitoring Program (HAMP) from 2001 to 2017. Concentrations of H. akashiwo in Departure Bay are compared with Fraser River discharge, salinity, and temperature. Densest H. akashiwo blooms typically appear in …

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Can Sport Scuba Divers Provide Reliable Data For Rockfish Conservation?, Stefania Gorgopa, John Volpe Apr 2018

Can Sport Scuba Divers Provide Reliable Data For Rockfish Conservation?, Stefania Gorgopa, John Volpe

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Rockfish are a long-lived group of fishes susceptible to overfishing. Rockfish conservation initiatives are currently hindered by a lack of fine scale population data. However, the abundance of recreational divers represents an untapped resource, ready to be deployed as citizen scientists in the Salish Sea. A potential issue is that the reliability of citizen scientist-generated SCUBA data is not known, particularly when those data are collected across gradients of diver competencies and diving conditions. To evaluate the reliability of citizen science data, pairs of divers of varying levels of experience identified and enumerated the number of individual finfish along predetermined …

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Using A Bioenergetic Model To Set Waterfowl Habitat Objectives For The Fraser River Delta, Bruce Harrison, Dan Buffett, Mark Petrie, Matthew Christensen Apr 2018

Using A Bioenergetic Model To Set Waterfowl Habitat Objectives For The Fraser River Delta, Bruce Harrison, Dan Buffett, Mark Petrie, Matthew Christensen

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Fraser River Estuary is a major link in a chain of Pacific coastal habitats that support migrating and wintering waterfowl, and many birds converge here during northward and southward travels. Between 800,000 and 2.3 million waterfowl use the estuary from September through April, including significant populations of American wigeon, mallard, northern pintail, surf scoter, snow goose and brant. Waterfowl mainly use agricultural lands, freshwater and brackish wetlands, and intertidal habitats such as eelgrass beds, all of which continue to be lost or degraded by population growth and urban sprawl. We used a bioenergetic model (TRUEMET) to explicitly link waterfowl …

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Integrated Watershed Planning For Freshwater Sustainability On Salt Spring Island, Bc, Canada, William Shulba, Justine C. Starke Apr 2018

Integrated Watershed Planning For Freshwater Sustainability On Salt Spring Island, Bc, Canada, William Shulba, Justine C. Starke

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Island freshwater ecosystems in the Salish Sea have unique challenges. Fractured bedrock aquifers, limited surface water resources, and saltwater intrusion into groundwater systems require best management practices for freshwater sustainability. Salt Spring Island is the largest Canadian Gulf Island in the Salish Sea. With a population of 10,000 residents that triples in the summer, Salt Spring Island’s water resources are under great stress. However, through the creation of the multi-lateral Salt Spring Island Watershed Protection Authority (SSIWPA), the island is now positioned to create one of the first Water Sustainability Plans in British Columbia under the new Water Sustainability Act …

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Performance Of Porous Asphalt Pavements: Stormwater Quantity And Quality Mitigation, Anand Jayakaran, Thorsten Knappenberger, John D. Stark, Curtis Hinman Apr 2018

Performance Of Porous Asphalt Pavements: Stormwater Quantity And Quality Mitigation, Anand Jayakaran, Thorsten Knappenberger, John D. Stark, Curtis Hinman

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Recent advances in several broadly allied scientific disciplines have shown that green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) can to some extent restore the natural pathways that stormwater takes from landscape to stream. Permeable pavements are one of several GSI techniques that are commonly used across the country to mitigate the effects of stormwater on downstream receiving waters. In the State of Washington, the use of GSI is mandated for any new or retrofit construction project that meets certain criteria. The talk will focus on performance studies of a 9-cell replicated asphalt pavement test facility that is installed at the Washington State University …

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Protection And Restoration Of Skokomish River Valley Riparian Areas, Mitch Redfern Apr 2018

Protection And Restoration Of Skokomish River Valley Riparian Areas, Mitch Redfern

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Skokomish River ecosystem, including critical salmon habitat, in the Skokomish Valley has been degrading for many years. For this reason, Mason County and the Skokomish Tribe requested the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) carry out a General Investigation of the Skokomish ecosystem. This investigation, completed in April 2015, determined the Skokomish ecosystem will continue to degrade unless restoration actions are taken, and that it is in the national interest for the USACE to develop and implement five ecosystem restoration projects. It is the responsibility of local partners to secure all real estate necessary for the implementation of …

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Foraging Opportunity: A Method Of Monitoring Shorebird Migration And Overwintering Sites In A Changing Environment, James Rourke, Wendell Challenger, Ron Ydenberg Apr 2018

Foraging Opportunity: A Method Of Monitoring Shorebird Migration And Overwintering Sites In A Changing Environment, James Rourke, Wendell Challenger, Ron Ydenberg

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Roberts Bank within the Fraser River estuary, BC contains important migratory stopover and overwintering habitat for shorebirds such as the western sandpiper (Calidris mauri) and the Pacific dunlin (Calidris alpina pacifica). Shorebirds are especially abundant during northward migration, with single-day counts numbering into the hundreds of thousands of birds. Previous research and ecological theory have demonstrated that site usage by shorebirds is influenced by numerous factors, including prey availability and predation risk. We developed a concept termed “foraging opportunity” that quantifies shorebird food availability (biofilm, meiofauna, and macrofauna) in relation to predation danger from hunting falcons. Foraging opportunity was determined …

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Persistent Bioaccumulatives In Freshwater Fish Of The Lake Washington Watershed, Jenee Colton, Rory O'Rourke, Richard Jack Apr 2018

Persistent Bioaccumulatives In Freshwater Fish Of The Lake Washington Watershed, Jenee Colton, Rory O'Rourke, Richard Jack

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

In 2013, King County initiated a long-term monitoring program of freshwater tissue contaminants in three major lakes (Lakes Sammamish, Washington, and Union) and two major rivers (Green and Cedar rivers). Tissue samples are collected from each waterbody every 5 years. Fillet and whole-body fish and invertebrate tissue chemistry data from this program are used to track changes over time associated with management actions, evaluate the risk of adverse effects to aquatic life, and inform human health risk evaluations of fish consumption. The first round of tissue monitoring from all three major lakes was completed in 2017. Species collected spanned a …

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Structure From Motion On Salish Shores: Remote Mapping For Restoration, Branden Rishel Apr 2018

Structure From Motion On Salish Shores: Remote Mapping For Restoration, Branden Rishel

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

This talk will showcase several projects by Coastal Geologic Services (CGS) in which structure from motion (SfM) modeling played a critical role, while also briefly discussing the advantages and possible applications of this relatively new technology. Over the last few years, SfM has transformed from an emerging technology to a reliable, efficient, and cost-effective method for constructing aerial orthophoto mosaics and 3D models of coastal landscapes. Low-altitude aerial imagery, such as from inexpensive drones (UAS or UAV), can be used to create point clouds that exceed LiDAR resolution and accuracy, at a much lower cost. This enables 3D scanning of …

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Southern Resident Killer Whale Srkw Females And The Tragedy Of The Commons, Kenneth C. Balcomb Apr 2018

Southern Resident Killer Whale Srkw Females And The Tragedy Of The Commons, Kenneth C. Balcomb

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Endangered population of Southern Resident Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) in the Pacific Northwest is an obligate predator upon fish, with an apparent dependence upon mature Chinook salmon (Onchorhynchus tsawytscha) populations that are also Endangered throughout most of the foraging range of these whales. The whales coevolved with the salmon in a classic predator-prey scenario in which both flourished for the past 15,000 years since the submergence of Beringia allowed the whales to colonize the eastern North Pacific from North Atlantic ancestral populations. The salmon were already in the North Pacific for at least 500,000 years prior, and Chinook salmon …

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Protection And Restoration Of Salmon Bearing Streams In Agricultural Landscapes Of The Puget Sound Basin: A Synthesis Of Approaches To Reach-Scale Planning For Eight Focus Areas, Colin Hume Apr 2018

Protection And Restoration Of Salmon Bearing Streams In Agricultural Landscapes Of The Puget Sound Basin: A Synthesis Of Approaches To Reach-Scale Planning For Eight Focus Areas, Colin Hume

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

In 2015 the Department of Ecology led development of a new initiative to protect and restore riparian areas on salmon bearing streams across agricultural landscapes of the Puget Sound Basin. Using Environmental Protection Agency National Estuary Program funding through the Watershed Lead Organization, the initiative solicited grant proposals from local organizations to develop reach-scale plans for river reaches that provide the strategic basis for a subsequent phase of implementation funding to acquire riparian zones from willing landowners either through conservation easement or fee-simple purchase. Grants were awarded to an array of partnerships between land trusts, Native American tribes, local governments, …

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First Records Of The Genus Azadinium (Dinophyceae) From Puget Sound, Washington State, Vera Trainer, Joo-Hwan Kim, Brian Bill, Nicolaus Adams, Urban Tillmann, Bernd Krock, Neil Harrington Apr 2018

First Records Of The Genus Azadinium (Dinophyceae) From Puget Sound, Washington State, Vera Trainer, Joo-Hwan Kim, Brian Bill, Nicolaus Adams, Urban Tillmann, Bernd Krock, Neil Harrington

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Lipophilic toxins, in particular those associated with diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP), are an emerging threat to shellfish harvesting in Washington State. While Washington was the first state to implement the routine testing of shellfish for DSP toxins in 2012 after the occurrence DSP in Sequim Bay, WA in 2011, there continue to be occasional reports of DSP-like illnesses likely tied to the consumption of shellfish from Puget Sound. To address these illness of unknown etiology, we began a Monitoring and Event Response to Harmful Algal Blooms project in 2015 to identify whether species of the genus Azadinium were present in …

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Regional Approaches Using Green Stormwater Solutions: Multi-Benefit/Functional Stormwater Parks In Kitsap County, Christopher May Apr 2018

Regional Approaches Using Green Stormwater Solutions: Multi-Benefit/Functional Stormwater Parks In Kitsap County, Christopher May

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Stormwater management has evolved from simple flood reduction to conventional water quality treatment to flow-control AND water-quality to the current low impact development (LID) or Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI) approach. Along the way, we have utilized stormwater best management practices (BMP's) at various scales, from neighborhood ponds to large regional facilities, to the small distributed BMP's that characterize the LID/GSI approach. Based on our experience in Kitsap County, we believe that a blending of approaches, both conventional and green, as well as working at multiple scales is necessary to effectively manage the impacts of our urbanizing landscape. Our stormwater retrofit …

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Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge To Protect Wetlands: The Swinomish Tribe's Wetlands Cultural Assessment Project, Todd Mitchell, Nicole J. Casper Apr 2018

Using Traditional Ecological Knowledge To Protect Wetlands: The Swinomish Tribe's Wetlands Cultural Assessment Project, Todd Mitchell, Nicole J. Casper

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

“Traditional” wetland physical assessment modules do not adequately identify Tribal cultural values of wetlands and thus wetlands may not be adequately protected for cultural uses. This Swinomish Wetlands Cultural Assessment Project has developed a cultural resource scoring module that can be incorporated into wetland assessments to better inform wetland protections. Local native knowledge was gathered about the traditional uses of 99 native wetland plant species. A cultural scoring matrix was developed based on the presence of traditionally used plants in several use categories including: construction, ceremonial, subsistence, medicinal, common use, plant rarity, and place of value for each wetland. The …

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Shorebird Monitoring In The Salish Sea, Todd Hass, Trina Bayard, David Hope Apr 2018

Shorebird Monitoring In The Salish Sea, Todd Hass, Trina Bayard, David Hope

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

No abstract provided.

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Soft Shore Protection: Lessons Learned From 20 Years Of Project Design And Implementation, Jim Johannessen, Alexis Blue, Andrea Maclennan Apr 2018

Soft Shore Protection: Lessons Learned From 20 Years Of Project Design And Implementation, Jim Johannessen, Alexis Blue, Andrea Maclennan

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Hard armor structures, including bulkheads, seawalls, soldier piles, and other structures are present at 29% of Washington shores of the Salish Sea, as documented in mapping conducted by CGS for the ESRP Beach Strategies project . Hard armor adversely affects nearshore ecosystems by disrupting natural processes of sediment input and transport, reducing resiliency of down-drift coastal areas to impacts of sea level rise, and impairing essential forage fish spawning and other habitats. Soft shore protection, also referred to as sustainable shorelines or nature based solutions, allows for slowing erosion while maintaining natural processes. Soft sure protection design and implementation have …

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Harmful Phytoplankton In The Salish Sea: Part Ii, Cheryl Greengrove Apr 2018

Harmful Phytoplankton In The Salish Sea: Part Ii, Cheryl Greengrove

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

No abstract provided.

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Taking Stock Of Avian Responses To Puget Sound Estuary Restoration: Inventory And Assessment, Trina Bayard, Marla Koberstein, Gary Slater, Todd Hass Apr 2018

Taking Stock Of Avian Responses To Puget Sound Estuary Restoration: Inventory And Assessment, Trina Bayard, Marla Koberstein, Gary Slater, Todd Hass

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Tidally-influenced estuarine habitats in the Pacific Northwest are ecologically important wintering and migratory stopover habitat for shorebirds, waterfowl and other marine birds, yet there is limited understanding of how estuarine restoration activities affect avian populations in our region. This is problematic - habitat restoration is considered an important conservation strategy in national and regional waterfowl and shorebird management plans. The Puget Sound Ecosystem Monitoring Program Marine Birds Work Group is working to address this information gap through a multi-phase inventory, assessment, and regional implementation project. Our inventory of large-scale estuary restoration projects in Puget Sound reveals that the majority of …

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Transboundary Actions To Address Threats To Southern Resident Killer Whales (Srkw), Cecilia Wong, Penny A. Becker, Lisa Ann Jones Apr 2018

Transboundary Actions To Address Threats To Southern Resident Killer Whales (Srkw), Cecilia Wong, Penny A. Becker, Lisa Ann Jones

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

No abstract provided.

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Esa-Listed Puget Sound Rockfish: How Did We Get Here And How Do We Assess Progress Towards Recovery Planning Goals?, Kelly Andrews, Krista M. Nichols, Jason Cope, Nick Tolimieri, Dan Tonnes, Dayv Lowry, Robert Pacunski Apr 2018

Esa-Listed Puget Sound Rockfish: How Did We Get Here And How Do We Assess Progress Towards Recovery Planning Goals?, Kelly Andrews, Krista M. Nichols, Jason Cope, Nick Tolimieri, Dan Tonnes, Dayv Lowry, Robert Pacunski

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

In Puget Sound, WA, rockfish abundance declined significantly over the last 50+ years as a result of fishing pressure, life-history characteristics and the isolated geography of Puget Sound. In 2010, three species of rockfish were listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA): yelloweye rockfish, canary rockfish and bocaccio. Due to a general lack of data specific to these three species, data from other rockfish species were used to support the listings. Since the listings, targeted research and recovery planning has begun to address major data gaps for these three species. First, cooperative research with the recreational fishing community has revealed …

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Survey Of Per- And Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances (Pfass) In Washington State Rivers And Lakes, Callie Mathieu, Melissa Mccall Apr 2018

Survey Of Per- And Poly-Fluoroalkyl Substances (Pfass) In Washington State Rivers And Lakes, Callie Mathieu, Melissa Mccall

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a group of man-made chemicals used in many industrial and consumer products, such as water-, stain-, and oil-repelling coatings, and fire-fighting foams. In 2008, the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) found low levels, but widespread occurrence, of PFASs in Washington State freshwater systems. To determine whether the concentrations and/or compound make up has changed following shifts in manufacturing, Ecology conducted a follow-up study in 2016 to characterize current environmental levels of PFAS contaminants. Across the state, Ecology collected surface water from 15 waterbodies, effluent from 5 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), freshwater fish from …

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Using Climate Modeling And Collaborative Planning To Develop Adaptation Actions Across Salish Sea Watersheds, Michael Burnham Apr 2018

Using Climate Modeling And Collaborative Planning To Develop Adaptation Actions Across Salish Sea Watersheds, Michael Burnham

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Thurston Regional Planning Council’s (TRPC) Thurston Climate Adaptation Plan is an example of an integrative approach that translates science to policy, as well as incorporates accessible decision-support tools and diverse stakeholder input, to develop strategies (actions) that can be applied across Salish Sea watersheds. TRPC used a National Estuary Program grant during 2016 and 2017 to develop the plan, which recommends adaptation actions to help tribes, municipalities, businesses, nonprofits, and other stakeholders prepare for and adjust to climate change impacts. The project area includes the Puget Sound-draining Nisqually, Deschutes, and Kennedy-Goldsborough watersheds. However, the plan's science-informed actions may be …

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Kukutali Preserve: Co-Managing The First Tribal-State Park In Washington, Karen Mitchell, Todd A. Mitchell Apr 2018

Kukutali Preserve: Co-Managing The First Tribal-State Park In Washington, Karen Mitchell, Todd A. Mitchell

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Kukutali Preserve (Kukutali) is a unit of Deception Pass State Park and located within the Swinomish Indian Reservation near LaConner, Washington, as established by treaty in 1855. The upland area included in Kukutali was sold out of tribal ownership in 1928 and spent most of the next 82 years in private title with minimal development; as a result, Kukutali contains examples of rare, pristine habitat. Parks had long been interested in acquiring the property to preserve, and provide public recreational access to, its diverse ecosystems. SITC also had a long-standing wish to reacquire the property and restore access to its …

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Urban-Industrial Shoreline Restoration Techniques: Duwamish Waterway And Elliott Bay, George Blomberg Apr 2018

Urban-Industrial Shoreline Restoration Techniques: Duwamish Waterway And Elliott Bay, George Blomberg

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Title: Urban-industrial shoreline restoration techniques: Duwamish Waterway and Elliott Bay Seattle’s present-day Elliott Bay and south-harbor industrial area comprises approximately 5,300 acres, 80 percent of Seattle’s industrial area. This man-made landscape is enormously productive, providing approximately 225,000 regional jobs, totaling $7-9 billion in annual payroll. Seattle’s industrial environment displaced another highly productive landscape, eliminating 98 percent of native intertidal, shallow sub-tidal, and riparian fish and wildlife habitat in the former Green-Duwamish estuarine wetland and nearshore system. Working in this complex environment, the Port has restored, created or enhanced 31 acres of habitat at 16 sites during the past 25 years. …

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Ocean Acidification Driven Changes In Ph Exposure Of Zooplankton: Projections From The Salish Sea Model, Paul Mcelhany, Vathsala Desilva, Tarang Khangaonkar Apr 2018

Ocean Acidification Driven Changes In Ph Exposure Of Zooplankton: Projections From The Salish Sea Model, Paul Mcelhany, Vathsala Desilva, Tarang Khangaonkar

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Salish Sea Model explicitly evaluates the dynamics of carbonate chemistry parameters (pH, DIC, Alkalinity) at relatively small spatial and temporal scales. These model components served as a basis for estimating the pH exposure dynamics of simulated zooplankton. Zooplankton were modeled assuming a variety of movement behaviors including passive drift with the currents, daily vertical migrations and directed movement toward food or way from unfavorable conditions. These movement behaviors capture the range of possibilities for many of the species in Salish Sea. The pH conditions from the Salish Sea Model included simulations from multiple seasons in recent years and projections …

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Light Availability Controls In The Benthic Nearshore Ecosystem Of The Elwha River, Hannah Glover, Andrea S. Ogston, Emily F. Eidam, Ian M. Miller, Stephen P. Rubin, Helen Berry Apr 2018

Light Availability Controls In The Benthic Nearshore Ecosystem Of The Elwha River, Hannah Glover, Andrea S. Ogston, Emily F. Eidam, Ian M. Miller, Stephen P. Rubin, Helen Berry

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Elwha River Restoration Project was the largest US dam removal project to date, both in dam height and sediment released. During dam removal in 2011–2014, ~18 Mt of sediment washed downriver, and macroalgae virtually disappeared from the adjacent nearshore ecosystem. The link between current benthic light availability and sediment delivery and transport has been investigated in order to understand conditions during dam removal. Seven instrument platforms were deployed on the 10-m isobath along a 16 km transect centered on the river mouth for seven fortnightly periods in 2016 and 2017 to monitor near-bed photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), suspended sediment, …

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The Ecosystem Approach: Recovering Rivers To Help Save The Southern Resident Killer Whales, Colleen Weiler, Deborah Giles, Regina Asmutis-Silvia Apr 2018

The Ecosystem Approach: Recovering Rivers To Help Save The Southern Resident Killer Whales, Colleen Weiler, Deborah Giles, Regina Asmutis-Silvia

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The “ecosystem approach” to managing habitats is of growing interest in the world of conservation biology, with the realization that recovery of protected species ultimately relies on the health of their environment. In the case of the critically endangered Southern Resident Killer Whale (SRKW) population, prey depletion is a major threat to their survival. Research has shown that the SRKWs are highly dependent on Chinook salmon; thus the restoration of Chinook throughout the U.S. and Canada Pacific region is crucial for SRKW recovery. The significant decline of salmon abundance can be attributed to habitat loss and degradation throughout their range. …

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Forage Fish In The Southern Salish Sea: Results Of The Midwater Acoustic Trawl Survey, Todd Sandell, Michael Burger, Adam Lindquist, Patrick Biondo, Dayv Lowry Apr 2018

Forage Fish In The Southern Salish Sea: Results Of The Midwater Acoustic Trawl Survey, Todd Sandell, Michael Burger, Adam Lindquist, Patrick Biondo, Dayv Lowry

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The WDFW conducted a mid-water trawl/hydroacoustic survey at 18 index reaches across the southern Salish Sea (SSS) from Olympia to the Canadian Border, and into the eastern Strait of Juan de Fuca. Sampling occurred every other month from February 2016 to February 2017 to gather hydroacoustic data paired with pelagic trawls, vertical plankton tows, and CTD casts. Although 96 different species of fish and invertebrates were captured in the trawls, nine species made up 96% of the overall catch. Catch data demonstrated that Pacific Herring, a common prey of salmon, groundfish, seabirds, and marine mammals, were the most abundant forage …

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Skagit Delta Alternatives Analysis: Using Output From The Salish Sea Hydrodynamic Model To Quantify Benefits And Impacts Of Restoration Project Concepts, Jenna Friebel, Jenny Lynn Baker, Polly Hicks Apr 2018

Skagit Delta Alternatives Analysis: Using Output From The Salish Sea Hydrodynamic Model To Quantify Benefits And Impacts Of Restoration Project Concepts, Jenna Friebel, Jenny Lynn Baker, Polly Hicks

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

The Skagit Hydrodynamic Model Project was initiated by the Farms, Fish, and Flood Initiative (3FI) to conduct a landscape-scale alternative analysis in the Skagit River delta region. Twenty-three proposed restoration projects were assessed based on a number of quantitative indicators identified by representatives from each interest (Farm, Fish, and Flood). The study area focused on the Skagit River delta downstream of Mount Vernon, Washington. This reach of the Skagit River is tidally influenced and includes both the North Fork and South Fork distributaries, Skagit Bay, Padilla Bay, and the Swinomish Channel. The study area indirectly included approximately 55,000 acres of …

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Recognizing And Integrating Wildlife As Elwha Restoration Agents, John F. Mclaughlin, Kim Sager-Fradkin, Kurt Jenkins, Rebecca Mccaffery, Patti Happe Apr 2018

Recognizing And Integrating Wildlife As Elwha Restoration Agents, John F. Mclaughlin, Kim Sager-Fradkin, Kurt Jenkins, Rebecca Mccaffery, Patti Happe

Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference

Ecosystem restoration involving large dam removal spans large spatial extents, long time scales, and diverse societal constituencies. Restoration success requires collaboration among partner organizations. Success also can be facilitated by integrating components and processes of the ecosystem itself in restoration planning and practice. We review early and future roles of wildlife in restoration of valleys flooded by Elwha dams, with implications for dam removals on other rivers. Detecting early wildlife responses depended on baseline inventories prior to dam removal, followed by monitoring during and after dam removal. Pre-removal studies revealed patterns of small and mid-sized mammal occupancy, bear movement, amphibian …

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