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Articles 1801 - 1830 of 4602
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Measurement Of Single And Double Spin Asymmetries In P(E, E' Pi(+/-,0))X Semi-Inclusive Deep-Inelastic Scattering, Sucheta Shrikant Jawalkar
Measurement Of Single And Double Spin Asymmetries In P(E, E' Pi(+/-,0))X Semi-Inclusive Deep-Inelastic Scattering, Sucheta Shrikant Jawalkar
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Measurements in the late 1980s at CERN revealed that quark spins account for a small fraction of the proton's spin. This so-called spin crisis spurred a number of new experiments to identify the proton's silent spin contributors, namely, the spin of the gluons, which hold the quarks together, and the orbital angular momentum of both quarks and gluons. One such experiment was eg1-dvcs at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in Newport News, Va., which ran in 2009 and collected approximately 19 billion electron triggers for hydrogen. I will present new measurements of the single and double-spin asymmetries ALU, AUL …
The First Direct Measurement Of The Weak Charge Of The Proton, John Poague Leckey Iv
The First Direct Measurement Of The Weak Charge Of The Proton, John Poague Leckey Iv
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Qweak is an experiment currently running at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility that uses parity-violating elastic electron-proton scattering to measure the weak charge of the proton QPweak . Longitudinally polarized electrons are scattered off a liquid hydrogen target and pass through a toroidal-field magnetic spectrometer. This experiment is a sensitive test for physics beyond the Standard Model, as QPweak is well predicted in the Standard Model. This dissertation describes the first direct measurement of QPweak . The precision that will be generated by the final 4% measurement will allow the probing of certain classes of new physics up to …
Thermochemistry Of Amino Acids And Constrained Diamines, Erica Jane Tullo
Thermochemistry Of Amino Acids And Constrained Diamines, Erica Jane Tullo
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The gas-phase proton affinities of several highly basic amino acids and diamines were determined using the extended kinetic method in an ESI-quadrupole ion trap instrument. The non-protein amino acid L-canavanine is structurally related to L-arginine with an oxygen substituted for the terminal methylene group of L-arginine and is highly toxic to humans. The proton affinity of L-arginine, a protein amino acid, was determined to be 1036 kJ mol -1, whereas the proton affinity of L-canavanine was determined to be 1005 kJ mol-1. Thus, substitution of an oxyguanidino group for the guanidine group in L-arginine results in a large decrease in …
Dark Matter In The Heavens And At Colliders: Models And Constraints, Reinard Primulando
Dark Matter In The Heavens And At Colliders: Models And Constraints, Reinard Primulando
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
In this dissertation, we investigate various aspects of dark matter detection and model building. Motivated by the cosmic ray positron excess observed by PAMELA, we construct models of decaying dark matter to explain the excess. Specifically we present an explicit, TeV-scale model of decaying dark matter in which the approximate stability of the dark matter candidate is a consequence of a global symmetry that is broken only by instanton-induced operators generated by a non-Abelian dark gauge group. Alternatively, the decaying operator can arise as a Planck suppressed correction in a model with an Abelian discrete symmetry and vector-like states at …
Understanding And Leveraging Virtualization Technology In Commodity Computing Systems, Duy Le
Understanding And Leveraging Virtualization Technology In Commodity Computing Systems, Duy Le
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Commodity computing platforms are imperfect, requiring various enhancements for performance and security purposes. In the past decade, virtualization technology has emerged as a promising trend for commodity computing platforms, ushering many opportunities to optimize the allocation of hardware resources. However, many abstractions offered by virtualization not only make enhancements more challenging, but also complicate the proper understanding of virtualized systems. The current understanding and analysis of these abstractions are far from being satisfactory. This dissertation aims to tackle this problem from a holistic view, by systematically studying the system behaviors. The focus of our work lies in performance implication and …
Surface Impedance Of Superconducting Radio Frequency (Srf) Materials, Binping Xiao
Surface Impedance Of Superconducting Radio Frequency (Srf) Materials, Binping Xiao
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Superconducting radio frequency (SRF) technology is widely adopted in particle accelerators. There remain many open questions, however, in developing a systematic understanding of the fundamental behavior of SRF materials, including niobium treated in different ways and various other bulk/thin film materials that are fabricated with different methods under assorted conditions. A facility that can measure the SRF properties of small samples in a range of 2∼40 K temperature is needed in order to fully answer these questions. The Jefferson Lab surface impedance characterization (SIC) system has been designed to attempt to meet this requirement. It consists of a sapphire-loaded cylindrical …
Towards Confident Body Sensor Networking, Zhen Ren
Towards Confident Body Sensor Networking, Zhen Ren
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
With the recent technology advances of wireless communication and lightweight low-power sensors, Body Sensor Network (BSN) is made possible. More and more researchers are interested in developing numerous novel BSN applications, such as remote health/fitness monitoring, military and sport training, interactive gaming, personal information sharing, and secure authentication. Despite the unstable wireless communication, various confidence requirements are placed on the BSN networking service. This thesis aims to provide Quality of Service (QoS) solutions for BSN communication, in order to achieve the required confidence goals.;We develop communication quality solutions to satisfy confidence requirements from both the communication and application levels, in …
Supersymmetric Leptophilic Models Of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Gardner Rush Marshall
Supersymmetric Leptophilic Models Of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Gardner Rush Marshall
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Over the years, the Standard Model has proved itself to be an extremely durable theory. In spite of its success, very few empirical clues have emerged about the nature of the electroweak symmetry breaking that lies at its heart. With results from the LHC around the corner, this will hopefully change soon. In this dissertation we examine several possibilities for electroweak symmetry breaking and discuss various extensions to the Standard Model to resolve known problems. We begin by providing a brief overview of electroweak symmetry breaking, two Higgs doublet models, and supersymmetry. We then present a supersymmetric model that allows …
Studies Of Polarized And Unpolarized Helium -3 In The Presence Of Alkali Vapor, Kelly Anita Kluttz
Studies Of Polarized And Unpolarized Helium -3 In The Presence Of Alkali Vapor, Kelly Anita Kluttz
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
At the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, glass target cells containing a high density of highly polarized 3He nuclei are used in electron scattering experiments studying the substructure of the neutron. In addition to 3He, these cells contain a small amount of rubidium (Rb), potassium (K), and nitrogen (N2), which facilitate the polarization process. The work presented here represents studies of the interactions between the alkali vapor and 3He nuclei when both are polarized and unpolarized.;Our investigations into the mechanisms responsible for the relaxation of the 3He polarization have measured unusually large polarization losses. In addition, most cells studied exhibited …
Automated Reductions Of Markov Chain Models Of Calcium Release Site Models, Yan Hao
Automated Reductions Of Markov Chain Models Of Calcium Release Site Models, Yan Hao
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Markov chain models have played an important role in understanding the relationship between single channel gating of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) channels, specifically 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) and ryanodine receptors (RyRs), and the stochastic dynamics of Ca2+ release events, known as Ca2+ puffs and sparks. Mechanistic Ca2+ release site models are defined by the composition of single channel models whose transition probabilities depend on the local calcium concentration and thus the state of the other channels. Unfortunately, the large state space of such compositional models impedes simulation and computational analysis of the whole cell Ca2+ signaling in which the stochastic dynamics of …
Discovering New Vulnerabilities In Computer Systems, Zhenyu Wu
Discovering New Vulnerabilities In Computer Systems, Zhenyu Wu
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Vulnerability research plays a key role in preventing and defending against malicious computer system exploitations. Driven by a multi-billion dollar underground economy, cyber criminals today tirelessly launch malicious exploitations, threatening every aspect of daily computing. to effectively protect computer systems from devastation, it is imperative to discover and mitigate vulnerabilities before they fall into the offensive parties' hands. This dissertation is dedicated to the research and discovery of new design and deployment vulnerabilities in three very different types of computer systems.;The first vulnerability is found in the automatic malicious binary (malware) detection system. Binary analysis, a central piece of technology …
Luminescent Nitrogen And Sulfure Adducts Of Cui Disubstituted Piperazine Complexes, Jason P. Safko
Luminescent Nitrogen And Sulfure Adducts Of Cui Disubstituted Piperazine Complexes, Jason P. Safko
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Parity-Violating Asymmetry In The Nucleon To Delta Transition: A Study Of Inelastic Electron Scattering In The G0 Experiment, Carissa Lee Capuano
Parity-Violating Asymmetry In The Nucleon To Delta Transition: A Study Of Inelastic Electron Scattering In The G0 Experiment, Carissa Lee Capuano
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The parity-violating asymmetry arising from inelastic electron scattering at backward angle (∼ 95??) near the Delta resonance has been measured for both hydrogen and deuterium targets as part of the G 0 experiment. For Q2 = 0.34 (GeV/c) 2 and W = 1.18 GeV, the asymmetries were found to be AHinel=-33.4+/-5 .3stat+/-5 .1sysppm, ADinel=-43.6+/-1 4.6stat+/- 6.2sysppm. .;From the hydrogen asymmetry, the axial transition form factor, GAND , can be extracted. GAND is related to probability of the quark spin-flip that occurs as the proton transitions to the Delta. From the measured asymmetry, the form factor is found to be GAND=-0.046+/- …
An Input Centric Paradigm For Program Dynamic Optimizations And Lifetime Evolvement, Kai Tian
An Input Centric Paradigm For Program Dynamic Optimizations And Lifetime Evolvement, Kai Tian
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Accurately predicting program behaviors (e.g., memory locality, method calling frequency) is fundamental for program optimizations and runtime adaptations. Despite decades of remarkable progress, prior studies have not systematically exploited the use of program inputs, a deciding factor of program behaviors, to help in program dynamic optimizations. Triggered by the strong and predictive correlations between program inputs and program behaviors that recent studies have uncovered, the dissertation work aims to bring program inputs into the focus of program behavior analysis and program dynamic optimization, cultivating a new paradigm named input-centric program behavior analysis and dynamic optimization.;The new optimization paradigm consists of …
Searching, Selecting, And Synthesizing Source Code Components, Collin Mcmillan
Searching, Selecting, And Synthesizing Source Code Components, Collin Mcmillan
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
As programmers develop software, they instinctively sense that source code exists that could be reused if found --- many programming tasks are common to many software projects across different domains. oftentimes, a programmer will attempt to create new software from this existing source code, such as third-party libraries or code from online repositories. Unfortunately, several major challenges make it difficult to locate the relevant source code and to reuse it. First, there is a fundamental mismatch between the high-level intent reflected in the descriptions of source code, and the low-level implementation details. This mismatch is known as the concept assignment …
Rogue Fishermen: Codfish, Atlantic Items, And The Isles Of Shoals, Megan Victor
Rogue Fishermen: Codfish, Atlantic Items, And The Isles Of Shoals, Megan Victor
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
No abstract provided.
Gis Data: Prince William County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon A. Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky
Gis Data: Prince William County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon A. Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky
Data
The 2012 Tidal Marsh Inventory update for Prince William County, Virginia was generated using on-screen digitizing techniques in the most recent version of ArcGIS® - ArcMap while viewing conditions observed in the most recent imagery from the Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP). Dominant plant community types were primarily determined during field surveys from shallow-draft boats moving along the shoreline. Land-based surveys were performed in some locations. One shapefile is developed that portrays tidal marsh areas represented as polygons. A metadata file accompanies the shapefile to define attribute accuracy, data development, and any use restrictions that pertain to the data.
Gis Data: Mathews County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss
Gis Data: Mathews County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss
Data
The 2012 Tidal Marsh Inventory update for Mathews County, Virginia was generated using on-screen digitizing techniques in the most recent version of ArcGIS® - ArcMap while viewing conditions observed in the most recent imagery from the Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP). Dominant plant community types were primarily determined during field surveys from shallow-draft boats moving along the shoreline. Land-based surveys were performed in some locations. One shapefile is developed that portrays tidal marsh areas represented as polygons. A metadata file accompanies the shapefile to define attribute accuracy, data development, and any use restrictions that pertain to the data.
Univariate Probability Distributions, Lawrence Leemis, Daniel J. Luckett, Austin Powell, Peter J. Vermeer
Univariate Probability Distributions, Lawrence Leemis, Daniel J. Luckett, Austin Powell, Peter J. Vermeer
Arts & Sciences Articles
We describe a web-based interactive graphic that can be used as a resource in introductory classes in mathematical statistics. This interactive graphic presents 76 common univariate distributions and gives details on (a) various features of the distribution such as the functional form of the probability density function and cumulative distribution function, graphs of the probability density function for various parameter settings, and values of population moments; (b) properties that the distribution possesses, for example, linear combinations of independent random variables from a particular distribution family also belong to the same distribution family; and (c) relationships between the various distributions, including …
Generating A Close-To-Reality Synthetic Population Of Ghana, Tyler Frazier, Andreas Alfons
Generating A Close-To-Reality Synthetic Population Of Ghana, Tyler Frazier, Andreas Alfons
Arts & Sciences Articles
The purpose of this research is to generate a close-to-reality synthetic human population for use in a geosimulation of urban dynamics. Two commonly accepted approaches to generating synthetic human populations are Iterative Proportional Fitting (IPF) and Resampling with Replacement. While these methods are effective at reproducing one instance of the probability model describing the survey, it is an instance with extremely small variability amongst subgroups and is very unlikely to be the real population. IPF and Resampling with Replacement also rely on pure replication of units from the underlying sample which can increase unrealistic model behavior. In this work we …
Summary Tables: 2012 Henrico County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl H. Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt
Summary Tables: 2012 Henrico County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl H. Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt
Reports
The Shoreline Inventory Summary Tables quantify observed conditions based on river systems, such as the combined length of linear features (e.g. shoreline miles surveyed, miles of bulkhead and revetment), the total number of point features (e.g. docks, boathouses, boat ramps) & total acres of polygon features (tidal marshes).
Summary Tables: City Of Virginia Beach, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt
Summary Tables: City Of Virginia Beach, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt
Reports
The Shoreline Inventory Summary Tables quantify observed conditions based on river systems, such as the combined length of linear features (e.g. shoreline miles surveyed, miles of bulkhead and revetment), the total number of point features (e.g. docks, boathouses, boat ramps) & total acres of polygon features (tidal marshes).
Microbial Methane Production In Oxygenated Water Column Of An Oligotrophic Lake, Hans-Peter Grossart, Katharina Frindte, Claudia Dziallas, Werner Eckert, Kam W. Tang
Microbial Methane Production In Oxygenated Water Column Of An Oligotrophic Lake, Hans-Peter Grossart, Katharina Frindte, Claudia Dziallas, Werner Eckert, Kam W. Tang
VIMS Articles
The prevailing paradigm in aquatic science is that microbial methanogenesis happens primarily in anoxic environments. Here, we used multiple complementary approaches to show that microbial methane production could and did occur in the well-oxygenated water column of an oligotrophic lake (Lake Stechlin, Germany). Oversaturation of methane was repeatedly recorded in the well-oxygenated upper 10 m of the water column, and the methane maxima coincided with oxygen oversaturation at 6 m. Laboratory incubations of unamended epilimnetic lake water and inoculations of photoautotrophs with a lake-enrichment culture both led to methane production even in the presence of oxygen, and the production was …
Ecological And Erosion Protection Functions Of Chesapeake Bay Living Shorelines : Comprehensive Monitoring Of Ecological And Erosion Protection Functions Of Chesapeake Bay Living Shorelines (Cmls), Phase I, Donna Marie Bilkovic, Molly Mitchell
Ecological And Erosion Protection Functions Of Chesapeake Bay Living Shorelines : Comprehensive Monitoring Of Ecological And Erosion Protection Functions Of Chesapeake Bay Living Shorelines (Cmls), Phase I, Donna Marie Bilkovic, Molly Mitchell
Reports
Armoring shorelines to prevent erosion, improve access, and accommodate individual landscaping interests can result in fragmentation or loss of habitats, reduction in capacity to moderate pollutant loads delivered to coastal waters, reduction in nekton and macrobenthic integrity (Bilkovic et al. 2005, King et al. 2005, Seitz et al. 2006, Bilkovic et al. 2006, Bilkovic & Roggero 2008), increases in invasive species, such as Phragmites australis (Chambers et al. 1999, King et al. 2007), and disturbance of sediment budgets sustaining adjacent properties. As an alternative to traditional armoring of shorelines, shoreline protection techniques incorporating natural elements from the system are increasingly …
A Geotechnical Evaluation Of Chesapeake Beach Shoal For Beach Quality Sand, Donna A. Milligan, C. Scott Hardaway Jr., Mary C. Cox, Christine A. Wilcox
A Geotechnical Evaluation Of Chesapeake Beach Shoal For Beach Quality Sand, Donna A. Milligan, C. Scott Hardaway Jr., Mary C. Cox, Christine A. Wilcox
Reports
Chesapeake Beach Shoal is located along the southern coast of Chesapeake Bay in Virginia Beach, Virginia (Figure 1-1). Chesapeake Beach, which is nearly adjacent, has a history of chronic beach erosion which threatens upland infrastructure. Beach nourishment occurs on Ocean Park Beach to the east from intermittent dredging of Lynnhaven Inlet (Figure 1-2), but the effects do not always translate westward to Chesapeake Beach. The general alongshore sand movement is east to west. The purpose of this project is to establish a reliable source of beach sand for Chesapeake Beach via the nearshore shoal. Many issues, including identifying the location …
Results Of The Ioos Testbed For Comparison Of Hydrodynamic Models Of The Chesapeake Bay, Carl T. Friedrichs, A. J. Bever, M.A.M. Friedrichs, M.E. Scully
Results Of The Ioos Testbed For Comparison Of Hydrodynamic Models Of The Chesapeake Bay, Carl T. Friedrichs, A. J. Bever, M.A.M. Friedrichs, M.E. Scully
Presentations
No abstract provided.
Is There Any Air Down There? Using Multiple 3d Numerical Models To Investigate Hypoxic Volumes Within The Chesapeake Bay, A. J. Bever, M.A.M. Friedrichs, Carl T. Friedrichs
Is There Any Air Down There? Using Multiple 3d Numerical Models To Investigate Hypoxic Volumes Within The Chesapeake Bay, A. J. Bever, M.A.M. Friedrichs, Carl T. Friedrichs
Presentations
No abstract provided.
Observations And Best-Fit Modeling Of Settling And Suspension Of Multiple Sediment Particle Types: York River, Virginia, K. A. Fall, Carl T. Friedrichs, M.A.M. Friedrichs
Observations And Best-Fit Modeling Of Settling And Suspension Of Multiple Sediment Particle Types: York River, Virginia, K. A. Fall, Carl T. Friedrichs, M.A.M. Friedrichs
Presentations
No abstract provided.
Use Of Tide Stakes To Interpret Flow Pathways And Elevation Patterns In A Ditched New England Salt Marsh, L. E. Lemay, Carl T. Friedrichs
Use Of Tide Stakes To Interpret Flow Pathways And Elevation Patterns In A Ditched New England Salt Marsh, L. E. Lemay, Carl T. Friedrichs
Presentations
No abstract provided.
Results Of The Ioos Testbed For Comparison Of Hydrodynamic Models Of The Chesapeake Bay, Carl T. Friedrichs, A. J. Bever, M.A.M. Friedrichs, M. E. Scully
Results Of The Ioos Testbed For Comparison Of Hydrodynamic Models Of The Chesapeake Bay, Carl T. Friedrichs, A. J. Bever, M.A.M. Friedrichs, M. E. Scully
Presentations
No abstract provided.