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Articles 331 - 360 of 2013
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Head-Tracking Haptic Computer Interface For The Blind, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Head-Tracking Haptic Computer Interface For The Blind, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
In today’s heavily technology-dependent society, blind and visually impaired people are becoming increasingly disadvantaged in terms of access to media, information, electronic commerce, communications and social networks. Not only are computers becoming more widely used in general, but their dependence on visual output is increasing, extending the technology further out of reach for those without sight. For example, blindness was less of an obstacle for programmers when command-line interfaces were more commonplace, but with the introduction of Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) for both development and final applications, many blind programmers were made redundant (Alexander, 1998; Siegfried et al., 2004). Not …
Unveiling The Potential Of Rfid-Enabled Intelligent Patient Management : Results Of A Delphi Study, S. F. Wamba, E. W. T. Ngai
Unveiling The Potential Of Rfid-Enabled Intelligent Patient Management : Results Of A Delphi Study, S. F. Wamba, E. W. T. Ngai
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
Information technology (IT) in general, and radio frequency identification (RFID) technology in particular, are considered as key enablers of healthcare sector transformation in terms of better quality of care, improved patient management, and increased healthcare efficiency and effectiveness. There is, however, a shortage of studies on the impact of RFID technology on patient management-related processes. This study intends to fill this knowledge gap in literature by unveiling the potential of RFID-enabled intelligent patient management. Twelve patient management-related processes are identified, followed by the assessment of the impact of RFID on the said processes by a panel of experts using a …
Realigning Service Operations Strategy At Dhl Express, Tim R. Coltman, John Gattorna, Stuart Whiting
Realigning Service Operations Strategy At Dhl Express, Tim R. Coltman, John Gattorna, Stuart Whiting
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
This paper describes the approach that DHL used to respond to aggressive revenue and profit targets set by its Asia-Pacific regional management board. DHL’s reaction to these targets was to redefine its strategic service vision by systematically aligning its internal support functions with distinct buyer behavior structures. Specifically, we developed a model based on the tangible and intangible factors that directly influence a customer’s choice of a third-party logistics provider. Next, we reverse engineered the service provider’s delivery system to align with each customer’s preferred buying behavior. DHL’s share of wallet and profitability immediately improved, enabling the company to maintain …
Dimensionality Reduction Using Compressed Sensing And Its Application To A Large-Scale Visual Recognition Task, Son Lam Phung, Fok Hing Chi Tivive, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Jie Yang
Dimensionality Reduction Using Compressed Sensing And Its Application To A Large-Scale Visual Recognition Task, Son Lam Phung, Fok Hing Chi Tivive, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Jie Yang
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
This paper presents a novel algorithm for the dimensionality reduction which employs compressed sensing (CS) to improve the generalization capability of a classifier, especially for large-scale data. Compared to traditional dimensionality reduction methods, the proposed algorithm makes no use of the problem-dependent parameters, nor does it require additional computation for the eigenvalue decomposition like PCA or LDA. Mathematically, the derived algorithm regards the input features as the dictionary in CS, and selects the features that minimize the residual output error iteratively, thus the resulting features have a direct correspondence to the performance requirements of the given problem. Furthermore, the proposed …
On The Analysis Of Background Subtraction Techniques Using Gaussian Mixture Models, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Azeddine Beghdadi, Son Lam Phung, Philippe L. Bouttefroy
On The Analysis Of Background Subtraction Techniques Using Gaussian Mixture Models, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Azeddine Beghdadi, Son Lam Phung, Philippe L. Bouttefroy
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
In this paper, we conduct an investigation into background subtraction techniques using Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) in the presence of large illumination changes and background variations. We show that the techniques used to date suffer from the trade-off imposed by the use of a common learning rate to update both the mean and variance of the component densities, which leads to a degeneracy of the variance and creates “saturated pixels”. To address this problem, we propose a simple yet effective technique that differentiates between the two learning rates, and imposes a constraint on the variance so as to avoid the …
A Training Algorithm For Sparse Ls-Svm Using Compressive Sampling, Jie Yang, Son Lam Phung, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum
A Training Algorithm For Sparse Ls-Svm Using Compressive Sampling, Jie Yang, Son Lam Phung, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LS-SVM) has become a fundamental tool in pattern recognition and machine learning. However, the main disadvantage is lack of sparseness of solutions. In this article Compressive Sampling (CS), which addresses the sparse signal representation, is employed to find the support vectors of LS-SVM. The main difference between our work and the existing techniques is that the proposed method can locate the sparse topology while training. In contrast, most of the traditional methods need to train the model before finding the sparse support vectors. An experimental comparison with the standard LS-SVM and existing algorithms is given …
Markov Random Fields For Abnormal Behavior Detection On Highways, Son Lam Phung, Philippe L. Bouttefroy, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Azeddine Beghdadi
Markov Random Fields For Abnormal Behavior Detection On Highways, Son Lam Phung, Philippe L. Bouttefroy, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Azeddine Beghdadi
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
This paper introduces a new paradigm for abnormal behavior detection relying on the integration of contextual information in Markov random fields. Contrary to traditional methods, the proposed technique models the local density of object feature vector, therefore leading to simple and elegant criterion for behavior classification. We develop a Gaussian Markov random field mixture catering for multi-modal density and integrating the neighborhood behavior into a local estimate. The convergence of the random field is ensured by online learning through a stochastic clustering algorithm. The system is tested on an extensive dataset (over 2800 vehicles) for behavior modeling. The experimental results …
Fast Digital Optical Flow Estimation Based On Emd, Mickael Quelin, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
Fast Digital Optical Flow Estimation Based On Emd, Mickael Quelin, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
This paper presents an optical flow estimation technique based on the so called Elementary Motion Detector (EMD). The aim is to provide a fast but not necessarily very accurate system to be used for specific post processing purposes. This model uses a low complexity algorithm for detecting motion in four directions by identifying specific motion templates. By extending the motion templates to different scales of the input video, an Elementary Velocity Detector (EVD) is created. This one can save computation time by estimating different speeds in parallel. Information from the EVD outputs is then used to generate an estimate of …
Feature Selection For Facial Expression Recognition, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung, Fok Hing Chi Tivive, Peiyao Li
Feature Selection For Facial Expression Recognition, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung, Fok Hing Chi Tivive, Peiyao Li
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
In daily interactions, humans convey their emotions through facial expression and other means. There are several facial expressions that reflect distinctive psychological activities such as happiness, surprise or anger. Accurate recognition of these activities via facial image analysis will play a vital role in natural human-computer interfaces, robotics and mimetic games. This paper focuses on the extraction and selection of salient features for facial expression recognition. We introduce a cascade of fixed filters and trainable non-linear 2-D filters, which are based on the biological mechanism of shunting inhibition. The fixed filters are used to extract primitive features, whereas the adaptive …
Automatic Parameter Selection For Feature-Enhanced Radar Image Restoration, Moeness G Amin, Cher Hau Seng, Son Lam Phung, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum
Automatic Parameter Selection For Feature-Enhanced Radar Image Restoration, Moeness G Amin, Cher Hau Seng, Son Lam Phung, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
In this paper, we propose a new technique for optimum parameter selection in non-quadratic radar image restoration. Although both the regularization hyper-parameter and the norm value are influential factors in the characteristics of the formed restoration, most existing optimization methods either require memory intensive computation or prior knowledge of the noise. Here, we present a contrast measure-based method for automated hyper-parameter selection. The proposed method is then extended to optimize the norm value used in non-quadratic image formation and restoration. The proposed method is evaluated on the MSTAR public target database and compared to the GCV method. Experimental results show …
Bridging Micro And Macro Through Experimental Information Acceleration, Tim R. Coltman, Pierre Richard
Bridging Micro And Macro Through Experimental Information Acceleration, Tim R. Coltman, Pierre Richard
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
Among leading organizations in all sectors there is evidence that successful managers possess the capability to deal with contradictory tensions within their “macro” competitive and institutional environments. Furthermore, the strategic thinking and decision-making capabilities expected of managers highlight the importance of “micro” processes within organizations. Although macro and micro perspectives are intuitively linked, the empirical literature often separates these two perspectives into either strategy content or process. This paper demonstrates how an experimental method based on “discrete choice analysis” and “information acceleration” can be used to bridge the divide between “micro” managerial processes and the “macro” environmental contexts framing them. …
On Circulant And Two-Circulant Weighing Matrices, K T. Arasu, Ilias S. Kotsireas, Christos Koukouvinos, Jennifer Seberry
On Circulant And Two-Circulant Weighing Matrices, K T. Arasu, Ilias S. Kotsireas, Christos Koukouvinos, Jennifer Seberry
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
We employ theoretical and computational techniques to construct new weighing matrices constructed from two circulants. In particular, we construct W(148, 144), W(152, 144), W(156, 144) which are listed as open in the second edition of the Handbook of Combinatorial Designs. We also fill a missing entry in Strassler’s table with answer “YES”, by constructing a circulant weighing matrix of order 142 with weight 100.
Macro-Economic Equilibrium And Price Signal Accuracy In Non-Scalar Economy, Farzad Safaei
Macro-Economic Equilibrium And Price Signal Accuracy In Non-Scalar Economy, Farzad Safaei
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
The management of global commons is of vital importance for modern society. The current solutions attempt to internalize the cost of appropriation of commons by adding this to the cost of private resources. In this paper we will show that this approach has some fundamental weaknesses. To overcome these shortcomings, we have proposed to segregate the management of private and shared resources by using non-scalar numbers for the underlying economic signals of money and price. We prove that the resulting non-scalar economy always reaches a macro-economic equilibrium point where the level of appropriation of commons by the society remains steady. …
A Compressive Sensing Approach To Image Restoration, Matthew Kitchener, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
A Compressive Sensing Approach To Image Restoration, Matthew Kitchener, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Son Lam Phung
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
In this paper the image restoration problem is solved using a Compressive Sensing approach, and the translation invariant, a Trous, undecimated wavelet transform. The problem is cast as an unconstrained optimization problem which is solved using the Fletcher-Reeves nonlinear conjugate gradient method. A comparison based on experimental results shows that the proposed method achieves comparable if not better performance as other state-of-the-art techniques.
Fuzzy Logic-Based Image Fusion For Multi-View Through-The-Wall Radar, Cher Hau Seng, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Fok Hing Chi Tivive, Moeness G. Amin
Fuzzy Logic-Based Image Fusion For Multi-View Through-The-Wall Radar, Cher Hau Seng, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Fok Hing Chi Tivive, Moeness G. Amin
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
In this paper, we propose a new technique for image fusion in multi-view through-the-wall radar imaging system. As most existing image fusion methods for through-the-wall radar imaging only consider a global fusion operator, it is desirable to consider the differences between each pixel using a local operator. Here, we present a fuzzy logic-based method for pixel-wise image fusion. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on both simulated and real data from through-the-wall radar imaging system. Experimental results show that the proposed method yields improved performance, compared to existing methods.
Aperiodicity And Cofinality For Finitely Aligned Higher-Rank Graphs, Peter Lewin, Aidan Sims
Aperiodicity And Cofinality For Finitely Aligned Higher-Rank Graphs, Peter Lewin, Aidan Sims
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
We introduce new formulations of aperiodicity and cofinality for finitely aligned higher-rank graphs $\Lambda$, and prove that $C^*(\Lambda)$ is simple if and only if $\Lambda$ is aperiodic and cofinal. The main advantage of our versions of aperiodicity and cofinality over existing ones is that ours are stated in terms of finite paths. To prove our main result, we first characterise each of aperiodicity and cofinality of $\Lambda$ in terms of the ideal structure of $C^*(\Lambda)$. In an appendix we show how our new cofinality condition simplifies in a number of special cases which have been treated previously in the literature; …
A Direct Approach To Co-Universal Algebras Associated To Directed Graphs, Aidan Sims, S B. Webster
A Direct Approach To Co-Universal Algebras Associated To Directed Graphs, Aidan Sims, S B. Webster
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
We prove directly that if $E$ is a directed graph in which every cycle has an entrance, then there exists a $C^*$-algebra which is co-universal for Toeplitz-Cuntz-Krieger $E$-families. In particular, our proof does not invoke ideal-structure theory for graph algebras, nor does it involve use of the gauge action or its fixed point algebra.
Automatic Classification Of Gpr Signals, W Shao, A Bouzerdoum, S L. Phung, L Su, B Indraratna, C Rujikiatkamjorn
Automatic Classification Of Gpr Signals, W Shao, A Bouzerdoum, S L. Phung, L Su, B Indraratna, C Rujikiatkamjorn
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
Ground penetrating radar has been widely used in many areas. However, the processing and interpretation of acquired signals remains a challenging task since it requires experienced users to manage the whole operations. In this paper, we propose an automatic classification system to categorise GPR signals based on magnitude spectrum amplitudes and support vector machines. The system is tested on a real-world GPR data set. The experimental results show that our system can correctly distinguish ground penetrating radar signals reflected by different materials.
Improved Learning In Grid-To-Grid Neural Network Via Clustering, William E. White, Khan M. Iftekharuddin, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum
Improved Learning In Grid-To-Grid Neural Network Via Clustering, William E. White, Khan M. Iftekharuddin, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
The maze traversal problem involves finding the shortest distance to the goal from any position in a maze. Such maze solving problems have been an interesting challenge in computational intelligence. Previous work has shown that grid-to-grid neural networks such as the cellular simultaneous recurrent neural network (CSRN) can effectively solve simple maze traversing problems better than other iterative algorithms such as the feedforward multi layer perceptron (MLP). In this work, we investigate improved learning for the CSRN maze solving problem by exploiting relevant information about the maze. We cluster parts of the maze using relevant state information and show an …
Bonding Over Bushfires: Social Networks In Action, Mark Freeman, Alison Freeman
Bonding Over Bushfires: Social Networks In Action, Mark Freeman, Alison Freeman
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
A world-first nation-wide community website scheme was established in Australia in 2006 to enhance existing, and build new, social networks within geographic communities. By doing so, it sought to promote geographic community engagement. Initially, this paper presents an overview of the scheme since its inception and review the current geographic community groups participating in the scheme. To date the scheme has had limited success in attracting a critical mass of communities that value the promoted benefits of social networks in this format, with only 154 community websites across Australia. While it has not achieved the expected level of uptake, the …
Social-Technical Issues Facing The Humancentric Rfid Implantee Sub-Culture Through The Eyes Of Amal Graafstra, Amal Graafstra, Katina Michael, M G. Michael
Social-Technical Issues Facing The Humancentric Rfid Implantee Sub-Culture Through The Eyes Of Amal Graafstra, Amal Graafstra, Katina Michael, M G. Michael
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags and transponders have traditionally been used to identify domesticated animals so that they can be reunited with their owners in the event that they stray. In the late 1990s, industry started to investigate the benefits of using RFID to identifying non-living things throughout the supply chain toward new efficiencies in business operations. Not long after, people began to consider the possibilities of getting RFID tag or transponder implants for themselves. Mr Amal Graafstra of the United States is one of the first, and probably most well-known ‘do it yourselfer’ (DIY) implantees, who enjoys building customized projects …
A New Approach To Harmonic Allocation For Mv Installations, Victor J. Gosbell, Robert A. Barr
A New Approach To Harmonic Allocation For Mv Installations, Victor J. Gosbell, Robert A. Barr
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
Distributors need to allocate a maximum allowed level of harmonic current to MV customers to keep voltage distortion acceptable. The paper describes a new approach, based on the concept of voltage droop, requiring much less calculation and data than required by the present approach based on an IEC technical report. The discrepancy between the new method and the present is studied by comparing some carefully selected scenarios. It is shown that the proposed method gives results within 20% of the standards-based approach which makes it a very attractive alternative for harmonic allocation.
The Semenov Formulation Of The Biological Self-Heating Process In Compost Piles, Thiansiri Luangwilai, Harvinder Sidhu, M I. Nelson, X D. Chen
The Semenov Formulation Of The Biological Self-Heating Process In Compost Piles, Thiansiri Luangwilai, Harvinder Sidhu, M I. Nelson, X D. Chen
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
We formulate and investigate a uniformly distributed mathematical model (based upon Semenov's theory for thermal explosions) for the thermal response of cellulosic materials in compost piles. The model consists of a mass balance equation for oxygen, a heat balance equation, and incorporates the heat release due to biological activity within the pile. Biological heat generation is known to be present in most industrial processes handling large volumes of bulk organic materials. We utilise singularity theory to investigate the generic properties of the model, as well as to determine the locus of different singularities, namely the cusp, isola and double limit …
Low Complexity Interference Aware Distributed Resource Allocation For Multi-Cell Ofdma Cooperative Relay Networks, Nidhal Odeh, Mehran Abolhasan, Farzad Safaei
Low Complexity Interference Aware Distributed Resource Allocation For Multi-Cell Ofdma Cooperative Relay Networks, Nidhal Odeh, Mehran Abolhasan, Farzad Safaei
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
In this paper we focus on the subcarrier allocation for the uplink OFDMA based cooperative relay networks. Multiple cells were considered, each composed of a single base station (destination), multiple amplify and forward (AF) relay stations and multiple subscriber stations (sources). The effects of inter-cell interference (ICI) have been considered to optimize the subcarrier allocation with low complexity. The optimization problem aims to maximize the sum rate of all sources and at the same time maintain the fairness among them. Full channel state information (CSI) is assumed to be available at the base station. In the proposed algorithm the subcarrier …
New Classes Of Orthogonal Designs Constructed From Complementary Sequences With Given Spread, Ilias Kotsireas, Christos Koukouvinos, Jennifer Seberry, D. Simos
New Classes Of Orthogonal Designs Constructed From Complementary Sequences With Given Spread, Ilias Kotsireas, Christos Koukouvinos, Jennifer Seberry, D. Simos
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
In this paper we present, infinite families of new orthgonal designs, based on some weighing matrices of order 2n, weight 2n - k and spread o, constructed from two circlante and directed sequences.
A Generalised Minimum Variance Controller For Time-Varying Mimo Linear Systems With Multiple Delays, Zheng Li, Christian Schmid
A Generalised Minimum Variance Controller For Time-Varying Mimo Linear Systems With Multiple Delays, Zheng Li, Christian Schmid
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
In this paper we study optimal control of time-varying multi-input multi-output stochastic systems and develop a generalised minimum variance controller. The system to be controlled is described using a multi-input multi-output time-varying autoregressive moving average model that has multiple delays between the output and input. The controller minimises the sum of output tracking error variances and squared current control variables.
A Feasibility Of Incorporating Pdas Into Problem-Based Learning Approach To Medical Education: An Overview, Rattiporn Luanrattana, Khin Than Win, John Fulcher
A Feasibility Of Incorporating Pdas Into Problem-Based Learning Approach To Medical Education: An Overview, Rattiporn Luanrattana, Khin Than Win, John Fulcher
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
This paper explores the feasibility of incorporating personal digital assistants (PDAs) into problem-based learning (PBL) approach in medical education. Method: Database searched was conducted by using relevant keywords. From 1,317 relevant journal articles, 489 articles (37%) are related to the use of PDAs in medical settings, medical education and aspects regarding PDA use in both areas. The appropriate materials were input into NVivo 7 for analysis. Results: Five PDA functionalities (clinical-log, reference, personal information management, communication and special functions) and 8 factors (data security and information privacy, interoperability, scalability and network connectivity, education and training, technology comfort, electromagnetic interference, social …
The Height Variance Range For One Frequency Fringe Pattern Profilometry, Yi Ding, Jiangtao Xi, Yanguang Yu, Joe F. Chicharo, Wenqing Cheng
The Height Variance Range For One Frequency Fringe Pattern Profilometry, Yi Ding, Jiangtao Xi, Yanguang Yu, Joe F. Chicharo, Wenqing Cheng
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
The upper limit on the deepest step of the surface shape that can be accurately determined is an important performance measure associated with the fringe projection profilometry. This metric is evaluated as the variance of height between two adjacent pixels on a fringe patterns reflected from the object surface. This paper presents novel results on this metric based on the Nyquist sampling theorem originally developed in the area of communication theory. Compared to existing results, we indicate that the fringe width and digital image resolution also affect the height variance range significantly. This new result could be used to increase …
An Abuse-Free Fair Contract-Signing Protocol Based On The Rsa Signature, Guilin Wang
An Abuse-Free Fair Contract-Signing Protocol Based On The Rsa Signature, Guilin Wang
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
A fair contract-signing protocol allows two potentially mistrusted parities to exchange their commitments (i.e., digital signatures) to an agreed contract over the Internet in a fair way, so that either each of them obtains the other's signature, or neither party does. Based on the RSA signature scheme, a new digital contract-signing protocol is proposed in this paper. Like the existing RSA-based solutions for the same problem, our protocol is not only fair, but also optimistic, since the trusted third party is involved only in the situations where one party is cheating or the communication channel is interrupted. Furthermore, the proposed …
Functionalities Of Free And Open Electronic Health Record Systems, Alejandro Enrique Flores Zuniga, Khin Than Win, Willy Susilo
Functionalities Of Free And Open Electronic Health Record Systems, Alejandro Enrique Flores Zuniga, Khin Than Win, Willy Susilo
Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine open-source electronic health record (EHR) software to determine their level of functionalities according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards. Methods: ISO standards were used as a guideline to determine and describe the reference architecture and functionalities of a standard electronic health record system as well the environmental context for which the software has been built. Twelve open-source EHR systems were selected and evaluated according to two-dimensional criteria based on ISO/TS 18308:2004 functional requirements and ISO/TR 20514:2005 context of the EHR system. Results: Open EHR software programs mostly fulfill structural, …