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Articles 2461 - 2490 of 4602

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Planar Oxides As A Novel Approach To Metal Ion Sorption Studies: From The Lab To The Field, Christine F. Conrad Jan 2005

Planar Oxides As A Novel Approach To Metal Ion Sorption Studies: From The Lab To The Field, Christine F. Conrad

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The purpose of this work is to investigate the use of planar oxides as tools for metal ion sorption studies that can be used in both laboratory and field settings. to do this, a three-step approach was used. In the first step, the reactivities of the planar gamma-Al2O3 surfaces relative to pure phase gamma alumina was investigated through Pb(II) sorption studies. The relative quantitative uptake of Pb(II) on the planar gamma alumina was found to be comparable to that on the bulk. XAS analysis showed that the coordination geometry and local binding environment of the Pb(II) complexes were similar on …

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Tidal Wetland Contributions To Fecal Coliform Loads In Shellfish Growing Waters By Analysis Of Model Prediction Discrepancy, Jie. Huang Jan 2005

Tidal Wetland Contributions To Fecal Coliform Loads In Shellfish Growing Waters By Analysis Of Model Prediction Discrepancy, Jie. Huang

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Fecal contamination in estuaries has become an increasing concern worldwide. The use of wetlands for wastewater treatment has expanded due to their natural ability to improve water quality by removing suspended sediments, nutrients, and fecal bacteria. In general, most of the removal occurs through deposition and accumulation in the wetland substrate. This would suggest that wetlands are effective filters for fecal coliform transported from terrestrial environments to surface waters. It has also been hypothesized, however, that wetlands may be an intermittent source of fecal coliform in tidal systems as a result of wildlife deposition and /or accumulation from terrestrial sources. …

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Influence Of Environmental Factors On The Seed Ecology Of Vallisneria Americana, Jessie J. Campbell Jan 2005

Influence Of Environmental Factors On The Seed Ecology Of Vallisneria Americana, Jessie J. Campbell

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Environmental conditions may positively or negatively influence production, reproduction, and restoration of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV). As SAV populations decline, it is important to understand the potential impacts of the environment on the natural processes of reproduction. The objectives of this study are to provide fundamental information on sexual reproduction in a dominant species of freshwater SAV, Vallisneria americana, in the Chesapeake Bay observe the changes in environmental conditions in an established V. americana bed over an entire growing season (April-October), quantify the effects of similar environmental conditions on V. americana seed germination under controlled laboratory conditions, and finally to …

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An Investigation Of Programmer-Identified Concerns, Meghan Kathleen Revelle Jan 2005

An Investigation Of Programmer-Identified Concerns, Meghan Kathleen Revelle

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Reproductive Attributes Of Polynoid Polychaetes From Hydrothermal Vents On The East Pacific Rise, Jessica Lynn Wallace Jan 2005

Reproductive Attributes Of Polynoid Polychaetes From Hydrothermal Vents On The East Pacific Rise, Jessica Lynn Wallace

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Human Disturbance On The Breeding Success Of Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia Sialis), Caitlin Rebecca Kight Jan 2005

Effects Of Human Disturbance On The Breeding Success Of Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia Sialis), Caitlin Rebecca Kight

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Heavy Metal Complexes Of Mixed S,N Donor Ligands: X-Ray Crystallography And Solution-State 1h Nmr, Wei Lai Jan 2005

Heavy Metal Complexes Of Mixed S,N Donor Ligands: X-Ray Crystallography And Solution-State 1h Nmr, Wei Lai

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Bi(Iii) Initiated Cyclization Reactions And Iodonium Fragmentation Kinetics, Yajing Lian Jan 2005

Bi(Iii) Initiated Cyclization Reactions And Iodonium Fragmentation Kinetics, Yajing Lian

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Quantum Monte Carlo Method For Boson Ground States: Application To Trapped Bosons With Attractive And Repulsive Interactions, Wirawan Purwanto Jan 2005

Quantum Monte Carlo Method For Boson Ground States: Application To Trapped Bosons With Attractive And Repulsive Interactions, Wirawan Purwanto

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

We formulate a quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method for calculating the ground state of many-boson systems. The method is based on a field-theoretical approach, and is closely related to existing fermion auxiliary-field QMC methods which are applied in several fields of physics. The ground-state projection is implemented as a branching random walk in the space of permanents consisting of identical single-particle orbitals. Any single-particle basis can be used, and the method is in principle exact. We apply this method to an atomic Bose gas, where the atoms interact via an attractive or repulsive contact two-body potential parametrized by the s-wave …

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Photochemical Modification Of Polyethylene Terephthalate Surface, Zhengmao Zhu Jan 2005

Photochemical Modification Of Polyethylene Terephthalate Surface, Zhengmao Zhu

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The prospect of obtaining desired surface-mediated characteristics while retaining bulk-mediated physical properties and avoiding potential environmental issues with wet chemical technology lends considerable appeal to photochemical approaches to surface modification.;We undertook a combined experimental and computational approach to investigate the effect of deep UV irradiation on the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) surface. its response to 172 nm UV from a xenon examiner lamp in the absence of oxygen was characterized with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Time of Flight/Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF/SIMS), transmission infrared spectroscopy (IR), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The surface chemistry details suggested that the primary photochemical reactions …

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Characterization Of Ionic, Dipolar And Molecular Mobility In Polymer Systems, Zhenrong Guo Jan 2005

Characterization Of Ionic, Dipolar And Molecular Mobility In Polymer Systems, Zhenrong Guo

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Changes in the ionic and dipolar molecular mobility in a polymer system are the basis for the changes in the dielectric mechanical properties of polymer materials. Frequency Dependent Dielectric Measurements (FDEMS) and Ion Time-of-Flight (ITOF) are two important techniques to investigate ionic and dipolar molecular mobility in polymer systems. The results can be related to the macro- and molecular dielectric, electrical and dynamic properties of polymeric materials. The combination of these two methods provides a full view of electric, dielectric and dynamic behavior for the systems as they undergo chemical and/or physical changes during polymerization crystallization, vitrification, and/or phase separation.;The …

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Impact Of Large Scale Substrate Roughness On Giant Magnetoresistive Thin Films, Shannon M. Watson Jan 2005

Impact Of Large Scale Substrate Roughness On Giant Magnetoresistive Thin Films, Shannon M. Watson

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

This dissertation presents an investigation on the effects of large scale roughness on the properties of giant magnetoresistive multilayers. The large scale roughness (sigmarms > 5 nm) is introduced into giant magnetoresistive thin films through the substrate. Current-in-plane (CIP) and current-perpendicular-to-the-plane (CPP) thin films were deposited by dc magnetron and triode sputtering. All films were characterized for roughness, magnetic and electronic behavior.;Our research on both pseudo spin valves and exchange-biased spin valves shows that long length scale roughness does not have a significant detrimental effect on GMR thin films. For the CIP films, we find that a decrease in GMR correlates …

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Nursery Delineation, Movement Patterns, And Migration Of The Sandbar Shark, Carcharhinus Plumbeus, In The Eastern Shore Of Virginia Coastal Bays And Lagoons, Christina L. Conrath Jan 2005

Nursery Delineation, Movement Patterns, And Migration Of The Sandbar Shark, Carcharhinus Plumbeus, In The Eastern Shore Of Virginia Coastal Bays And Lagoons, Christina L. Conrath

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The identification and delineation of nursery areas and areas of aggregation of north Atlantic sharks has been identified as an important information need for future management efforts. The objectives of this project were to use a fishery-independent method to study the overwintering area of juvenile sandbar sharks, to spatially delineate the Eastern Shore nursery area, and to examine movement patterns and space use within this nursery area. Data from 21 satellite transmitters attached to large juvenile sandbar sharks revealed that these sharks primarily occurred off the outer banks of North Carolina, at deeper depths and colder water temperatures during the …

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The Interaction Between Stratification, Circulation, And Sediment Transport In A Partially-Mixed Estuary, Malcolm E. Scully Jan 2005

The Interaction Between Stratification, Circulation, And Sediment Transport In A Partially-Mixed Estuary, Malcolm E. Scully

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Detailed field observations from the York River estuary, Virginia are used to examine the processes governing vertical density stratification and to evaluate the importance of spatial and temporal variations in turbulent mixing on estuarine dynamics and sediment transport. Contrary to previous findings that suggest wind stress acts predominantly as a source of energy to mix away stratification, this study demonstrates that the wind can play a more important role in "straining" the along-channel estuarine density gradient. as a result, down-estuary winds enhance the tidally-averaged vertical shear, which interacts with the along-channel density gradient to increase stratification. Conversely, up-estuary winds tend …

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Eye Pathologies Found In Several Decapod Crustaceans, Andrea M. Maniscalco Jan 2005

Eye Pathologies Found In Several Decapod Crustaceans, Andrea M. Maniscalco

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Estimation Of Annual And Semi-Annual Survival Of Adult Female Blue Crabs And Assessment Of The Effectiveness Of The Virginia Blue Crab Sanctuary Using Tag-Return Methodology, Debra M. Lambert Jan 2005

Estimation Of Annual And Semi-Annual Survival Of Adult Female Blue Crabs And Assessment Of The Effectiveness Of The Virginia Blue Crab Sanctuary Using Tag-Return Methodology, Debra M. Lambert

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The blue crab fishery is the most valuable commercial fishery in Chesapeake Bay. The Chesapeake Bay stock recently experienced a period of overfishing, which has resulted in below average abundances, and the spawning stock has experienced an 84 % decline in biomass relative to levels in the late 1980s. The status of the stock is determined by comparing current estimates of mortality to biological reference points. Given the current focus on blue crab conservation, there is a need to obtain reliable, empirical estimates of survival to compare to the biological reference points. A tagging program was initiated on the terminally-molted, …

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Investigation Of The Life History Of The Cownose Ray, Rhinoptera Bonasus (Mitchill 1815), Donna S. Grusha Jan 2005

Investigation Of The Life History Of The Cownose Ray, Rhinoptera Bonasus (Mitchill 1815), Donna S. Grusha

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Physiological Ecology Of The Cultured Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria: A Case Study In Cherrystone Inlet, Virginia, Elizabeth Darrow Condon Jan 2005

Physiological Ecology Of The Cultured Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria: A Case Study In Cherrystone Inlet, Virginia, Elizabeth Darrow Condon

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Linking Framework Geology And Nearshore Morphology: Correlation Of Paleo-Channels With Shore-Oblique Sandbars And Gravel Outcrops, A. Grace Browder Jan 2005

Linking Framework Geology And Nearshore Morphology: Correlation Of Paleo-Channels With Shore-Oblique Sandbars And Gravel Outcrops, A. Grace Browder

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Shore-Oblique Bars, Nearshore Gravel Outcrops, And Their Correlation To Shoreline Change, Courtney A. Schupp Jan 2005

Shore-Oblique Bars, Nearshore Gravel Outcrops, And Their Correlation To Shoreline Change, Courtney A. Schupp

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Kent County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss Jan 2005

Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Kent County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss

Data

The Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has generated Shoreline Situation Reports (SSRs) for coastal localities in the state of Maryland. This effort compliments a parallel effort in Virginia by the same group. SSRs were developed by VIMS in the 1970s for Virginia and have been the foundation for shoreline management planning in Tidewater Virginia ever since. CCRM has developed new protocols for collecting, disseminating, and reporting data relevant to shoreline management issues using state of the art mapping and remote sensing techniques. New SSRs are being generated on a county by …

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Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Prince Georges County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss Jan 2005

Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Prince Georges County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry Berquist, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel E. Schatt, David Weiss

Data

The Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has generated Shoreline Situation Reports (SSRs) for coastal localities in the state of Maryland. This effort compliments a parallel effort in Virginia by the same group. SSRs were developed by VIMS in the 1970s for Virginia and have been the foundation for shoreline management planning in Tidewater Virginia ever since. CCRM has developed new protocols for collecting, disseminating, and reporting data relevant to shoreline management issues using state of the art mapping and remote sensing techniques. New SSRs are being generated on a county by …

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Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Talbot County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry B, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel Schatt, David Weiss Jan 2005

Development Of The Maryland Shoreline Inventory Methods And Guidelines For Talbot County - Gis Data, Marcia Berman, Harry B, Sharon Killeen, Karinna Nunez, Karen Reay, Tamia Rudnicky, Daniel Schatt, David Weiss

Data

The Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) has generated Shoreline Situation Reports (SSRs) for coastal localities in the state of Maryland. This effort compliments a parallel effort in Virginia by the same group. SSRs were developed by VIMS in the 1970s for Virginia and have been the foundation for shoreline management planning in Tidewater Virginia ever since. CCRM has developed new protocols for collecting, disseminating, and reporting data relevant to shoreline management issues using state of the art mapping and remote sensing techniques. New SSRs are being generated on a county by …

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Yorktown Beach 2003-2005, With Hurricane Isabel Impacts, Donna A. Milligan, C. Scott Hardaway Jr., Linda M. Meneghini, George R. Thomas, Christine A. Wilcox Jan 2005

Yorktown Beach 2003-2005, With Hurricane Isabel Impacts, Donna A. Milligan, C. Scott Hardaway Jr., Linda M. Meneghini, George R. Thomas, Christine A. Wilcox

Reports

The Yorktown Public Beach is located on the south side of the York River at Yorktown, Virginia (Figure 1). It is approximately 1,200 feet in length. Historically, the beach was a product of erosion of nearby sandy upland banks and the littoral transport system. Over the years, the beaches along the waterfront began to narrow as the natural sediment supply was depleted by hardening of the updrift shorelines and were easily overwashed in storms and had continually eroded. Since 1978, various projects have taken place along Yorktown’s shoreline in order to abate erosion, provide a recreational beach, and minimize damage …

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The Tide Next Time, John D. Boon Jan 2005

The Tide Next Time, John D. Boon

Reports

Will sea level be higher the next time Virginia encounters a hurricane? The most likely answer is ‘yes’. See https://scholarworks.wm.edu/reports/2803 for my article titled The three Faces of Isabel describing the role of changing sea level in shaping the storm tide produced by Hurricane Isabel on 18 September 2003. As explained in that article, a storm tide is the extreme water level that results when storm surge, the short-term change in water level due to the effects of the storm, is superposed on the everyday rise and fall of the astronomical tide that happens to be in place as the …

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Sources Of Sedimentary Organic Matter In The Mississippi River And Adjacent Gulf Of Mexico, Elizabeth J. Waterson Jan 2005

Sources Of Sedimentary Organic Matter In The Mississippi River And Adjacent Gulf Of Mexico, Elizabeth J. Waterson

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The development of accurate carbon budgets, as well as global climate models with predictive capabilities, requires an understanding of the delivery and fate of terrigenous carbon in the environment. Understanding the extent to which estuarine and continental shelf processes alter carbon transfer between marine and terrestrial systems, including estimates of organic matter accumulation in coastal sediments, is poorly known. Organic carbon and nutrients exported to the adjacent Gulf of Mexico by the Mississippi River are influenced by biological and physical processes including remineralization, hydrodynamic sorting, seabed mixing and bioturbation, and burial. These complex processes make it difficult to know the …

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Predicting Future Shoreline Condition Based On Land Use Trends, Logistic Regression, And Fuzzy Logic, Lynne M. Dingerson Jan 2005

Predicting Future Shoreline Condition Based On Land Use Trends, Logistic Regression, And Fuzzy Logic, Lynne M. Dingerson

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The lower Chesapeake Bay and adjacent coastal waters serve as the primary summer nursery areas for juvenile sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean. The large population of juvenile sandbar sharks in this ecosystem benefits from increased food availability that fuels rapid growth and from limited exposure to large shark predators. Juvenile growth and survival is the most critical life history stage for sandbar sharks, and juvenile nursery grounds will continue to play an important role in the slow recovery of this stock from severe population declines due to overfishing. The goal of this study was to assess …

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A Molecular Phylogeny Of The Echeneoidea (Perciformes: Carangoidei) And An Investigation Of Population Structuring Within The Echeneidae, Kurtis N. Gray Jan 2005

A Molecular Phylogeny Of The Echeneoidea (Perciformes: Carangoidei) And An Investigation Of Population Structuring Within The Echeneidae, Kurtis N. Gray

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Hypoxia In Shallow Coastal Waters: A Case Study In Onancock Creek, Virginia, Taiping Wang Jan 2005

Hypoxia In Shallow Coastal Waters: A Case Study In Onancock Creek, Virginia, Taiping Wang

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

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Sonar Sensor Interpretation For Ectogeneous Robots, Wen Gao Jan 2005

Sonar Sensor Interpretation For Ectogeneous Robots, Wen Gao

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

We have developed four generations of sonar scanning systems to automatically interpret surrounding environment. The first two are stationary 3D air-coupled ultrasound scanning systems and the last two are packaged as sensor heads for mobile robots. Template matching analysis is applied to distinguish simple indoor objects. It is conducted by comparing the tested echo with the reference echoes. Important features are then extracted and drawn in the phase plane. The computer then analyzes them and gives the best choices of the tested echoes automatically. For cylindrical objects outside, an algorithm has been presented to distinguish trees from smooth circular poles …

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