Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Electrochemical Oxidation Of Ethanol In Ionic Liquids And Its Possible Use In Fuel Cells, Ashley M. Mason

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Electrochemical properties of EtOH in EMImBF4 ionic liquid were investigated and compared to the electrochemical properties of EtOH in 0.1M HClO4/H2O. As was shown earlier, oxidation of EtOH in HClO4/H2O involves formation of PtO on the electrode surface, which makes the electrode poisoned. We have found that the best procedure for removal of PtO from the Pt electrode is heating the electrode in concentrated H2SO4. Cyclic voltammograms obtained after cleaning several Pt electrodes conforms that this treatment gives clean Pt electrodes without any PtO. Electrochemical oxidation of EtOH in EMImBF4 ionic liquid show that is poisoning of Pt electrode by …

A Novel Synergistic Diagnosis Methodology For Identifying Abnormalities In Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Videos, Alexandros Karargyris

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Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) is a new technology that allows medical personnel to view the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa. It is a swallowable miniature capsule device the size of a pill that transmits thousands of screenshots of the digestive tract to a wearable receiver. When the procedure finishes the video is uploaded to a workstation for viewing. Capsule Endoscopy has been established as a tool to identify various gastrointestinal (GI) conditions, such as blood-based abnormalities, polyps, ulcers, Crohn's disease in the small intestine, where the classical endoscopy is not regularly used.

As of 2009 the market is dominated by Given Imaging …

Skeletal Pathology Of Tibiotarsi In Chick Embryos Exposed To Platinum Group Metals By Micro-Raman Spectroscopy, Jennifer L. Monahan

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Platinum group metals (PGMs) have been shown to accumulate in various tissues of organisms but their toxicity is not well-known. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique that enables direct and non-destructive chemical characterization of bone tissues. PGMs were injected into chick embryos in the following concentrations: 0.1, 1.0, 5.0, or 10.0 ppm solutions of Pt^(IV), Rh^(III), Pd^(II) or PGMs mixtures (0.1 ppm or 1.0 ppm of each metal). The micro-Raman maps recorded on the paraffin embedded tibiotarsus cross-sections showed significant changes in the chemical composition and structure of the bone tissue as a result …

Semantic Provenance: Modeling, Querying, And Application In Scientific Discovery, Satya Sanket Sahoo

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Provenance metadata, describing the history or lineage of an entity, is essential for ensuring data quality, correctness of process execution, and computing trust values. Traditionally, provenance management issues have been dealt with in the context of workflow or relational database systems. However, existing provenance systems are inadequate to address the requirements of an emerging set of applications in the new eScience or Cyberinfrastructure paradigm and the Semantic Web. Provenance in these applications incorporates complex domain semantics on a large scale with a variety of uses, including accurate interpretation by software agents, trustworthy data integration, reproducibility, attribution for commercial or legal …

Understanding User-Generated Content On Social Media, Bala Meenakshi Nagarajan

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Over the last few years, there has been a growing public and enterprise fascination with 'social media' and its role in modern society. At the heart of this fascination is the ability for users to participate, collaborate, consume, create and share content via a variety of platforms such as blogs, micro-blogs, email, instant messaging services, social network services, collaborative wikis, social bookmarking sites, and multimedia sharing sites.

This dissertation is devoted to understanding informal user-generated textual content on social media platforms and using the results of the analysis to build Social Intelligence Applications.

The body of research presented in this …

Temperature And Ph Responsive Polyethylenimine Systems As Potential Nonviral Gene Vectors, S. Chad Skidmore

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Modified HPEI was used to determine if the LCST could be controlled by varying multiple variables, including: percent modification, pH, salt solution concentration, and weight percent. Two modifications were done with butylene oxide (Butox) and isobutyryl amide (IBAm). Specifically, 100% (HPEI-Butox1.00)butoxylated and 10% (HPEI-IBAm0.10), 54% (HPEI-IBAm0.54), and 70% (HPEI-IBAm0.70) amidated samples were synthesized. Additionally, HPEI-IBAm0.54 was further modified with hydroxyl ethyl groups (HPEI-IBAm0.54 Eox0.46) and ethyl groups (HPEI-IBAm0.54-Et0.44). The LCSTs of all amidated systems were below body temperature, 37 °C, at pH = 7.4. This indicates an ability of these systems to be used as a vector for gene delivery. …

Experimental Comparison Of Acr And Icamrl Magnetic Resonance Imaging Accreditation Protocols, Brock Andrew Prater

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Two primary accrediting bodies exist for magnetic resonance imaging systems: the American College of Radiology (ACR) and the Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Magnetic Resonance Laboratories (ICAMRL), each of which defines specific standards for specific image quality criteria at which MRI images must be produced. An MRI clinic that wishes to show a commitment to image quality may do so by becoming accredited by one of these organizations of their choosing. The limits of these image criteria were compared to demonstrate the standards of each accrediting body. Images were produced that fell well within the standards of both accrediting …

How The Growth Of The Frampton Fold Affected The Growth Of The Green Knoll Diapir, John A. Zinck

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The growth of structural features formed by the movement of the Louann Salt within the study area follows a fold-first model (Rowan et al., 2000), in which the formation of the Frampton Fold predates the formation of the Green Knoll Diapir. The Frampton Fold was formed during two growth episodes driven by movement of the Louann Salt within the study area. The folding and faulting resulting from these growth episodes created a conduit through which the autochthonous Louann Salt was extruded to the sea floor during the Pliocene. Following a depositional episode consisting of the early sequences of the Mississippi …

1-Alkyl-3-Methylimidazolium Bis(Trifluoromethylsulfonyl)Imide Based Ionic Liquids: A Study Of Their Physical And Electrochemical Properties, Charles William Dutton

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Ionic liquids are of interest because of their electrochemical and thermal properties and their possible use as electrolytes in batteries. In this work five ionic liquids were synthesized. They consisted of a 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium (RMI⁺) cation, where the alkyl group was ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, or hexyl, and a bis(tri-fluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (NTf2^-)anion. The decomposition temperatures, melting points, conductivities, viscosities, densities, absorption and desorption of water, diffusion coefficients, and electrochemical properties were studied. It was found that these ionic liquids were thermally stable up to ~310 °C, and that EMINTf₂ had a melting point at -18.26 °C. Conductivities …

Electrochemical Deposition Of Molybdenum And Tungsten From Trinuclear Metal Clusters (M3O2(Oac)6(H2O)3(Cf3So3)2) In 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Ionic, Charles Woods

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Electrochemical properties of Mo₂WO₂(O₂CCH₃)₆(H₂O)₃(CF₃SO₃)₂ and W₃O₂(O₂CCH₃)₆(H₂O)₃(CF₃SO₃)₂ clusters in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF₄) ionic liquid was investigated. Cyclic voltammograms using a platinum electrode indicated that deposition of metal had occurred. Constant potential electrolysis of Mo₂WO₂(O₂CCH₃)₆(H₂O)₃(CF₃SO₃)₂ at -1.9 V using a platinum foil electrode …

Trace Metal Fluxes In Southwest Ohio Watersheds, Avani Naik

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Land-use and watershed characteristics affect the cycling and transport of trace metals in rivers. I investigated the influence of different land uses and water physicochemistry on loadings, partitioning, and speciation of Hg, Zn, Cr, Ni, V, Cd, Cu, and Pb in three contrasting watersheds near the Dayton, Ohio metropolitan area over a 13-month period; Wolf Creek (urban/residential), Holes Creek (urban/residential), and Little Miami River (agricultural). Metal concentrations were related positively to discharge in each stream. Dissolved organic ligands appear to influence trace-metal partitioning between filtered and particle phases, however, particle-associated metals were dominant in each site. Total Hg concentrations and …

Transport Through Georeservoirs: Spatial Entropy In Hydraulic Properties, And Temporal Entropy In Residence Time Distributions, Lumeng Huang

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The general principle of maximum entropy can be used to guide the construction of flow and transport models parameters when are uncertain. The principle states that the model which maximizes the entropy should be chosen so that the full multiplicity or uncertainty is represented in the model outcomes.

In models for flow and transport through georeservoirs, the principle would commonly be applicable to the uncertainty in the model outcome for the time of travel through the system, in order to represent the full range of multiplicity in the distribution of residence times. Importantly, the model which maximizes the entropy in …

Sulfur-Tolerant Catalyst For The Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, Bozeman Joe Frank Iii

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JP-8 fuel is easily accessible, transportable, and has hydrogen content essential to solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operation. However, this syngas has sulfur content which results in a poisonous hydrogen sulfide that degrades electrochemical activity and causes complete SOFC failure in some cases. The goal is to synthesize and verify a cost-effective, catalyst supported on cerium oxide that either stabilizes ionic conductivity in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and/or is highly sulfur-resistant. After thorough computational analysis, it was concluded that the platinum-copper skin catalyst was the most cost-effective, sulfur-resistant catalyst. Experimental synthesis of copper, platinum, and platinum-copper skin catalysts supported …

Determining Metastable Densities In An Argon Discharge Through Optical Emission Spectroscopy, Jared A. Miles

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A plasma diagnostic technique has been experimentally demonstrated where optical emission measurements of relative intensities of spectral lines in the violet range were combined with available electron-impact cross sections to yield absolute Ar metastable species concentration. An enabling factor of this analysis was that the electron excitation pattern was quite different between the Ar ground state and the metastable state. The result of this pattern was that the optical spectrum was unique depending on whether the emission was generated by direct excitation from the ground state, or by stepwise excitation from one of the metastable states. This study has shown …

Functionalized, Semicrystalline Poly(Ether Ketone)S Via In Situ Modification Chemistry, Raghavendhar Reddy Kotha

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AB3 monomer (3,4,5-Trifluoro-4'-hydroxybenzophenone) was used for polymerizations in order to mimic the combination of AB and AB2 monomers, and which has potential to facilitate concurrent polymerization and functionalization. 'Pre' and 'post' polymerization functionalization of the PEK system was done using phenol, 4-bromophenol, and 3/4-aminophenol. The solubility of the functionalized polymers was increased; and the crystallinity was decreased significantly compared to the corresponding unfunctionalized homopolymer. The polymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). DSC results showed that the crystallinity of the polymer was tuned by the amount …

Novel Synthesis Of Polyhydrogenated Fullerenes, Angela Campo

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Hydrogenated fullerenes are of interest as a starting material in metal fulleride synthesis. By reacting C₆₀H₂ with various metals, alloyed metal fullerides could be produced. To achieve this goal, first a reliable synthesis of C₆₀H₂ must be determined. C₆₀H₂ is difficult to synthesis exclusively; C₆₀H₄ and C₆₀H₆ are also produced. Reduction of C₆₀ with NaBH₄ produced a mixture of products as well as excessive unreacted C₆₀. Attempts to modify this reaction to achieve C₆₀H₂ exclusively were unsuccessful. A …

Research In Semantic Web And Information Retrieval: Trust, Sensors, And Search, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

Towards Reasoning Pragmatics, Pascal Hitzler

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

The realization of Semantic Web reasoning is central to substantiating the Semantic Web vision. However, current mainstream research on this topic faces serious challenges, which force us to question established lines of research and to rethink the underlying approaches.

Morphology Of The Dayside Ionosphere Of Mars: Implications For Ion Outflows, Jane L. Fox

Physics Faculty Publications

Significant fluxes of tailward streaming ions have been detected in the Martian wake by instruments on spacecraft. Imposing outward fluxes at the top of a model will produce dayside ion density profiles that are characterized by smaller scale heights than those of diffusive equilibrium. We determine the maximum outward fluxes of ions, and those implied by radio occultation data, by constructing ∼180 models, with upward velocity boundary conditions in the range from 0 to (7–8) × 10⁵ cm s⁻¹ in small increments. As the upward velocity is increased, the topside ion or electron densities decrease until eventually the …

Sparql Query Re-Writing For Spatial Datasets Using Partonomy Based Transformation Rules, Prateek Jain, Cory Andrew Henson, Amit P. Sheth, Peter Z. Yeh, Kunal Verma

Kno.e.sis Publications

Often the information present in a spatial knowledge base is represented at a different level of granularity and abstraction than the query constraints. For querying ontology’s containing spatial information, the precise relationships between spatial entities has to be specified in the basic graph pattern of SPARQL query which can result in long and complex queries. We present a novel approach to help users intuitively write SPARQL queries to query spatial data, rather than relying on knowledge of the ontology structure. Our framework re-writes queries, using transformation rules to exploit part-whole relations between geographical entities to address the mismatches between query …

A Contrast Pattern Based Clustering Quality Index For Categorical Data, Qingbao Liu, Guozhu Dong

Kno.e.sis Publications

Since clustering is unsupervised and highly explorative, clustering validation (i.e. assessing the quality of clustering solutions) has been an important and long standing research problem. Existing validity measures have significant shortcomings. This paper proposes a novel contrast pattern based clustering quality index (CPCQ) for categorical data, by utilizing the quality and diversity of the contrast patterns (CPs) which contrast the clusters in clusterings. High quality CPs can characterize clusters and discriminate them against each other. Experiments show that the CPCQ index (1) can recognize that expert-determined classes are the best clusters for many datasets from the UCI repository; (2) does …

A Local Qualitative Approach To Referral And Functional Trust, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Dharan Althuru, Cory Andrew Henson, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Trust and confidence are becoming key issues in diverse applications such as ecommerce, social networks, semantic sensor web, semantic web information retrieval systems, etc. Both humans and machines use some form of trust to make informed and reliable decisions before acting. In this work, we briefly review existing work on trust networks, pointing out some of its drawbacks. We then propose a local framework to explore two different kinds of trust among agents called referral trust and functional trust, that are modelled using local partial orders, to enable qualitative trust personalization. The proposed approach formalizes reasoning with trust, distinguishing between …

An Anytime Algorithm For Computing Inconsistency Measurement, Yue Ma, Guilin Qi, Guohui Xiao, Pascal Hitzler, Zuoquan Lin

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

Measuring inconsistency degrees of inconsistent knowledge bases is an important problem as it provides context information for facilitating inconsistency handling. Many methods have been proposed to solve this problem and a main class of them is based on some kind of paraconsistent semantics. In this paper, we consider the computational aspects of inconsistency degrees of propositional knowledge bases under 4-valued semantics. We first analyze its computational complexity. As it turns out that computing the exact inconsistency degree is intractable, we then propose an anytime algorithm that provides tractable approximation of the inconsistency degree from above and below. We show that …

The Regular Excluded Minors For Signed-Graphic Matroids, Hongxun Qin, Dan Slilaty, Xiangqian Zhou

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

We show that the complete list of regular excluded minors for the class of signed-graphic matroids is M*(G₁),...,M*(G₂₉),R₁₅,R₁₆. Here G₁,...,G₂₉ are the vertically 2-connected excluded minors for the class of projective-planar graphs and R₁₅ and R₁₆ are two regular matroids that we will define in the article.

Ontology-Driven Provenance Management In Escience: An Application In Parasite Research, Satya S. Sahoo, D. Brent Weatherly, Raghava Mutharaju, Pramod Anantharam, Amit P. Sheth, Rick L. Tarleton

Kno.e.sis Publications

Provenance, from the French word “provenir”, describes the lineage or history of a data entity. Provenance is critical information in scientific applications to verify experiment process, validate data quality and associate trust values with scientific results. Current industrial scale eScience projects require an end-to-end provenance management infrastructure. This infrastructure needs to be underpinned by formal semantics to enable analysis of large scale provenance information by software applications. Further, effective analysis of provenance information requires well-defined query mechanisms to support complex queries over large datasets. This paper introduces an ontology-driven provenance management infrastructure for biology experiment data, as part …

3d Reconstruction And Visualization Of A Hovering Dragonfly, Christopher Koehler, Thomas Wischgoll, Haibo Dong, Zachary Gaston, Hui Wan

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of The Semantic Specification Of Sensors, Michael Compton, Cory Andrew Henson, Laurent Lefort, Holger Neuhaus, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Semantic sensor networks use declarative descriptions of sensors promote reuse and integration, and to help solve the difficulties of installing, querying and maintaining complex, heterogeneous sensor networks. This paper reviews the state of the art for the semantic specification of sensors, one of the fundamental technologies in the semantic sensor network vision. Twelve sensor ontologies are reviewed and analysed for the range and expressive power of their concepts. The reasoning and search technology developed in conjunction with these ontologies is also reviewed, as is technology for annotating OGC standards with links to ontologies. Sensor concepts that cannot be expressed accurately …

Provenir Ontology: Towards A Framework For Escience Provenance Management, Satya S. Sahoo, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

Provenance metadata describes the 'lineage' or history of an entity and necessary information to verify the quality of data, validate experiment protocols, and associate trust value with scientific results. eScience projects generate data and the associated provenance metadata in a distributed environment (such as myGrid) and on a very large scale that often precludes manual analysis. Given this scenario, provenance information should be, (a) interoperable across projects, research groups, and application domains, and (b) support analysis over large datasets using reasoning to discover implicit information. In this paper, we introduce an ontology-driven framework for eScience provenance management underpinned by an …

Fantom - Lessons Learned From Design, Implementation, Administration, And Use Of A Visualization System For Over 10 Years, Alexander Wiebel, Christoph Garth, Mario Hlawitschka, Thomas Wischgoll, Gerik Scheuermann

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ceg 210: Pc Networking I, Chris P. Fickert

Computer Science & Engineering Syllabi

Introduction to networking technologies including infrastructure and architectures, standards, protocols and directory services, administration, security and management. Integrated lecture and lab.