Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Seismic Interpretation And Well Log Analysis Of Jay County, Indiana, Focused On Lithologic Units Below The Mt. Simon Formation, Jennifer Welder

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Cuttings recovered from two Benegar wells in Jay County, Indiana, have led to the recognition of a lithic arenite and limestone layer beneath the Mt. Simon Sandstone, the regional basal sandstone of the Paleozoic platform sequence. This lithic arenite is interpreted as the Middle Run Formation which has been observed in numerous wells within the Western Ohio, Northern Kentucky, and Indiana region. However, the limestone layer in these Benegar wells is unique, with only one other instance of limestone beneath the Mt. Simon being in the Mattison #1 well in southeast Clark County, Ohio. During the summer of 2013 students …

Curie Temperature Measurement Of Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles By Using Calorimetry, Xing Zhao

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This Thesis studies the relationship between diameter (size) of ferromagnetic nanoparticles and Curie temperature. Iron nanoparticles with different diameters from 5.9 nm to 21.4 nm were prepared by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl in the presence of oleic acid/octyl ether at Cambridge University, United Kingdom. Heating response of these ferromagnetic nanoparticles suspended in water were measured experimentally during which the same amount of iron nanoparticles and di-ionized water were subjected to an alternating magnetic field and the increase in temperature of these samples was measured. Heating performance of nanoparticles was described by Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). Heating and cooling rate …

Phylogenetics, Population Genetics, And Evolution Of The Mallard Complex, Philip Lavretsky

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Speciation is primarily regarded as an ancestral split that results in two distinct taxonomic units, and proceeds in stages along a continuum from initiation (i.e., population divergence) to completion (i.e., reproductively isolated species). Establishing how and why populations diverge, including the primary mechanisms influencing these events is a major objective for evolutionary scientists. Focusing on incipient forms, researchers attempt to disentangle the antagonistic nature of selection, genetic drift, and gene flow in the speciation process.

In chapter 1, I investigate the phylogenetic relationships of 14 closely related taxa within the mallard complex (Anas spp.) that underwent a radiation within the …

Mining Privacy Settings To Find Optimal Privacy-Utility Tradeoffs For Social Network Services, Shumin Guo

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Privacy has been a big concern for users of social network services (SNS). On recent criticism about privacy protection, most SNS now provide fine privacy controls, allowing users to set visibility levels for almost every profile item. However, this also creates a number of difficulties for users. First, SNS providers often set most items by default to the highest visibility to improve the utility of social network, which may conflict with users' intention. It is often formidable for a user to fine-tune tens of privacy settings towards the user desired settings. Second, tuning privacy settings involves an intricate tradeoff between …

Characterization Of A Utica Shale Reflector Package Using Well Log Data And Amplitude Variation With Offset Analysis, Andrei Butterfield

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Using well logs and AVO gradient analysis, I identify and characterize a package of reflectors associated with the Utica Shale from vibroseis data collected by Wright State University at the Gabor Gas Storage field near Canton, Ohio. I also correlate TOC measurements from wells to densities and velocities at the same depths. On the seismic data, I interpret prominent reflections from the top and bottom of the Utica Shale and an intra-Utica reflector of varying frequency content associated with a velocity/density low in well log data. I investigate the possibility that the lateral variation in frequency content and change in …

Functionalized Sulfone And Sulfonamide Based Poly(Arylene Ether)S, Marina Andrejevic

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A series of fluorinated poly(arylene ether)s, PAE, bearing sulfonated pendent sulfonyl groups, was prepared. A range of Ion Exchange Capacity (IEC) values were achieved by varying the ratios of sulfonated and non sulfonated monomers. Incorporation of both of the monomers was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy and characterization of the thermal properties was done using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning (DSC). Polymers with these IEC values were synthesized in order to explore their use as a potential alternatives to the widely studied proton exchange membrane, Nafion, with an IEC of 0.91 meq/g.

Using N-phenyl-3,5-difluorobenzene sulfonamide as the starting material a …

Surface Effects On Critical Dimensions Of Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles, Vartika Chaudhary

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This work studies surface effects on the critical dimensions of ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Iron nanoparticles with different mean diameters from 5.9 nm to 21.4 nm used in this research were prepared by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl in the presence of oleic acid/octyl ether at Cambridge University, United Kingdom. Heating response of these ferromagnetic nanoparticles suspended in water were measured experimentally during which same amount of iron nanoparticles and di-ionized water were irradiated by an alternating magnetic field and the increase in temperature of these samples was measured. Heating performance of nanoparticles was described in terms of Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) …

Automatic Identification Of Interestingness In Biomedical Literature, Gaurish Anand

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents research on automatically identifying interestingness in a graph of semantic predications. Interestingness represents a subjective quality of information that represents its value in meeting a user's known or unknown retrieval needs. The perception of information as interesting requires a level of utility for the user as well as a balance between significant novelty and sufficient familiarity. It can also be influenced by additional factors such as unexpectedness or serendipity with recent experiences. The ability to identify interesting information facilitates the development of user-centered retrieval, especially in information semantic summarization and iterative, step-wise searching such as in discovery …

Special Session 8 Introduction: Fundamentals To Applications In 2d Materials, Gregory Kozlowski, Patrick Soukiassian, John J. Boeckl

Special Session 8: Fundamentals to Applications in 2D Materials

Provides an overview of the 2015 Special Session 8 meeting as part of the 11th International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids, Munich, Germany, June 22-26, 2015.

The Properties Of Property Alignment On The Semantic Web, Michelle Andreen Cheatham

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Ontology alignment is an important step in enabling computers to query and reason across the many linked datasets on the semantic web. This is a difficult challenge because the ontologies underlying different linked datasets can vary in terms of subject area coverage, level of abstraction, ontology modeling philosophy, and even language. The alignment approach presented here centers on string similarity metrics. Nearly all ontology alignment systems use a string similarity metric in one form or another, but it seems that the choice of a particular metric is often arbitrary. We begin this dissertation with the most comprehensive survey to date …

On The Spectra Of Momentum Operators, Cody Edward Watson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The selfadjoint momentum operators acting in two intervals are parametrized by the unitary two-by-two matrices. Fixing a parametrization of the unitary two- by-two matrices we study how the spectra of the selfadjoint momentum operators depends on these parameters as well as on the lengths of the two intervals.

Tcdd Represses 3'IghRr Activation Through An Ahr-Dependent Shift In The Nf-Κb/Rel Protein Complexes Binding To Κb Motifs Within The Hs1,2 And Hs4 Enhancers, Richard L. Salisbury Jr.

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Transcriptional regulation of the murine immunoglobulin heavy chain gene involves several regulatory elements including the 3'Igh regulatory region (3'IghRR) composed of at least four enhancers (hs3A; hs1,2; hs3B; hs4). Enhancers hs1,2 and hs4 contain binding sites for several transcription factors including NF-κB/Rel proteins and the AhR. Interestingly, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) profoundly inhibits 3'IghRR and hs1,2 activation induced by the B-cell activator lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but enhances the activation of the hs4. Within the hs4, the AhR binding site overlaps an NF-κB/Rel binding site suggesting that both the AhR and the NF-κB together may modulate of the 3' …

A Chemical Free Approach For Increasing The Biochemical Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (Sers)-Based Sensing Capabilities Of Colloidal Silver Nanoparticles, Kevin Michael Dorney

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The unique optoelectronic properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have led to their explosive use in a multitude of both research and industrial settings in recent years. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) exhibited by AgNPs has been exploited extensively as a nano-scale probe in a variety of spectroscopic detection modalities, particularly in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The SERS effect is highly dependent upon the LSPR interaction with optical laser frequencies, thus optimization of LSPR via specific control of AgNP dimensionality and composition of the surrounding medium is vital for increasing the efficacy of SERS-based nano-sensing. This work aimed to augment LSPR …

The Synthesis Of 1,4-Bis(2-(4-(4-Fluorobenzoyl)Phenoxyethoxy)Benzene And Poly(Aralkyl Ether)S Derived From 1,4-Bis(2-Tosyloxyethoxy)Benzene, Juraj Drzic

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The reaction of 1,4-bis(2-tosyloxyethoxy)benzene or 1,4-bis(bromoethoxy)-benzene with 4-fluoro-4'-hydroxybenzophenone was carried out under a variety of conditions. Changes were made in solvent, reaction time, work-up and base. All attempts to generate a bis(fluorobenzophenone) monomer were unsuccessful. In some cases the presence of the half-product could be determined. In other cases, an elimination product was indicated. The ditosylate, 1,4-bis(2-tosyloxyethoxy)benzene was reacted with bisphenol-A, bisphenol-AF, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)diphenylmethane and 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene in a dioxane - water solution in the presence of sodium hydroxide to produce four polymers. The polymers were characterized by thermal analysis (TGA) to reveal 5% weight loss temperatures of 338°, 350°, 365° and …

Modeling Physical And Hydraulic Properties Of Disordered Porous Media: Applications From Percolation Theory And Fractal Geometry, Behzad Ghanbarian-Alavijeh

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A fundamental component of the hydrologic cycle is the movement of fluids in the pore space of geological formations and soils. Prediction of the motion of fluids in such porous materials requires first modeling the physical properties of the medium itself, and second, invoking a capable theory to describe fluid transport in tortuous interconnected pathways. In this dissertation, for the former we use fractal geometry since most phenomena in nature are fractal, and for the latter percolation theory is applied because it has successfully described flow and transport in disordered networks and media. We propose models for the soil water …

Combating Integrity Attacks In Industrial Control Systems, Chad Arnold

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Industrial Control Systems are vulnerable to integrity attacks because of connectivity to the external Internet and trusted internal networking components that can become compromised. Integrity attacks can be modeled, analyzed, and sometimes remedied by exploiting properties of physical devices and reasoning about the trust worthiness of ICS communication components.

Industrial control systems (ICS) monitor and control the processes of public utility that society depends on - the electric power grid, oil and gas pipelines, transportation, and water facilities. Attacks that impact the operations of these critical assets could have devastating consequences. The complexity and desire to interconnect ICS components have …

Environmental Factors Affecting Methylmercury In Fish Of The Laurentian Great Lakes Region, Joel Harvey

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Monomethylmercury (MMHg) can accumulate in fish to concentrations that pose a threat to the health of fish, piscivorous organisms, and humans who eat fish. A variety of environmental factors have been hypothesized to influence either the methylation of inorganic Hg or the bioaccumulation and magnification of MMHg. This study investigates the influence of selected environmental factors on MMHg concentrations in freshwater fish across a regional scale, most of the U.S. portion of Laurentian Great Lakes region. Fish MMHg was correlated with proton deposition, sulfate deposition, nitrate deposition, mercury deposition, pH, watershed area, and Secchi depth. Only proton deposition was positively …

Testing Of Two Novel Semi-Implicit Particle-In-Cell Techniques, Trenton J. Godar

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

PIC (Particle-in-cell) modeling is a computational technique which functions by advancing computer particles through a spatial grid consisting of cells, on which can be placed electric and magnetic fields. This method has proven useful for simulating a wide range of plasmas and excels at yielding accurate and detailed results such as particle number densities, particle energies, particle currents, and electric potentials. However, the detailed results of a PIC simulation come at a substantial cost of computational requirement and the algorithm can be susceptible to numerical instabilities. As processors become faster and contain more cores, the computational expense of PIC simulations …

Investigating Dna Barcoding Potentials And Genetic Structure In Ozobranchus Spp. From Atlantic And Pacific Ocean Sea Turtles, Triet Minh Truong

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The Ozobranchidae family is the smallest and least studied hirudinean taxon. Our research includes the largest molecular dataset yet reported for marine ozobranchids (Ozobranchus margoi and Ozobranchus branchiatus) with the most number of documented turtle hosts (57) from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans to date of any marine turtle epibiont study. Turtle species sampled in this study include loggerheads (Caretta caretta), hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), and green turtles (Chelonia mydas). Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear ribosomal (18S and 28S) genes all support the monophyly of marine Ozobranchidae leeches with speciation occurring over an extensive period …

Thermal Properties Of Magnetic Nanoparticles In External Ac Magnetic Field, Anna Beata Lukawska

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This work studies thermal properties of magnetic nanoparticles in an external ac magnetic field. Dried iron and cobalt nanoparticles were prepared by thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl (Fe(CO)5) and dicobalt octacarbonyl (Co2(CO)8), triscobalt nona(carbonyl)chloride (Co3(CO)9Cl), or tetracaobalt dodecacarbonyl (Co4(CO)12) [1]. The samples had different mean diameters: 5.6 - 21.4 nm for iron and 6.5 - 19.4 nm for cobalt. Each sample was exposed to ac magnetic field and the increase in temperature of the sample was measured. Results were analyzed to find the critical diameters for the transitions from multi-domain to single-domain and from single-domain to superparamagnetic regime. The nanoparticles …

Effect Of Land Use On Mercury In Soils Of Southwest Ohio, Rebecca L. Gamby

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Terrestrial biomass and soils are a primary reservoir of mercury (Hg) derived from natural and anthropogenic sources; however, the fate and stability of Hg in the surface soil reservoir and its susceptibility to change as a result of human activities is relatively unknown. In this study, soil concentrations of Hg and lead (Pb) were compared between old- and new-growth forest soils as well as fallow grassland and agricultural soils in southwest Ohio. Old- and new-growth forest soils had significantly greater concentrations of soil Hg, Pb, and organic matter than fallow and cultivated soils in the O/A horizon. Mercury:organic matter ratios …

Ultraviolet Rayleigh Scatter Imaging For Spatial Temperature Profiles In Atmospheric Microdischarges, James E. Caplinger

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Spatially resolved temperature measurements within a microdischarge in atmospheric pressure air have been conducted using Rayleigh scattering of a pulsed ultraviolet laser. Scattering intensity images were used to generate a radial profile of translational temperature, with the analysis based on the ideal gas inverse relationship of temperature and gas density. Rayleigh scattering results were compared to standard optical emission spectral analyses of N2(C3Πu - B3Πg) bands, where the calculated rotational temperatures from emission were in reasonable agreement with the Rayleigh translational temperature profiles.

A Novel Synergistic Model Fusing Electroencephalography And Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging For Modeling Brain Activities, Konstantinos Michalopoulos

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Study of the human brain is an important and very active area of research. Unraveling the way the human brain works would allow us to better understand, predict and prevent brain related diseases that affect a significant part of the population. Studying the brain response to certain input stimuli can help us determine the involved brain areas and understand the mechanisms that characterize behavioral and psychological traits.

In this research work two methods used for the monitoring of brain activities, Electroencephalography (EEG) and functional Magnetic Resonance (fMRI) have been studied for their fusion, in an attempt to bridge together the …

Automated Complexity-Sensitive Image Fusion, Brian Patrick Jackson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

To construct a complete representation of a scene with environmental obstacles such as fog, smoke, darkness, or textural homogeneity, multisensor video streams captured in diferent modalities are considered. A computational method for automatically fusing multimodal image streams into a highly informative and unified stream is proposed. The method consists of the following steps: 1. Image registration is performed to align video frames in the visible band over time, adapting to the nonplanarity of the scene by automatically subdividing the image domain into regions approximating planar patches

2. Wavelet coefficients are computed for each of the input frames in each modality …

Glacial Drift Thickness And Vs Characterized Using Three-Component Passive Seismic Data At The Dominion Stark-Summit Gas Storage Field, North Canton, Ohio, Cheryle Ann Boggs

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) of broadband seismometer recordings, was explored in this study as a means of characterizing the varying depth to bedrock beneath a glacial drift surface layer. Data were collected using fifteen Guralp CMG-3ESPCD 3-component seismometers deployed from January 15, 2010 to March 16, 2010 over the Stark-Summit gas storage field of Dominion East Ohio. Using Antelope seismic analysis software, I used the HVSR of these seismic data to evaluate the apparent resonance frequency of the glacial drift surface layer and its dependency upon the thickness and shear velocity of the glacial drift. I also …

Chemical Analysis Of Exhaled Breath By Means Of Terahertz Rotational Spectroscopy, Tianle Guo

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Terahertz spectroscopy, due to the high sensitivity and specificity that it affords, has been incorporated in many fields to aid in the chemical analysis of gases. One potential application is to detect bio-markers in human breath for early diagnosis. Our current aim of our research is to establish a relationship between several chemicals and the glucose levels from human exhaled breath. 20 chemical including Acetone, Carbon monoxide (CO), Methanol were studied. Volunteers' breath samples were processed through a pre-concentration system before being injected into the spectrometer. Initially, a commercial preconcentration system, Entech 7100A, was used. However, due to the limitations …

An Evolutionary Approximation To Contrastive Divergence In Convolutional Restricted Boltzmann Machines, Ryan R. Mccoppin

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Deep learning is an emerging area in machine learning that exploits multi-layered neural networks to extract invariant relationships from large data sets. Deep learning uses layers of non-linear transformations to represent data in abstract and discrete forms. Several different architectures have been developed over the past few years specifically to process images including the Convolutional Restricted Boltzmann Machine. The Boltzmann Machine is trained using contrastive divergence, a depth-first gradient based training algorithm. Gradient based training methods have no guarantee of reaching an optimal solution and tend to search a limited region of the solution space. In this thesis, we present …

What Machines Understand About Personality Words After Reading The News, Eric David Moyer

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Vector-based lexical semantics is a powerful technique that still has many undiscovered applications. In this thesis I apply a vector-space lexical-semantic model newly developed by Mikolov et. al. trained on skip-grams to the lexical hypothesis in personality psychology. The method produces interpretable dimensions that are consistent across several sets of descriptive personality words. The dimensions include ones for conflict and positive and negative evaluation. However they are more descriptive of word usage semantics than of the characteristics of the thing described and thus do not include a recognizable component of the 5 factor model in their first 14 dimensions. They …

Synthesis And Biological Activity Of Indolinones, Kaleb Woodrow Cox

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Indolinones of the type known as Arylidene oxindoles have been demonstrated to possess a broad range of activity ranging from proten kinase inhibtors, cell-death inhibitors and tau protein binding agents. Small libraries of such molecules were designed and synthesized herein in modifications involving variously substituted halogen derivatives, N-alkylation of the indolinone nitrogen, and finally a new class of molecules, namely arylidene oxindoles possessing extended conjugation. The biological activities of such molecules were examined and the results disclosed herein.

Laser Induced Ignition With Resonant Multiphoton Absorption In Oxygen, Steven F. Adams

Physics Seminars

A novel resonant laser-induced breakdown scheme has been demonstrated to provide precision spatial guidance of spark formation within an air flow and has been further demonstrated successfully in resonant laser-induced ignition of a moderate-speed flow of an air-propane mixture. This scheme could potentially provide ignition within a combustion system with a laser trigger leading to breakdown of an air-fuel flow within a high-voltage gap using a compact low power laser source. The laser scheme involves resonant enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) in molecular oxygen and subsequent laser field-enhanced electron avalanche to generate a pre-ionized micro-plasma path between high voltage electrodes and …