Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

William & Mary

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 901 - 930 of 4602

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Institutionalizing Resilience In U.S. Universities: Prospects, Opportunities, And Models, Morris Foster, James O’Donnell, Mark Luckenbach, Elizabeth Andrews, Emily Steinhilber, John Wells, Mark Davis Jan 2018

Institutionalizing Resilience In U.S. Universities: Prospects, Opportunities, And Models, Morris Foster, James O’Donnell, Mark Luckenbach, Elizabeth Andrews, Emily Steinhilber, John Wells, Mark Davis

VIMS Articles

The United States is taking a largely region-specific approach to addressing challenges posed by climate change, in contrast with national and international approaches in most of the rest of the world. In locations such as Hampton Roads,New Orleans, and coastal Connecticut, the impacts of climate change tend to be addressed as they become locally evident rather than as part of a larger anticipatory national plan. Given that regional focus, universities can play a unique role in how the United States responds to the challenges of a changing climate.

Go to article

Arlington County, Virginia - Shoreline Inventory Report: Methods And Guidelines, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Arlington County, Virginia - Shoreline Inventory Report: Methods And Guidelines, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Carl Hershner

Reports

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Gis Data: New Kent County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Gis Data: New Kent County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl Hershner

Data

The 2018 Inventory for New Kent County was generated using on-screen, digitizing techniques in ArcGIS® -ArcMap v10.4.1while viewing conditions observed in Bing high resolution oblique imagery, Google Earth, and2017imagery from the Virginia Base Mapping Program (VBMP).Four GIS shapefiles are developed. The first describes land use and bank conditions (New_Kent_lubc_2018). The second portrays the presence of beaches (New_Kent_beaches_2018). The third reports shoreline structures that are described as arcs or lines(e.g. riprap)(New_Kent_sstru_2018). The final shapefile includes all structures that are represented as points(e.g. piers)(New_Kent_astru_2018).The metadata file accompanies the shapefiles and defines attribute accuracy, data development, and any use restrictions that pertain to …

Go to article

Gis Data: Caroline County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon A. Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl H. Hershner Jan 2018

Gis Data: Caroline County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon A. Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl H. Hershner

Data

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Gis Data: Caroline County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Gis Data: Caroline County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl Hershner

Data

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Gis Data: Richmond County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Kory Angstadt, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Gis Data: Richmond County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Kory Angstadt, Carl Hershner

Data

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Gis Data: Richmond County, Virginia Shoreline Management Model, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Kory Angstadt, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Gis Data: Richmond County, Virginia Shoreline Management Model, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Kory Angstadt, Carl Hershner

Data

The Shoreline Management Model is a GIS spatial model that determines appropriate shoreline best management practices using available spatial data and decision tree logic. Available shoreline conditions used in the model include the presence or absence of tidal marshes, beaches, and forested riparian buffers, bank vegetation cover, bank height, wave exposure (fetch), nearshore water depth, and proximity of coastal development to the shoreline. The model output for shoreline best management practices is displayed in the locality Comprehensive Map Viewer. One GIS shapefile is developed that describes two arcs or lines representing practices in the upland area and practices at the …

Go to article

Beach-Ridge Sedimentology As An Archive Of Terrestrial Climate Change: Insights From Geochemical And Stratigraphic Study Of The Tijucas Strandplain, Southern Brazil, Julie Lauren Krask Jan 2018

Beach-Ridge Sedimentology As An Archive Of Terrestrial Climate Change: Insights From Geochemical And Stratigraphic Study Of The Tijucas Strandplain, Southern Brazil, Julie Lauren Krask

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Millennial-scale variations in climate forcing are recognized to drive changes in terrestrial processes, and, by extension, impart controls on fluvial sediment loads (e.g., weathering and erosion). However, the impact of decadal- to centennial- scale climate fluctuations on downstream coastal sedimentation patterns and landscape evolution remains unclear. Specifically, the connection between long-term (decades or more) precipitation intensity/seasonality and sediment export from river systems has not been established. This study examines the manner in which sub-millennial-scale fluctuations in precipitation within a river catchment in southern Brazil are recorded in a coastal sedimentary archive. The 5-km wide Tijucas Strandplain formed over the last …

Go to article

Applications Of Lattice Qcd To Hadronic Cp Violation, David Brantley Jan 2018

Applications Of Lattice Qcd To Hadronic Cp Violation, David Brantley

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Experimental tests of the Standard Model are reaching a precision in which they are probing beyond Standard Model parameter spaces. Increasingly precise experimental tests of the Standard Model (SM) require a concurrent theoretical push to provide ever more precise predictions to interpret experimental results. For example, future direct dark matter detection experiments, searches for Majorana neutrinos, and neutron electric dipole moment searches, all require a fundamental understanding of nuclear physics in the low-energy regime. Nuclear physics emerges from non-perturbative dynamics of the fundamental theory of the strong interaction, QCD, at low energies. Lattice QCD is currently our only systematically controllable …

Go to article

Monitoring Infection Of E. Coli By Bacteriophage T7 Through Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics, Amy Swayne Schienschang Jan 2018

Monitoring Infection Of E. Coli By Bacteriophage T7 Through Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics, Amy Swayne Schienschang

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has become an important and versatile tool in analytical chemistry, making sense of complex biological samples and shedding light on the intricate proteomes of living organisms. Bottom-up proteomics studies are used to elucidate the changes in gene expression of bacteriophage T7 over the course of infection of Escherichia coli. E. coli cultures were infected with T7, sampled over time, and proteins were isolated and enzymatically digested. Nanoflow liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry was used to detect proteolytic peptides and identify host and phage proteins. Generally, phage proteins were detected on a time scale fitting the …

Go to article

Summary Tables: 2018 Caroline County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Summary Tables: 2018 Caroline County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl Hershner

Reports

The Shoreline Inventory Summary Tables quantify observed conditions based on river systems, such as the combined length of linear features (e.g. shoreline miles surveyed, miles of bulkhead and revetment), the total number of point features (e.g. docks, boathouses, boat ramps) & total acres of polygon features (tidal marshes).

Go to article

Consumption Patterns Of Chesapeake Bay Fishes, Christopher James Sweetman Jan 2018

Consumption Patterns Of Chesapeake Bay Fishes, Christopher James Sweetman

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

As fisheries management moves away from single-species approaches and towards more holistic, ecosystem-based approaches, physiological and ecological interactions need to be explicitly considered and mechanistically understood. Accurate portrayals of food web interactions and the direction and magnitude of energy flow between predator and prey populations are fundamental components to further develop ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM). to bolster information that is required within an EBFM framework in the Chesapeake Bay, I conducted research designed to advance traditional dietary studies and better understand the form and structure within the Bay's food web. This research relied on controlled feeding experiments, comprehensive sampling of …

Go to article

Crab Larval Abundance And Settlement Patterns In A Changing Chesapeake Bay, Itchika Sivaipram Jan 2018

Crab Larval Abundance And Settlement Patterns In A Changing Chesapeake Bay, Itchika Sivaipram

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

All estuarine crabs have two larval stages, the zoea and the megalopa. Zoeae are entirely planktonic, whereas megalopae begin as plankton before beginning to search for settlement substrates as late stage megalopae. At both stages, crab larvae are subject to environmental conditions of the estuary. With changing environmental conditions due to anthropogenic activities and climate change, an understanding of how these planktonic larvae respond to environmental conditions is necessary for understanding subsequent larval supply to benthic populations and implication for fisheries management and habitat restoration. For this dissertation, I: 1) analyzed long-term timeseries in the lower Chesapeake Bay for spatial …

Go to article

Mixed-Weight Open Locating-Dominating Sets, Robin M. Givens Jan 2018

Mixed-Weight Open Locating-Dominating Sets, Robin M. Givens

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The detection and location of issues in a network is a common problem encompassing a wide variety of research areas. Location-detection problems have been studied for wireless sensor networks and environmental monitoring, microprocessor fault detection, public utility contamination, and finding intruders in buildings. Modeling these systems as a graph, we want to find the smallest subset of nodes that, when sensors are placed at those locations, can detect and locate any anomalies that arise. One type of set that solves this problem is the open locating-dominating set (OLD-set), a set of nodes that forms a unique and nonempty neighborhood with …

Go to article

Radiation Shielding Bricks For Mars Using Martian Regolith Simulant And Hydrogen-Rich Polymers, Sara Sargent Jan 2018

Radiation Shielding Bricks For Mars Using Martian Regolith Simulant And Hydrogen-Rich Polymers, Sara Sargent

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Radiation shielding materials are an essential component of long-term space travel and habitation. The mission to Mars will require a radiation shielding material that can be produced on Mars through energy and cost-efficient means. in this study, Martian regolith simulant and hydrogen-rich polymers are used to create a radiation shielding material in the form of bricks. The bricks are capable of shielding against galactic cosmic radiation on Mars. There are three methods in which the bricks were formed: 1) a heated press, 2) a microwave oven in a CO2 atmosphere, and 3) a vacuum oven with a low CO2 pressure. …

Go to article

Automating Software Development For Mobile Computing Platforms, Kevin Patrick Moran Jan 2018

Automating Software Development For Mobile Computing Platforms, Kevin Patrick Moran

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets have become ubiquitous in today's computing landscape. These devices have ushered in entirely new populations of users, and mobile operating systems are now outpacing more traditional "desktop" systems in terms of market share. The applications that run on these mobile devices (often referred to as "apps") have become a primary means of computing for millions of users and, as such, have garnered immense developer interest. These apps allow for unique, personal software experiences through touch-based UIs and a complex assortment of sensors. However, designing and implementing high quality mobile apps can be a …

Go to article

Development Of A One Pot [4+2]/R[4+2] 2-Pyridone Synthesis And The Fluorescence Of 2-Pyridone Azafluorenones, Nicholas Angello Jan 2018

Development Of A One Pot [4+2]/R[4+2] 2-Pyridone Synthesis And The Fluorescence Of 2-Pyridone Azafluorenones, Nicholas Angello

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

We report the concise synthesis of several tricyclic 2-pyridones via a one pot sequence involving an aldol condensation, alkene isomerization, intramolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition, and selective retro-Diels-Alder cycloreversion. The starting materials are synthesized in one step from cheap and commercially available precursors. The intermediate [2.2.2]diazabicycloalkene cycloadducts can be isolated. The retro-Diels-Alder occurs at easily accessible temperatures due to base acceleration. Simple derivatization of the tricyclic products afforded azafluorenones with unprecedented fluorescent activity due to the pyridone motif.

Go to article

Developing Efficient High-Order Transport Schemes For Cross-Scale Coupled Estuary-Ocean Modeling, Fei Ye Jan 2018

Developing Efficient High-Order Transport Schemes For Cross-Scale Coupled Estuary-Ocean Modeling, Fei Ye

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD) models have progressed greatly in simulating the world’s oceans and estuaries in the past three decades, thanks to the development of novel numerical algorithms and the advent of massively parallel high-performance computing platforms. Study of inter-related processes on multi-scales (e.g., between large-scale (remote) processes and small-scale (local) processes) has always been an important theme for GFD modeling. For this purpose, models based on unstructured-grid (UG) have shown great potential because of their superior abilities in enabling multi-resolution and in fitting geometry and boundary. Despite UG models’ successful applications on coastal systems, significant obstacles still exist that …

Go to article

The Development And Proliferation Of Summer Algal Blooms In The Oligo/Poly-Haline Portion Of The Chesapeake Bay - Observational And Numerical Modeling Studies, Zhengui Wang Jan 2018

The Development And Proliferation Of Summer Algal Blooms In The Oligo/Poly-Haline Portion Of The Chesapeake Bay - Observational And Numerical Modeling Studies, Zhengui Wang

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Algal blooms occur annually in many parts of the Chesapeake Bay. The causes of algal blooms are complex and can be different in different regions. In this study, we will conduct data analysis for the observed data and adopt various methods to investigate algal bloom phenomenon in three separate regions in the oligo/poly-haline portion of the Bay. Chapter 1 provides a general introduction of the algal bloom research in the Chesapeake Bay. In Chapter 2, an observational analysis and a numerical study on the algal blooms in Back River were conducted. A hypothesis was made that high pH can trigger …

Go to article

Charge Dynamics In The Metallic And Superconducting States Of The Electron-Doped 122-Type Iron Arsenides, Zhen Xing Jan 2018

Charge Dynamics In The Metallic And Superconducting States Of The Electron-Doped 122-Type Iron Arsenides, Zhen Xing

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Understanding charge dynamics and the origin of superconductivity in iron-based materials is one of the most important topics in condensed matter physics. Among different structures of iron-based materials, 122-type iron arsenides are of considerable interest due to their diverse phase diagrams, relatively high superconducting transition temperatures, and the availability of high quality single crystals. In this dissertation, we study temperature and frequency dependence of charge dynamics of the electron-doped 122-type iron arsenides in the metallic and superconducting states using broadband infrared spectroscopy at cryogenic temperatures. We have investigated the charge dynamics and the nature of many-body interactions in metallic La- …

Go to article

Enhancing Usability, Security, And Performance In Mobile Computing, Shanhe Yi Jan 2018

Enhancing Usability, Security, And Performance In Mobile Computing, Shanhe Yi

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

We have witnessed the prevalence of smart devices in every aspect of human life. However, the ever-growing smart devices present significant challenges in terms of usability, security, and performance. First, we need to design new interfaces to improve the device usability which has been neglected during the rapid shift from hand-held mobile devices to wearables. Second, we need to protect smart devices with abundant private data against unauthorized users. Last, new applications with compute-intensive tasks demand the integration of emerging mobile backend infrastructure. This dissertation focuses on addressing these challenges. First, we present GlassGesture, a system that improves the usability …

Go to article

Gis Data: Richmond County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Kory Angstadt, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Gis Data: Richmond County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Kory Angstadt, Carl Hershner

Data

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Gis Data: Arlington County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie Bradshaw, Carl Herschner Jan 2018

Gis Data: Arlington County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory Report, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie Bradshaw, Carl Herschner

Data

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Assessing The Impact Of Land Use And Climate Change On Streamflow And Nutrient Delivery To The New River Estuary, Nc, Shanna Williamson Jan 2018

Assessing The Impact Of Land Use And Climate Change On Streamflow And Nutrient Delivery To The New River Estuary, Nc, Shanna Williamson

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Freshwater inflow influences numerous physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of estuaries. The influx of freshwater to an estuary typically serves as an important source of allochthonous material from which primary producers derive their energy and transfer this energy to higher trophic levels. Any changes to freshwater flow subsequently impacts nutrient delivery and indirectly impacts organisms across multiple trophic levels. Anthropogenic changes to coastal land use and climate both act to threaten the integrity of estuarine systems by influencing freshwater inflow and dissolved nutrient input. Watershed loading models such as the Regional Nutrient Management (ReNuMa) model offer the ability to estimate …

Go to article

Characterizing The Biological Impacts And Human Dimensions Of The U.S. East Coast Recreational Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Fishery, William Morris Goldsmith Jan 2018

Characterizing The Biological Impacts And Human Dimensions Of The U.S. East Coast Recreational Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Fishery, William Morris Goldsmith

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are targeted by recreational anglers along the east coast of the United States, and the fishery is thought to be of considerable economic value. However, limited knowledge of the preferences and values of fishery participants impedes the ability of managers to maximize fishery benefits and predict harvest patterns, while an incomplete understanding of post-release mortality hinders efforts to estimate total mortality resulting from the fishery. This dissertation used a multidisciplinary approach that relied heavily on cooperative research with the recreational fishing community to examine these questions. A stated choice survey of private anglers permitted to …

Go to article

Impacts Of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition And Coastal Nitrogen Fluxes On Chesapeake Bay Hypoxia, Fei Da Jan 2018

Impacts Of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition And Coastal Nitrogen Fluxes On Chesapeake Bay Hypoxia, Fei Da

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Although rivers are the primary source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) inputs to the Chesapeake Bay, direct atmospheric DIN deposition and DIN fluxes from the continental shelf can also significantly impact Chesapeake Bay hypoxia. The relative role of these additional sources of DIN has not previously been thoroughly quantified. In this study, the three-dimensional Estuarine-Carbon-Biogeochemistry model embedded in the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ChesROMS-ECB) is used to examine the relative impact of these three DIN sources. Model simulations highlight that DIN inputs from the atmosphere have roughly the same impact on hypoxia as the same gram for gram change in …

Go to article

A Model Archive For A Coupled Hydrodynamic-Sediment Transport-Biogeochemistry Model For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Usa, Julia Moriarty, Courtney K. Harris, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Katja Fennel, Kehui Xu Jan 2018

A Model Archive For A Coupled Hydrodynamic-Sediment Transport-Biogeochemistry Model For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Usa, Julia Moriarty, Courtney K. Harris, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Katja Fennel, Kehui Xu

Data

Spatial Information: 27.4-30.3°N, -94.6 - -87.8 °W; Louisiana continental shelf, Northern Gulf of Mexico, USA

Go to article

Gis Data: Essex County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, David Stanhope, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Gis Data: Essex County, Virginia Tidal Marsh Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, David Stanhope, Carl Hershner

Data

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Gis Data: Essex County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, David Stanhope, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Gis Data: Essex County, Virginia Shoreline Inventory, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, David Stanhope, Carl Hershner

Data

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Gis Data: New Kent County, Virginia Shoreline Management Model, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl Hershner Jan 2018

Gis Data: New Kent County, Virginia Shoreline Management Model, Marcia Berman, Karinna Nunez, Sharon Killeen, Tamia Rudnicky, Julie G. Bradshaw, Jessica Hendricks, Carl Hershner

Data

The Shoreline Management Model is a GIS spatial model that determines appropriate shoreline best management practices using available spatial data and decision tree logic. Available shoreline conditions used in the model include the presence or absence of tidal marshes, beaches, and forested riparian buffers, bank vegetation cover, bank height, wave exposure (fetch), nearshore water depth, and proximity of coastal development to the shoreline. The model output for shoreline best management practices is displayed in the locality Comprehensive Map Viewer. One GIS shapefile is developed that describes two arcs or lines representing practices in the upland area and practices at the …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last