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Articles 331 - 360 of 1524
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
New Insights Into The Electrochemistry Of Magnesium Molybdate Hierarchical Architectures For High Performance Sodium Devices, Manickam Minakshi, David R. G Mitchell, Anji Munnangi, Anders Barlow, Maximilian Fichtner
New Insights Into The Electrochemistry Of Magnesium Molybdate Hierarchical Architectures For High Performance Sodium Devices, Manickam Minakshi, David R. G Mitchell, Anji Munnangi, Anders Barlow, Maximilian Fichtner
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Magnesium molybdate (MgMoO4), which possesses synergistic features combining both hierarchical plate-like nanomaterials and porous architectures, has been successfully synthesized through a facile combustion synthesis at a low temperature. The hierarchical architecture is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The as-obtained MgMoO4nanoplates showed a porous structure with a pore-size distribution ranging from 50 to 70 nm. This porosity provides an electron transport pathway and enhanced surface reaction kinetics. The binding energies measured for Mg 2p, Mo 3d, 3p and O 1s are consistent with the …
Biopolymers For Antitumor Implantable Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Advances And Future Outlook, Sepehr Talebian, Javad Foroughi, Samantha Wade, Kara L. Vine, Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz, Mehdi Mehrali, Joao Conde, Gordon G. Wallace
Biopolymers For Antitumor Implantable Drug Delivery Systems: Recent Advances And Future Outlook, Sepehr Talebian, Javad Foroughi, Samantha Wade, Kara L. Vine, Alireza Dolatshahi-Pirouz, Mehdi Mehrali, Joao Conde, Gordon G. Wallace
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
In spite of remarkable improvements in cancer treatments and survivorship, cancer still remains as one of the major causes of death worldwide. Although current standards of care provide encouraging results, they still cause severe systemic toxicity and also fail in preventing recurrence of the disease. In order to address these issues, biomaterial-based implantable drug delivery systems (DDSs) have emerged as promising therapeutic platforms, which allow local administration of drugs directly to the tumor site. Owing to the unique properties of biopolymers, they have been used in a variety of ways to institute biodegradable implantable DDSs that exert precise spatiotemporal control …
A Quadrafunctional Electrocatalyst Of Nickel/Nickel Oxide Embedded N-Graphene For Oxygen Reduction, Oxygen Evolution, Hydrogen Evolution And Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation Reactions, Shaikh N. Faisal, Md Enamul Haque, Nikan Noorbehesht, Hongwei Liu, Md. Monirul Islam, Luba Shabnam, Anup Kumar Roy, Ehsan Pourazadi, Mohammod S. Islam, Andrew T. Harris, Andrew I. Minett
A Quadrafunctional Electrocatalyst Of Nickel/Nickel Oxide Embedded N-Graphene For Oxygen Reduction, Oxygen Evolution, Hydrogen Evolution And Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation Reactions, Shaikh N. Faisal, Md Enamul Haque, Nikan Noorbehesht, Hongwei Liu, Md. Monirul Islam, Luba Shabnam, Anup Kumar Roy, Ehsan Pourazadi, Mohammod S. Islam, Andrew T. Harris, Andrew I. Minett
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
A multifunctional nano-heterostructured electrocatalyst of transition metal/metal oxide (nickel/nickel oxide) embedded on nitrogen-doped graphene is reported. The hybrid composite of N-doped graphene nanosheets with a high atomic percentage of nitrogen (8.2 at%) and embedded with highly distributed nickel/nickel oxide nanoparticles inside the graphene layers is synthesized by a one pot thermal annealing process. The resultant composite demonstrates excellent electrocatalytic activity utilizing the superior electrocatalytic properties of nickel/nickel oxide nanoparticles supported on nitrogen-doped graphene. The hybrid exhibits efficient oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) properties comparable with state-of-the-art electrode Pt/C with a four-electron transfer pathway and superior oxygen evolution reaction (OER) compared to …
Application Of Terpyridyl Ligands To Tune The Optical And Electrochemical Properties Of A Conducting Polymer, Grzegorz Lisak, Klaudia K. Wagner, Jonathan E. Barnsley, Andrei Veksha, Gregory Huff, Anastasia Elliott, Pawel W. Wagner, Keith C. Gordon, Johan Bobacka, Gordon G. Wallace, Ari Ivaska, David L. Officer
Application Of Terpyridyl Ligands To Tune The Optical And Electrochemical Properties Of A Conducting Polymer, Grzegorz Lisak, Klaudia K. Wagner, Jonathan E. Barnsley, Andrei Veksha, Gregory Huff, Anastasia Elliott, Pawel W. Wagner, Keith C. Gordon, Johan Bobacka, Gordon G. Wallace, Ari Ivaska, David L. Officer
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
We present a simple and effective way of using metal and metal-ligand modifications to tune the electrochemical and optical properties of conducting polymers. To that end, a polyterthiophene functionalized with terpyridine moieties was synthesized and then the resulting film's surface or bulk was modified with different metal ions, namely Fe2+, Zn2+and Cu2+and terpyridine. The modification of the terpyridine functionalized polyterthiophene film by Fe2+increased the absorptivity and electrochemical capacitance of the conducting polymer, and improved its conjugation. Further modification by Zn2+and Cu2+resulted in dramatically different spectroelectrochemical properties of the film. Moreover, the influence of the solvents (ACN and 1:1 ACN:H2O) in …
Mechanics Of Elastomeric Molecular Composites, Pierre Millereau, Etienne Ducrot, Jess Clough, Meredith Wiseman, Hugh Ralph Brown, Rint Sijbesma, Costantino Creton
Mechanics Of Elastomeric Molecular Composites, Pierre Millereau, Etienne Ducrot, Jess Clough, Meredith Wiseman, Hugh Ralph Brown, Rint Sijbesma, Costantino Creton
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
No abstract provided.
Ultrathin And Edge-Enriched Holey Nitride Nanosheets As Bifunctional Electrocatalysts For The Oxygen And Hydrogen Evolution Reactions, Haipeng Guo, Boyang Ruan, Wenbin Luo, Jianqiu Deng, Jiazhao Wang, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou
Ultrathin And Edge-Enriched Holey Nitride Nanosheets As Bifunctional Electrocatalysts For The Oxygen And Hydrogen Evolution Reactions, Haipeng Guo, Boyang Ruan, Wenbin Luo, Jianqiu Deng, Jiazhao Wang, Hua-Kun Liu, Shi Xue Dou
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Exploring economically efficient electrocatalysts with good electrocatalytic activity is essential for diverse electrochemical energy devices. Series of ultrathin metallic nickel-based holey nitride nanosheets were designed as bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). They exhibit improved catalytic properties owing to the inherent advantages of their plentiful active reaction sites resulting from the complete exposure of the atoms in the large lateral surfaces and from the edges of pore areas, together with expanded lattice spacing distance. This obtained three-dimensional conductive integral architecture can not only accelerate the electron transportation by the highly orientated crystalline structure …
Heterostructures For Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: A Review, Guoqiang Zhao, Kun Rui, Shi Xue Dou, Wenping Sun
Heterostructures For Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: A Review, Guoqiang Zhao, Kun Rui, Shi Xue Dou, Wenping Sun
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Developing sustainable and renewable energy sources along with efficient energy storage and conversion technologies is vital to address environmental and energy challenges. Electrochemical water splitting coupling with grid-scale renewable energy harvesting technologies is becoming one of the most promising approaches. Besides, hydrogen with the highest mass-energy density of any fuel is regarded as the ultimate clean energy carrier. The realization of practical water splitting depends heavily on the development of low-cost, highly active, and durable catalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions (HERs) and oxygen evolution reactions (OERs). Recently, heterostructured catalysts, which are generally composed of electrochemical active materials and various functional …
New Insights Into Understanding The Exceptional Electrochemical Performance Of P2-Type Manganese-Based Layered Oxide Cathode For Sodium Ion Batteries, Xiaobo Zheng, Peng Li, Haojie Zhu, Kun Rui, Guoqiang Zhao, Jie Shu, Xun Xu, Wenping Sun, Shi Xue Dou
New Insights Into Understanding The Exceptional Electrochemical Performance Of P2-Type Manganese-Based Layered Oxide Cathode For Sodium Ion Batteries, Xiaobo Zheng, Peng Li, Haojie Zhu, Kun Rui, Guoqiang Zhao, Jie Shu, Xun Xu, Wenping Sun, Shi Xue Dou
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are emerging as one of the most promising candidates for large-scale energy storage due to the abundance of sodium. Layered manganese-based oxides, owing to relatively high capacity and low cost, exhibit great potential as SIBs cathode materials, but the cycling life remains a big challenge towards practical applications. Herein, unprecedented electrochemical performance is achieved in P2-type layered Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 cathode, and new insights into understanding the structure-performance correlation are gained. Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 delivers outstanding cycling stability (~ 80% capacity retention for 2000 cycles, 0.01% capacity loss per cycle),excellent rate capability (70.21% capacity retention at 20 C compared to …
Magnetic And Structural Transitions Tuned Through Valence Electron Concentration In Magnetocaloric Mn(Co1-Xnix)Ge, Qing Yon Ren, Wayne D. Hutchison, Jian Li Wang, Andrew J. Studer, Stewart J. Campbell
Magnetic And Structural Transitions Tuned Through Valence Electron Concentration In Magnetocaloric Mn(Co1-Xnix)Ge, Qing Yon Ren, Wayne D. Hutchison, Jian Li Wang, Andrew J. Studer, Stewart J. Campbell
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
The structural and magnetic properties of magnetocaloric Mn(Co 1-x Ni x )Ge compounds have been studied. Two responses to the increase of valence electron concentration on substitution of Ni (3d 8 4s 2 ) for Co (3d 7 4s 2 ) in the orthorhombic phase (Pnma) are proposed: expansion of unit-cell volume and redistribution of valence electrons. We present experimental evidence for electronic redistribution associated with the competition between magnetism and bonding. This competition in turn leads to complex dependences of the reverse martensitic transformation temperature T M (orthorhombic to hexagonal (P6 3 /mmc)) and the magnetic structures on the …
Stabilized Antiferroelectricity In Xbisco3-(1-X)Nanbo3 Lead-Free Ceramics With Established Double Hysteresis Loops, Lisheng Gao, Hanzheng Guo, Shujun Zhang, Clive A. Randall
Stabilized Antiferroelectricity In Xbisco3-(1-X)Nanbo3 Lead-Free Ceramics With Established Double Hysteresis Loops, Lisheng Gao, Hanzheng Guo, Shujun Zhang, Clive A. Randall
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
We previously reported various solid solution systems that demonstrated the stabilized antiferroelectric (P) phases in NaNbO 3 through lowering the tolerance factor. However, all those reported modifications were achieved by adding A 2+ B 4+ O 3 type solid solutions. A lead-free antiferroelectric (AFE) solid solution xBiScO 3 -(1-x)NaNbO 3 was rationalized by adopting the tolerance factor design rule. Specifically, adding BiScO 3 was found to effectively stabilize the AFE phase without changing the crystal symmetry of NaNbO 3 . Microstructure and electron zone axis diffraction patterns from transmission electron microscopy revealed the stabilized AFE (P) phase in this solid …
Boosting The Potassium Storage Performance Of Alloy-Based Anode Materials Via Electrolyte Salt Chemistry, Qing Zhang, Jianfeng Mao, Wei Kong Pang, Tian Zheng, Vitor Sencadas, Yuanzhen Chen, Yajie Liu, Zaiping Guo
Boosting The Potassium Storage Performance Of Alloy-Based Anode Materials Via Electrolyte Salt Chemistry, Qing Zhang, Jianfeng Mao, Wei Kong Pang, Tian Zheng, Vitor Sencadas, Yuanzhen Chen, Yajie Liu, Zaiping Guo
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are promising energy storage systems because of the abundance and low cost of potassium. The formidable challenge is to develop suitable electrode materials and electrolytes for accommodating the relatively large size and high activity of potassium. Herein, Bi-based materials are reported as novel anodes for PIBs. Nanostructural design and proper selection of the electrolyte salt have been used to achieve excellent cycling performance. It is found that the potassiation of Bi undergoes a solid-solution reaction, followed by two typical two-phase reactions, corresponding to Bi ↔ Bi(K) and Bi(K) ↔ K 5 Bi 4 ↔ K 3 Bi, …
Pedot Doped With Algal, Mammalian And Synthetic Dopants: Polymer Properties, Protein And Cell Interactions, And Influence Of Electrical Stimulation On Neuronal Cell Differentiation, Paul J. Molino, Luke Garcia, Elise M. Stewart, M Lamaze, Bohai Zhang, Alexander R. Harris, Pia C. Winberg, Gordon G. Wallace
Pedot Doped With Algal, Mammalian And Synthetic Dopants: Polymer Properties, Protein And Cell Interactions, And Influence Of Electrical Stimulation On Neuronal Cell Differentiation, Paul J. Molino, Luke Garcia, Elise M. Stewart, M Lamaze, Bohai Zhang, Alexander R. Harris, Pia C. Winberg, Gordon G. Wallace
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films were electrochemically polymerised with several synthetic (dodecylbenzosulfonic acid (DBSA)) and biological (dextran sulphate (DS), chondroitin sulphate (CS), alginic acid (ALG) and ulvan (ULV)) dopant anions, and their physical, mechanical and electrochemical properties characterised. PEDOT films incorporating the biological dopants ALG and ULV produced films of the greatest surface roughness (46 ± 5.1 and 31 ± 1.9 nm, respectively), and demonstrated significantly lower shear modulus values relative to all other PEDOT films (2.1 ± 0.1 and 1.2 ± 0.2 MPa, respectively). Quartz crystal microgravimetry was used to study the adsorption of the important extracellular matrix protein fibronectin, revealing …
Activating Titania For Efficient Electrocatalysis By Vacancy Engineering, Haifeng Feng, Zhongfei Xu, Long Ren, Chen Liu, Jincheng Zhuang, Zhenpeng Hu, Xun Xu, Jun Chen, Jiaou Wang, Weichang Hao, Yi Du, Shi Xue Dou
Activating Titania For Efficient Electrocatalysis By Vacancy Engineering, Haifeng Feng, Zhongfei Xu, Long Ren, Chen Liu, Jincheng Zhuang, Zhenpeng Hu, Xun Xu, Jun Chen, Jiaou Wang, Weichang Hao, Yi Du, Shi Xue Dou
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Pursuing efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts is crucial for the performance of water-alkali electrolyzers toward water splitting. Earth-abundant transition-metal oxides, in spite of their alluring performances in the oxygen evolution reaction, are thought to be inactive in the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline media. Here, we demonstrate that pure TiO 2 single crystals, a typical transition-metal oxide, can be activated toward electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline media through engineering interfacial oxygen vacancies. Experimental and theoretical results indicate that subsurface oxygen vacancies and low-coordinated Ti ions (Ti 3+ ) can enhance the electrical conductivity and promote electron transfer and hydrogen desorption, …
Recent Progress On Sodium Ion Batteries: Potential High-Performance Anodes, Li Li, Yang Zheng, Shilin Zhang, Jianping Yang, Zongping Shao, Zaiping Guo
Recent Progress On Sodium Ion Batteries: Potential High-Performance Anodes, Li Li, Yang Zheng, Shilin Zhang, Jianping Yang, Zongping Shao, Zaiping Guo
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Due to massively growing demand arising from energy storage systems, sodium ion batteries (SIBs) have been recognized as the most attractive alternative to the current commercialized lithium ion batteries (LIBs) owing to the wide availability and accessibility of sodium. Unfortunately, the low energy density, inferior power density and poor cycle life are still the main issues for SIBs in the current drive to push the entire technology forward to meet the benchmark requirements for commercialization. Over the past few years, tremendous efforts have been devoted to improving the performance of SIBs, in terms of higher energy density and longer cycling …
Exploiting Intermolecular Interactions Between Alkyl-Functionalized Redox-Active Molecule Pairs To Enhance Interfacial Electron Transfer, Inseong Cho, Mizuho Koshika, Pawel W. Wagner, Nagatoshi Koumura, Peter C. Innis, Shogo Mori, Attila J. Mozer
Exploiting Intermolecular Interactions Between Alkyl-Functionalized Redox-Active Molecule Pairs To Enhance Interfacial Electron Transfer, Inseong Cho, Mizuho Koshika, Pawel W. Wagner, Nagatoshi Koumura, Peter C. Innis, Shogo Mori, Attila J. Mozer
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
The strategies to enhance electron transfer rates between redox-active, light-harvesting molecules attached to semiconductor surfaces and redox mediators in solution by modifying molecular structure are not fully investigated yet. Therefore, the design of molecules with controlled electron transfer rates remains a challenge. The aims of this work are to quantify the effect of long alkyl chain substitution on the electron transfer from cobalt(II/III) tris(2,2′-bipyridine) to organic molecules containing carbazole and thiophene and to demonstrate that alkyl chains can be used to enhance electron transfer between donor-acceptor pairs. To this end, we study the effect of using a combination of donor …
Excellent Structural, Optical, And Electrical Properties Of Nd-Doped Basno3 Transparent Thin Films, Fang-Yuan Fan, Weiyao Zhao, Ting-Wei Chen, Jian-Min Yan, Jin-Peng Ma, Lei Guo, Guan-Yin Gao, Feifei Wang, Ren-Kui Zheng
Excellent Structural, Optical, And Electrical Properties Of Nd-Doped Basno3 Transparent Thin Films, Fang-Yuan Fan, Weiyao Zhao, Ting-Wei Chen, Jian-Min Yan, Jin-Peng Ma, Lei Guo, Guan-Yin Gao, Feifei Wang, Ren-Kui Zheng
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
We epitaxially grew 7 mol. % Nd-doped BaSnO3 (NBSO) thin films on double-side polished SrTiO3 (001) single-crystal substrates and optimized the oxygen pressure (PO2), substrate temperature (TS), and film thickness (t) to achieve excellent structural, optical, and electrical performance. By keeping TS (=800 °C) constant, NBSO films prepared at PO2 = 10 Pa show the best crystallization, yielding a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the x-ray diffraction rocking curve of 0.079° and exhibiting a room-temperature resistivity (ρ) of ∼1.85 mΩ cm and a volume carrier density (n) of ∼8.5 x 1020/cm3. By keeping PO2 (=10 Pa) constant, the room-temperature ρ …
Characterization And Electrochemical Performance Of Manganese Oxide With Carbon Nano Tubes As Negative Electrode For Lithium Batteries, Atef Y. Shenouda, Haipeng Guo, Jiazhao Wang
Characterization And Electrochemical Performance Of Manganese Oxide With Carbon Nano Tubes As Negative Electrode For Lithium Batteries, Atef Y. Shenouda, Haipeng Guo, Jiazhao Wang
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Amorphous Tio2 In P25 On Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance, Kadhim Al-Attafi, Andrew Nattestad, Qijie Wu, Yusuke Ide, Yusuke Yamauchi, Shi Xue Dou, Jung Ho Kim
The Effect Of Amorphous Tio2 In P25 On Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance, Kadhim Al-Attafi, Andrew Nattestad, Qijie Wu, Yusuke Ide, Yusuke Yamauchi, Shi Xue Dou, Jung Ho Kim
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
P25 is one of the most widely used forms of titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2), routinely utilised in dye-sensitised solar cells (DSCs), where it is often employed as a control, in spite of its poorly defined nature and the typically low device efficiency (or possibly because of this). Work by Park in 2000 and later by Lin et al. suggests that the rutile component might not be to blame for this, as has often been claimed. Recently it has been observed that P25 has quite a sizable amorphous content. A method to selectively remove this non-crystalline material has been developed, allowing for …
Quantitative Characterisation Of Conductive Fibers By Capacitive Coupling, Andres Ruland Palaia, Rouhollah Jalili, Attila J. Mozer, Gordon G. Wallace
Quantitative Characterisation Of Conductive Fibers By Capacitive Coupling, Andres Ruland Palaia, Rouhollah Jalili, Attila J. Mozer, Gordon G. Wallace
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
This work presents a study on a capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detector (C4D) for micron-sized fibers. Following a previous report on the qualitative application of C4D for fibers, the present study provides a thorough analysis of the signal response to fiber conductivity. Using reduced graphene oxide (RGO) fibers, the detector response as a function of fiber length, cross-sectional area and resistance has been investigated. To study the effect of insulating coatings, Parylene-coated RGO fibers were also investigated. In addition, measurements were performed in different coupling environments, such as in a capillary tube or air. The analysis of the measured data …
Martensitic Transformation, Electronic Structure And Magnetism In D0(3)-Ordered Heusler Mn(3)Z (Z = B, Al, Ga, Ge, Sb) Alloys, Tingzhou Li, Rabah Khenata, Zhenxiang Cheng, Hong Chen, Hongkuan Yuan, Tie Yang, Minquan Kuang, S Bin Omran, Xiaotian Wang
Martensitic Transformation, Electronic Structure And Magnetism In D0(3)-Ordered Heusler Mn(3)Z (Z = B, Al, Ga, Ge, Sb) Alloys, Tingzhou Li, Rabah Khenata, Zhenxiang Cheng, Hong Chen, Hongkuan Yuan, Tie Yang, Minquan Kuang, S Bin Omran, Xiaotian Wang
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
No abstract provided.
Hydrogels Fibers, Javad Foroughi, Azadehsadat Mirabedini, Holly Warren
Hydrogels Fibers, Javad Foroughi, Azadehsadat Mirabedini, Holly Warren
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
With the ever increasing demand for suitable tissue engineering and drug delivery systems, hydrogel fiber spinning has drawn increasing attention due to its ability to create threedimensional (3D) structures using biomaterials. Hydrogel materials have shown a great promise to be used as templates for tissue engineering and implantable devices. Among the many production techniques available, advanced fiber processing, such as coaxial and triaxial spinning of natural hydrogels, has attracted a great deal of attention because the basic core-sheath structure provides a drug delivery system capable of delivering high concentrations of drug for localized drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Encapsulating …
An Electrochemical Cell With Gortex-Based Electrodes Capable Of Extracting Pure Hydrogen From Highly Dilute Hydrogen-Methane Mixtures, Klaudia K. Wagner, Prerna Tiwari, Gerhard F. Swiegers, Gordon G. Wallace
An Electrochemical Cell With Gortex-Based Electrodes Capable Of Extracting Pure Hydrogen From Highly Dilute Hydrogen-Methane Mixtures, Klaudia K. Wagner, Prerna Tiwari, Gerhard F. Swiegers, Gordon G. Wallace
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
In this work we report a novel liquid-acid electrochemical cell containing Gortex-based gas diffusion electrodes, layered with suitable catalysts and current collectors, that is capable of sustainably extractin g pure hydrogen from methane mixtures containing as little as 5% hydrogen. The origin of its efficiency appears to derive from the solid-liquid interface between the solid Gortex electrodes and the liquid electrolyte, as well as the high proton conductivity of the electrolyte. This interface and electrolyte exhibit an efficiency for reaction that greatly exceeds that achieved by the comparable solid-solid interface and proton conductor in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) …
Microstructural And Associated Chemical Changes During The Composting Of A High Temperature Biochar: Mechanisms For Nitrate, Phosphate And Other Nutrient Retention And Release, Stephen D. Joseph, Claudia Kammann, Jessica Shepherd, Pellegrino Conte, Hans-Peter Schmidt, Nikolas Hagemann, Anne Rich, Christopher Marjo, Jessica Allen, Paul R. Munroe, David R. G Mitchell, Scott Donne, Kurt Spokas, Ellen Graber
Microstructural And Associated Chemical Changes During The Composting Of A High Temperature Biochar: Mechanisms For Nitrate, Phosphate And Other Nutrient Retention And Release, Stephen D. Joseph, Claudia Kammann, Jessica Shepherd, Pellegrino Conte, Hans-Peter Schmidt, Nikolas Hagemann, Anne Rich, Christopher Marjo, Jessica Allen, Paul R. Munroe, David R. G Mitchell, Scott Donne, Kurt Spokas, Ellen Graber
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of the nutrient status of biochar and soils prior to its inclusion in particular agricultural systems. Pre-treatment of nutrient-reactive biochar, where nutrients are loaded into pores and onto surfaces, gives improved yield outcomes compared to untreated biochar. In this study we have used a wide selection of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques to investigate the mechanisms of nutrient retention in a high temperature wood biochar, which had negative effects on Chenopodium quinoa above ground biomass yield when applied to the system without prior nutrient loading, but positive effects when applied after composting. We have compared …
Magnetoreresistance Of Carbon Nanotube-Polypyrrole Composite Yarns, R Ghanbari, Shaban Reza Ghorbani, H Arabi, Javad Foroughi
Magnetoreresistance Of Carbon Nanotube-Polypyrrole Composite Yarns, R Ghanbari, Shaban Reza Ghorbani, H Arabi, Javad Foroughi
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Three types of samples, carbon nanotube yarn and carbon nanotube-polypyrrole composite yarns had been investigated by measurement of the electrical conductivity as a function of temperature and magnetic field. The conductivity was well explained by 3D Mott variable range hopping (VRH) law at T < 100 K. Both positive and negative magnetoresistance (MR) were observed by increasing magnetic field. The MR data were analyzed based a theoretical model. A quadratic positive and negative MR was observed for three samples. It was found that the localization length decreases with applied magnetic field while the density of states increases. The increasing of the density of states induces increasing the number of available energy states for hopping. Thus the electron hopping probability increases in between sites with the shorter distance that results to small the average hopping length.
Decomposition Mechanism Of Zinc Ammine Borohydride: A First-Principles Calculation, Xiaowei Chen, Weidong Zou, Renquan Li, Guanglin Xia, Xuebin Yu
Decomposition Mechanism Of Zinc Ammine Borohydride: A First-Principles Calculation, Xiaowei Chen, Weidong Zou, Renquan Li, Guanglin Xia, Xuebin Yu
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
The decomposition mechanism of zinc ammine borohydride ([Zn(NH 3 ) 2 ][BH 4 ] 2 ) has been studied by density functional theory calculation. The release of B 2 H 6 and BH 3 is predicted to be kinetically and/or thermodynamically unfavorable for [Zn(NH 3 ) 2 ][BH 4 ] 2 , in agreement with experimental results that no boranes were detected during decomposition. The climbing image nudged elastic band calculation and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations indicate the formation of NH 3 BH 3 and B 2 H 7 - intermediates during decomposition of [Zn(NH 3 ) 2 ][BH …
Biomaterials For Corneal Bioengineering, Zhi Chen, Jingjing You, Xiao Liu, Simon Cooper, Christopher Hodge, Gerard Sutton, Jeremy Micah Crook, Gordon G. Wallace
Biomaterials For Corneal Bioengineering, Zhi Chen, Jingjing You, Xiao Liu, Simon Cooper, Christopher Hodge, Gerard Sutton, Jeremy Micah Crook, Gordon G. Wallace
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Corneal transplantation is an important surgical treatment for many common corneal diseases. However, a worldwide shortage of tissue from suitable corneal donors has meant that many people are not able to receive sight-restoring operations. In addition, rejection is a major cause of corneal transplant failure. Bioengineering corneal tissue has recently gained widespread attention. In order to facilitate corneal regeneration, a range of materials is currently being investigated. The ideal substrate requires sufficient tectonic durability, biocompatibility with cultured cellular elements, transparency, and perhaps biodegradability and clinical compliance. This review considers the anatomy and function of the native cornea as a precursor …
Elaborately Assembled Core-Shell Structured Metal Sulfides As A Bifunctional Catalyst For Highly Efficient Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting, Yanna Guo, Jing Tang, Zhongli Wang, Yong-Mook Kang, Yoshio Bando, Yusuke Yamauchi
Elaborately Assembled Core-Shell Structured Metal Sulfides As A Bifunctional Catalyst For Highly Efficient Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting, Yanna Guo, Jing Tang, Zhongli Wang, Yong-Mook Kang, Yoshio Bando, Yusuke Yamauchi
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Low efficiency, short lifetimes, and limited kinds of catalysts are still three fundamental shortcomings that have plagued electrochemical water splitting. Herein, we rationally synthesized a cost-effective Co 3 S 4 @MoS 2 hetero-structured catalyst that has proven to be a highly active and stable bifunctional catalyst for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an alkaline environment. The heterostructure was obtained via a first hydrothermal approach to obtain hollow Co 3 S 4 nanoboxes based on the ionic exchange reaction between Fe(CN) 6 3− of Co-Fe Prussian blue analogue (PBA) and S 2− at 120 °C, …
Complete Stress-Induced Depolarization Of Relaxor Ferroelectric Crystals Without Transition Through A Non-Polar Phase, Sergey Shkuratov, Jason Baird, Vladimir Antipov, Wesley Hackenberger, Jun Luo, Shujun Zhang, C S. Lynch, Jay Chase, Hwan Jo, Christopher C. Roberts
Complete Stress-Induced Depolarization Of Relaxor Ferroelectric Crystals Without Transition Through A Non-Polar Phase, Sergey Shkuratov, Jason Baird, Vladimir Antipov, Wesley Hackenberger, Jun Luo, Shujun Zhang, C S. Lynch, Jay Chase, Hwan Jo, Christopher C. Roberts
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
The development of relaxor ferroelectric single crystal technology is driven by the ability to tailor ferroelectric properties through domain engineering not achievable in polycrystalline materials. In this study, three types of domain-engineered rhombohedral Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 -Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 crystals were subjected to transverse high strain rate loading. The experimental results indicate that the domain configuration has a significant effect on the stress-induced depolarization and the associated charge released. A complete depolarization of the single-domain crystals with 3m symmetry is observed, while multidomain crystals with 4mm and mm2 symmetries retain a fraction …
Hybrid 2d Dual-Metal-Organic Frameworks For Enhanced Water Oxidation Catalysis, Kun Rui, Guoqiang Zhao, Yaping Chen, Y C. Lin, Qian Zhou, Jiayi Chen, Jixin Zhu, Wenping Sun, Wei Huang, Shi Xue Dou
Hybrid 2d Dual-Metal-Organic Frameworks For Enhanced Water Oxidation Catalysis, Kun Rui, Guoqiang Zhao, Yaping Chen, Y C. Lin, Qian Zhou, Jiayi Chen, Jixin Zhu, Wenping Sun, Wei Huang, Shi Xue Dou
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-derived nanostructures are recently emerging as promising catalysts for electrocatalysis applications. Herein, 2D MOFs nanosheets decorated with Fe-MOF nanoparticles are synthesized and evaluated as the catalysts for water oxidation catalysis in alkaline medium. A dramatic enhancement of the catalytic activity is demonstrated by introduction of electrochemically inert Fe-MOF nanoparticles onto active 2D MOFs nanosheets. In the case of active Ni-MOF nanosheets (Ni-MOF at Fe-MOF), the overpotential is 265 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm -2 in 1 m KOH, which is lowered by ≈100 mV after hybridization due to the 2D nanosheet …
Nucleation And Propagation Of Thermomagnetic Avalanches In Thin-Film Superconductors (Review Article), J I. Vestgarden, Tom H. Johansen, Y Galperin
Nucleation And Propagation Of Thermomagnetic Avalanches In Thin-Film Superconductors (Review Article), J I. Vestgarden, Tom H. Johansen, Y Galperin
Australian Institute for Innovative Materials - Papers
Stability of the vortex matter - magnetic flux lines penetrating into the material - in type-II superconductor films is crucially important for their application. If some vortices get detached from pinning centres, the energy dissipated by their motion will facilitate further depinning, and may trigger an electromagnetic breakdown. In this paper, we review recent theoretical and experimental results on development of the above mentioned ther-momagnetic instability. Starting from linear stability analysis for the initial critical-state flux distribution we then discuss a numerical procedure allowing to analyze developed flux avalanches. As an example of this approach we consider ultra-fast dendritic flux …