Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Environmental Sciences (1844)
- Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology (1365)
- Oceanography (1262)
- Life Sciences (1121)
- Marine Biology (668)
-
- Physics (552)
- Environmental Monitoring (501)
- Natural Resources Management and Policy (489)
- Animal Sciences (395)
- Earth Sciences (388)
- Fresh Water Studies (387)
- Chemistry (342)
- Natural Resources and Conservation (297)
- Aquaculture and Fisheries (288)
- Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment (256)
- Computer Sciences (245)
- Water Resource Management (242)
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology (186)
- Engineering (149)
- Zoology (106)
- Condensed Matter Physics (104)
- Sedimentology (103)
- Geology (97)
- Environmental Education (90)
- Organic Chemistry (88)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (72)
- Biogeochemistry (71)
- Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology (70)
- Mathematics (65)
- Keyword
-
- Research and Technical Reports (797)
- Virginia (469)
- Data (296)
- GIS (232)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (222)
-
- Management (184)
- CCRM GIS Data (172)
- Sediment transport (170)
- Shoreline Inventories (168)
- CTD (167)
- Coastal Hydrodynamics and Sediment Dynamics (CHSD) (167)
- CHSD Presentations (156)
- LISST (150)
- Chesapeake Bay (149)
- Shoreline Studies Program (133)
- Shoreline Management (129)
- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (126)
- Special Reports in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering (SRAMSOE) (126)
- Tides (113)
- CCRM Research and Reports (91)
- ADV (89)
- Cheasapeake Bay (85)
- Tidecal (85)
- Shoreline Inventory Reports (84)
- Ecology (77)
- Wetland (77)
- Legislation (72)
- VIMS Books and Book Chapters (72)
- Newsletter (70)
- Wildlife (70)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects (1876)
- Reports (1105)
- Data (413)
- VIMS Articles (397)
- Arts & Sciences Articles (272)
-
- Presentations (173)
- Miscellaneous (116)
- VIMS Books and Book Chapters (86)
- Undergraduate Honors Theses (76)
- Virginia Wetlands Reports (70)
- Arts & Sciences Book Chapters (9)
- Articles (2)
- Arts & Sciences Open Educational Resources (2)
- Books (1)
- Open Education Resources (OER) (1)
- Richard Bland Faculty Works (1)
- Science Research Symposium (1)
- Undergraduate Research Awards (1)
- Publication Type
- File Type
Articles 481 - 510 of 4602
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Impact Assessment And Management Challenges Of Key Rural Human Health Infrastructure Under Sea Level Rise, Molly Mitchell, Robert Isdell, Julie Herman, Christine Tombleson
Impact Assessment And Management Challenges Of Key Rural Human Health Infrastructure Under Sea Level Rise, Molly Mitchell, Robert Isdell, Julie Herman, Christine Tombleson
VIMS Articles
Accelerating sea level rise in Virginia, United States, will significantly increase the flooding threat to low-lying roads, residences, and critical infrastructure as well as raise the water table, allowing saltwater intrusion into well water and threatening the function of septic fields. Although most of the adaptation work in Virginia has focused on urban economic centers, the majority of the coastline is rural and faces different threats and opportunities to address them compared to urban areas due to their reduced economic assets and their reliance on private infrastructure. In this case study, we assess the potential for geospatially quantifying impact to …
Quantifying Thresholds Of Barrier Geomorphic Change In A Cross-Shore Sediment-Partitioning Model, Daniel J. Ciarletta, Jennifer L. Miselis, Justin L. Shawler, Christopher J. Hein
Quantifying Thresholds Of Barrier Geomorphic Change In A Cross-Shore Sediment-Partitioning Model, Daniel J. Ciarletta, Jennifer L. Miselis, Justin L. Shawler, Christopher J. Hein
VIMS Articles
Barrier coasts, including barrier islands, beach-ridge plains, and associated landforms, can assume a broad spectrum of morphologies over multi-decadal scales that reflect conditions of sediment availability, accommodation, and relative sea-level rise. However, the quantitative thresholds of these controls on barrier-system behavior remain largely unexplored, even as modern sea-level rise and anthropogenic modification of sediment availability increasingly reshape the world's sandy coastlines. In this study, we conceptualize barrier coasts as sediment-partitioning frameworks, distributing sand delivered from the shoreface to the subaqueous and subaerial components of the coastal system. Using an idealized morphodynamic model, we explore thresholds of behavioral and morphologic change …
Development Of The Csomio Coupled Ocean-Oil-Sediment- Biology Model, Dmitry S. Dukhovskoy, Steven L. . Morey, (...), Courtney K. Harris, Et Al
Development Of The Csomio Coupled Ocean-Oil-Sediment- Biology Model, Dmitry S. Dukhovskoy, Steven L. . Morey, (...), Courtney K. Harris, Et Al
VIMS Articles
The fate and dispersal of oil in the ocean is dependent upon ocean dynamics, as well as transformations resulting from the interaction with the microbial community and suspended particles. These interaction processes are parameterized in many models limiting their ability to accurately simulate the fate and dispersal of oil for subsurface oil spill events. This paper presents a coupled ocean-oil-biology-sediment modeling system developed by the Consortium for Simulation of Oil-Microbial Interactions in the Ocean (CSOMIO) project. A key objective of the CSOMIO project was to develop and evaluate a modeling framework for simulating oil in the marine environment, including its …
Water Quality In Accomack County Freshwater Streams 2020, Richard A. Snyder, Paige G. Ross
Water Quality In Accomack County Freshwater Streams 2020, Richard A. Snyder, Paige G. Ross
Reports
Expansion of poultry house operations and use of litter as a soil amendment in Accomack County Virginia has raised concerns for water quality impacts on both seaside and bayside of the Eastern Shore of Virginia (ESVA). This ongoing investigation is examining freshwater stream water quality in Accomack Virginia to identify water quality impairments from poultry operation storm water runoff. Previous sampling data from 2019 has been integrated into this report. Sampling in 2020 followed an extended drought period (base flow) and two inch rainfall events (storm flow) in streams at road crossings in Accomack County Bayside and Seaside drainages. Dissolved …
Surface Water Nitrogen Attenuation From The Accomack County, Va Southern Landfill Groundwater Discharge - Final Report, Richard A. Snyder, Paige G. Ross
Surface Water Nitrogen Attenuation From The Accomack County, Va Southern Landfill Groundwater Discharge - Final Report, Richard A. Snyder, Paige G. Ross
Reports
Previous sampling of the stream crossing Bobtown Road (Rt 178) near the intersection of Hollies Church Road (Rt. 620), had indicated high levels of nitrogen in the stream flow (Snyder and Ross, 2019a). The proximity of the retired Accomack County Landfill upstream of the site triggered a higher resolution sampling of the stream in an attempt to isolate a source of the nitrogen loading (Snyder and Ross, 2019b). Accomack County has requested repeated sampling of this stream segment to monitor nutrient attenuation trends from the site, and stations were established for that purpose. This Final Report provides a summary of …
Different Coastal Marsh Sites Reflect Similar Topographic Conditions Under Which Bare Patches And Vegetation Recovery Occur, Chen Wang, Lennert Schepers, Matthew L. Kirwan, Et Al
Different Coastal Marsh Sites Reflect Similar Topographic Conditions Under Which Bare Patches And Vegetation Recovery Occur, Chen Wang, Lennert Schepers, Matthew L. Kirwan, Et Al
VIMS Articles
The presence of bare patches within otherwise vegetated coastal marshes is sometimes considered to be a symptom of marsh dieback and the subsequent loss of important ecosystem services. Here we studied the topographical conditions determining the presence and revegetation of bare patches in three marsh sites with contrasting tidal range, sediment supply, and plant species: the Scheldt estuary (the Netherlands), Venice lagoon (Italy), and Blackwater marshes (Maryland, USA). Based on GIS (geographic information system) analyses of aerial photos and lidar imagery of high resolution (≤2×2 m pixels), we analyzed the topographic conditions under which bare patches occur, including their surface …
A Regional, Early Spring Bloom Of Phaeocystis Pouchetii On The New England Continental Shelf, Walker O. Smith Jr., Weifeng G. Zhang, Andrew Hirzel, Et Al
A Regional, Early Spring Bloom Of Phaeocystis Pouchetii On The New England Continental Shelf, Walker O. Smith Jr., Weifeng G. Zhang, Andrew Hirzel, Et Al
VIMS Articles
The genus Phaeocystis is distributed globally and has considerable ecological, biogeochemical, and societal impacts. Understanding its distribution, growth and ecological impacts has been limited by lack of extensive observations on appropriate scales. In 2018, we investigated the biological dynamics of the New England continental shelf and encountered a substantial bloom of Phaeocystis pouchetii. Based on satellite imagery during January through April, the bloom extended over broad expanses of the shelf; furthermore, our observations demonstrated that it reached high biomass levels, with maximum chlorophyll concentrations exceeding 16 μg L−1 and particulate organic carbon levels > 95 μmol L−1. Initially, the bloom was …
Coastal Forest Seawater Exposure Increases Stem Methane Concentration, Matthew J. Norwood, Nicholas Ward, (......), Matthew L. Kirwan, Anya Hopple, J. Patrick Megonigal
Coastal Forest Seawater Exposure Increases Stem Methane Concentration, Matthew J. Norwood, Nicholas Ward, (......), Matthew L. Kirwan, Anya Hopple, J. Patrick Megonigal
VIMS Articles
Methane (CH4) exchange between trees and the atmosphere has recently emerged as an important, but poorly quantified process regulating global climate. The sources (soil and/or tree) and mechanisms driving the increase of CH4 in trees and degassing to the atmosphere are inadequately understood, particularly for coastal forests facing increased exposure to seawater. We investigated the eco‐physiological relationship between tree stem wood density, soil and stem oxygen saturation (an indicator of redox state), soil and stem CH4 concentrations, soil and stem carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations, and soil salinity in five forests along the United States …
The Status Of Virginia’S Public Oyster Resource 2020, Melissa Southworth, Roger L. Mann
The Status Of Virginia’S Public Oyster Resource 2020, Melissa Southworth, Roger L. Mann
Reports
The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) monitors recruitment of the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791), annually from late spring through early fall, by deploying spatfall[1] (settlement and recruitment of larval oysters to the post metamorphic form termed spat) collectors (shellstrings) at various sites in three Virginia western Chesapeake Bay tributaries. The survey provides an estimate of a particular area’s potential for receiving a "strike" or settlement (set) of oysters on the bottom and helps describe the timing of recruitment events in a given year. Information obtained from this monitoring effort provides an overview of long-term recruitment …
Monitoring The Abundance Of American Shad And River Herring In Virginia’S Rivers 2020 Annual Report, Eric J. Hilton, Patrick E. Mcgrath, Brian Watkins, Ashleigh Magee
Monitoring The Abundance Of American Shad And River Herring In Virginia’S Rivers 2020 Annual Report, Eric J. Hilton, Patrick E. Mcgrath, Brian Watkins, Ashleigh Magee
Reports
This report describes the results of the twenty-third year of a continuing study to estimate the relative abundance and assess the status of American shad (Alosa sapidissima) stocks in Virginia by monitoring the spawning runs in the James, York and Rappahannock rivers in spring 2020, evaluating hatchery programs, and contributing to coast-wide assessments (ASMFC 2007, ASMFC 2020).
We also report on two fisheryindependent monitoring programs using anchor gillnets in the Rappahannock River (year 3) and the Chickahominy River (year 6; a major tributary of the James River), to determine relative abundance and stock structure for the adult spawning run of …
Effects Of Reduced Shoreline Erosion On Chesapeake Bay Water Clarity, Jessica S. Turner, Pierre St-Laurent, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Carl T. Friedrichs
Effects Of Reduced Shoreline Erosion On Chesapeake Bay Water Clarity, Jessica S. Turner, Pierre St-Laurent, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Carl T. Friedrichs
VIMS Articles
Shoreline erosion supplies sediments to estuaries and coastal waters, influencing water clarity and primary production. Globally, shoreline erosion sediment inputs are changing with anthropogenic alteration of coastlines in populated regions. Chesapeake Bay, a prime example of such a system where shoreline erosion accounts for a large proportion of sediments entering the estuary, serves here as a case study for investigating the effects of changing sediment inputs on water clarity. Long-term increases in shoreline armoring have contributed to decreased erosional sediment inputs to the estuary, changing the composition of suspended particles in surface waters. This study examined the impact of shoreline …
2021 Wachapreague Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
2021 Wachapreague Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Miscellaneous
No abstract provided.
2021 Hampton Roads Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
2021 Hampton Roads Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Miscellaneous
No abstract provided.
2021 Gloucester Point Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
2021 Gloucester Point Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Miscellaneous
No abstract provided.
2021 Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
2021 Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science
Miscellaneous
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Coastal Landform Development On Decadal- To Millennial-Scale Longshore Sediment Fluxes: Evidence From The Holocene Evolution Of The Central Mid-Atlantic Coast, Usa - Sediment Core And Chronology Data, Justin L. Shawler, Christopher J. Hein, Chloe Obara, Mahina Robbins, Jennifer E. Connell, Sebastien Huot, Michael Fenster
The Effect Of Coastal Landform Development On Decadal- To Millennial-Scale Longshore Sediment Fluxes: Evidence From The Holocene Evolution Of The Central Mid-Atlantic Coast, Usa - Sediment Core And Chronology Data, Justin L. Shawler, Christopher J. Hein, Chloe Obara, Mahina Robbins, Jennifer E. Connell, Sebastien Huot, Michael Fenster
Data
These data are sediment core, radiocarbon, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) data from the barrier islands and backbarrier lagoons, bays, and marshes of Assateague Island (VA, USA), Chincoteague Island (VA, USA), and Wallops Island (VA, USA). Vibracore data from Tom’s Cove, a backbarrier bay, were collected using a vibracore system with the ability to core through a ‘moonhole’ on a flat bottom boat. Geoprobe cores were collected using a track-mounted 66DT Geoprobe direct-push drill rig. Select samples from the sediment cores (associated with figures and tables in Shawler et al., 2021) were analyzed using a Beckman-Coulter Laser Diffraction Particle Size …
Nitrogen Reductions Have Decreased Hypoxia In The Chesapeake Bay: Evidence From Empirical And Numerical Modeling : Data Repository, Luke T. Frankel, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs
Nitrogen Reductions Have Decreased Hypoxia In The Chesapeake Bay: Evidence From Empirical And Numerical Modeling : Data Repository, Luke T. Frankel, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs
Data
This data repository is a permanent archive of the results presented in the associated publication: Frankel et al., 2022, Nitrogen reductions have decreased hypoxia in the Chesapeake Bay: Evidence from empirical and numerical modeling, Science of the Total Environment, accepted for publication in December 2021.
Coastal Virginia Social Vulnerability Index At The Block Group Level, Sarah Stafford, Schyler Vander Schaaf
Coastal Virginia Social Vulnerability Index At The Block Group Level, Sarah Stafford, Schyler Vander Schaaf
Data
Following other social vulnerability indexes, including the SoVI® developed by the Hazards & Vulnerability Research Institute at the University of South Carolina, this vulnerability index is based on a principal component analysis (PCA). PCA is a statistical technique that takes as its input a matrix of interrelated socioeconomic variables – in this case those considered to measure various dimensions of social vulnerability – and creates a new set of orthogonal principal components that extract the important variation the underlying input data while reducing the noise and redundancy in the data. After conducting the PCA, the researcher combines the newly created …
Living Shorelines Achieve Functional Equivalence To Natural Fringe Marshes Across Multiple Ecological Metrics, Robert Isdell, Donna M. Bilkovic, Amanda Guthrie, Molly Mitchell, Randolph M. Chambers, Matthias Leu, Carl Hershner
Living Shorelines Achieve Functional Equivalence To Natural Fringe Marshes Across Multiple Ecological Metrics, Robert Isdell, Donna M. Bilkovic, Amanda Guthrie, Molly Mitchell, Randolph M. Chambers, Matthias Leu, Carl Hershner
VIMS Articles
Nature-based shoreline protection provides a welcome class of adaptations to promote ecological resilience in the face of climate change. Along coastlines, living shorelines are among the preferred adaptation strategies to both reduce erosion and provide ecological functions. As an alternative to shoreline armoring, living shorelines are viewed favorably among coastal managers and some private property owners, but they have yet to undergo a thorough examination of how their levels of ecosystem functions compare to their closest natural counterpart: fringing marshes. Here, we provide a synthesis of results from a multi-year, large-spatial-scale study in which we compared numerous ecological metrics (including …
The Effect Of Coastal Landform Development On Decadal-To Millennial-Scale Longshore Sediment Fluxes: Evidence From The Holocene Evolution Of The Central Mid-Atlantic Coast, Usa, Justin L. Shawler, Christopher J. Hein, Chloe A. Obara, Mahina G. Robbins, Sebastien Huot, Michael S. Fenster
The Effect Of Coastal Landform Development On Decadal-To Millennial-Scale Longshore Sediment Fluxes: Evidence From The Holocene Evolution Of The Central Mid-Atlantic Coast, Usa, Justin L. Shawler, Christopher J. Hein, Chloe A. Obara, Mahina G. Robbins, Sebastien Huot, Michael S. Fenster
VIMS Articles
The behavior of siliciclastic coastal systems is largely controlled by the interplay between accommodation creation and infilling. Factors responsible for altering sediment fluxes to and along open-ocean coasts include cross-shore mobilization of sediment primarily from tidal currents and storms as well as changes in alongshore transport rates moderated by changing wave conditions, river sediment inputs, artificial shoreline hardening and modification, and natural sediment trapping in updrift coastal landforms. This paper focuses on the latter relationships. To address understudied interactions between updrift coastal landforms and downdrift coastal behavior, we quantify the volume and fluxes of sediment trapped in the Assateague-Chincoteague-Wallops barrier-island …
Astronomical Tide And Storm Surge Signals Observed In An Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near The Coast, M. Li, C. Li, L. Xie, Wei Huang, Q. Zheng, K. Tan, Y. Hong
Astronomical Tide And Storm Surge Signals Observed In An Isolated Inland Maar Lake Near The Coast, M. Li, C. Li, L. Xie, Wei Huang, Q. Zheng, K. Tan, Y. Hong
VIMS Articles
Aimed at the explanation of clear tidal signal and storm surge signals in a closed inland lake near the coast (the Huguangyan Lake), this work uses a combined approach with observations and model experiments. Huguangyan Lake is a closed inland freshwater coneless volcanic crater lake near the coast in tropical southern China, less than 5 km from an estuary. It has a diameter of about 1.5 km and relatively deep water of up to 20 m. Bottom pressure was measured from an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) for 10 days in September 2018 and 10 days in January 2019. The …
Advancing Estuarine Ecological Forecasts: Seasonal Hypoxia In Chesapeake Bay, Donald Scavia, Isabella Bertani, (...), Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Et Al
Advancing Estuarine Ecological Forecasts: Seasonal Hypoxia In Chesapeake Bay, Donald Scavia, Isabella Bertani, (...), Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Et Al
VIMS Articles
Ecological forecasts are quantitative tools that can guide ecosystem management. The coemergence of extensive environmental monitoring and quantitative frameworks allows for widespread development and continued improvement of ecological forecasting systems. We use a relatively simple estuarine hypoxia model to demonstrate advances in addressing some of the most critical challenges and opportunities of contemporary ecological forecasting, including predictive accuracy, uncertainty characterization, and management relevance. We explore the impacts of different combinations of forecast metrics, drivers, and driver time windows on predictive performance. We also incorporate multiple sets of state-variable observations from different sources and separately quantify model prediction error and measurement …
Molluscan Aminostratigraphy Of The Us Mid-Atlantic Quaternary Coastal System: Implications For Onshore-Offshore Correlation, Paleochannel And Barrier Island Evolution, And Local Late Quaternary Sea-Level History, John F. Wehmiller, Laura L. Brothers, (...), Christopher J. Hein, Justin L. Shawler
Molluscan Aminostratigraphy Of The Us Mid-Atlantic Quaternary Coastal System: Implications For Onshore-Offshore Correlation, Paleochannel And Barrier Island Evolution, And Local Late Quaternary Sea-Level History, John F. Wehmiller, Laura L. Brothers, (...), Christopher J. Hein, Justin L. Shawler
VIMS Articles
The Quaternary record of the US Mid-Atlantic coastal system includes onshore emergent late Pleistocene shoreline deposits, offshore inner shelf and barrier island units, and paleovalleys formed during multiple glacial stage sea-level lowstands. The geochronology of this coastal system is based on uranium series, radiocarbon, amino acid racemization (AAR), and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) methods. We report over 600 mollusk AAR results from 93 sites between northeastern North Carolina and the central New Jersey shelf, representing samples from both onshore cores or outcrops, sub-barrier and offshore cores, and transported shells from barrier island beaches. AAR age estimates are constrained by paired …
Coastal Setting Determines Tidal Marsh Sustainability With Accelerating Sea-Level Rise, Karinna Nunez, Yinglong J. Zhang, Donna M. Bilkovic, Carl Hershner
Coastal Setting Determines Tidal Marsh Sustainability With Accelerating Sea-Level Rise, Karinna Nunez, Yinglong J. Zhang, Donna M. Bilkovic, Carl Hershner
VIMS Articles
There is an increasing concern over how accelerated rates of sea-level rise (SLR) will impact tidal marsh ecosystems. The present study evaluates the potential impacts of SLR on marsh sustainability using the Tidal Marsh Model (TMM) with the addition of a new vegetation algorithm within the SCHISM (Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated System Model) framework. This new functionality contributes to an improved understanding of how vegetation affects the mean flow velocity and turbulence, and consequently, the sedimentation processes. Using two SLR scenarios (intermediate and extreme SLR rates), we projected the changes in marsh extent over the next 50 years in two …
Particulate Organic Matter Distributions In The Water Column Of The Chukchi Sea During Late Summer, Miguel A. Goni, Lauren W. Juranek, Rachel E. Sipler, Kylie A. Welch
Particulate Organic Matter Distributions In The Water Column Of The Chukchi Sea During Late Summer, Miguel A. Goni, Lauren W. Juranek, Rachel E. Sipler, Kylie A. Welch
VIMS Articles
We investigated the distribution and composition of particulate organic matter in waters from the northeast Chukchi Sea during two late summer periods (September 2016 and August 2017). During both cruises we measured a variety of properties (salinity, temperature, density, chlorophyll fluorescence and particle beam attenuation). We also collected individual water samples from specific depths and measured the concentrations of suspended particulate matter, particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, chlorophyll-a and pheophytin (a chlorophyll degradation product). These measurements revealed highly stratified conditions throughout the study area, with surface waters exhibiting relatively low particle and biomass concentrations, middepth waters with well-defined subsurface chlorophyll …
Mechanisms Of Pond Expansion In A Rapidly Submerging Marsh, Joshua Himmelstein, Orencio Duran Vinent, Stijn Temmerman, Matthew L. Kirwan
Mechanisms Of Pond Expansion In A Rapidly Submerging Marsh, Joshua Himmelstein, Orencio Duran Vinent, Stijn Temmerman, Matthew L. Kirwan
VIMS Articles
The development and expansion of ponds within otherwise vegetated coastal marshes is a primary driver of marsh loss throughout the world. Previous studies propose that large ponds expand through a wind wave-driven positive feedback, where pond edge erosion rates increase with pond size, whereas biochemical processes control the formation and expansion of smaller ponds. However, it remains unclear which mechanisms dominate at a given scale, and thus how, and how fast, ponds increase their size. Here, we use historical photographs and field measurements in a rapidly submerging microtidal marsh to quantify pond development and identify the processes involved. We find …
Seasonal Variations And Driving Factors Of The Eastern Maine Coastal Current, Denghui Li, Zhengui Wang, Huijie Xue, Et Al
Seasonal Variations And Driving Factors Of The Eastern Maine Coastal Current, Denghui Li, Zhengui Wang, Huijie Xue, Et Al
VIMS Articles
To investigate the coastal current in the Gulf of Maine (GoME) and its relation to forcing from outside of the gulf, a high-resolution circulation model was developed and validated. Our model shows that the Eastern Maine Coastal Current (EMCC) possesses two cores, an offshore and a nearshore core that peak in summer and spring, respectively. The two cores can be traced back to outflows from the Bay of Fundy from opposite sides of Grand Manan Island, and both cores are deeper and slightly more onshore in summer and fall in response to tidal mixing, surface thermal stratification and wind. The …
Evaluation Of A Rapid Biosensor Tool For Measuring Pah Availability In Petroleum-Impacted Sediment, Jason Conder, Mehregan Jalalizadeh, (...), Michael A. Unger
Evaluation Of A Rapid Biosensor Tool For Measuring Pah Availability In Petroleum-Impacted Sediment, Jason Conder, Mehregan Jalalizadeh, (...), Michael A. Unger
VIMS Articles
Decades of research have shown that the concentration of freely dissolved PAH (Cfree) in sediment correlates with PAH bioavailability and toxicity to aquatic organisms. Passive sampling techniques and models have been used for measuring and predicting Cfree, respectively, but these techniques require weeks for analytical chemical measurements and data evaluation. This study evaluated the performance of a portable, field-deployable antibody-based PAH biosensor method that can provide measurements of PAH Cfree within a matter of minutes using a small volume of mechanically-extracted sediment porewater. Four sediments with a wide range of PAHs (ΣPAH 2.4 to 307 …
Revisiting The Ocean Color Algorithms For Particulate Organic Carbon And Chlorophyll-A Concentrations In The Ross Sea, Shuangling Chen, Walker O. Smith Jr., Xiaolei Yu
Revisiting The Ocean Color Algorithms For Particulate Organic Carbon And Chlorophyll-A Concentrations In The Ross Sea, Shuangling Chen, Walker O. Smith Jr., Xiaolei Yu
VIMS Articles
The Ross Sea is the most productive marginal sea in the Southern Ocean and plays an important role in carbon cycling. However, limited sampling of Chlorophyll-a (Chl) and particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations from research expeditions constrains our understanding of the biogeochemical processes there. Satellites provide a useful tool for synoptic mapping of surface water properties on regional and global scales, yet the general applicability of the published algorithms in the Ross Sea is poorly known. Based on the data collected from 18 cruises in the past 20 years, we analyzed both the NASA standard and locally developed Chl and …
Biophysical Controls Of Marsh Soil Shear Strength Along An Estuarine Salinity Gradient, Megan N. Gillen, Tyler C. Messerschmidt, Matthew L. Kirwan
Biophysical Controls Of Marsh Soil Shear Strength Along An Estuarine Salinity Gradient, Megan N. Gillen, Tyler C. Messerschmidt, Matthew L. Kirwan
VIMS Articles
Sea-level rise, saltwater intrusion, and wave erosion threaten coastal marshes, but the influence of salinity on marsh erodibility remains poorly understood. We measured the shear strength of marsh soils along a salinity and biodiversity gradient in the York River estuary in Virginia to assess the direct and indirect im-pacts of salinity on potential marsh erodibility. We found that soil shear strength was higher in monospecific salt marshes (5–36 kPa) than in biodiverse freshwater marshes (4–8 kPa), likely driven by differences in below ground biomass. However, we also found that shear strength at the marsh edge was controlled by sediment characteristics, …