Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Songbirds, Pesticides, And Golf Courses: Exposure And Effects, Ryan Brennan Burdge

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

New Developments In Xanthate Ester Chemistry And The Potential For Protecting Group Applications, Matthew Hobson Jones

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Water Quality In Headwater Streams: A Test Of Best Management Practices, Jonathan Worth Holley

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Gis Data: Mathews County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report Methods And Guidelines, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss

Data

The data inventory developed for the Shoreline Situation Reports are based on a three-tiered shoreline assessment approach. This assessment characterizes conditions in the shorezone observed from a small boat moving along the shoreline. Handheld GPS units record data observations in the field. The three tiered shoreline assessment approach divides the shorezone into three regions:

1. the immediate riparian zone, evaluated for land use

2. the bank, evaluated for height, stability and natural protection

3. the shoreline, describing the presence of shoreline structures for shore protection and recreational purposes.

Three GIS coverages are generated from the collection technique. The Mathews_lubc coverage are features related …

Interactions Between Macroalgae And The Sediment Microbial Community: Nutrient Cycling Within Shallow Coastal Bays, Amber Kay Hardison

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Ephemeral macroalgal blooms are considered a symptom of eutrophication in shallow coastal lagoons, but their influence on nutrient cycling dynamics in these systems is not fully understood. From 2006-2008, I conducted a series of experiments to determine the influence of living and senescent macroalgae on sediment carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling in coastal lagoons along the Delmarva Peninsula, USA. In particular, I focused on how macroalgae affect the microbial community at the sediment-water interface of shallow subtidal sediments because this complex consortium of autotrophic (e.g. benthic microalgae, BMA) and heterotrophic (e.g. bacteria) organisms plays a critical role in nutrient …

Assessing Genetic Variation Within And Among Native Populations And Hatchery Stocks Of Crassostrea Ariakensis Using Microsatellite Markers, Jie Xiao

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Assessing genetic variation within and among native populations and hatchery stocks of Crassostrea ariakensis using microsatellite markers In response to the dramatic decline of eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) populations in the Chesapeake Bay, introduction of the non-native Asian oyster Crassostrea ariakensis has been proposed. Currently several hatchery stocks of C. ariakensis, derived from a few wild populations along the coast of Japan and China, are being maintained in U.S. hatcheries in the Pacific northwest and on the east coast. In recent years, as the risks of the proposed introduction are being assessed, these hatchery animals have been widely used for …

Summary Tables: Mathews County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report Methods And Guidelines, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss

Reports

The Shoreline Inventory Summary Tables quantify observed conditions based on river systems, such as the combined length of linear features (e.g. shoreline miles surveyed, miles of bulkhead and revetment), the total number of point features (e.g. docks, boathouses, boat ramps) & total acres of polygon features (tidal marshes).

Vims Response To Climate Change 2009, United Nations Environmental Programme : Responding To Climate Change In The Coastal Zone, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science. Initiative For Coastal Climate Change Research

Reports

VIMS Response to Climate Change 2009 United Nations Environmental Program Responding to climate change in the coastal zone

Extreme Storm Events Increase The Risk For Chemical Contamination Of Coastal Waters, Michael A. Unger, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science. Initiative For Coastal Climate Change Research

Reports

Sea-level rise and an increase in the severity of coastal storms are probable outcomes for the Chesapeake Bay due to global climate change. A consequent ecological and economic risk for tidewater Virginia and other low-lying coastal zones is the contamination of coastal waters by industrial and agricultural chemicals released by accidental spills during severe storm events. . . .

Reduction Of Calcium Release Site Models Via Fast/Slow Analysis And Iterative Aggregation/Disaggregation, Yan Hao, Peter Kemper, Gregory D. Smith

Arts & Sciences Articles

Mathematical models of calcium release sites derived from Markov chain models of intracellular calcium channels exhibit collective gating reminiscent of the experimentally observed phenomenon of calcium puffs and sparks. Such models often take the form of stochastic automata networks in which the transition probabilities of each channel depend on the local calcium concentration and thus the state of the other channels. In order to overcome the state-space explosion that occurs in such compositionally defined calcium release site models, we have implemented several automated procedures for model reduction using fast/slow analysis. After categorizing rate constants in the single channel model as …

The Effects Of Sea Level Rise On Tidal Wetlands In The Lynnhaven River Watershed, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

This study classified tidal wetlands for the Lynnhaven Watershed using remote sensing techniques and high resolution imagery from 2007. This updated delineation of wetlands, was used in conjunction with a simplistic geospatial elevation model to quantify the potential loss of wetlands under various sea level rise scenarios.The study revealed that using conservative estimates of sea level rise, nearly all wetlands would be lost by the year 2100. Projecting sea level rise into the future can be considered speculative, nevertheless such predictions are necessary to begin managing for and planning for climate change impacts. Evidence from this study suggests that upland …

Virginia Game Fish Tagging Program Annual Report 2008, John A. Lucy, Lewis Gillingham

Reports

Through 2008, the Virginia Game Fish Tagging Program has maintained a database comprised of 14 years of data on tagged and recaptured fish. The program is a cooperative project of the Virginia Saltwater Fishing Tournament (VSFT-under the Marine Resources Commission) and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) of the College of William and Mary (under VIMS Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program).

A Population Density Model Of The Driven Lgn/Pgn, Marco A. Huertas, Gregory D. Smith

Arts & Sciences Book Chapters

The interaction of two populations of integrate-and-fire-or-burst neurons representing thalamocortical cells from the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and thalamic reticular cells from the perigeniculate nucleus (PGN) is studied using a population density approach. A two-dimensional probability density function that evolves according to a time-dependent advection-reaction equation gives the distribution of cells in each population over the membrane potential and de-inactivation level of a low-threshold calcium current. In the absence of retinal drive, the population density network model exhibits rhythmic bursting. In the presence of constant retinal input, the aroused LGN/PGN population density model displays a wide range of responses …

Photoluminescence Of 1-D Copper(I) Cyanide Chains: A Theoretical Description, Craig A. Bayse, Timothy P. Brewster, Robert D. Pike

Arts & Sciences Articles

Solid copper(I) cyanide occurs as extended one-dimensional chains with interesting photophysical properties. To explain the observed luminescence spectroscopy of CuCN, we report a series of computational studies using short bare and potassium-capped [Cun(CN)n+1] − (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7) chains as CuCN models. On the basis of TD-DFT calculations of these model chains, the excitation transitions in the UV spectrum are assigned as Laporte-allowed π−π transitions from MOs with Cu 3dπ and CN π character to empty MOs with Cu 4p and CN π* character. Transitions between the HOMO (3dz …

Evaluation Of Striped Bass Stocks In Virginia, Monitoring And Tagging Studies, 2004-2008 Annual Report, 1 September 2007 - 31 September 2008, Philip W. Sadler, John M. Hoenig, Robert E. Harris, Matthew W. Smith, Rebecca J. Wilk, Lydia M. Goins

Reports

This report presents the results of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) tagging and monitoring activities in Virginia during the period 1 September 2007 through 31 August 2008. It includes an assessment of the biological characteristics of striped bass taken from the 2008 spring spawning run, estimates of annual survival and fishing mortality based on annual spring tagging, and the results of the study that documents the prevalence of mycobacterial infections of striped bass in Chesapeake Bay. The information contained in this report is required by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission and is used to implement a coordinated management plan for …

City Of Chesapeake, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report Methods And Guidelines, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel Schatt, Dave Weiss

Reports

This shoreline inventory is developed as a tool for assessing conditions along the tidal shoreline in the City of Chesapeake. Field data were collected between June and July 2002. Conditions are reported for three zones within the immediate riparian river area: riparian land use, bank and buffers, and the shoreline. A series of maps and tabular data are published to illustrate and quantify results of an extensive shoreline survey. Shorelines of the western, southern and eastern branches of the Elizabeth River including small tributaries were surveyed for this inventory. Small sections were coded using remote sensing techniques because the shoreline …

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 23, No. 2, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

No abstract provided.

Gloucester County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report Methods And Guidelines, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel Schatt, Dave Weiss

Reports

This shoreline inventory is developed as a tool for assessing conditions along the tidal shoreline in the Gloucester County. Field data were collected between August and November 1998. Conditions are reported for three zones within the immediate riparian river area: riparian land use, bank and buffers, and the shoreline. A series of maps and tabular data are published to illustrate and quantify results of an extensive shoreline survey. Shorelines of the Poropotank, York, Severn, Ware, North and Piankatank rivers as well as creeks and small tributaries were surveyed for this inventory. Sections were coded using remote sensing techniques because the …

The Living Shoreline Suitability Model Worcester County, Maryland, Marcia Berman, Tamia Rudnicky

Reports

No abstract provided.

2008 City Of Portsmouth, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report Methods And Guidelines, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Carl Hershner, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss

Reports

No abstract provided.

Occohannock Creek Shoreline Erosion Assessment And Living Shoreline Options Report, C. Scott Hardaway Jr., Donna A. Milligan, Kevin O'Brien, Christine Wilcox, Shoreline Studies Program, Marcia Berman, Sharon Killeen, Tami Rudnicky, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Reports

This study provides information to Occohannock Creek property owners to help them assess their shoreline stability and their options if erosion is a problem. In the past, shoreline erosion control options were typically limited to rip-rap, groins, or bulkheads. These hard structures often destroyed marsh and other habitat and may not have provided the protection desired. Other methods of erosion control now exist that have been used in a variety of conditions and evaluated for their durability and performance. The alternative techniques incorporate vegetation and are referred to as Living Shoreline designs. Conditions on Occohannock Creek make it a very …

Water And Sediment Discharge From Small Mountainous Rivers, Taiwan: The Roles Of Lithology, Episodic Events, And Human Activities, S. J. Kao, John D. Milliman

VIMS Articles

Taiwan’s natural setting creates highly vulnerable watersheds whose rivers discharge disproportionately large quantities of sediment to the coastal ocean. The 16 Taiwanese rivers analyzed in this article discharge ∼180 Mt yr^-1 of sediment to the coastal ocean, although totals over the past 20 years have varied between 16 and 440 Mt yr^-1. The mean annual sediment yield of 9500 t km^-2 yr^-1 for the 16 rivers is 60-fold greater than the global yield of 150 t km^-2 yr^-1, but mean yields for the individual rivers vary by more than 2 orders of …

Erosion Vulnerability Assessment (Eva) And Planning Tool, Marcia Berman, Julie Herman, Karinna Nunez, Daniel Schatt

Reports

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Recruitment Of American Eel, Anguilla Rostrata, To The Potomac River (Spring 2008), Mary C. Fabrizio, Troy D. Tuckey

Reports

The Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC) adopted the Interstate Fishery Management Plan (FMP) for the American eel in November 1999. The FMP focuses on increasing coastal states’ efforts to collect American eel data through both fishery-dependent and fishery-independent studies. Consequently, member jurisdictions agreed to implement an annual survey for young of the year (YOY) American eels. The survey is intended to “…characterize trends in annual recruitment of the YOY eels over time [to produce a] qualitative appraisal of the annual recruitment of American eel to the U.S. Atlantic Coast” (ASMFC, 2000). The development of these surveys began in 2000 …

Oscillation Regularity In Noise-Driven Excitable Systems With Multi-Time-Scale Adaptation, William H. Nesse, Christopher A. Del Negro, Paul C. Bressloff

Arts & Sciences Articles

We investigate oscillation regularity of a noise-driven system modeled with a slow after-hyperpolarizing adaptation current (AHP) composed of multiple-exponential relaxation time scales. Sufficiently separated slow and fast AHP time scales (biphasic decay) cause a peak in oscillation irregularity for intermediate input currents I, with relatively regular oscillations for small and large currents. An analytic formulation of the system as a stochastic escape problem establishes that the phenomena is distinct from standard forms of coherence resonance. Our results explain data on the oscillation regularity of the pre-Bötzinger complex, a neural oscillator responsible for inspiratory breathing rhythm generation in mammals.

Tidal Wetlands Guidelines, Center For Coastal Resources Management, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

No abstract provided.

Estimating Relative Abundance Of Young Of Year American Eel, Anguilla Rostrata, In The Virginia Tributaries Of Chesapeake Bay (Spring 2007), Troy D. Tuckey

Reports

The Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC) adopted the Interstate Fishery Management Plan (FMP) for the American eel in November 1999. The FMP focuses on increasing coastal states’ efforts to collect American eel data through both fishery dependent and fishery independent studies. Consequently, member jurisdictions (including Virginia) agreed to implement an annual survey for YOY American eels. The survey is intended to “…characterize trends in annual recruitment of the YOY eels over time [to produce a] qualitative appraisal of the annual recruitment of American eel to the U.S. Atlantic Coast” (ASMFC, 2000). The development of these surveys began in 2000 …

Evaluating The Relationship Between Impervious Surfaces Within Watersheds And Coastal Water Quality On Virginia’S Eastern Shore, Mark Luckenbach, Paige G. Ross, Alan Birch, Albert Curry Jr.

Reports

The overall objective of this research is to determine the relationship between the percent of a watershed covered by impervious surfaces and water quality in tidal creeks on the Eastern Shore of Virginia in an effort to provide local governments and citizens guidance in developing zoning plans. Our specific objectives were to:

(1) Determine the relationships between percent impervious surface in a watershed and concentrations of suspended sediments, nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll a and fecal coliform bacteria in tidal creek headwaters;

(2) Examine these relationships with and without the inclusion of tomato cultivation to determine whether it should be included in …

Parametric Model Discrimination For Heavily Censored Survival Data, Lawrence Leemis, A. D. Block

Arts & Sciences Articles

Simultaneous discrimination among various parametric lifetime models is an important step in the parametric analysis of survival data. We consider a plot of the skewness versus the coefficient of variation for the purpose of discriminating among parametric survival models. We extend the method of Cox & Oakes from complete to censored data by developing an algorithm based on a competing risks model and kernel function estimation. A by-product of this algorithm is a nonparametric survival function estimate.

Virginia Shellfish Aquaculture Situation And Outlook Report : Results Of The 2007 Virginia Shellfish Aquaculture Crop Reporting Survey, Thomas J. Murray, Michael J. Oesterling

Reports

Continued growth of the shellfish aquaculture industry in Virginia has added significant value to the state’s seafood marketplace. Today, watermen continue to harvest both hard clams and oysters from the state’s public resources, albeit at diminished rates. At the same time, Virginia’s watermen-farmers are providing growing quantities of additional quality shellfish to consumers. Following the lead of the hard clam industry, there has been a significant transition to intensive aquaculture of native oysters in recent years. The once extensive oyster planting has disappeared primarily as a result of endemic oyster diseases and increasing wildlife predation of seed oysters. In its …